38 results
Search Results
2. Theoretical underpinnings of state institutionalisation of inclusion and struggles in collective health in Latin America.
- Author
-
Mahmood, Qamar and Muntaner, Carles
- Subjects
POLITICAL participation ,DECISION making ,HEALTH care reform ,HUMAN rights ,INSTITUTIONAL care ,EMPLOYEE participation in management ,PRACTICAL politics ,PUBLIC health administration ,SOCIAL isolation ,SOCIAL norms ,SOCIAL participation ,WORK environment ,WORLD health ,FINANCIAL management ,LABELING theory ,COMMUNITY-based social services ,HUMAN services programs ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Community participation as a strategy in health aims to increase the role of citizens in health decision-making which are contextualised within the institutions of democracy. Electoral representation as the dominant model of democracy globally is based on the elite theory of democracy that sees political decision-making a prerogative of political elites. Such political elitism is counter to the idea of democratic participation. Neoliberalism together with elitism in political sphere have worsened social inequities by undermining working class interests. Latin America has seen adverse consequences of these social inequities. In response, social movements representing collective struggles of organised citizens arose in the region. This paper explores the theoretical underpinnings of democratic participation in contemporary Latin American context at the nexus of emerging social movement activism and policy responses. The paper will use empirical examples to highlight how such democratic practices at the societal level evolved while demanding political inclusion. These societal democratic practices in Latin America are redefining democracy, which continues to be seen in the political sphere only. Health reforms promoting participatory democracy in several Latin American countries have demonstrated that establishing institutions and mechanisms of democratic participation facilitate collective participation by the organised citizenry in state affairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The unintended consequences of sex education: an ethnography of a development intervention in Latin America.
- Author
-
Nelson, Erica, Edmonds, Alexander, Ballesteros, Marco, Encalada Soto, Diana, and Rodriguez, Octavio
- Subjects
SEX education ,COMMUNICATION ,CONTENT analysis ,FOCUS groups ,SEXUAL health ,INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH methodology ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,PARENT-child relationships ,RESEARCH evaluation ,RESEARCH funding ,ADOLESCENT health ,ADULT education workshops ,ETHNOLOGY research ,REPRODUCTIVE health ,FIELD research ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper is an ethnography of a four-year, multi-disciplinary adolescent sexual and reproductive health intervention in Bolivia, Nicaragua and Ecuador. An important goal of the intervention – and of the larger global field of adolescent sexual and reproductive health – is to create more open parent-to-teen communication. This paper analyzes the project's efforts to foster such communication and how social actors variously interpreted, responded to, and repurposed the intervention's language and practices. While the intervention emphasized the goal of ‘open communication,’ its participants more often used the term ‘confianza’ (trust). This norm was defined in ways that might – or might not – include revealing information about sexual activity. Questioning public health assumptions about parent–teen communication on sex, in and of itself, is key to healthy sexual behavior, the paper explores a pragmatics of communication on sex that includes silence, implied expectations, gendered conflicts, and temporally delayed knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Academic Fragilities in a Marketised Age: The Case of Chile.
- Author
-
Guzmán-Valenzuela, Carolina and Barnett, Ronald
- Subjects
HIGHER education ,IDENTITY (Psychology) ,SCHOLARS ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,FRAGILITY (Psychology) ,HIGHER education & economics ,CAPITALISM ,PSYCHOLOGY of college teachers ,PRIVATE universities & colleges ,PSYCHOLOGY ,CAPITALISM & society - Abstract
Academics are confronted with multiple and conflicting narratives as to what it is to be an academic. Their identities, however, are not entirely of their own making. Through a qualitative study, and deploying a social realist perspective, this paper analyses academic identities in Chile and attempts to locate the patterns of identity in the context of a marketised higher education system. The data were collected in both a state and a private university. The results suggest that distinct kinds of fragilities may be emerging among Chilean academics (ontological and contractual fragilities). These two fragilities can be traced to the attendant structures of the university system at an institutional level (reputational fragility in the public sector and a branding fragility in the private sector). The paper concludes by observing that, although the power of the structures is considerable, there are still spaces for agentic responses. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. How coloniality shapes the making of Latin American psychologists: ethnographic evidence from Ecuador.
- Author
-
Capella Palacios, Manuel and Jadhav, Sushrut
- Subjects
DISCOURSE analysis ,INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH methodology ,MENTAL health ,PARTICIPANT observation ,PHOTOGRAPHY ,PRACTICAL politics ,PSYCHOLOGISTS ,SOCIAL psychology ,VIDEO recording ,ETHNOLOGY research ,PROFESSIONAL identity ,SOCIAL media - Abstract
This paper provides ethnographic evidence on how coloniality shapes the making of Latin American psychologists. A critical ethnography was conducted at a psychology training institution in Ecuador, consisting of twelve months of participant observation; forty-one semi-structured interviews; and analysis of academic discourse, photos, videos and relevant social media content. The research was guided by the tradition of Critical Psychology – specifically Liberation Psychology – and Critical Discourse Analysis. Findings suggest the pervasiveness of coloniality in the making of Ecuadorian psychologists and, hypothetically, of others in Latin America and the wider Global South. Interpretations also highlight the non-essentialist, non-dichotomist, 'messy' nature of such processes, a consideration which may advance current ethical and analytical debates on decolonisation. Echoing ongoing critical arguments, authors suggest that a 'help-as-war' metaphor is a category with potential value to contribute to such advancement, an approach that has important theoretical and pragmatic implications for researchers and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. 'Yes, we have bananas!'.
- Author
-
ANA MARIA ANDRADE AZEVEDO, ANA MARIA STUCCHI VANNUCCHI, and ESTER HADASSA SANDLER
- Subjects
PSYCHOANALYSIS ,PREJUDICES ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper takes as its starting point identifying markers of Latin American psychoanalysis. The authors see this theme as a compromise between two diverging approaches. On one hand, the conference at which the content was presented provided the opportunity for Latin American psychoanalytical thinking to be discussed and, as a reward to the best papers, to be published. On the other, both the conference and the reward are more indicative of the observers biases than of the objects peculiarities. The authors consider that the conference mistakenly focused on the search for minor differences (secondary identi? cations) instead of looking for invariances (identities). Considering that uncertainty, pluralism and complexity are issues relevant to the whole of psychoanalysis in its current stage of development as a scienti? c discipline, the authors think that treating these elements as identifying markers of Latin American psychoanalysis is evidence of prejudice brought about by a colonisercolonised relationship. To develop their argument, the authors discuss a paper on editorial criteria by Tuckett as a clinical case, and use an episode of Brazilian history as further illustration. They address issues such as conformity to cultural patterns; the search for certainties and proofs; the domination of some groups over others; and editorial powermore speci? cally, its in? uence on the acceptance or rejection of scienti? c ideas. These issues have distracted attention away from the fundamentals of psychoanalysis by introducing other, extraneous aims. Publication plays a key role in feeding a possibly vicious circle wherein only a small proportion of scienti? c contributions manages to reach a wide audienceexactly those contributions that conform to established patterns. The act of publication turns that portion into of? cial knowledge, while unpublished ideas become increasingly excluded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Entablando vinculaciones entre la sociedad de consumo, las sensibilidades y las políticas sociales desde el sur global.
- Author
-
Dettano, Andrea and del Pilar Lava, María
- Subjects
CONDITIONAL cash transfer programs ,CONSUMERISM -- Social aspects ,ARGENTINE social conditions ,SOCIAL policy ,SOCIOLOGY of emotions ,NEOCOLONIALISM ,TWENTY-first century ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Boletin Científico Sapiens Research is the property of Sapiens Research Group EU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
8. Reproductive governance in Latin America.
- Author
-
Morgan, LynnM. and Roberts, ElizabethF.S.
- Subjects
HUMAN reproduction ,ABORTION ,ETHICS ,ETHNOLOGY ,HUMAN reproductive technology ,HUMAN rights ,IMMIGRANTS ,JURISPRUDENCE ,POLITICAL participation ,PRACTICAL politics ,POPULATION ,RESPONSIBILITY ,LABELING theory ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper develops the concept of reproductive governance as an analytic tool for tracing the shifting political rationalities of population and reproduction. As advanced here, the concept of reproductive governance refers to the mechanisms through which different historical configurations of actors – such as state, religious, and international financial institutions, NGOs, and social movements – use legislative controls, economic inducements, moral injunctions, direct coercion, and ethical incitements to produce, monitor, and control reproductive behaviours and population practices. Examples are drawn from Latin America, where reproductive governance is undergoing a dramatic transformation as public policy conversations are coalescing around new moral regimes and rights-based actors through debates about abortion, emergency contraception, sterilisation, migration, and assisted reproductive technologies. Reproductive discourses are increasingly framed through morality and contestations over ‘rights’, where rights-bearing citizens are pitted against each other in claiming reproductive, sexual, indigenous, and natural rights, as well as the ‘right to life’ of the unborn. The concept of reproductive governance can be applied to other settings in order to understand shifting political rationalities within the domain of reproduction. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Ten simple rules for successfully completing a graduate degree in Latin America.
- Author
-
Ruelas Inzunza, Ernesto, Salazar-Rivera, Gabriela I., Láinez, Magdiel, Ruiz-Gómez, María Guadalupe, Domínguez-Eusebio, Carlo A., Cristóbal-Sánchez, Griselda, Teodosio Faustino, Issaac A., Pérez-López, Edel, Campbell, Meagan L., Merfa, Marcus Vinicius, Latorre Beltrán, Ivonne Tatiana, Armas, Fernanda, and Mota-Vargas, Claudio
- Subjects
GRADUATE education ,LIFE science education ,LIFE sciences ,SCHOLARSHIPS ,EDUCATION - Abstract
This article offers tips for students to complete a graduate degree in biological sciences in Latin America. Topics discussed include the features that underlie the performance of graduate programs around the world, the importance of investigating the graduate program and the adviser, scholarship programs for graduate students, and the need to follow administrative procedures from admission to graduation.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. THE CROSS-CULTURAL APPLICATION OF THE ADJECTIVAL CHECK LIST ADJUSTMENT INDEX: A PRELIMINARY REPORT.
- Author
-
Trent, R. D., Fernandez-Marina, R., and Maldonado-Sierra, E. D.
- Subjects
PEOPLE with neurosis ,PSYCHOLOGY ,SELF-acceptance ,ETHNOLOGY ,SOCIETIES ,ETHNOPSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The aim of this brief paper has been to describe a Spanish adjectival check list adjustment index which might be employed on a cross-sectional basis. The check list clearly discriminated between the neurotic experimental subjects and the healthier controls for all four scoring indices employed: the indices of self-criticality, proportional differences, self-acceptance, and the ideal self-actual self discrepancy index. From our theoretical position, the IICL method appears to meet the criterion of relevance. In addition, the adjectival checking method possesses rational or logical validity. If linguistic pre-tests are made to compensate for colloquial usage and to adjust for the local psychological implications of the terms as employed in other societies, we would propose that the adjectival check list may be validly applied as an adjustment index to other Latin American societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1960
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Southerly winds: Family therapy and Latin America.
- Author
-
Nichterlein, Maria
- Subjects
FAMILY psychotherapy ,PSYCHOLOGY ,THEORY of knowledge ,CONCEPTUAL structures - Abstract
This article serves as a conversational and conceptual introduction to this special issue. It is written not in Latin America – as the other articles are – but in Australia and it is written by a Chilean who left Chile due to the ravages that the 16 year long dictatorship had on those lands. Using reflections on my experience – as a citizen and later as a student in psychology and in family therapy – both in that country and since, I touch on post‐colonial issues and on epistemic violence to interrogate 'invisibilities' held in mainstream forms of knowledge in the field, invisibilities that come to us from the Western North. Using references to the work of Edward Said and Gabriel García Márquez, the article invites us to review core assumptions and postures in the conceptual frame of systemic work and proposes a methodology that supports alternative forms of knowledge – knowledges of the South – to forge a voice, a resistance to globalising tendencies that threaten to undermine the work we strive to do. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Cooperation in the Latin American behavioral sciences: Motivation, evaluation and difficulties.
- Author
-
Garcia, Agnaldo, López-López, Wilson, Acevedo-Triana, César A., and Ferro Bucher-Maluschke, Júlia Sursis Nobre
- Subjects
- *
PSYCHOLOGY , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *COOPERATIVE research , *PSYCHOLOGICAL research , *PARTNERSHIPS in education , *PSYCHOLOGISTS , *PSYCHOLOGY education , *BEHAVIORAL sciences - Abstract
This study investigated the motivation for establishing partnerships, how these partnerships are evaluated, and the difficulties encountered in the partnerships among Latin-American researchers in behavioral sciences. A hundred Latin-American researchers who had published scientific work indexed in Psycinfo in which another author from the continent participated. The participants answered a questionnaire on the above-mentioned topics. The results indicated that the main reasons for establishing partnerships with other Latin-Americans were to seek broader and more significant results and increased productivity or the visibility and recognition of production. As regards the evaluation of the results of the partnership, most participants indicated that the partnership has resulted in an increase in publications and publications of higher scientific level and greater visibility. Several difficulties were recognized, which in general, were access and communication in order to maintain the partnership. The main difficulties in conducting research were related to the final writing of the paper, as an article, chapter or other, as well as data collection. In terms of work infrastructure, the main barriers were financial constraints and lack of time to devote to the partnership. It can be concluded that the main reasons to cooperate are qualitative and quantitative advances, and that the difficulties in the partnerships are secondary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. The Social Psychology of Latin American Economic History.
- Author
-
Hira, Anil
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL psychology , *ECONOMIC history , *ECONOMICS ,LATIN American economy - Abstract
In this paper, I seek to extend the Denzau and North Shared Mental Models framework to consider elements from social network, social psychology, leadership psychology, Foucauldian, and cultural theories. I focus on exploring the links between leadership, paradigms (SMMs), economic policy results, and political legitimacy. I then apply these elements to Latin American economic history, finding that there are cultural patterns of value prioritization. The incompatibility between certain values and outcomes in Latin American economic history helps to uncover patterns of economic policy activity and change. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
14. A Mujerista Liberation Psychology Perspective on Testimonio to Cultivate Decolonial Healing.
- Author
-
Fernández, Jesica Siham
- Subjects
WELL-being ,RECOGNITION (Psychology) ,MOTHERS ,FRIENDSHIP ,PRACTICAL politics ,FEMINISM ,PSYCHOLOGY ,SOCIAL justice ,COMMUNITIES ,MENTORING ,THEORY of knowledge ,HOPE ,UNDERGRADUATES ,THEMATIC analysis ,STUDENT attitudes ,STORYTELLING - Abstract
Grounded in a liberation psychology mujerista epistemology and a decolonial feminist standpoint, the article describes the development and application of testimonio as a resource toward healing. The application of this resource goes beyond the classroom to include clinical settings. By bridging Latin America liberation psychology within LatCrit theory, the article describes testimonio as a decolonial feminist mujerista strategy to cultivate decolonial healing through storytelling. Healing is conceptualized as a process of reconstituting the self, individually, relationally, and collectively, through life stories. Extending this definition, decolonial healing is experiencing community well-being through relational critically reflexive dialogues that facilitate a critical social analysis, mutual reciprocal recognitions, and radical hope. Building on evidence that identifies testimonio as a pedagogical and methodological tool, this article purports that the sociopolitical process of testimoniar can serve as a therapeutic mujerista strategy to support community well-being. The sociopolitical elements of testimonio toward decolonial healing experiences, as a potential therapeutic resource, are discussed through a thematic analysis of Latinx students' reflections featured in their Testimoniando El Presente essay assignment. Testimonios were conducted with their mothers, friends, siblings, or mentors and written within in the context of an online undergraduate course. Through an analysis of Latinx students' written reflections, evidence in support of mujerista strategies like testimonio that can complement existing decolonial practices and healing therapies are discussed. The conclusion offers an invitation to engage a mujerista epistemology, specifically adapting testimonio as a resource to support decolonial healing among Latinx students living in precarious times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. LA ATENCIÓN DE LA SALUD MENTAL EN LA IGLESIA CATÓLICA. ASPECTOS SOCIALES, ESPIRITUALES Y MORALES EN UN SERVICIO PSICOEDUCATIVO.
- Author
-
Funes, Mariángeles and Sarudiansky, Mercedes
- Subjects
- *
MENTAL illness treatment , *CATHOLIC health facilities , *MENTAL health & religion , *PSYCHOLOGY , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *CHRISTIANITY , *RELIGION - Abstract
In this paper we conduct the study of Healing Social Network, an NGO which provides psycho-educational service for the prevention and treatment of problems such as anxiety and depression, inspiring their mission in the model of Jesus, the Good Samaritan. The goal we have set is to investigate the relationships established between the sacred and health care -especially mental health- and analyze the resolution of problems through the official medicine in connection with the Catholic Church. We will also use the testimony of a user of the network in order to investigate the interaction between health practices related to physical, spiritual and moral states from the perspective of those who use this psychoeducational service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
16. Análisis Bibliométrico de la Revista Anuario de Psicología Jurídica entre 1991-2019.
- Author
-
Tortosa-Pérez, Macarena, González-Sala, Francisco, Osca-Lluc, Julia, Lloret-Sirerol, Carlos, and Alfaro-Ferreres, Elisa
- Subjects
BIBLIOMETRICS ,LEGAL psychology ,LAW periodicals ,COOPERATIVE research ,FORENSIC psychology ,AUTHORSHIP collaboration ,LEGAL testimony - Abstract
Copyright of Anuario de Psicología Jurídica is the property of Colegio Oficial de Psicologos de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Migration of Latin American nurses to Spain 2006–2016: a case study.
- Author
-
Pastor‐Bravo, M. and Nelson, S.
- Subjects
RELOCATION ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,COMPARATIVE studies ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,OCCUPATIONAL achievement ,NURSES ,FOREIGN nurses ,RECESSIONS ,RESEARCH ,EMPLOYEES' workload ,CONTENT mining ,DATA analysis software ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Aim: To examine the migration of nurses from Latin America to Spain over the period from 2006 to 2016. Background: This study examines the impact of the 2008 global economic crisis on migration flows of nurses to Spain from its major source countries of Latin America. Methods: Using an exploratory case study, we present original data provided by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport of the Government of Spain upon request on applications and success rates for credential recognition of nurses intending to immigrate to Spain, with an extended analysis of Latin American applications which account for the 70% of skilled worker migration to Spain. Results: Successful applications for credential recognition of overseas nursing qualifications plummeted from a peak of 1384 in 2007 to 55 in 2016. Migration intentionality also decreased but has undergone a slight increase in recent years. Discussion/Conclusion: We found that the economic crisis effectively closed the door to internationally educated nurses to work as nurses in Spain. Moreover, the denial of official recognition of nursing credentials appears to be unaffected by the existence of bilateral trade and mobility agreements between Spain and source countries. We conclude that the level of nursing migration to Spain is a sensitive indicator of domestic labour market conditions. Implications for health policy: Despite the lack of any transparent policy on the credential approvals, in practice the government is limiting access to the nursing labour market by overseas education nurses. We urge that attention be paid by health human resource planners on the intersection between labour market and migration trends to support a transparent and data‐informed discussion by all stakeholders on the current state of the nursing labour market in Spain and its future needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Comparative analysis of aging policy reforms in Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, and Mexico.
- Author
-
Calvo, Esteban, Berho, Maureen, Roqué, Mónica, Amaro, Juan Sebastián, Morales-Martinez, Fernando, Rivera-Meza, Emiliana, Gutiérrez Robledo, Luis Miguel F., López, Elizabeth Caro, Canals, Bernardita, and Kornfeld, Rosa
- Subjects
POLICY sciences ,AGING ,COMPARATIVE studies ,HEALTH care reform ,CASE studies ,HEALTH policy ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This investigation uses case studies and comparative analysis to review and analyze aging policy in Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, and Mexico and uncovers similarities and relevant trends in the substance of historical and current aging policy across countries. Initial charity-based approaches to poverty and illness have been gradually replaced by a rights-based approach considering broader notions of well-being, and recent reforms emphasize the need for national, intersectoral, evidence-based policy. The results of this study have implications for understanding aging policy in Latin America from a welfare regime and policy makers' perspective, identifying priorities for intervention and informing policy reforms in developing countries worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Father Absence and the Reverse Gender Gap in Latin American Education.
- Author
-
DeRose, Laurie F., Huarcaya, Gloria, and Salazar-Arango, Andrés
- Subjects
GENDER differences (Sociology) ,ACHIEVEMENT gap ,EDUCATION ,ABSENTEE fathers ,LOW-income students ,EDUCATION of boys ,EDUCATION of girls ,AGE distribution ,FATHER-child relationship ,HIGH schools ,SEX distribution ,SINGLE parents ,SURVEYS ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Recent work on gender differences in academic performance in wealthy countries highlights the importance of family structure: Boys’ education suffers more than girls’ education does when biological fathers are absent. We explored whether high rates of father absence in Latin America and the Caribbean might help explain why girls in the region have been more likely than boys to complete secondary school for decades. Data from the Demographic and Health Surveys instead demonstrated that the effect of father absence did not differ between boys and girls. The reverse gender gap in Latin American education cannot be explained by father absence compromising boys’ on-time progression at ages 9 to 14 more than girls’. In the United States and other high-income countries, boys are particularly disadvantaged by father absence in poorer households, but in Latin America and the Caribbean poorer households may have higher levels of promale bias that offset any similar pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Historical, Sociopolitical, and Mental Health Implications of Forcible Separations in Young Migrant Latin American Children and Their Families.
- Author
-
Noroña, Carmen Rosa, Velasco-Hodgson, M. Carolina, Flores, Luis E., and Eiduson, Rose
- Subjects
MENTAL illness risk factors ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,EMOTIONAL trauma ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,HOPE ,MENTAL health services ,PARENT-child relationships ,PRACTICAL politics ,SAFETY ,SELF-efficacy ,AT-risk people ,CAREGIVER attitudes ,NOMADS ,FAMILY attitudes ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This article will address immigration as a psychosocial event and will describe the different stages of the immigration process, when immigration becomes traumatic, and how each immigration stage can place vulnerable Latin American families at high risk for traumatic stress. It will explore pre-migration experiences and the factors bringing young families to cross the United States--Mexico border. The authors discuss (a) the long- and short-term effects of family separations on young children and their caregivers and (b) trauma- and diversity-informed interventions targeted at increasing safety, empowerment, and hope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
21. Epidemiology of alcohol consumption and related problems in Latin American countries: Contributions of psychology.
- Author
-
Cremonte, Mariana, Biscarra, Maria Ayelén, Conde, Karina, and Cherpitel, Cheryl J.
- Subjects
ALCOHOL drinking ,PATHOLOGICAL psychology ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
Alcohol consumption is the leading risk factor for morbi‐mortality in many Latin American Countries. However, epidemiologic studies are relatively scarce. Among factors such as limited research capacity, disciplinary traditions and an emphasis on psychopathology within the field of psychology, have been postulated to account for this. The aim of this article is to review epidemiologic research on alcohol in Spanish Speaking Latin American Countries, and to measure the contribution of psychology to the field. A systematic search was performed in English and Spanish using regional and international data bases. We identified 269 articles. Most focused on consumption patterns in youth, with samples from a single school and using a variety of measures. With the exception of multinational efforts like Emergency Room Collaborative Alcohol Analysis Project or those supported by World Health Organization/Pan American Health Organization, studies reviewed reflected little cross country collaboration. Mexico accounted for most of the productivity, while many countries had very few or no articles. Most research was performed by health science researchers with a small contribution from psychology, but which increased significantly over time. The results of this review provide a broad identification of patterns regarding epidemiologic research on alcohol, and demonstrate the need for national scientific policies to promote research on public health topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Attitudes toward public pensions in Chile, Uruguay, and Venezuela: Testing self-interest and political ideology theories in Latin American countries.
- Author
-
Pederson, JoEllen and Shekha, K. Russell
- Subjects
POLICY sciences ,PUBLIC opinion ,CHI-squared test ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,PENSIONS ,PROBABILITY theory ,PUBLIC welfare ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,ODDS ratio ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The historical strength of Latin American public pension systems and the changes many countries are making in the contemporary period warrant understanding attitudes about public pensions in Latin America. Data were examined for three countries: Chile, Uruguay, and Venezuela, to see whether commonly tested welfare state theories explain individual differences in attitudes in these countries. Using basic multilevel modeling techniques, we find both individual- and country-level differences in attitudes toward government responsibility for and spending on public pensions. Understanding what predicts these attitudes in Latin America will help improve approaches to social welfare in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. The Role of Ethnicity and Acculturation in Preoperative Distress in Parents of Children Undergoing Surgery.
- Author
-
Stevenson, Robert, Rosales, Alvina, Fortier, Michelle, Campos, Belinda, Golianu, Brenda, Zuk, Jeannie, Gold, Jeffrey, and Kain, Zeev
- Subjects
ADENOIDECTOMY ,TONSILLECTOMY ,IMMIGRANTS ,ACCULTURATION ,ANALYSIS of variance ,ANXIETY ,BIRTHPLACES ,ETHNIC groups ,HISPANIC Americans ,LANGUAGE & languages ,MEDICAL cooperation ,PARENTS ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RACE ,REGRESSION analysis ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICS ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,WHITE people ,DATA analysis ,STATE-Trait Anxiety Inventory ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This study examined the effects of acculturation on anxiety and stress in Latino and non-Latino white parents of children undergoing outpatient surgery. Participants included 686 parent-child dyads from four major children's hospitals in the United States. Latino parents who grew up in the U.S. reported higher levels of anxiety ( p = 0.009) and stress ( p < 0.001) compared to parents who grew up in a Latin American country. Additionally, English-speaking Latino parents reported higher anxiety and stress compared to both Spanish-speaking Latino and non-Latino white parents ( p's < 0.05), whereas Spanish-speaking Latino and non-Latino white parents reported similar levels of stress and anxiety. Results of the current study were consistent with the immigrant health paradox in that more acculturated Latino parents reported higher levels of anxiety and stress than less acculturated Latino and non-Latino white parents, supporting the need for culturally tailored interventions in the perioperative environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Understanding patient and physician perceptions of benign prostatic hyperplasia in Asia Pacific, Latin America and the Commonwealth of Independent States: the Prostate Research on Behaviour and Education (PROBE) II survey.
- Author
-
Ertel, Phillip, Adalig, Burkay, Demircan, Ipek, Lartey, Belinda, and Manyak, Michael J
- Subjects
BENIGN prostatic hyperplasia ,COMPARATIVE studies ,DRUGS ,HEALTH attitudes ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,PATIENT compliance ,PATIENT satisfaction ,QUALITY of life ,RESEARCH ,URINARY organs ,EVALUATION research ,CROSS-sectional method ,PSYCHOLOGY ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Aim: To assess attitudes and beliefs towards benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)/ lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and its treatment among patients and physicians in Latin America, Asia Pacific and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).Methods: Cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted between December 2014 and September 2015. Separate questionnaires were administered to BPH/LUTS patients receiving drug treatment for their condition and to practising physicians who treat patients with BPH/LUTS.Results: In total, 1094 patients and 202 physicians completed a questionnaire. Most patients (61%) felt very/fairly well informed about BPH/LUTS, and 60% of physicians perceived patients to be very/somewhat informed. Overall, 70% of physicians felt that it would be valuable to raise awareness of BPH/LUTS and encourage men to consult a physician. The first symptoms most commonly noticed by patients were need to urinate more frequently, slower/weaker stream and nocturia. At first consultation, 71% of patients recalled providing a urine sample, 57% having a blood test for prostate-specific antigen and 56% a digital rectal examination being performed. Over two thirds of patients (69%) were satisfied with their current medication; highest satisfaction rates (among both patients and physicians) were reported for alpha blockers and 5ARIs, either as monotherapies or used in combination. Patients were prepared to wait longer for symptom relief in order to have a reduced risk of surgery. Most physicians (90%) thought that at least some patients believe BPH/LUTS to be a progressive condition. Most physicians thought that patients were very/fairly concerned about BPH surgery (92%) and acute urinary retention (72%); 52% of physicians thought treatment adherence was "extremely" important.Conclusions: This study provides valuable insights into the attitudes and beliefs of patients and physicians in Asia Pacific, Latin America and CIS about BPH/LUTS and its management. It also highlights areas of discordance between patient/physician perceptions and beliefs about BPH/LUTS, and potential areas of focus to improve the experience of affected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. An Analysis of the Status of Journals and Research in Psychology from Latin America.
- Author
-
VandenBos, Gary R. and Winkler, Jason M.
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGICAL research ,PSYCHOLOGY periodicals ,PSYCHOLOGISTS ,LATIN American authors - Abstract
Copyright of Psicologia: Reflexão e Critica is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. WHO LIES ABOUT ELECTORAL GIFTS?
- Author
-
DE JONGE, CHAD P. KIEWIET
- Subjects
TRUTHFULNESS & falsehood -- Social aspects ,ELECTIONS ,GIFTS -- Social aspects ,DEMOCRACY ,SOCIAL norms ,SOCIAL desirability ,COGNITIVE bias ,INCOME ,PSYCHOLOGY ,CHARTS, diagrams, etc. ,EDUCATION - Abstract
While political campaigns commonly employ clientelistic mobilization tactics during elections in developing countries, studying vote buying with mass surveys has proven difficult since respondents often will not admit to receiving a gift or favor in exchange for their votes. This study explores the degree to which respondents vary in their reporting of the receipt of goods or favors. Analysis of list experiments included in 10 surveys conducted in eight Latin American countries demonstrates the widespread prevalence of underreporting and shows that it is best predicted by three different sources of question sensitivity. First, bias is greater among respondents with higher levels of education, likely due to greater understanding and awareness of democratic norms about vote buying. Second, since vote buying is often stigmatized as resulting from poverty, those who are particularly sensitive to questions about income also prove to be much more likely to edit their answers. Finally, bias is positively associated with the degree to which the goods distributed violate democratic norms, as bias is smallest in countries in which the gifts consist largely of innocuous campaign materials and items such as clothing and food. The results not only point to probable biases in analyses conducted using direct measures of gift dispensation, but also illuminate how social attitudes about vote buying have spread in different countries in Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. RESEARCH AND PRACTICE. Transactional Sex Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Latin America: Economic, Sociodemographic, and Psychosocial Factors.
- Author
-
Oldenburg, Catherine E., Perez-Brumer, Amaya G., Biello, Katie B., Landers, Stewart J., Rosenberger, Joshua G., Novak, David S., Mayer, Kenneth H., and Mimiaga, Matthew J.
- Subjects
SEX work ,SEXUAL intercourse ,BISEXUAL people ,CHILD sexual abuse ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,STATISTICAL correlation ,GAY men ,HIV infections ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,PROBABILITY theory ,RESEARCH funding ,SEXUALLY transmitted diseases ,STATISTICS ,SURVEYS ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,UNSAFE sex ,INTIMATE partner violence ,DATA analysis software ,ATTITUDES toward sex ,ODDS ratio ,ECONOMICS ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Objectives. We assessed factors associated with engagement in transactional sex among men who have sex with men recruited from one of the largest Internet sites for men seeking social or sexual interactions with other men in Latin America. Methods. We constructed multilevel logistic regression models to analyze factors associated with engagement in transactional sex in 17 Latin American countries in 2012. Results. Of 24 051 respondents, 1732 (7.2%) reported being paid for sexual intercourse in the past 12 months. In a multivariable model, higher country-level unemployment was associated with increased odds of transactional sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.07 per 1% increase in unemployment; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00, 1.13). Individual or interpersonal factors associated with increased odds of engagement in transactional sex included self-reported HIV (AOR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.04, 1.69) or sexually transmitted infection (AOR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.11, 1.59), childhood sexual abuse history (AOR = 1.75; 95% CI = 1.48, 2.06), intimate partner violence (past 5 years, AOR = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.45, 1.95), and sexual compulsivity (AOR = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.49, 2.11). Conclusions. Structural-level economic interventions and those that address individual and interpersonal factors may improve HIV prevention efforts among men who have sex with men who engage in transactional sex. (Am J Public Health. 2015;105:e95–e102. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302402) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. LA IDEA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD PÚBLICA EN AMÉRICA LATINA: NARRACIONES EN ESCENARIOS DIVERGENTES.
- Author
-
Brunner, José Joaquín
- Subjects
UNIVERSITY & college administration ,NARRATIVES ,HIGHER education ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,THEORY of knowledge ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Educación XX1 is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. The Heterozygote Superiority Hypothesis for Polymorphic Color Vision Is Not Supported by Long-Term Fitness Data from Wild Neotropical Monkeys.
- Author
-
Fedigan, Linda M., Melin, Amanda D., Addicott, John F., and Kawamura, Shoji
- Subjects
COLOR vision ,MONKEY physiology ,BIOLOGICAL fitness ,GENETIC polymorphisms ,PHENOTYPES ,POPULATION genetics - Abstract
The leading explanatory model for the widespread occurrence of color vision polymorphism in Neotropical primates is the heterozygote superiority hypothesis, which postulates that trichromatic individuals have a fitness advantage over other phenotypes because redgreen chromatic discrimination is useful for foraging, social signaling, or predator detection. Alternative explanatory models predict that dichromatic and trichromatic phenotypes are each suited to distinct tasks. To conclusively evaluate these models, one must determine whether proposed visual advantages translate into differential fitness of trichromatic and dichromatic individuals. We tested whether color vision phenotype is a significant predictor of female fitness in a population of wild capuchins, using longterm 26 years survival and fertility data. We found no advantage to trichromats over dichromats for three fitness measures fertility rates, offspring survival and maternal survival. This finding suggests that a selective mechanism other than heterozygote advantage is operating to maintain the color vision polymorphism. We propose that attention be directed to field testing the alternative mechanisms of balancing selection proposed to explain opsin polymorphism nichedivergence, frequencydependence and mutual benefit of association. This is the first indepth, longterm study examining the effects of color vision variation on survival and reproductive success in a naturallyoccurring population of primates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Challenges and Solutions for Latin American-Trained International Medical Graduates in Psychiatry Residency.
- Author
-
Hausmann-Stabile, Carolina, Zayas, Luis H., Hauser, David, Carvajal, Carlos, Mejia, Carlina, and Nieves, Delia
- Subjects
INTERNSHIP programs ,PROFESSIONAL employee training ,ACCULTURATION ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,EXPERIENCE ,FOCUS groups ,INTERVIEWING ,FOREIGN physicians ,PSYCHIATRY ,RESEARCH funding ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,SOCIAL adjustment ,SOCIAL role ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,ETHNOLOGY research ,TRANSITIONAL programs (Education) ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Objective: Latin American-trained international medical graduates (IMGs) in psychiatry residency face multiple challenges that go beyond their medical training. These challenges call for innovative problem-solving. Although the professional development of IMGs has been discussed in the professional literature, little is written about their experiences. In this report, a group of IMGs reflect on their experiences and describe how they solved challenges. Method: Using cogenerative ethnography, four IMGs trained in Colombia, the Dominican Republic, and Mexico provided insights on their challenges and solutions while adapting to psychiatric residency training. Individual interviews, focused discussion, and written reports were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion-drawing techniques. Results: We illustrate the challenges of IMG training in psychiatry using their reflections and stories. We categorize these challenges into three domains: immigration and acculturation, social adjustment, and medical training. Quotes were selected to illustrate IMGs' challenges and coping strategies. Conclusion: Some of the combined cultural, social, and academic challenges of Latin American-trained IMGs in psychiatry residency are described. Recognizing and planning for the personal challenges of IMGs in psychiatry can enhance the transition into psychiatric training. Ultimately, improvements in IMG training converts into improved healthcare for all patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Why (post)colonialism and (de)coloniality are not enough: a post-imperialist perspective.
- Author
-
Ribeiro, GustavoLins
- Subjects
POSTCOLONIALISM ,DECOLONIZATION ,BRAZILIANS ,BRITISH colonies ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Subject position is a most important element in the politics of knowledge. Postcolonialism and the Latin American approach ‘decolonialidad del poder’ have made great contributions to the construction of critical theories which are sensitive to many of the quandaries of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. But, although they cannot be reduced to locations and settings, like other formulations, postcolonialism and decoloniality express certain sociological and historical circumstances, grosso modo, the diasporas associated with the end of the British Empire and an Andean problématique, respectively. While I value the strength of both theoretical contributions, I want to advance the idea that, in the early twenty-first century, there is a need to go beyond colonialism as a heuristical device as well as to search for new utopian horizons. I am not arguing that we need to forget history and that ideological struggles are unimportant. What I want to stress is that, currently, utopian struggles have a strategic role in face of the dearth of utopias that might galvanize the progressive imagination after the end of really existing socialism. Since I believe in the existence of global and national geopolitics of knowledge, I need to announce from the outset that I am not necessarily speaking from Brazil, nor is my position representative of a Brazilian perspective (something that may be induced by the subtitle of this article). I am speaking from the perspective of someone who has developed his professional academic career in Brasilia, the ‘new’, federal capital of Brazil, the golden jubilee of which is celebrated this year. I will argue that the prominence of the power of structuration of the postcolonial period in Brazil ended in 1960 with the opening of the modernist federal city. In this regard, critiques that are solely or almost solely based on the power of structuration of the colonial period are not enough to understand the current ideologies and projects of the Brazilian elite. In order to do that, we need to think in post-imperialist terms. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Convergence Across Divergence: Understanding the Gap in the Online News Choices of Journalists and Consumers in Western Europe and Latin America.
- Author
-
Boczkowski, Pablo J., Mitchelstein, Eugenia, and Walter, Martin
- Subjects
NEWS websites ,CONSUMER preferences ,JOURNALISTS ,GLOBALIZATION ,MASS media industry mergers ,MASS media & globalization ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations ,MASS media & international relations ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This article contributes to understanding whether there is a thematic gap between journalists' and consumers' preferences, and whether the media converge or diverge across nations. The concurrent news choices of journalists and consumers in 11 online newspapers from six countries in Western Europe and Latin America were examined. A comparison of the most prominently displayed stories on the homepages of each of these sites and the most frequently clicked stories on these sites shows a pattern of convergence across divergence: A thematic gap in the online news choices of journalists and consumers that is shared by all sites despite different levels of preference for public affairs reportage (news about political, economic, and international topics). The theoretical implications and social relevance of these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Conditional Cash Transfers for Improving Uptake of Health Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
- Author
-
Lagarde, Mylene, Haines, Andy, and Palmer, Natasha
- Subjects
INCENTIVE awards ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,PREVENTIVE medicine ,COST effectiveness ,ECONOMIC efficiency ,PATIENTS ,RURAL health services ,PATIENT education ,HEALTH behavior ,HEALTH education ,PSYCHOLOGY ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
This article offers a review of the medical policy that provides money transfers to households that comply with a set of health behaviors. Generally, the requirements are linked to attendance for preventive checkups and educational enrollment for children. Programs like this work in Latin America to help reduce the disparity in care between the wealthy and the poor and other countries are considering similar offers. The authors decided to review the process and to see if it really helps the people it is intended to benefit. The reviews found that people did get better preventive treatment under the program but wonders if the measure is cost-effective.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Latin American Indigenous Geographies of Fear: Living in the Shadow of Racism, Lack of Development, and Antiterror Measures.
- Author
-
Radcliffe, SarahA.
- Subjects
HUMAN geography ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,COUNTERTERRORISM ,RACISM ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
U.S.-dominated geographies of fear after 11 September 2001 represent indigenous peoples as potential security threats and destabilizing influences on Latin American nation-states. This article contextualizes these narratives by outlining the geographies of fear to which Latin American indigenous populations have been subjected in nation-building, resulting in restricted development opportunities and insecure livelihoods. As recent neoliberal development restructures indigenous rights, indigenous geographies of hope remain only unevenly realized. Yet, as a proclaimed alternative to development, postdevelopment approaches only partially capture the nature of indigenous geographies of hope. By critically evaluating neoliberal and postdevelopment approaches, the article ends by outlining the specific perspective geography brings to development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Marxism, Ideology and Psychology.
- Author
-
Dobles, Ignacio
- Subjects
COMMUNISM ,IDEOLOGY ,PSYCHOLOGY ,POWER (Social sciences) ,SOCIAL psychology - Abstract
The strength of Marxist theory lies in its treatment of social contradictions and conflict. Furthermore, the concept of ideology is important as an expression of social processes and the concealment of social contradictions and power; it cannot be reduced to cognitive or individual processes. The production and reproduction of ideology in everyday settings is stressed. In addition, there is a need to resist ideology as legitimization and concealment of the injustices in the social order in order to foster autonomy and the liberation of individuals and groups, as suggested in the work of the Salvadorean social psychologist Ignacio Martín-Baró and in the contributions of Paolo Freire. The task of ‘de-ideologization’ pointed out by Martín-Baró is highlighted as an important contribution to Latin American social psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Editor's Note.
- Author
-
Osofsky, Joy D.
- Subjects
PEDIATRIC literature ,PERIODICALS ,INFANT health ,PERIODICAL publishing ,INFANT psychology ,CHILD psychology ,MENTAL health ,PSYCHIATRIC research ,PSYCHOLOGY ,SERIAL publications - Abstract
Comments on the special sections of the September 1992 issue of the "Infant Mental Health Journal" from Latin America psychiatry research in the U.S. Preliminary studies with brief commentary and description of plans for future research; Expectation for readers and excitement about the initiatives on behalf of infants and families.
- Published
- 1992
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Latin American Research in Social Psychology: An Annotated Bibliography for 1976--1979.
- Author
-
Marín, Gerardo
- Subjects
SOCIAL psychology ,SOCIAL psychologists ,BIBLIOGRAPHY ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,SOCIAL groups ,PSYCHOLOGISTS ,SOCIAL interaction ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The purpose of this bibliography is to present social psychologists with a comprehensive listing of research works published between 1976 and 1979 by Latin American social psychologists. The bibliography hopes to solve some of the problems encountered by English-speaking psychologists who wish to keep abreast of recent developments in Latin America: Most of the articles are published in Spanish or Portuguese in journals that are difficult to obtain at U.S. or Canadian libraries. This bibliography joins other previous efforts to inform English-speaking psychologists of works carried out in Latin America. Foremost among these are Ardila and Finley's (1975) bibliography on Latin American psychology and Marin' s (1978, 1979, 1980) previous bibliographies on Latin American social psychology, Citations included in this bibliography met the following criteria: (1) the work was written by a Latin American or the data was collected in Latin America (throughout the bibliography, Latin America was perceived to be all countries in the .Americas excluding the United States and Canada); (2) the cover date of the publication ranged from 1976 to 1979; and (3) the theme of the article was perceived in Latin America as being within the domain of social psychology. Works are cited by topics, and alphabetically within each topic. All citations include the original title of the article or book and its English translation where appropriate. Each abstract is nonevaluative and includes the most significant aspects of the contents of each citation. Reprints of the articles can be secured by contacting the authors. Their addresses can be obtained by consulting the recent International Directory of Psychologists (Jacobson & Reinert, 1980), or by writing the author of this bibliography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Experiences of gender-based violence among female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and transgender women in Latin America and the Caribbean: a qualitative study to inform HIV programming.
- Author
-
Evens, Emily, Lanham, Michele, Santi, Karin, Cooke, Juana, Ridgeway, Kathleen, Morales, Giuliana, Parker, Caleb, Brennan, Claire, de Bruin, Marjan, Desrosiers, Pavel Chladni, Diaz, Xenia, Drago, Marta, McLean, Roger, Mendizabal, Modesto, Davis, Dirk, Hershow, Rebecca B., and Dayton, Robyn
- Subjects
HIV prevention ,SEX work ,VIOLENCE ,VIOLENCE & psychology ,GENDER ,EMOTIONS ,FRIENDSHIP ,HEALTH facilities ,HEALTH services accessibility ,HUMAN rights ,INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL personnel ,HEALTH policy ,POLICE ,POPULATION geography ,PUBLIC spaces ,SCHOOL environment ,SEX crimes ,TEACHERS ,TRANSPORTATION ,PSYCHOLOGY of women ,QUALITATIVE research ,AFFINITY groups ,HOME environment ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,LEADERS ,THEMATIC analysis ,MEN who have sex with men ,TRANSGENDER people ,SEXUAL partners ,FAMILY attitudes ,PSYCHOLOGY ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Background: Female sex workers, MSM, and transgender women—collectively referred to as key populations (KPs)—are disproportionately affected by gender-based violence (GBV) and HIV, yet little is known about the violence they face, its gender-based origins, and responses to GBV. The purpose of this study was to understand the nature and consequences of GBV experienced, to inform HIV policies and programming and to help protect KPs' human rights. Methods: Using a participatory approach, FSWs, MSM, and transgender women in Barbados, El Salvador, Trinidad and Tobago, and Haiti conducted 278 structured interviews with peers to understand their experiences of and responses to GBV. Responses to open-ended questions were coded in NVivo and analyzed using an applied thematic analysis. Results: Nearly all participants experienced some form of GBV. Emotional and economic GBV were the most commonly reported but approximately three-quarters of participants reported sexual and physical GBV and other human rights violations. The most common settings for GBV were at home, locations where sex work took place such as brothels, bars and on the street; public spaces such as parks, streets and public transport, health care centers, police stations and—for transgender women and MSM—religious settings and schools. The most common perpetrators of violence included: family, friends, peers and neighbors, strangers, intimate partners, sex work clients and other sex workers, health care workers, police, religious leaders and teachers. Consequences included emotional, physical, and sexual trauma; lack of access to legal, health, and other social services; and loss of income, employment, housing, and educational opportunities. Though many participants disclosed experiences of GBV to friends, colleagues and family, they rarely sought services following violence. Furthermore, less than a quarter of participants believed that GBV put them at risk of HIV. Conclusions: Our study found that across the four study countries, FSWs, MSM, and transgender women experienced GBV from state and non-state actors throughout their lives, and much of this violence was directly connected to rigid and harmful gender norms. Through coordinated interventions that address both HIV and GBV, this region has the opportunity to reduce the national burden of HIV while also promoting key populations' human rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.