61 results
Search Results
2. Psychology qua psychoanalysis in Argentina: Some historical origins of a philosophical problem (1942–1964).
- Author
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Fierro, Catriel and Araujo, Saulo de Freitas
- Subjects
PSYCHOANALYSIS ,DEVELOPMENTAL psychology ,PSYCHOLOGY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL research ,CLINICAL psychology - Abstract
Contemporary Argentinian psychology has a unique characteristic: it is identified with psychoanalysis. Nonpsychoanalytic theories and therapies are difficult to find. In addition, there is an overt antiscientific attitude within many psychology programs. How should this be explained? In this paper, we claim that a philosophical history of psychology can shed new light on the development of Argentinian psychology by showing that early Argentinian psychoanalysts held positions in the newborn psychology programs and a distinctive stance toward scientific research in general and psychology in particular. In the absence of an explicit and articulate philosophical position, psychoanalysts developed an implicit meta‐theory that helped shape the context that led to the institutionalization and professionalization of psychology in Argentina. Although we do not establish or even suggest a monocausal link between their ideas and the current state of Argentinian psychology, we do claim that their impact should be explored. Finally, we discuss some limitations of our study and suggest future complementary investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Different Argentine Rural Extensionists' Mindsets and Their Practical Implications.
- Author
-
Landini, Fernando
- Subjects
RURAL extension ,RURAL education ,TECHNOLOGY transfer research ,PSYCHOLOGICAL typologies - Abstract
Purpose: This paper reflects upon the practice of Argentine rural extensionists working in the extension public system through the process of identifying different rural extensionists' types of mindsets and comparing them with transfer of technology extension approach, dialogical processes of horizontal knowledge exchange, participatory perspectives and innovation system approach. Design/Methodology/approach: A quali-quantitative investigation was conducted. Surveys containing closed and open questions were sent via email to rural extensionists. This allowed the researcher to identify their beliefs about different issues connected to extension practice. The sample was incidental (n = 219; 143 men, 76 women). Qualitative data was categorized and quantified. Finally, a two-steps cluster analysis was implemented. Findings: Two types of rural extensionists' mindsets were identified, one of which relates to the transfer of technology approach and other to the dialogical/horizontal model, yet neither of them fitting the ideal of the most important extension institution of the country, which supports an innovation system approach. Practical implications: Extensionists' practices and institutional ideals do not coincide. Reflexive training processes are required to make beliefs about rural extension explicit in order to build a contextually suitable extension proposal. Originality/Value: Through a quali-quantitative approach to the issue of rural extensionists' mindsets, this paper contributes to a better understanding of Argentine rural extensionists' practices. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Assessing the Impact of Alternative Voting Technologies on Multi-Party Elections: Design Features, Heuristic Processing and Voter Choice.
- Author
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Katz, Gabriel, Alvarez, R., Calvo, Ernesto, Escolar, Marcelo, and Pomares, Julia
- Subjects
ELECTRONIC voting ,VOTING machines ,PARTISANSHIP ,VOTING ,INFORMATION technology ,FIELD research ,ELECTIONS & psychology ,ARGENTINE politics & government, 2002- ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper analyzes the influence of alternative voting technologies on electoral outcomes in multi-party systems. Using data from a field experiment conducted during the 2005 legislative election in Argentina, we examine the role of information effects associated with alternative voting devices on the support for the competing parties. We find that differences in the type of information displayed and how it was presented across devices favored some parties to the detriment of others. The impact of voting technologies was found to be larger than in two-party systems, and could lead to changes in election results. We conclude that authorities in countries moving to adopt new voting systems should carefully take the potential partisan advantages induced by different technologies into account when evaluating their implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Values and attitudes towards women in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico.
- Author
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Olivas-Luján, Miguel R., Monserrat, Silvia Inés, Ruiz-Gutierrez, Jaime A., Greenwood, Regina A., Gómez, Sergio Madero, Murphy Jr., Edward F., and Santos, Neusa Maria Bastos F.
- Subjects
VALUES (Ethics) ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,WOMEN'S employment ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to report results from an exploratory, empirical research study that describes personal values and attitudes toward women, two themes that strongly impact employment relations and a wide variety of management issues. Design/methodology/approach -- Well-established measures for the major themes for this paper were used in constructing a questionnaire. Data collection instruments were vetted for content, translated and back-translated, and applied by native researchers, who also contributed local expertise to the paper. Findings -- Female respondents across all four countries were more egalitarian in their attitudes towards women in the workforce than were men. Additionally, Colombian respondents had more egalitarian attitudes towards women scores, followed by Brazilians and Argentineans; Mexicans exhibited the least egalitarian attitudes toward women. Originality/value -- This is the first empirical study that links two well-validated constructs (personal values and attitudes toward women) in samples from the largest Latin American countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Undergraduate Psychology Teaching and Education at Argentinian Universities: A Sociobibliometric Investigation (1999–2018).
- Author
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Fierro, Catriel, Cristina Di Doménico, María, and Klappenbach, Hugo Alberto
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGY education ,CONTEXT effects (Psychology) ,UNDERGRADUATE education ,UNDERGRADUATES ,PUBLIC universities & colleges ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This study is an empirical analysis of the recent past and current state of Argentinian undergraduate psychology education in the context of psychology programs' ongoing evaluation and accreditation processes. We used six bibliometric parameters to retrieve the required listed readings (N = 16,085) of the 452 compulsory undergraduate courses' syllabi from Argentina's 12 most populated psychology programs at public and prívate universities. We then compared our data with analyses from the 2000–2010 period and with official accreditation criteria. Results showed a marked obsolescence and a limited updating of required readings. Syllabi showed a clear hegemony of psychoanalytically-oriented authors and readings, dominance of books and faculty-written manuscripts over scholarly articles, and a very limited internationalization. Our findings suggest that accreditation processes have not modified Argentinian psychology's main, historical characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Anomalías cognitivas en la toma de decisiones: un análisis empírico realizado en la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad de Buenos Aires.
- Author
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Paez de la Fuente, Juan Pablo and Berasategui, Agustín
- Subjects
BEHAVIORAL economics ,FOREIGN exchange rates ,EMPIRICAL research ,ECONOMIC surveys ,AXIOMS - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Interdisciplinares is the property of Common Ground Research Networks and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Breve historia de la psicología en la ciudad de La Plata (1906-1966).
- Author
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DAGFAL, ALEJANDRO A.
- Subjects
HISTORY of psychology -- 20th century ,PSYCHOLOGY education in universities & colleges ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,PSYCHOLOGY teachers ,PSYCHOLOGY students ,TWENTIETH century - Abstract
Copyright of Universitas Psychologica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Indicador de Medición en Psicología online en América Latina en tiempos de pandemia.
- Author
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Trejos-Gil, Carlos Andrés, Castro Escobar, Huber Yesid, and Amador Sánchez, Ornar Augusto
- Subjects
- *
WEBSITES , *FACTOR analysis , *PANDEMICS , *ELECTRONIC commerce , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Introduction: In the areas of technology and virtualization from provide online services in pandemic times there is a possibility psychology online acquiring services thinking that web sites are confidence for users and good quality. This paper proposes a number of indicators to websites evaluation that provide online services psychology in Latin American. Methodology: Whit experimental methodology were tracked 144 websites online services psychology assessing objectives variables with the purpose of factor analysis to the indicators building. Results: According the proposed indicators Brazil (...=2.00) is identified that scored best indicator, followed by Argentina (...=2.5), Chile (...=2.67) y Colombia (...=3.5); Integra Medical (Chile) (IMPOL=0.4629) get the better calification in Latin America, Discussion: Despite the pandemics conditions of the world actually, latent need the persons to access psychology online therapy, the web site aspects lacking to web quality with safety, accessibility and web positioning. Conclusions: Measurement indicator to psychology online (MIPOL) is a tool that permit to evaluate websites this category and detected strengths and weaknesses each web sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Afro-Porteños at the end of the nineteenth century: discussing the nation.
- Author
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Geler, Lea
- Subjects
DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) ,PSYCHOLOGY ,JOINT operating agreements ,NEWSPAPERS - Abstract
Argentina is a country that, even today, identifies itself as a modern, white, and European nation. This representation began to be projected in the last decades of the nineteenth century, framed in the state-consolidation and nation-building processes, which will be the historical context for this paper. It was also the time when a certain notion became broadly accepted: that Afro-Argentines, the descendants of formerly enslaved African people, had ‘disappeared’. By contrast, in that same period,Afro-Porteños(Porteñosare citizens of Buenos Aires, capital of Argentina) had not disappeared but constituted an important community, which produced numerous newspapers. Through the analysis ofAfro-Porteñonewspapers, their self-representations and discourses, some of the ways they negotiated with the ideology of modernity and Europeanism (that implied whiteness) will be discussed. The agency ofAfro-Porteñoswill be examined as we analyze howAfro-Porteñointellectuals promoted state values to their group and at the same time defended their community against discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The Everyday Lives of Children with Cancer in Argentina: Going beyond the Disease and Treatment.
- Author
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Vindrola‐Padros, Cecilia
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration & psychology ,PATIENT education ,TUMORS in children ,HOUSING ,POVERTY areas ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,ANXIETY ,DECISION making ,DIAGNOSIS ,DIAGNOSTIC errors ,DRAWING ,EXPERIENCE ,FAMILIES ,GUILT (Psychology) ,INTERVIEWING ,LIFE change events ,MEDICAL errors ,PATIENTS ,PHYSICIAN-patient relations ,PUBLIC hospitals ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,PATIENTS' rights ,QUALITATIVE research ,NARRATIVES ,THEMATIC analysis ,REFUSAL to treat ,DATA analysis software ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Most of the literature on paediatric oncology treatment has provided descriptions of children's everyday lives that are circumscribed to periods of hospitalisation. In this paper, I argue that the political and economic context where children receive oncology treatment as well as the particular trajectories of their families influence their experiences. The narratives from children receiving treatment in three public hospitals in Buenos Aires, Argentina, were collected. Their stories indicate that issues such as the interruption of school, the separation of family members, the expenses incurred during treatment, and barriers to care influence the everyday lives of children and should be included in paediatric oncology research. © 2011 The Author(s). Children & Society © 2011 National Children's Bureau and Blackwell Publishing Limited [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. REGULACIÓN DE LA PSICOLOGÍA POR PARTE DEL ESTADO EN LA REPÚBLICA ARGENTINA.
- Author
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Ferrero, Andrea and De Andrea, Nidia
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGY education in universities & colleges ,HIGHER education & state ,HIGHER education ,SUPERVISION of clinical psychologists ,SOCIAL responsibility - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Política is the property of Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
13. Patients' narratives of chronic illnesses and the notion of biographical disruption.
- Author
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DELBENE, ROXANA
- Subjects
CHRONIC diseases & psychology ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,CHRONIC kidney failure ,DISEASES ,HIV infections ,PSYCHOLOGY of HIV-positive persons ,INTERVIEWING ,PHENOMENOLOGY ,PATIENTS ,QUALITATIVE research ,HEMODIALYSIS patients ,NARRATIVES ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Bury's (1982) argument that the onset of a chronic illness represents a biographical disruption has become paradigmatic in the sociology of illness studies. More recently Bury (1991, 1997) himself, Williams (2000) and other medical sociologists have argued that the notion of illness as biographical disruption needs re-examination. Following a phenomenological approach, in this paper the author draws on different narrative models (Labov and Waletzky 1967 and Ricoeur 1980) to analyze how patients orient to the onset of chronic illness as the complicating action. The data comprise eight narratives collected in South America: three correspond to patients with renal failure, and five to patients with HIV/AIDS disease. It is observed that in some cases, patients' complicating actions are rather oriented to experiences of poverty, drug addiction, and criminality that took place prior to their onset of their illnesses. These experiences, instead of the onset of their illnesses, occupy the place of the complicating action in these patients' narratives. The author discusses that in the studies of illness narratives, it is difficult to operate from a different paradigm, but argues that conflating the onset of chronic illness with a biographical disruption may confuse the episodic dimension of narrative with the configurational dimension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. COALICIONES DE LOS INTENDENTES PARA LA GOBERNANZA LOCAL.
- Author
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Pacheco, Alicia and Vilchez, Virginia
- Subjects
NEW governance theory ,LOCAL government -- Politics & government ,COALITIONS ,POLITICAL culture ,ARGENTINE politics & government, 2002- ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Política is the property of Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
15. IDEOLOGÍA DE LA DESIGUALDAD: ANÁLISIS DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EMPÍRICA EN PSICOLOGÍA SOCIAL.
- Author
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García-Castro, Juan Diego
- Subjects
EQUALITY research ,SOCIAL dominance ,IDEOLOGY ,SOCIAL psychology research ,RESEARCH ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Política is the property of Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
16. Juan Azcoaga y la recepción de la obra de Vygotsky en Argentina.
- Author
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García, Luciano Nicolás
- Subjects
- *
PSYCHOLOGY , *CHILDREN , *LANGUAGE & languages - Abstract
This paper examines the reception of Vygotsky's work in Argentina during the 1960 decade until the beginnings of '70s in a disciplinary crossing with psychiatry, neurology, psychology, and pedagogy. All these disciplines placed the child as a study object in order to approach the neurological problems related to the language and the learning difficulties. This paper is focused on the analysis of Azcoaga's work within that period using the concept of reception formulated by Jauss (1981) that allows showing some of the first readings and conceptualizations done by Vygotsky. Some of Azcoaga's professional fields involved in Vygotsky's work reception, the predominant theoretical framework and the thinking traditions with those committed institutions in its reception are studied in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
17. La evaluation de los valores en adolcsccntcs: su relación con variables sociodemográficas e intelectuales.
- Author
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Casullo, María Martina and Liporace, Mercedes Fernández
- Subjects
VALUES (Ethics) ,SOCIAL science research ,PSYCHOLOGY ,TEENAGERS ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,PARENTAL influences ,PARENT-child relationships - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Psicología (1669-2438) is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2005
18. [The beginning of psychology as a profession in Argentinian universities].
- Author
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Klappenbach H
- Subjects
- Argentina, History, 20th Century, Psychology history, Universities history
- Abstract
Two characteristics of professional psychology in Argentine are interesting for historians. On the one hand, the omission of the large past of scientific psychology that began at the end of last century. On the other, the omission of the most recently beginning of professional psychology on '50. In this paper, we point out some political features of the process of psychology's professionalization around those latter years. The main subject of this paper, are the studies of psychology at Tucuman and Cuyo universities, on '40 and '50. In those years, the social and industrial changes in the country, leads to new problems of adaptation to job and to environment. Those subjects and the old problems of psychological aspects in school, pave the way for the new needs of psychological profession in all the country.
- Published
- 1995
19. THE FUTURE OF THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY IN ARGENTINA AND BRAZIL.
- Author
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Klappenbach, Hugo and Jacó-Vilela, Ana Maria
- Subjects
- *
HISTORY of psychology , *PSYCHOLOGICAL research - Abstract
This article analyzes the development of the history of psychology in Argentina and Brazil, beginning with the emergence of the history of psychology at the beginning of the 20th century. The paper analyzes that such old historical reconstructions were written by the same authors or institutions that were introducing Psychology in the two countries. That is, the older historical productions in the field of psychology were Whig biased. An analysis of the last 30 years of history of psychology is also provided. The article describes institutional developments, including archives, journals, scientific meetings, and teaching of history of psychology in academic settings. Main groups devoted to history of psychology, both in Argentina and Brazil are described. Finally, it offers some thoughts on the future of history of psychology in the 2 countries. A comparative study between Argentina and Brazil allows to understand strengths and weakness related to institutionalization of History of Psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. La actualización del Código de Ética de la Federación de Psicólogos de la República Argentina: fundamentos y modificaciones.
- Author
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María Hermosilla, Ana, Cataldo, Rocío, and Bogetti, Celeste
- Subjects
- *
MORAL psychology , *PSYCHOLOGISTS' associations , *DEONTOLOGICAL ethics , *ORATORY , *COMMERCE - Abstract
Deontology of psychology in Argentina appears when the profession consolidates institutionally and academically, a process that culminates in the enactment of professional laws. In this context, the professional associations of the different provinces enacted their ethic's codes, and in 1999 the National Ethics Code from the Federation of Psychologist of the Argentine Republic (Fe.P.R.A.) arises as an attempt to unify deontological criteria. After 14 years, a review of the code was carried out taking into consideration the advancement of the psychological science and profession in this country, in consonance with the laws of protection and promotion of rights, enacted in the last decade. Thus, this paper aims to describe the fundamentals of the code's revision and emphasise the main changes on it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
21. Sex-stratified and age-adjusted social gradients in tobacco in Argentina and Uruguay: evidence from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS).
- Author
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De Maio, F. G., Konfino, J., Ondarsuhu, D., Goldberg, L., Linetzky, B., and Ferrante, D.
- Subjects
PASSIVE smoking ,SMOKING & psychology ,ENVIRONMENTAL exposure ,SURVEYS ,AGE distribution ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,PROBABILITY theory ,RESEARCH funding ,SEX distribution ,SMOKING cessation ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,SECONDARY analysis ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Objective To examine social gradients in tobacco use in Argentina and Uruguay, using newly available directly comparable data sets. Methods Secondary analysis of Global Adult Tobacco Survey data from Argentina (N=6645) and Uruguay (N=5581). Social gradients in current tobacco use, exposure to secondhand smoke, and cessation attempt were examined with sex-stratified and age-adjusted logistic regression. Results Among men, there is evidence of higher odds of being a current smoker among respondents with lower levels of education, but the association is only statistically significant for respondents with less than primary education in Uruguay (OR=2.15, 95% CI 1.22 to 3.77). Similarly, women with lower levels of education have higher odds of being a current smoker in Uruguay. The association between education and exposure to secondhand smoke is broadly similar for both sexes in both countries, with generally higher odds among groups with low education, though the relationship is only statistically significant among men in Uruguay (OR=1.77, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.92). In both countries, respondents with lower levels of education in general have higher odds of having attempted to quit smoking in the past year, although these associations did not attain statistical significance. Conclusions Social gradients in tobacco use, exposure to secondhand smoke and cessation attempts are broadly similar in both countries. Efforts to evaluate the long-term effects of tobacco control efforts in these countries should monitor how policies affect national averages, and the social gradients that are embedded in aggregate data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Psychoanalysizing science itself: Psychoanalysis, philosophy of science and scientific research in the institutionalization of Argentinian psychology (1962–1983).
- Author
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Fierro, Catriel and Araujo, Saulo de Freitas
- Subjects
PSYCHOANALYSIS ,PHILOSOPHY of science ,GOVERNMENT publications ,UNDERGRADUATES ,PSYCHOLOGY ,HISTORY of psychology ,PSYCHOLOGISTS - Abstract
To clarify the historical origins of theoretical and methodological problems faced by Argentinian psychology today, this article describes the philosophical and epistemological ideas held by psychoanalytically oriented professors and transmitted to undergraduate students during the institutionalization and professionalization of psychology at Argentinian universities between 1962 and 1983. Drawing from primary sources such as official publications and undergraduate syllabi, we analyze the systematic and normative perspective of those psychoanalysts on issues such as the nature of science, the scientific method, and the legitimate ways to do research. We argue that the philosophical approach they defended within psychology programs was markedly relativistic, solipsistic, and often recursive, leading them to conceive of psychoanalysis both as a meta‐theory and a self‐sufficient science. The fact that this "theory‐laden" philosophy of science was gradually adopted by psychology graduates (or undergraduates) throughout their education could thus help explain several epistemological beliefs currently held by a majority of Argentinian psychologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. EL RECUERDO DEL "MAL": HISTORIZAR LA MEMORIA.
- Author
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Gentile, María Beatriz
- Subjects
- *
COLLECTIVE memory , *DISAPPEARED persons , *SUBJECTIVITY , *HISTORY & politics , *HISTORICITY , *SOCIAL change , *MEMORY & politics , *HISTORICAL research , *PSYCHOLOGY ,SOCIAL aspects - Abstract
This paper addresses the following question: How can we advance in the knowledge of the past from the perspective of subjects? This presents an epistemological and methodological challenge posed to address forms of reasoning capable of involving the subject, secondly, distinguishing between what we call the "historical knowledge" as a heritage of the scholar, researcher, where the historical is placed between the facts of reality as an aspect of it, as an object; and the historical knowledge as a higher authority where the subject is incorporated as forgotten knowledge, and it is here where the social memory in the elaboration of history takes a different sense, because the social changes, the emergence of new actors and sensibilities and imaginary world involve transformations of the ways of the past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
24. Diferencias en la calidad de vida por trimestre del embarazo en un grupo de adolescentes argentinas.
- Author
-
Estrada-Mendiola, Rosa Beatriz, Reynaga-Ornelas, Luxana, Jiménez-Garza, Octavio Alejandro, Dávalos-Pérez, Adriana, and Rodríguez-Lugo, Susana
- Subjects
TEENAGE pregnancy ,QUALITY of life ,FIRST trimester of pregnancy ,PREGNANT teenagers ,THIRD trimester of pregnancy ,SECOND trimester of pregnancy ,PUBLIC health ,PSYCHOLOGY ,HEALTH - Abstract
Copyright of Acta Universitaria is the property of Universidad de Guanajuato/Acta Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Beauty at the gallery. Operatic knowledge and audience as community.
- Author
-
Benzecry, Claudio E.
- Subjects
THEATER audiences ,OPERA ,PERFORMING arts audiences ,AESTHETICS ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The article discusses how an audience receives, represents and experiences opera years and years after its historical primacy, when it has both lost its popular and distinguishing character. The study referred here conducted a fieldwork at the top floors of the Colon Opera House of Buenos Aires, Argentina. One approach to see the moral education opera audiences undergo is to look first at those who are either just starting in the opera community or who are attending the Colon Opera House new subscription series. They can be later compared to determine how the opera house audience mostly behaves in its regular and more traditional nights.
- Published
- 2005
26. Estrategias de afrontamiento y ansiedad ante exámenes en estudiantes universitarios.
- Author
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Casari, Leandro Martin, Anglada, Johana, and Daher, Celeste
- Subjects
- *
TEST anxiety , *PSYCHOLOGY students , *PSYCHOLOGICAL adjustment testing , *HUMAN information processing , *COLLEGE students' psychology research , *UNIVERSITIES & colleges , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper analyzed the coping strategies and exam anxiety in 140 Psychology majors at the University of the Aconcagua, in the state of Mendoza. It also evaluated the differences and the relationship between these two variables according to gender, completed courses and academic year. Results showed that the coping strategies included the Search for Alternative Bonuses and Emotional Discharge; students also reported a low level of anxiety. Significant associations were found between these two variables, as well in relation to gender and the academic year. No significant results were found in the relationship with completed courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. La dinàmica de los saberes locales y el proceso de localizatión del saber científico. Aportes desde un estudio de caso.
- Author
-
Landini, Fernando
- Subjects
- *
RURAL development , *TRADITIONAL knowledge , *LOCAL knowledge , *SOCIAL psychology , *FARMERS , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Numerous authors have pointed out the importance of recuperating and giving its due worth to peasant and aboriginal knowledge when rural development initiatives emerge. Nevertheless the problem area related to the local knowledge concept continues presenting some dark points. Therefore, with the purpose of contributing to the topic, this paper analyzes local knowledge dynamics, particularly its value increase and reconfiguration based on the involvement of technical advancement and scientific knowledge. Keeping in mind the said purpose, this article presents the results of a research curried out in a peasant community of the Northeastern part of Argentina, where small producers' knowledge and lack of it were studied, as well as local knowledge invention, circulation, and consolidation processes from a historical perspective. Thus the dynamics involved are conceptualized with the support of frames of reference originated in social psychology, and a comprehensive model destined to describe and explain communal processes for inventing knowledge and the relationship between local knowledge and scientific knowledge has been proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
28. Consideraciones epistemológicas en las Publicaciones del Instituto de Psicología Experimental de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (1943-1947).
- Author
-
Calabresi, Corina
- Subjects
- *
EXPERIMENTAL psychology , *UNIVERSITIES & colleges , *PSYCHOLOGICAL research -- Methodology , *THEORY of knowledge ,ARGENTINE history, 1943-1955 - Abstract
In this work, the historical and epistemological foundations of the publications edited by the Instituto de Psicología Experimental (Institute of Experimental Psychology) of Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (Argentina) are analyzed. The study is based on the production of its Senior Director, Doctor Horacio Rimoldi. Rimoldi's scientific conceptions were influenced by sciences such as biology, psychology and mathematics, which he had learnt both in his medical profession and in his later studies in England in experimental psychology and factorial analysis. His main publications covered both applied psychology in industrial-organizational and in educational settings as well as research works on psychometric deficits. In this paper, his works are analyzed by a strict methodology based on very original and complex correlation measurements and factorial analysis. He also related the data to personal information such as age and gender, and affective troubles. In his publications, the educational variable has been a predominant factor when correlating and interpreting the differences in academic performance between the populations of the tests (mostly Anglo-Saxon countries and Argentina). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
29. ADAPTACIÓN Y VALIDACIÓN ARGENTINA DE LA MARLOWE-CROWNE SOCIAL DESIRABILITY SCALE.
- Author
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COSENTINO, ALEJANDRO C. and SOLANO, ALEJANDRO CASTRO
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL desirability , *SOCIAL desirability scales , *SOCIAL acceptance , *COLLEGE students , *RESEARCH , *PSYCHOMETRICS , *PSYCHOLOGY , *MANNERS & customs - Abstract
Crowne and Marlowe (1960) developed the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MCSDS) that is a widely used scale to measure social desirability defined as "the need of subjects to obtain approval by responding in a culturally appropriate and acceptable manner" (p. 353). Several studies from Psychology and Medicine areas have included the MCSDS. The MCSDS is used both to asses and to control for response bias in a socially desirable manner as well as to measure psychological concepts, such as defensiveness or need for approval. Moreover, the MCSDS is the standard measurement to categorize the four coping styles from Weinberger, Schwartz, and Davidson model (1979). Since the MCSDS first appeared, investigators have proposed several changes such as, short forms, computerized administrations, translations and adaptations to diverse cultures. In this study of development of the Escala de Deseabilidad Social de Crowne y Marlowe (EDSCM) is described. The EDSCM Scale is an adaptation to the Argentinian culture of the original MCSDS full scale with a paper-and-pencil administration form. A pilot study with a sample of Psychology student volunteers was conducted to adapt the MCSDS to Argentinian culture. One hundred nineteen Psychology college students (93 women and 26 men (M = 28 years; SD = 9.6) from two universities of the Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires (Republica Argentina) volunteered to participate in reliability and validity studies of the EDSCM Scale. The student sample participants completed the EDSCM, the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDIII), and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). For this student sample, the EDSCM scores ranged from 0 to 27, with a mean of 14.13 (SD = 4.99). EDSCM scores were normally distributed with no outlier values. The internal scale reliability of the EDS CM measured with Cronbach's alpha was .76. No statistically significant mean difference between sexes was found for the EDSCM Scale. A statistically significant association between the L Scale of EPQ and the EDSCM, with a large correlation effect size, provided convergent validity evidence for the EDSCM Scale. With regard to the divergent validity of the EDSCM Scale, a small to medium correlation effect size between the BDI-II and the EDSCM provided evidence that the EDSCM is a social desirability scale independent from Psychopathology. A sub-sample of students (n = 52) who previously completed the EDSCM Scale, completed the EDSCM again with instructions to imagine being in a hiring process. Comparing the normal (M = 15.94; SD = 4.81) and the differential instruction condition (M = 28.67; SD = 4.67) a statistically significant increase in the EDSCM scores was detected. To provide known-groups validity, the EDSCM scores derived from an adult sample were compared with the EDSCM scores derived from an applicant sample. The adult sample included 120 participants (73 women and 47 men; M = 35.6 years; SD = 15.9) and the applicant sample included 134 people (61 women and 73 men; M = 28.9 years, SD = 3.4). Both for the adult sample and the applicant sample, there was not statistically significant sex difference for the EDSCM Scale. The applicant condition (M = 23.66; SD = 5.37; α = .75) showed statistically significant higher EDSCM scores than the normal condition (M = 16.09; SD = 5.18; α = .84). In this article, the validity and reliability of the EDSCM Scale have been analyzed, as indicated by the study of convergent and divergent validities, differential instructions technique, and known-groups technique, as well as internal consistency analyses. All considered, the findings presented appropriate psychometric properties of the Argentinian culture adaptation of the MCSDS. The use of EDSCM Scale is suggested for researches related to Psychology and Medicine areas in Argentinian samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
30. PROMOVIENDO LA SERENIDAD INFANTIL EN EL CONTEXTO ESCOLAR. EXPERIENCIAS PRELIMINARES EN UNA ZONA DE RIESGO AMBIENTAL.
- Author
-
OROS, LAURA BEATRIZ
- Subjects
- *
STRESS in children , *BEHAVIOR modification , *RELAXATION for health , *BEHAVIOR disorders in children , *STRESS management for children , *CHILD psychology research , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Parents and educators alike are concerned as a result of a significant increase in aggressive behaviors in school. Disruptive behaviors in children, which can go from making fun and bullying a classmate to real criminal behavior, make academic learning processes more difficult (Marín Sanchez, 2002). Apparently, it seems more difficult for children to control their impulses and regain calmness after an event of frustration or offense. This paper suggests an intervention model that includes both cognitive and behavioral procedures, so as to prevent aggressive behavior and foster calmness in a group of 6 to 7-year old school children. In order to assess the effectiveness of the model proposed, a pilot study was applied to the totality (N = 40) of children attending grades first and second of a elementary school included in the Federal Plan for 1,000 Schools in poverty level, in the Province of Entre Ríos (República Argentina). Personal interviews were carried out before and after the intervention so as to assess whether before a stressful event children had developed the ability of relaxing through their use of an adaptive strategy or, on the contrary, showed hasty reactions, as evidence of lack of control in their impulses and emotions. The intervention strategies were implemented within the classroom. Their teachers acted as overseers and qualified professionals acted as observers, writing down the students' difficulties and achievements, so as to make adjustments in the program according to the needs of every group. Both professionals had been previously trained in both the theoretical and practical aspects of intervention. The program included six 45-minute sessions. Both cognitive and behavioral procedures were used. Strategies of intervention included, among others, modeling, positive reinforcing, mental and physical relaxation techniques, breathing training, behavioral practice, cost-benefits analysis, search for alternatives, self-referential techniques, narrations, and planned games. Every session was closed with a generalization assignment, in order to transfer what had been learnt to other significant contexts (home, neighborhood, etc.). A content analysis was made to analyze the discourse findings collected at the time of the interviews and quantitative tests were applied in order to find out whether changes in behavior had been produced after the intervention. Results show a significant reduction in disruptive behaviors after applying the relaxation model and a progressive acquisition of more adapted answers in interpersonal stress events (V = .37; p = .002). The first assessment showed near 20 percent of clearly violent reactions as a means of solving problems or relieving tensions ("I punch him", "I hit the wall", "I kick him back", etc.); in the second assessment, however, it went down to 11 percent. On the other hand, in the first assessment not a single child mentioned specific attempts of relaxing or calming down before answering to an insult or an aggression episode, but in the second one, 43 percent of answers included this category ("I breathe deeply", "I count up to three first", etc.). Moreover, it was encouraging to find that some children not only made good use of the techniques suggested by the team, but also developed the ability of thinking in new ways of relaxing, which were applied according to their own needs and preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
31. Apoyo social, bienestar psicológico y salud percibida en personas de edad.
- Author
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Clemente, Alejandra, Florencia Tartaglini, María, and Stefani, Donna
- Subjects
- *
GERIATRIC psychology , *PSYCHOLOGICAL well-being , *SOCIAL support , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the type of social support perceived by the older adult and the satisfaction with it, in relation with their psychological well-being. For this purpose the following instruments were selected: 1)Diaz Veigas's Inventory of Social resources for older adults which was used to asses the satisfaction with the perceived social support. 2) The psychological well-being index structured by Stefani (2002). At the moment these instruments were administrated to 150 elders who are part of the sample. The subjects were male and females middle class older adults, residents of Buenos Aires city and it outskirts. Discussion: The data of this investigation coincide with other studies and add empirical evidence with relation to the role played the satisfaction with the perceived support in the perception of the state of health and the psychological well-being of the aged person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
32. Propuestas vigentes para la formación ético-deontológica en Carreras de Psicología en el contexto del Mercosur. El caso argentino.
- Author
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Ferrero, Andrea and Andrade, Eugenia
- Subjects
- *
MORAL education (Higher) , *PROFESSIONAL ethics , *PSYCHOLOGY education , *CURRICULUM , *UNIVERSITIES & colleges - Abstract
This paper deals with the current proposals about ethical education in psychology undergraduate programs within Mercosur regional context, particularly in Argentina. The organisation processes carried out by the psychology professional community of Mercosur is analyzed. As a consequence of it, the Psychologists' Committee of Mercosur and Associated Countries was founded with the main objective of establishing common standards for psychology undergraduate education and the ethical framework for the regulation of the profession. With respect to Argentina, the processes generated by the psychology academic community are analyzed. With the creation of the Association of Psychology Academic Units and the cooperation of the Federation of Argentinean Psychologists (Fe-PRA), the psychological community has put forward a threefold proposal: i) Activities related to the Professional Degree, ii) the Direct Risk involved in an unethical practice, and iii) the Curricular Contents that should be taught at university. Ethical and deontological contents are included in all the mentioned activities. Finally, it is worth noting the importance of the developments related to professional ethics and deontology taking place in Mercosur context as well as in Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
33. Feeling and thinking: Quantifying the relationship between perceived tenure security and housing improvement in an informal neighbourhood in Buenos Aires
- Author
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van Gelder, Jean-Louis
- Subjects
- *
HOUSING , *SOCIAL psychology , *PSYCHOLOGICAL research - Abstract
Abstract: In this paper, the relationship between perceived tenure security and housing improvement in informal neighbourhoods is examined drawing from a case in Buenos Aires, Argentina. A perspective based on recent insights from social psychological research on judgment and decision making under uncertainty is introduced to operationalize the concept of perceived tenure security and to establish the nature and strength of its frequently assumed relationship with investment behaviour. Following these insights, perceived tenure security is shown to be composed of both the perceived probability of eviction (a thinking state) and the fear of eviction (a feeling state), which are related but separate variables. The results show that perceived tenure security is an important individual variable influencing housing improvement, with fear of eviction being a more important determinant than perceived probability of eviction. These results have important consequences for the future study of tenure security and can also have policy implications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Concepciones sobre la sabiduría.
- Author
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Casullo, María Martina and Fernández Liporace, Mercedes
- Subjects
- *
RESEARCH , *POSITIVE psychology , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The paper presents preliminary results of a research framed into the Positive Psychology paradigm. It was developed on age a sample composed of 1100 adults of both sexes, between 30 and 59 years old (X̅ age= 44.89; s.d.= 7.74; 55% males, 45% females), from Buenos Aires, Argentina. A scale especially designed (Casullo, 2005), asking about which notes are distinguished in a wise person, was applied. Significant differences by sex, age and educational level are analyzed, as well as the most frequent responses given by the examinees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
35. Algunas representaciones en torno al trabajo en la búsqueda laboral de jóvenes trabajadores pampeanos.
- Author
-
Norverto, Lía
- Subjects
- *
JOB hunting , *YOUNG adult psychology , *ATTITUDES toward work , *PSYCHOLOGY ,ARGENTINIAN economy, 1983- - Abstract
This paper analyses a series of representations of work during job searching in young people in La Pampa. Job seeking is signified differently in view of diverse factors such as age, gender, education, and family background, among others, but most of the young persons under analysis share representations of work connected to instability, permanent risk, competition, individuality and survival. Such a situation has encouraged the researcher to explore the issues involved in the construction of these generalized social representations with the rigour and the degree of specialization the matter deserves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
36. Well-being, behavioral patterns and cycling crashes of different age groups in Latin America: Are aging adults the safest cyclists?
- Author
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Useche, Sergio A., Alonso, Francisco, Sanmartin, Jaime, Montoro, Luis V., and Cendales, Boris
- Subjects
AGE groups ,URBAN growth ,ADULTS ,CYCLISTS ,RISK perception ,DEVELOPMENTAL biology - Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed at analyzing the cycling safety-related factors and the mental health indicators of elderly cyclists in comparison with other age groups. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the data of 911 bicyclists from two Latin American countries that have been experiencing a substantial growth of urban cycling during the last few years: Colombia and Argentina. Participants responded to an e-questionnaire on bicycling behaviors, mental health and cycling safety. Results: Aging adults reported lower rates of risky behaviors and traffic crashes (around .38 in five years), and, on the other hand, more cycling protective behaviors, a higher risk perception and a better knowledge of traffic norms than both other adults (26–50 years old) and young cyclists (<26). Cycling behaviors and crashes were found to be significantly related to mental health indicators, the latter being higher in aging cyclists. However, this population remains more prone to distractions experienced while cycling than other age groups. Conclusions: Although the behavioral features of aging adults were comparatively “safer” than the ones displayed by other age groups, factors such as cycling distractions and this population’s over-representation in traffic crashes suggest the need of enforcing policymaking for a better integration of this age segment in alternative transportation dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Comparative analysis of aging policy reforms in Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, and Mexico.
- Author
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Calvo, Esteban, Berho, Maureen, Roqué, Mónica, Amaro, Juan Sebastián, Morales-Martinez, Fernando, Rivera-Meza, Emiliana, Gutiérrez Robledo, Luis Miguel F., López, Elizabeth Caro, Canals, Bernardita, and Kornfeld, Rosa
- Subjects
POLICY sciences ,AGING ,COMPARATIVE studies ,HEALTH care reform ,CASE studies ,HEALTH policy ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This investigation uses case studies and comparative analysis to review and analyze aging policy in Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, and Mexico and uncovers similarities and relevant trends in the substance of historical and current aging policy across countries. Initial charity-based approaches to poverty and illness have been gradually replaced by a rights-based approach considering broader notions of well-being, and recent reforms emphasize the need for national, intersectoral, evidence-based policy. The results of this study have implications for understanding aging policy in Latin America from a welfare regime and policy makers' perspective, identifying priorities for intervention and informing policy reforms in developing countries worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Obstetrical providers' preferred mode of delivery and attitude towards non-medically indicated caesarean sections: a cross-sectional study.
- Author
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Rivo, J. C., Amyx, M., Pingray, V., Casale, R. A., Fiorillo, A. E., Krupitzki, H. B., Malamud, J. D., Mendilaharzu, M., Medina, M. L., del Pino, A. B., Ribola, L., Schvartzman, J. A., Tartalo, G. M., Trasmonte, M., Varela, S., Althabe, F., Belizán, J. M., and Feasibility of ‘Mode of Delivery Trial’ Study Group
- Subjects
CESAREAN section ,CLINICAL indications ,HOSPITALS ,PRENATAL care ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,HEALTH attitudes ,MEDICAL personnel ,OBSTETRICS ,PATIENT satisfaction ,ELECTIVE surgery ,PATIENTS' rights ,CROSS-sectional method ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Objective: To describe obstetrical providers' delivery preferences and attitudes towards caesarean section without medical indication, including on maternal request, and to examine the association between provider characteristics and preferences/attitudes.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: Two public and two private hospitals in Argentina.Population: Obstetrician-gynaecologists and midwives who provide prenatal care and/or labour/delivery services.Methods: Providers in hospitals with at least 1000 births per year completed a self-administered, anonymous survey.Main Outcome Measures: Provider delivery preference for low-risk women, perception of women's preferred delivery method, support for a woman's right to choose her delivery method and willingness to perform caesarean section on maternal request.Results: 168 providers participated (89.8% coverage rate). Providers (93.2%) preferred a vaginal delivery for their patients in the absence of a medical indication for caesarean section. Whereas 74.4% of providers supported their patient's right to choose a delivery method in the absence of a medical indication for caesarean section and 66.7% would perform a caesarean section upon maternal request, only 30.4% would consider a non-medically indicated caesarean section for their own personal delivery or that of their partner. In multivariate adjusted analysis, providers in the private sector [odds ratio (OR) 4.70, 95% CI 1.19-18.62] and obstetrician-gynaecologists (OR 4.37, 95% CI 1.58-12.09) were more willing than either providers working in the public/both settings or midwives to perform a caesarean section on maternal request.Conclusions: Despite the ethical debate surrounding non-medically indicated caesarean sections, we observe very high levels of support, especially by providers in the private sector and obstetrician-gynaecologists, as aligned with the high caesarean section rates in Argentina.Tweetable Abstract: Non-medically indicated c-section? 74% of sampled Argentine OB providers support women's right to choose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. ACCOUNTING CUSTOMER SERVICE, CULTURAL DIFFERENCES, & THE BIG 5 IN ARGENTINA, KENYA, THE UNITED KINGDOM, AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
- Author
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Hernandez, Miguel, Raikundalia, Aleena, and Steinberg, Hannah
- Subjects
CUSTOMER service management ,FIVE-factor model of personality ,CROSS-cultural differences ,CUSTOMER services ,RETAIL industry ,SOCIAL status ,INDIVIDUALISM -- Social aspects ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Hofstede's 6D model is comprised of power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation, and indulgence. The two countries of Argentina and the United States score differently in terms of the norm 6D factors. For starters, power distance is rated similarly for both countries. Argentina has a score of 49, while the United States has one of 40. In Argentina, status is important. The types of clothes you wear and people you hang around define your societal status. The same is true for the United States. Image is very important for individuals in both countries. The power distance score could be an influencing factor is how clothing retail stores advertise. In the United States, advertising efforts from retail stores try to project an image of who should shop in their store. The portrayals of people in Old Navy ads are much different than people in Men's Warehouse. People that want to be a part of a group would purchase clothes from the same retail shop as the current members of that group. One alarming difference between the two countries is individualism. Argentina scores lower than the United States. The people of Argentina tend to be collectivist, helping their family and in-group. The United States, on the other hand, is very high on individualism. Individuals in the United States help only themselves and immediate family. Individuals of the United States find it easier to be self-sufficient and initiative. In the work place, if a problem needed to be solved, management would expect employees to find the means to resolve it. This can tie into customer service by the fact that an employee would be responsible for handling an unsatisfied customer. Argentina may require more intervention from management in handling a similar situation. Masculinity is a dimension that is within ten units of each other. Both countries feel the need to be the "winner" or the best that they can be. As a result, it is common place to have a system in place that tracks the performance of employees. In terms of customer service, management identifies metrics to define good customer service. Employees are monitored and routinely scored based on these metrics. Management would let the employee be aware of their score and at times provide feedback. The purpose of this is to drive the employee to outperform the expectations of management. This could positively impact customer service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
40. Impact of the Gender Identity Law in Argentinean transgender women.
- Author
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Arístegui, Inés, Radusky, Pablo D., Zalazar, Virginia, Romero, Marcela, Schwartz, Jessica, and Sued, Omar
- Subjects
GENDER identity laws ,CIVIL rights ,DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) ,FOCUS groups ,SENSORY perception ,SELF-efficacy ,SOCIAL stigma ,THEMATIC analysis ,TRANSGENDER people ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Background: In May 2012, collective efforts led to the enactment of a Gender Identity Law in Argentina. This is a particularly progressive law, based on human rights principles, as it is the first in the world to recognize a person's gender identity without any preconditions. However, studies that evaluate its impact on the transgender community (positive outcomes as well as barriers to implementation) have been scant. Thus, the following study investigated the impact of the implementation of the Argentinean Gender Identity Law on the living conditions, plus it explored stigma and discrimination (S&D) experiences of transgender women. Method: Two focus groups, with 20 transgender women, were conducted. Recordings were transcribed and a thematic analysis of the transcripts was performed according to the following categories: general perceived impact of the Law, work and education, security and civil rights, health services, and perceived differences among regions and provinces. Results: After the Law's enactment, participants mostly perceived positive changes, in general, and in particular domains such as education, health care, work, security, and civil rights. A general empowering effect on the community can be inferred. However, barriers to full implementation were identified, both internal and subjective (age, internalized stigma) and external (lack of trained professionals and public servants, reluctance to implementation in conservative provinces). Discussion: This study provides the first evaluation of the implementation and impact of the Gender Identity Law in Argentina from the point of view of transgender women. The empowering effect and the improvements achieved provide preliminary information on the importance of adopting this type of policy. Additionally, the barriers to be overcome and recommendations for the future are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Past, present, and future of neuropsychology in Argentina.
- Author
-
Fernandez, Alberto Luis, Ferreres, Aldo, Morlett-Paredes, Alejandra, Rivera, Diego, and Arango-Lasprilla, Juan Carlos
- Subjects
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY ,MEDICAL care ,MEDICAL offices ,PSYCHOLOGY ,CAREER development ,EVALUATION of medical education ,MEDICAL personnel ,TWENTIETH century ,HISTORY ,EMPLOYMENT - Abstract
Objective: To describe the history, current situation, and future challenges of Argentinian neuropsychology.Method: A brief historical description highlighting the most representative authors and publications is made. In addition, a survey was administered to a sample of 135 neuropsychologists practicing neuropsychology in Argentina. The survey explored the current neuropsychological practices among the respondents.Results: Results show that most Argentinian neuropsychologists are: psychologists, women, and work in the clinical field in the country’s major cities. Besides, the practice of neuropsychology is mostly unregulated with few training opportunities.Conclusions: Argentinian neuropsychology emerged from neurology in the early twentieth century and slowly progressed until the 1960s when the first organized research groups were created. Since then, a substantial and steady progress followed. However, more training opportunities and a better regulation of the discipline are needed. No similar studies have been conducted in the past, thus becoming one of the first to describe the development of neuropsychology in Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Psychiatry and humanism in Argentina.
- Author
-
Niño Amieva, Alejandra
- Subjects
HISTORY of psychiatry ,HUMANISM ,PHILOSOPHY ,PSYCHOLOGY ,PSYCHOTHERAPISTS ,LEADERS - Abstract
The authors of the present selection of Latin American Psychiatry texts were characterized by a common deep humanistic attitude. These prolific writers were able to establish or extend the scope of the discipline in which they chose to act, questioning the establishment of rigid boundaries within the framework of a rigorous epistemological reflection. Thus the systematizing spirit of Jose Ingenieros' in the context of positivist evolutionism, resulted in the act of founding a discipline that integrated the biological and the social. In the case of Guillermo Vidal his conception of mental health went beyond the biomedical to consider psychotherapies as an emotional commitment, continence and empathic understanding; with regard to César Cabral his formation and extensive clinical practice resulted in a work defined by the inquiring into the theoretical concepts underlying Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. This brief selection does not exhaust the issues or the level of ideas and discussions of Psychiatry in Argentina, but constitutes a textual corpus representative of a disciplinary conception understood as scientific and humanistic endeavor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Doing Gender in a Toxic World. Women and Freebase Cocaine in the City of Buenos Aires (Argentina).
- Author
-
Romo-Avilés, Nuria, Camarotti, Ana Clara, Tarragona, Alicia, and Touris, Cecilia
- Subjects
SUBSTANCE abuse & psychology ,WOMEN'S health ,COCAINE ,GENDER identity ,INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH funding ,SOCIAL isolation ,QUALITATIVE research ,PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Consumption of freebase cocaine in Argentina has been investigated among males but not females. This qualitative study focuses on the complexity of relationships between gender identity and the use of drugs, investigating freebase cocaine as an example in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina. In-depth interviews were conducted with female consumers in 2010. The results reveal the different ways in which female identity is constructed in the context of social vulnerability. We identify ways of doing gender and feeling like a woman in a man's world that are associated with a higher risk of violence and exclusion for being female. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Social Perceptions About Community Life with People with Mental Illness: Study of a Discharge Program in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.
- Author
-
Ardila-Gómez, Sara, Ares-Lavalle, Guadalupe, Fernández, Marina, Hartfiel, María, Borelli, Mariana, Canales, Valeria, and Stolkiner, Alicia
- Subjects
MENTAL illness ,CHI-squared test ,PHENOMENOLOGY ,RESEARCH methodology ,PRACTICAL politics ,PSYCHIATRIC hospitals ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SOCIAL attitudes ,RESIDENTIAL patterns ,DISCHARGE planning ,INDEPENDENT living ,INTER-observer reliability ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,DATA analysis software ,ATTITUDES toward mental illness ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Effects of living near people with mental illness in community settings have been researched as part of psychiatric reform evaluation. However, these studies have been carried out mostly in industrialized countries, where social contexts differ from those in which psychiatric reform is now being implemented. To analyze the effects of community life with people with mental illness in the neighborhoods in which they live, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. A questionnaire was administered to randomly-selected neighbors of group homes of a discharge program and an equivalent control area (n = 236). Data was analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Significant differences were found between being a neighbor and having a high degree of acceptance toward people with mental illness. In addition, significant associations were found between neighbors having a high-perceived social cohesion and having a high level of acceptance toward the mentally ill. Living near people with mental illness is associated with better acceptance toward them; these results are congruent with those results found in other cultural contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Satisfaction With Life, Well-Being, and Meaning in Life as Protective Factors of Eating Disorder Symptoms and Body Dissatisfaction in Adolescents.
- Author
-
Góngora, Vanesa C.
- Subjects
EATING disorders ,LEANNESS ,LIFE ,QUALITY of life ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SATISFACTION ,SELF-perception ,T-test (Statistics) ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ADOLESCENCE ,DISEASE risk factors ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship among three potential protective factors: satisfaction with life, three routes to well-being and meaning in life, and eating disorder symptoms and body dissatisfaction in male and female adolescents. The sample was composed of 247 adolescent students aged 13 to 18 years. The findings of this study support the protective roles of satisfaction with life and engagement as routes to well-being in male adolescents and particularly in female adolescents. Positive interventions to promote satisfaction with life and engagement in activities in school are highly recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Moral perception of the economy and wealth in peasants' worldview.
- Author
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Landini, Fernando Pablo
- Subjects
PEASANTS ,MARKET capitalization ,CAPITALISM ,AGRICULTURAL laborers - Abstract
The peasant economic rationale differs profoundly from that which characterises market capitalism. Amongst the many differences between the two is the peasants' tendency to interpret economic processes in moral terms and to judge them in the context of communal, hierarchical relationships. This article presents the results of an investigation carried out in Argentina dedicated to understanding peasants' worldview. Some significant findings are peasants' tendency to: associate wealth with a moral deficit, interpret the commercialisation processes of their harvest in terms of expropriation and to affirm the right of all people to live in a dignified manner, a view which presupposes that those who have more wealth lend assistance to those in need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Influence of history in the encounter of guests and hosts.
- Author
-
Korstanje, MaximilianoE.
- Subjects
TOURISM research ,BOUNDARY disputes ,CHILEANS ,ARGENTINES ,PSYCHOLOGY ,TRAVEL ,GEOGRAPHIC boundaries - Abstract
The article presents a study on the impact of boundary disputes between Chile and Argentina from 1855 to 1994 to Argentine practitioners and Chilean tourists' relationship. It states that a close-ended questionnaire was administered to 61 well-staffed practitioners in tourism, aged 25 to 55 years old. Results show that Chilean tourists are considered aggressive by 60.65% of the respondents, while 70.49% and 73.77% want to improve Brazil and Chile's liaison.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS EN ARGENTINA Y LA FORMACIÓN DEL PSICÓLOGO.
- Author
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Parisí, Elio Rodolfo
- Subjects
- *
PSYCHOLOGY education , *POLITICAL psychology , *PSYCHOLOGY , *RESEARCH ,SOCIAL aspects - Abstract
Se presenta una conferencia sobre la enseñanza de la psicología en las universidades públicas de Argentina, presentada en el Quinto Congreso Multidisciplinario de Salud Comunitaria del Mercosur, celebrado en San Luis, Argentina, en septiembre de 2010. El autor discute el concepto de psicología política, así como la psicología como objeto de investigación. El autor concluye que existe una desvinculación de la enseñanza de la psicología con la realidad social que le rodea.
- Published
- 2011
49. Crecer en movimiento. Abordaje etnográfico del desarrollo infantil en comunidades Mbya (Argentina).
- Author
-
Remorini, Carolina
- Subjects
ETHNOLOGY research ,CHILD rearing ,CHILD development ,MOTOR ability in children ,CHILDREN'S health ,IDENTITY (Psychology) ,SOCIOLOGY ,ANTHROPOLOGY ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The article presents the ethnographic research conducted on Mbya communities in Argentina which examines the practices related to child rearing and development during the first stages of life. It explores the Mbya linguistic categories, values, and representations concerning growth and development processes as well as on motor function which is considered as a basis of growth and health. It examines the relationship between health, movement, and identity. It also highlights the results of the research within the frame of concepts and views from various disciplines including sociology, anthropology, and psychology.
- Published
- 2010
50. Perfiles motivacionales y diferencias en variables afectivas, motivacionales y de logro.
- Author
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VALLE ARIAS, ANTONIO, RODRÍGUEZ, SUSANA, CABANACH, RAMÓN G., CARLOS NÚÑEZ PÉREZ, JOSÉ, ANTONIO GONZÁLEZ PIENDA, JULIO, and ROSARIO, PEDRO
- Subjects
MOTIVATION research ,ACADEMIC achievement ,COLLEGE student attitudes ,PSYCHOLOGY of learning ,EDUCATION ,EDUCATIONAL psychology ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
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- Published
- 2010
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