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Seafaring is openly challenging working circumstances for females. For the last twenty-two years, females in western countries have been interested in joining the fleet, but as the captaincy roles aboard, their numbers are minimal compared to other jobs. In every working place, females always face many unusual problems, which are more in seafaring. The manuscript derives the discrimination factors of marine women officers (MWOs) onboard due to cultural (or racial) or being a woman using the experiences of 149 women officers from 18 different countries. Two experiences such as onboard discrimination due to cultural reasons (DDCR) and not being promoted in the company as being women (NPCW) for MWOs are considered the responses in the present study. It was found out that mean DDCR is positively associated with age (P=0.0313), nationality (P=0.0047), current position onboard (P=0.1051), while it is negatively associated with cohabitation (P=0.0137) and type of contract (P=0.0719). Variance of DDCR is negatively associated with male companions' support (P=0.1432). Also, mean NPCW is negatively associated with her male companions' support (P

A Educação a Distância (EaD) vem se tornando uma realidade cada vez mais comum, porém o acesso remoto tem revelado motivos determinantes para abandono ou manutenção dos estudantes. Esse estudo teve como objetivo identificar e avaliar aspectos influenciadores da evasão e permanência de estudantes do curso técnico em Meio Ambiente do IFNMG - Campus Almenara, modalidade a distância, turma com início em março de 2013 e término em março de 2015. A aplicação de questionário via e-mail e pesquisa documental aconteceram entre fevereiro e março de 2015. Nota-se que as causas centrais que fizeram os estudantes, em algum momento, pensarem em desistir do curso foram a sobrecarga de trabalho escolar, o material didático de baixa qualidade e difícil entendimento, a dificuldade em conciliar trabalho com estudo e o deslocamento para momentos presenciais. Contudo, a realização pessoal, a qualificação profissional, o apoio e incentivo dos professores e tutores foram relevantes para prosseguir no curso. O estudo revelou evasão de 41% dos estudantes. Concluiu-se que as informações a respeito da permanência e evasão podem auxiliar tutores, professores, coordenadores e gestores educacionais para tornarem os cursos EaD mais atrativos e com menores índices de desistência.

As doenças transmitidas por alimentos tem o manipulador de alimentos como um fator de risco para sua ocorrência, quando falhas são cometidas no processo de produção dos alimentos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar o nível de conhecimento dos manipuladores de alimentos dos restaurantes tipo self-service do município de Patos – PB, quanto as boas práticas de manipulação. A pesquisa se deu por meio de aplicação de um questionário estruturado contendo 34 questões relacionadas às características sociodemográficas e ao conhecimento sobre boas práticas de manipulação para 65 manipuladores de alimentos de 25 restaurantes self-service, selecionados a partir dos estabelecimentos cadastrados na Vigilância Sanitária Municipal. Na classificação do nível de conhecimento foi adotado como satisfatória uma porcentagem igual ou superior a 60% de acertos. Os dados foram analisados através da estatística descritiva. Para os dados sociodemográficos, o estudo mostrou a predominância dos seguintes fatores: sexo feminino (95,0%), faixa etária de 40 a 49 anos (36,9%), ensino fundamental incompleto (36,95%), não realizam exames admissionais e/ou de rotina (75,4%) e parasitológico de fezes (40,0%), nunca participou de treinamento (60,0%). O nível de conhecimento dos manipuladores foi considerado como satisfatório sendo com média de acertos de 89,16%. Diante dos resultados obtidos, apesar dos manipuladores apresentarem um nível de conhecimento satisfatório, não o põe em prática, sendo necessária uma capacitação periódica para melhorar a qualificação profissional dos manipuladores, visando o fornecimento de alimentos seguros e minimizando os riscos de ocorrências de doenças transmitidas por alimentares. Palavras-chave: Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos. Manipuladores. Boas Práticas. Segurança dos Alimentos. Abstract The foodborne diseases have the food handler as a risk factor for its occurrence, when failures are made in the food production process. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge of food handlers in self-service restaurants in the municipality of Patos - PB, regarding the good handling practices. The research took place through the application of a structured questionnaire containing 34 questions related to sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge about good handling practices, for 65 food handlers from 25 self-service restaurants, selected from establishments registered with the Municipal Health Surveillance. In the classification of the level of knowledge, a percentage equal to or greater than 60% of correct answers was adopted as satisfactory. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. For sociodemographic data, the study showed the predominance of the following factors: female gender (95,0%), age group 40-49 years (36,9%), incomplete elementary school (36,95%), do not perform admission exams and/or routine (75,4%) and parasitological stools (40,0%), never participated in training (60,0%). The level of knowledge of the manipulators was considered satisfactory, with an average of 89,16% correct answers. In view of the results obtained, despite the manipulators having a satisfactory level of knowledge, it does not put it into practice, requiring periodic training to improve the professional qualification of the manipulators, aiming at providing safe food and minimizing the risks of foodborne diseases. Keywords: Foodborne Diseases. Manipulators. Good Practices. Food Safety.

Professional qualification, subject matter knowledge, methodological teaching skills, dedication to teaching, enthusiasm and commitment in teaching are essential keys in determining teachers’ competency and teaching efficacy. The purpose of the article is to explore motives for choosing a career of teaching English. Research methods used: theoretical analysis and systematization of pedagogical works, which made it possible to identify conceptual considerations on main motives for choosing a career of teaching English; observations and practices of author’s teaching experience are also used and included to reveal the main aspects of the issue under analysis. The study findings suggest that for many teachers, the career of teaching is more than just a job. The «performance gap» that these teachers experience between their ideals and the reality of the classroom, suggests that teaching is a calling. Research indicates that one strong motivation for choosing teaching career is that women are influenced by their parents slightly more than by their teachers in their decisions to become teachers. The data suggest that parents encourage their daughters more to choose teaching as a perspective career than their sons. In fact, career choice usually involves a difference in motives. On the one hand, there are a lot of teachers without an initial vocation who find themselves enjoying the work and becoming very committed. On the other hand, there were teachers who had an initial vocation who found their enthusiasm and motivation waning over the years. So it was revealed that teachers in both these categories may in time have to deal with de-motivation.

YakymchukIryna,HlazunovaOlena. Use of massive open online courses to develop media educational competence of teachers of professional pre-higher education institutions. Pedagogy and Psychology of Sport. 2021;7(1):76-84. elSSN 2450-6605. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/PPS.2021.07.01.004 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/PPS/article/view/PPS.2021.07.01.004 https://zenodo.org/record/4543802 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2021; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.02.2021. Revised: 07.02.2021. Accepted: 16.02.2021. USE OF MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSES TO DEVELOP MEDIA EDUCATIONAL COMPETENCE OF TEACHERS OF PROFESSIONAL PRE-HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS Iryna Yakymchuk Separated Structural Subdivision "Rivne Professional College of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine" irina.o.yakymchuk@gmail.com Olena Hlazunova National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv o-glazunova@nubip.edu.ua Abstract The article examines the use of Massive Open Online Courses for teachers of professional pre-higher education institutions during the pandemic for in-service education. The necessity to develop media educational competence of pedagogical, academic and research personnel by means of massive open online courses is substantiated that will allow them to increase their professional qualification. There is a number of massive open online courses through which educators have the opportunity to independently acquire the necessary competencies for teaching disciplines. The feasibility of using different online platforms for teacher’s professional development, taking into account the pre-selected direction, is analyzed in detail. Combining different methods of obtaining information and improving the efficiency of training is substantiated. Priorities for teachers have been identified, the solution of which will allow them to master the necessary online courses freely for media competence development. Keywords: Media educational competence, media literacy, media culture, information and communication technologies, massive open online courses, in-service education of teachers of professional pre-higher education institutions.

Communication skills include speaking, writing, reading and listening skills. These skills are equally important for the teachers to conduct teaching activities within the classrooms. The effective delivery of information among teachers could help students in improving their academic performance. This study was conducted to explore the communication skills of the teachers working on regular and contract basis in English medium schools in Lahore District. Total 84 teachers (42 regular and 42 contract teachers) participated in this study. Data were collected through questionnaire and analysed through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). T-test was applied to compare the communications kills of regular and contract teachers. Findings conclude that regular and contract teachers were statistically different regarding structured sentencing, non-verbal behaviors and speaking skills (P0.05). Low professional qualification, job insecurity, lack of pre-service and in-service trainings, interest and increased curriculum responsibilities were the significant factors (P0.05) impeding the development of communications skills among regular and contract-based teachers. This study urges that a concrete pre-service and in-service training programs should be arranged across the educational institutions for the development of teachers. This study has strong implications for the all-educational institutions carrying teaching activities.

Objetivo: caracterizar como ocorrem e quais os efeitos das ações de Enfermagem na saúde de mulheres no momento do aborto. Método: Revisão integrativa, realizada nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS e BDENF, a partir dos descritores: saúde da mulher, aborto e cuidados de Enfermagem. Resultados: Dezenove artigos foram selecionados, publicados no perí­odo de 2015 a 2020. Percebeu-se, na maioria das produções, prática fragmentada de profissionais de Enfermagem í s mulheres em situação de abortamento, seja nos aspectos relacionais, de manejo da dor e da educação em saúde sobre o que fazer pós-alta. Embora conhecimento de protocolos e da humanização, o cuidado ainda é afetado por crenças e valores desses profissionais. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o cuidado de Enfermagem voltado ao aborto ainda visa problema e julgamentos, e exige, dentre outros aspectos, permanente qualificação profissional para que seja centrado na pessoa, supere os maus-tratos e garanta bem estar e segurança em futuras gestações.

The issue of psychological support to military personnel especially in the course of the conduct of combat activities is exceptionally up to date. One of the many ways of providing such assistance is the psychological correction. Civil psychologists in the course of their professional activity fully use the opportunities of the psychological correction whilst working with clients. In the context of providing psychological support within the Armed Forces of Ukraine this category has been slightly pushed out. This could be related with several reasons that urge for a separate analysis and highlight. This article presents a thorough theoretical analysis of the concept of psychological correction and its role and place within the system of the moral-psychological support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The guidelines that present the definitions of psychological correction have been analyzed and this created the possibility to identify the two existing directions of psychological correction, namely the annihilation of the negative consequence of participating in combat activities (within the framework of conducting the measures of psychological rehabilitation) and forming the qualities needed for military service (within the framework of the everyday psychological support of service activities) and additional suggestions in terms of directions of its use. The principle differences of such definitions as "psychological correction" "psychological consultation" and "psychotherapy" have been defined. The approaches on determining the psychological correction by civil researchers have been defined, both by foreign and domestic scientists. Such an analysis has allowed developing a unique definition of psychological correction and most certainly whilst including the peculiarities of the activity of military psychologists. The results of the conducted activities that have been highlighted in the article are the fundament for conducting further activity with the issues mentioned, particularly the ability to develop the methodology of using the psychological correction at every of the mentioned stages whilst working with military personnel, as well as the development of an educational program for psychologist-officers and the employees of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to increase their professional qualification in such an important issue.

O presente artigo teve por objetivo analisar a percepção de acadêmicos de Ciências Contábeis acerca do papel da instituição de ensino superior em sua formação profissional. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, a pesquisa é classificada com uma abordagem quantitativa, descritiva em relação aos objetivos e de levantamento conforme os procedimentos. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, foi aplicado um questionário com 17 (dezessete) questões fechadas, adaptado dos estudos de Degenhart, Turra e Biavatti (2016), Mathias, Serafim Júnior, Besen e Araujo (2018) e Moura e Lima Filho (2019), de forma eletrônica entre abril e maio de 2020 e validado por três professores da área. A população é composta por 101 alunos matriculados do curso de Ciências Contábeis de uma universidade comunitária de Santa Catarina, em 2020/1. A amostra compreendeu 56 acadêmicos que responderam devidamente ao questionário, que corresponde a 55,44% da população. Os dados foram tabulados por meio do Google Formulários® e a técnica utilizada para análise de dados foi a estatística descritiva, por meio da distribuição de frequência relativa. Os principais resultados revelaram que os acadêmicos consideram que a formação dada pela universidade é compatível com a exigida pelo mercado de trabalho, bem como facilita o ingresso do aluno à prática profissional, além de trazer conteúdos específicos trabalhados no decorrer do curso como preparação de atributos, competências e habilidades aos futuros bacharéis em Ciências Contábeis.

Objetivo: Analisar na literatura o atendimento í s mulheres portadoras de transtornos mentais ví­timas de violência por parceiro í­ntimo na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa realizada nas bases MEDLINE, LILACS, SCiELO e BDENF através do cruzamento de 6 descritores em 3 idiomas. Resultados: Foram identificadas 10.579 produções primárias e incluí­dos 3 artigos segundo critérios de inclusão. Evidenciou-se a inexistência de protocolos e desqualificação técnica dos profissionais para essa demanda. Conclusão: O fomento a pesquisas sobre essa temática contribuirá para a qualificação profissional e para superação da invisibilidade das mulheres ví­timas de violência com transtorno mental.

The existing study was expected to identify the relationship between organizational commitment and demographic variation of private secondary school teachers. The study’s objectives were; (i) to identify the relationship between qualification and organizational commitment of secondary school teachers, (ii)to find out the relationship between marital status and organizational commitment of secondary school teachers, and (iii) to identify the relationship between teaching experience and organizational commitment of secondary school teachers. The nature of the study was descriptive and quantitative and for the collection of data, the survey method was used. In Rawalpindi and Islamabad, there was 13764 private secondary school, work. Through simple random sampling techniques, 860 teachers were randomly selected. Organizational Commitment Scale (OCS) developed by Allen and Meyer (1997) was used as a research instrument in this study. The researcher individually visited the sampled schools and collected the data. To test hypotheses, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. It was found that there is no correlation among academic, professional qualification, and marital status with the organizational commitment of teachers. It is further concluded that there is a relationship between the experience of teachers and the organizational commitment of teachers. The teachers have the experience of 1-5, 6-10, 11-15, and 16-20 years are more committed toward their jobs.

The present study compares the results obtained from the application of a questionnaire on learning styles with the findings in the literature, in addition to identifying the existing correlations with teaching strategies for the management of educational knowledge. For that, we used the studies on learning styles obtained from a systematic literature review carried out by Canto and Bastos (2019); we applied a VAK questionnaire (visual, auditory, kinesthetic) to 110 teachers who were students of a postgraduate course and, subsequently, to 756 students distributed among technical, industrial learning, high school, and professional qualification courses; and compared the results obtained. The results showed that out of the 10 articles selected because they used an evaluation instrument and were focused on the VAK standard, or on the VARK (including Aural-Read), in 70% of them the preference was for the Visual and Kinesthetic styles. In this study, 95% of the evaluated student-teachers and 80% of the other students also showed preference for the Visual and Kinesthetic styles. We concluded that exploring learning styles can enable students to identify strengths and weaknesses when learning and enable teachers to define their goals and activity strategies so that they can design student-centered activities.

The article suggests new approaches to assessing and predicting the human factor in normal and extreme conditions. The authors point out that there are powerful and stable behavioral characteristics that do not depend on the state of transport experts at a particular moment, certain conditions, and duration of work. Upbringing and value system are the fundamental factors that predetermine human behavior both in normal and extreme conditions. Professional qualification and psychophysiological state of each expert can affect their capabilities to a certain extent; however, the safety of actions will always be determined by the moral criterion of their professional motivation and willpower.

Forensic aesthetic facial damage—AFD expert’s valuation is a concerning matter in court as expressively vary in between experts. In fact, differences can be quite significant suggesting examiners age, sex and professional qualification may influence this valuation. Aiming to offer a systematic and more objective evaluation, some methods for assessing AFD had been proposed lately. Known as Aesthetic Impairment Impact Perception (AIPE), Cobo-Plana’s revised methodology (2010) was idealized to minimize the examiner’s subjectivity by means of answering an ordered sequence of questions related to the specific damage perception. This research aims to access AFD perception differences (simulated cases) in between Lawyers, Heath professionals (Physicians and Dental surgeons) and general professionals (laypeople) under AIPE methodology in order to allow a better comprehension of AFD when dealing with forensic expertise cases. Within Groups perceptions varied (p < 0.05) when evaluating lesions below “important” severity grade. Raters over 35 Years age scored higher AFD lesions, and rater’s sex (as an independent variable) did not express any significant difference in AFD scoring. The tendency of under-rating AFD lesions below very important severity grade was observed being a matter of major concern considered their prevalence and the effective consequences involved to the victim. These results recommend extra caution when performing AFD evaluation and consequently expertise reports, claiming a more judicious analysis based on consolidated standards and suggest, examiners to be more perceptive to physical damage evaluation in order to include social perceptions and reactions, mainly, victims feelings and constrains over their aesthetic loss.

The present study analyzed the gender-wise professional qualifications and competencies of teacher educators and subject teachers of education. The respondents were categorized into three groups in order to measure their competencies and professional qualification. These were Heads / Principals, Teacher Educators and Subject Teachers of Education and their students. Questionnaires and personal profile prorforma were used as instruments for data collection. T-test and Percentage were applied for the purpose of analysis. The data analysis states most of the male and female subject teachers of education and teachers educators do not have any professional qualification as well as competencies of the male teachers is significantly different from female teachers. Male teachers were competent and efficient as compared to female teachers. It is suggested to the male and female teachers to get professional qualifications for improving their level of qualification. Moreover, female teachers need to enhance their competencies for competing for male teachers in the field of teaching.

The aim of the paper is to determine if socio-demographic characteristics of employees have an impact on loyalty. Is there a difference among employees, based on their education level, when it comes to loyalty expression? The next question would be: whether the employees at the lower work positions show different level of loyalty than those who are engaged in senior business positions? The research was conducted in March 2019 with 80 participants taking part in it. Half of these participants have a high degree of professional skills and work in senior positions while the other half has a lower professional qualification and work in lower work positions. The obtained information are processed using the SPSS program. The results indicate there is coherence between the education degree level, and the work position on the one hand, and the attitude of employees when it comes to loyalty, on the other.

The care of special needs patients (SNP) in Dentistry requires a different approach. This population reports difficulties in getting care, especially, at the public service. The aim of this study was to investigate the perception and attitudes of the dentists that work on Public Health Care Centers (PHC)in the city of Pelotas on the care of SNP. A total of 47 professionals from the PHC participated in this research and they answered a questionnaire about their professional routine, time since graduation, professional qualification and experience, attitudes and difficulties related to the care of SNP. Descriptive analysis and Fisher’s Exact Test were performed to assess the association between the characteristics of the dentists, their perception, experiences and attitudes towards care. Most dentists (93,6%) reported that they attend patients with special needs and their most difficulty was the lack of a dental assistant to help them (58,5%). There was a better perception regarding the care of SNP among those dentists that are involved in the Family Health Strategy team, with less time since graduation and that are fully dedicated to the public service. We concluded that, although most dentists reported that they attend those SNP, there are several difficulties and the most one is the lack of help.

The article considers the issue of the impact of professional teaching qualifications on qualitative indexes of learners’ academic achievement of applicants in the Netherlands. The quality of education is a key aspect of social development, so research of the relations between the teachers’ professional level and the learners’ academic achievement is of a great importance. The article reviews modern roles and direct functions of teachers in their professional work. Moreover, the paper outlines new requirements for the teachers training programs and qualification in the Dutch education system. The article also describes national and international standards for the teacher training. In addition, the observance of modern requirements for the professional teacher training needs maximum attention. The author mentions the problem of inconsistency in teacher training programs due to the lack of common criteria, which affects the quality of the program itself. The analysis of international databases gave an opportunity to examine the teachers’ professional training and learners’ qualitative indicators at different stages of education, which shows a high level of success among graduates of different educational institutions. The results of the study show that teachers’ high professional qualification is a key factor in influencing the academic achievement of learners. Finally, the article outlines recommendations for further development of pedagogical education in the Netherlands and proves that the development of teacher education is a top priority in the country.

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على طبيعة الاحتياجات التدريبية اللازمة لمعلمي التربية الخاصة العاملين في المدارس الحکومية بالمملکة العربية السعودية من وجهة نظرهم. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدم المنهج الوصفي، واستخدمت الاستبانة کأداة لها. تکون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع برامج التربية الخاصة الحکومية، والبالغ عددها 7016 في کافة المناطق الإدارية في المملکة الثلاثة عشر (الرياض، مکة المکرمة، المدينة المنورة، القصيم، الشرقية، عسير، تبوک، حائل، الحدود الشمالية، جازان، نجران، الباحة، الجوف). کما يمثل مجتمع الدراسة جميع العاملين في تلک البرامج من معلمي التربية الخاصة والبالغ عددهم 8281، وقد بلغ عدد المستجيبين منهم 384 معلما ومعلمة. وتوصلت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن هناک احتياجات تدريبية مرتفعة من وجهة نظر معلمي التربية الخاصة في المجالات التالية (التقييم والتشخيص، الاتجاهات الحديثة في طرق التدريس، تکنولوجيا التعليم، تعديل السلوک) واحتياجات تدريبية متوسطة في المجالات التالية (إعداد الوسائل التعليمية، البرنامج التربوي الفردي، النطق والتخاطب، التأهيل المهني والخدمات الانتقالية، التدخل المبکر، التعليم الشامل، العمل مع أسر الأفراد ذوي الإعاقة). کما توصلت النتائج إلى عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين استجابات عينة الدراسة حول طبيعة الاحتياجات التدريبية تعزى لاختلاف متغير نوع الجنس والتخصص والمنطقة. وفي ضوء هذه النتائج توصي الدراسة بضرورة تلبية الاحتياجات التدريبية لمعلمي التربية الخاصة العاملين في المدارس الحکومية بالمملکة العربية السعودية في المجالات التي أظهرت الدراسة احتياجات تدريبية مرتفعة ومتوسطة فيها, وتقديم البرامج التدريبية للمعملين ضمن خيارات متعددة. The study aimed at identifying the nature of necessary training needs required by special education teachers working in Saudi government schools from their own standpoint. To achieve this end, the descriptive approach, alongside a questionnaire, was used for data collection. The study population comprised all 7016 government special education programs serving areas around all administrative regions of the Kingdom (i.e., Riyadh, Mecca, Madinah, Qaseem, Eastern region, Asir, Tabuk, Hael, Northern boarders, Jazan, Najran, Al-Baha, Al-Jouf). The study population represented all special education teachers (8281) of these programs. The number of teachers who responded to the questionnaire was 384 male and female teachers. The study concluded that there were high training needs as viewed by the special education teachers in the fields of (assessment and diagnosis, modern trends in teaching methods, teaching technologies, behavior adjustment), and medium training needs in the fields of (preparing teaching aids, individual educational program, speech and communication, professional qualification, transitional services, early intervention, comprehensive teaching and work with family members of disabled individuals). The study also concluded that there were no statistically significant differences between the responses given by the study sample on the nature of training needs as attributed to the variables of sex, specialty and region. In light of these findings, the study recommends that it would be necessary to meet the training needs of special education teachers at the Saudi government schools. This is particularly the case where the study showed high and medium training needs. Moreover, the study recommends delivering training programs for the teachers in various options through training via traditional/distant workshops or through asynchronous and open training that is administered on electronic platforms

Numerous incidences of unethical behaviours of accountant has been reported globally in the recent years have left significant impact to the accounting profession. These incidences raised concern of accountants’ ethical decision making. In the accounting profession, ethical decision making is a complex process partly due to accountants’ fiduciary obligatios to their clients, as well as protecting public interests.The objective of this study is to examine the effect of demographic factors (gender, age, professional qualification) and ethical ideology, on ethical decision making of accounting practitioners. A survey questionnaire comprises of Ethical Position Questionnaire and two ethical dilemma vignettes was distributed and 125 responds were analysed.Statistical analyses found that age and professional qualifications have significant positive influence on ethical decision making of practitioner accountants, suggesting that these two factors influence accountants to be stricter when confronting with ethical issues. Furthermore, this study also found that idealism as significantly influence ethical decision making of practitioner accountant in Malaysia. As a conclusion, age, professional qualification and idealism have influence on an accountant’s ethical decision-making in Malaysia.

Agradecimentos: A Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FEF/UNICAMP) e ao CNPq pelo apoio à pesquisa e incentivo na área científica acadêmica Resumo: A formação profissional em Educação Física Escolar Adaptada tem sido assunto debatido de maneira significativa. Assim, novas possibilidades de temas têm sido pensadas, como a motivação profissional. Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender aspectos motivacionais em Professores de Educação Física Escolar Adaptada, sob uma abordagem quali-quantitativa. Foram entrevistados, em 2019, oito professores da rede pública de ensino, com idade média de 44 anos (±11), que concluíram a graduação há 20 anos (±12) e que trabalhavam com crianças com deficiência nas aulas de Educação Física. Os resultados mostraram que, mesmo com a conclusão de cursos de graduação e especialização, a maioria está insatisfeita com sua formação, por conta da carência de oportunidades. Porém, a maioria, ainda está motivada para melhorar sua prática com cursos e capacitações. Assim, fica claro a importância de ampliar possibilidades acadêmicas e de formação para novas abordagens metodológicas na área das atividades físicas escolares adaptadas CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ Aberto

The article discusses the interrelated relationship between education and the labour market. The balance of the labour market-university system is considered as the main problem. It is substantiated that today, with the state system's management, it is possible to achieve greater efficiency. In the absence of public administration, employers and universities find it difficult to find systematized solutions independently. The article presents some of the most relevant solutions, which are more practical for urgent correction of the situation.

Background Interprofessional education (IPE) for medical and healthcare professions is highly relevant. It increases knowledge and skills, but also helps to foster the development of collaboration, which is essential for optimal patient care. One important aspect of IPE is to better understand profession's individual attitudes and perceptions towards interprofessionalism and the expected roles and skills for future collaboration in the context of patient care. Methods We offered IPE workshops using a peer assisted learning approach, with the focus on anatomy in the area of the lower back and hip. The workshops were attended by medical and physiotherapy students and consisted of three consecutive training sessions with the topics anatomical prosections, anatomy in vivo and orthopedics testing. We focused on student's attitudes and perceptions regarding the relevance of IPE and their expected skills in interprofessionalism. An established questionnaire was used as an instrument for self-assessment before and after the interprofessional experience. To evaluate for significance, analysis was carried out for all groups on pre- and post-course item mean differences. Results Pre-post score comparison for all groups combined demonstrated significant increase in terms of perceptions and attitudes for several items related to interprofessionalism and interprofessional skills. Medical and physiotherapy students rated themselves significantly higher for different questionnaire items. Students, who had obtained a professional qualification prior to their current studies, rated themselves significantly higher on certain items compared to those who had not. Conclusions The results from this brief interprofessional anatomy experience are encouraging. The course led to meaningful improvements in competencies that are highly relevant for effective interprofessional collaboration in the future. Furthermore, identification of differences in professional group perceptions can be useful for development of future IPE workshops.

AIMS To investigate the status of spiritual care competencies among clinical nurses and their relationships with psychological capital. BACKGROUND Limited knowledge is about the influence of positive personal characteristics on nurses' spiritual care competencies. METHODS A multicentre cross-sectional study. A total of 1717 nurses were recruited from nine separate Chinese hospitals. Online questionnaires were delivered through a local nursing association to assess socio-demographics, spiritual care competencies and psychological capital of nurses. RESULTS Nurses had mild-to-moderate levels of spiritual care competencies and moderate levels of psychological capital. Psychological capital and its two metrics (self-efficacy and hope), spiritual care education, professional qualification and shift work were the main predictors of spiritual care competencies (each p

Background The aims of this cross-sectional study were to investigate the regulatory compliance of Dutch practice websites offering orthodontic services, readability of the available treatment information, website design as well as possible relationship with practice location and professional qualification of practitioners. Methods A comprehensive Internet search was performed using the Google search engine and five relevant terms in Dutch. Eligibility screening of the first 50 results of each search led to the final inclusion of 111 websites. The content of the selected websites was evaluated in terms of compliance to international regulations on ethical advertising guidelines (CED), treatment information text readability using Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), and website design using the BDC assessment tool. Results Reporting of websites according to CED guidelines covered on average 85% of the mandatory items. No significant differences were observed between dental and orthodontic practices, and between practices located in densely and sparsely populated regions (P > 0.05). The mean FRES of the displayed information indicated difficult-to-understand text. BDC scores of multi-location practices were significantly higher than the rest (P Conclusions The websites of orthodontic practices in The Netherlands do not fully comply with CED guidelines on ethical advertising. Readability of the displayed information and website technical performance needs to be further optimized.

The article presents the modern requirements to the professionally significant qualities of the designers and their level of professional qualification. Readiness level of the applicants and the first- and second-year students to the project activity is analysed. The possibilities of improving the designers' training quality within the university education process are considered. Methods and criteria of competence assessment of future designers are determined. The conducted theoretical analysis proved current importance and insufficient development level in the pedagogical theory of the project skills formation problem of future design specialists in the system of higher professional education. Project activity is the key one in the professional activity of the environment designer. An important part of the professional competence are professional skills and abilities - artistic, modelling, formation, analytical, research, graphical, computer, communication skills. These skills and abilities are directly connected with the professionally significant qualities. An important factor of the successful implementation of the learning activity in the design sphere is the presence of the corresponding skills, their focus on the design activity, positive motivation and the desire to get a high-quality professional education. A set of these components tells us that a student is ready to get the professional education.

Resumo A concepção de infância modificou-se de acordo com as estruturas econômicas e de poder da sociedade, assim como os valores que influenciam o cuidado das crianças e dos adolescentes. Com o neoliberalismo, os direitos constitucionais reduziram-se, os valores defendidos na Constituição desvalorizaram-se, e as Organizações da Sociedade Civil tornaram-se as responsáveis pela atenção a essa população. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como os valores e a formação profissional influenciam na promoção da saúde no atendimento a crianças e adolescentes em uma Organização da Sociedade Civil de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. A pesquisa, realizada em 2018, utilizou abordagem qualitativa com entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise temática. Os resultados foram organizados em duas categorias: Formação profissional: ultrapassando o tecnicismo em busca da promoção à saúde; e Educação moral, valores e cidadania: a promoção da saúde na contramão dos valores neoliberais. É fundamental a discussão sobre a formação profissional em busca de um cuidado mais humanizado na universidade de modo a promover indivíduos críticos e com capacidade de refletir, transformar e recriar o seu trabalho. Além disso, a educação moral e a promoção da saúde buscam elementos para transformação do status quo que vai além das práticas médicas e engloba a promoção da cultura da paz e de direitos humanos e à emancipação do ser humano. Abstract The concept of childhood has changed according to the economic and power structures of society, as well as the values that influence the care of children and adolescents. With neoliberalism, constitutional rights were reduced, the values defended in the Constitution were devalued and Civil Society Organizations became responsible for the care of this population. This study, carried out in 2018, aimed to analyze how values and professional training influence health promotion in the care of children and adolescents in a Civil Society Organization in the city of Florianópolis, Brazil. The research used a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. The results were organized into two categories: Professional training: overcoming technicality in search of health promotion; and Moral education, values and citizenship: health promotion against neoliberal values. It is essential to discuss professional training in search of more humanized care at the university in order to promote critical individuals with the capacity to reflect, transform and recreate their work. In addition, moral education and health promotion seek elements to transform the status quo that goes beyond medical practices and encompasses the promotion of a culture of peace and human rights and the emancipation of human beings. Resumen El concepto de infancia se ha modificado de acuerdo con las estructuras económicas y de poder de la sociedad, así como los valores que influyen en el cuidado de los niños y las niñas y de los adolescentes. Con el neoliberalismo, los derechos constitucionales se redujeron, los valores defendidos en la Constitución, se desvalorizan y las Organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil pasaron a ser las responsables por la atención de este sector de la población. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar como los valores y la formación profesional contribuyen en la promoción de la salud en la atención a niños, niñas y adolescentes en una Organización de la Sociedad Civil de la ciudad Florianópolis, em Brasil. La encuesta, realizada em 2018, utilizó un abordaje cualitativo con entrevistas semiestructuradas y análisis de tema. Los resultados fueron organizados en dos categorías: Formación profesional: superando el tecnicismo en busca de la promoción de la salud; y Educación moral, valores y ciudadanía: la promoción de la salud a contramano de los valores neoliberales. Es fundamental la discusión sobre la formación profesional en busca de un cuidado más humanizado en la universidad de manera que se promuevan individuos críticos y con capacidad de reflexionar, transformar y recrear su trabajo. Además de eso, la educación moral y la promoción de la salud buscan elementos para la transformación del status quo que va más allá de las prácticas médicas y engloba la promoción de la cultura de la paz y de derechos humanos y la emancipación del ser humano.

Objective: to report the teaching experience of Stricto sensu graduate students lived with FederalFluminenseUniversity nursing students during the theoretical-practical teaching in the care of puerperal women, in a municipal public maternity of habitual risk. Methodology: it’s about a research modality of experience report, from which describes the aspects experienced in apublic maternity hospital of usual risk, in Niteroi city, at metropolitan region II of Rio de Janeiro state, in regarding to the teaching stage of post-graduation program Stricto Sensu from Federal Fluminense University. Results: the activities executed by the post-graduating students together with the teachers expand the vision of their future as part of teaching group, contributing to their graduation as teacher and the academic community involved, and to the professional qualification in regard to the integrated care of Improvement and Innovation Project in Care and Education in Obstetrics and Neonatology. Conclusion: the results corroborate to police guidelines of humanized birth that translate in a need for change.

In the learning outcomes accumulation and exchange system, learners can get academic certificates or professional qualification certificates, by exchanging learning outcomes they hold. At present, the learning outcomes is lifetime effective in the credit bank. It causes a contradiction between renewal and lifetime effective of knowledge and skills. If learners apply an academic certificate by using the learning outcomes obtained a long time ago, the knowledge and skills mastered by the learners maybe do not match the current discipline development and vocational skills requirements. In view of the above contradiction, ‘learning outcomes depreciation’ and its application is proposed. The specific method is adding a ‘learning outcomes depreciation coefficient digit’ on the learning outcomes ID in the credit bank system. When exchange outcomes to certificates, judge whether the outcomes are effective by the ‘learning outcomes depreciation coefficient digit’, and expired outcomes cannot be exchanged. The depreciation mentioned above can avoid outdated knowledge and skills of learners who getting certificates, and promote fair educational results.

There is confusion in the terminology used to describe different forms of cognitive behaviour therapy, in particular low intensity CBT. Such confusion has implications for research, clinical practice and service organisation. This thought-piece aims to describe the key components of low intensity CBT in comparison to brief high intensity standard CBT. It is proposed that low intensity CBT (i) utilises self-help materials, (ii) is six hours or less of contact time with each contact being typically 30 minutes or less, and (iii) any input can be provided by trained practitioners or supporters. These components distinguish the intervention from brief high intensity intensity CBT which (i) is based on the standard evidence-based CBT treatment, with therapy contact time 50% or less than the full CBT intervention, and (ii) is usually delivered by someone with a core mental health professional qualification or equivalent. Brief CBT can refer to either low intensity CBT and/or brief high intensity CBT. We hope that making the distinction between these different forms of intervention stimulates debate and helps consistent and appropriate categorisation for future research and practice.

In this epilogue to the special issue of Journal of Applied Sport Psychology on organizational sport psychology, I provide a brief commentary on each of the articles contained within the issue and ...

Objetivo: Identificar fatores que dificultam ou facilitam o acesso aos serviços de saúde mental por crianças e adolescentes, em situação de acolhimento institucional. Métodos: Passaram pela aplicação de três questionários com questões abertas a profissionais atuantes em CAPSi, escolas especiais e unidades de acolhimento institucional de uma capital, no Sul do Brasil. Tratam-se de pessoas que atendem crianças e/ou adolescentes com deficiência intelectual e/ou transtorno mental e acolhidas. Inicialmente, foi utilizada a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, complementada pelos Ciclos de Codificação de Saldaña, apoiada pelo software ATLAS.ti. Os extratos de texto foram codificados/categorizados, sendo geradas redes e queries, a partir dos principais fatores levantados. Resultados: Observou-se que emergiram duas categorias: facilidades no acesso e dificuldades no acesso, sendo identificados 21 fatores relacionados a facilidades ao acesso aos serviços de saúde mental e 37 fatores relacionados a dificuldades. Aparece com maior frequência a reinserção social por meio dos serviços substitutivos como facilitador. Contudo a falta de capacitação profissional, a falta de estruturas especializadas para o atendimento desse público e a falta de recursos humanos foram as dificuldades mais acentuadas. Conclusão: Acentuar que essas técnicas contribuíram na identificação de fatores, minimizando o grau de subjetividade, constituindo uma estratégia que propicia a instrumentalização de processos de tomada de decisão.

RESUMO: O artigo procura fomentar debate acerca da formação do psicanalista, por meio do resgate da história e dos elementos fundamentais da Escola Freudiana de Psicanálise, fundada por Lacan. Por fim, discute as possíveis contribuições lacanianas à formação do analista e propõe que os discursos circulantes na Escola e seus dispositivos também possam constituir analisadores para pesquisas sobre o problema da formação baseada em treinamento e reprodução técnica em profissões cujo objeto é o outro e o sofrimento humano. ABSTRACT: The article seeks to foment debate about the formation of the psychoanalyst, through the rescue of history and the fundamental elements of the Freudian School of Psychoanalysis, founded by Lacan. Finally, it discusses the possible Lacanian contributions to the analyst's formation and proposes that the circulating discourses in the School and its devices may also be analyzers for researches on the problem of formation based on training and technical reproduction in professions whose object is the other and human suffering.

Introduction: Graduates’ perception about their situation and professional satisfaction, which are fundamental to identify the relation between a profes - sional formation and some demands of job market. Objective: To describe the characteristics of physical therapy graduates’ profiles and to analyze factors associated with satisfaction and professional training. Methods: It was invited graduates from 2001 to 2013. An online questionnaire about the characterization of graduates, professional improvement, job market and professional satisfac - tion was used. Results: There were 149 graduates, singles (50.5%) and women (75.8%). About 82.6% were verified professional qualification. In less than one year 69.8% entered the labour market and 85.9% worked with physiotherapy. The main areas of practice were traumatology and orthopedics (58.4%). Professional satisfaction was reported by 71.8% people and economic satisfaction only by 17.4%. Conclusion: The majority of the graduates worked in physiotherapy and sought professional qualification. Most of them were professionally satisfied but economically insatisfied.

One of the main difficulties and challenges for the consolidation and operationalization of the environmental health policy in the Brazil’s Unified Public Health System (SUS) is the establishment of both processes and pedagogical strategies for training and professional education at high school and undergraduate levels that are capable to answer the demands and needs of this area. This study aimed to discuss the importance of the formative processes of the Professional Qualification Course in Environmental Health Surveillance and its relevance as a qualification strategy for the SUS. The methodology consisted in the qualitative analysis on the teaching-learning dimensions involved in the establishment of this formative strategy. The observed results indicate to the force of technical qualification in the development of skills and competencies with a purpose to criticality in working with the SUS. It was concluded that this course brought significant learning to the strategy of training workers attentive to the determinants and conditioning factors in health. Una de las principales dificultades y retos para la consolidación y operacionalización de la política de salud ambiental en el SUS es en el establecimiento tanto de procesos como de estrategias pedagógicas de capacitación y formación profesional en los niveles secundário y superior que sean capaces de dar respuesta a las demandas y las necesidades del área. En este estudio tuvo como objetivo discutir la importancia de los procesos de formación del Curso de Calificación Profesional en Vigilancia Sanitaria Ambiental y su relevancia como estrategia de calificación para el SUS. La metodologií consistió en una reflexión cualitativa sobre las dimensiones de enseñanza-aprendizaje involucradas en la constitución de esta estrategia de formación. Los resultados percibidos apuntan al poder de la calificación técnica en el desarrollo de habilidades y competencias mirando la criticidad del trabajo con el SUS. Se concluyó que el curso en cuestión trajo importantes aprendizajes a la estrategia de formar trabajadores conscientes de los determinantes y condicionantes de la salud. Uma das principais dificuldades e desafios para a consolidação e operacionalização da política de saúde ambiental no SUS consiste no estabelecimento tanto de processos como de estratégias pedagógicas de capacitação e formação profissional de nível médio e superior que sejam capazes de responder às demandas e as necessidades desta área. Este trabalho objetivou discutir a importância dos processos formativos do Curso de Qualificação Profissional em Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental e sua relevância como estratégia de qualificação para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A metodologia consistiu na reflexão qualitativa sobre as dimensões de ensino-aprendizagem envolvidas na constituição desta estratégia formativa. Os resultados percebidos apontam para a potência da qualificação técnica no desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências com vistas à criticidade na atuação junto ao SUS. Concluiu-se que o curso em questão trouxe significativos aprendizados para a estratégia de formação de trabalhadores atentos aos determinantes e condicionantes em saúde.

The research was aimed to investigate on what level of teachers’ professional qualifications influenced the management of teaching and fostering self-directed learning for students in the primary schools in District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. According to Watson (2001), with the total population ranging from 700 to 800 people, with a confidence level of 50%, the appropriate sample size ranges from 255 to 267 people. The total number of primary school teachers in District 10, Ho Chi Minh City was 769 people, thus, the survey sample in this study was 265 people, according to Watson (2001), this sample is appropriate. The survey sample includes 265 primary school teachers, of which 94 male teachers (35.5%) and 171 female teachers (64.5%). The result revealed that the professional qualification of teachers influences significantly on management of teaching and fostering self-directed learning for students at District 10, Ho Chi Minh City.

The aim of the study was to analyze the graduate’s profile of the PhD course in Postgraduate Program in Physical Education (PPPE), Federal University of Santa Catarina. Information from the 92 PhD graduates from 2006 to 2018 was collected from secondary sources of public domain sites. Three independent evaluators filtered the information through double typing. The data revealed that more than 50% of the graduates were male, 58.7% had a scholarship, and 27.8% had a sandwich doctorate in foreign institutions. Only 17.4% of graduates completed postdoctoral training. The highest proportion has employment as effective teachers (73.3%), mainly in public higher education institutions. The concentration themes in the area of Physical Activity and Health (PAH) predominate in the titles of the conclusion work. During the formative trajectory, 48.9% of the graduates changed, at least, once in the concentration area, 44.6% remained in the same area and 6.5% investigated the three distinct concentration areas during undergraduate, masters and doctoral studies. The majority develop PAH (50.0%), followed by Pedagogical (25.5%) and Biodynamics and Human Performance (17.8%). Thus, the doctors training in PPPE seems to design a profile according to the idealized by the course, with professional possibilities of insertion in higher education and engagement in scientific investigations. Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o perfil dos egressos do curso de doutorado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Física (PPGEF), da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. As informações dos 92 egressos do doutorado no período de 2006 a 2018 foram levantadas em fontes secundárias de sites de domínio público. Três avaliadores independentes filtraram as informações por meio de dupla digitação. Os resultados revelaram que mais de 50,0% dos egressos eram do sexo masculino, 58,7% tiveram bolsa de estudos e 27,8% realizaram estágio de doutorado sanduíche em instituições estrangeiras. Apenas 17,4% dos egressos concluíram estágio de pós-doutorado. A maioria tem vínculo empregatício como professor efetivo (73,3%), principalmente em instituições públicas do magistério superior. As temáticas da área de concentração em Atividade Física e Saúde (AFS) predominam nos títulos dos trabalhos de conclusão. Ao longo da trajetória formativa, 48,9% (n=45) dos egressos mudaram pelo menos uma vez de área de concentração, 44,6% (n=41) mantiveram-se na mesma área de concentração e 6,5% (n=6) investigaram as três distintas áreas de concentração durante a graduação, mestrado e doutorado. A maioria dos egressos desenvolve pesquisas na área de AFS (50,0%), seguido da Pedagógica (25,5%) e Biodinâmica do Desempenho Humano (17,8%). Assim, a formação de doutores no PPGEF parece desenhar um perfil de acordo com o idealizado pelo curso, com chances profissionais de inserção no ensino superior e com engajamento em investigações científicas.

The present study aims at analyzing the Program Mulheres Mil carried out at the Federal Institute of Sergipe, Lagarto Campus, and at verifying the effectiveness of its educational and social functions, once the program targeted at promoting professional and technological training of disadvantaged women, ensuring their access to vocational training and to better educational levels. It is a descriptive and exploratory research, based on quantitative and qualitative approaches, whose findings are supported by other researches on Vocational Education and on the program Mulheres Mil. In addition, documents on the program and on its implementation at IFS were studied. As strategies for data collection, two questionnaires and a structured interview were used. The survey involved 25 graduates of the Archive Assistant Course, who completed their training in 2015, as well as the course coordinator. Although the program is directed to professional qualification, it barely reaches its expectation, and its objective. Even though, some aspects in the students' lives were deeply transformed, such as the perspective of market insertion, the improvement of their self-esteem, and their discoveries of new ways of relating to their family.

The purpose of the study was to examine teachers’ satisfaction with their professional activities. 272 teachers who have classes in physical education and sport in the Bulgarian school system participated in the research study. The teachers have different levels of professional qualification. A modified questionnaire was applied, with 22 items related to the satisfaction with the teaching profession. The statistical methods used for the research were: variance analysis, factor analysis (principal component analysis), non-parametric Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The following four factors related to the satisfaction of the profession were identified: organization and professional environment, social working conditions, reforms in education, education and personal development. The items with highest values were: the duration of holidays, professional relations with colleagues, professional relations with the school management, and professional relations with parents. The items with lowest values were: the amount of the salary, the professional relations with the Ministry of education and science, the prestige of the profession, and the reforms in education. Factors related to the internal educational environment have the greatest impact on the satisfaction of the surveyed teachers.

Introdução: O Médico de Família e Comunidade tem como função cuidar dos agravos mais comuns em seu território adstrito e coordenar o cuidado dos usuários. A infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiêcia humana, por ser uma condição comum em várias populações e comunidades, deve ser uma doença de interesse deste profissional. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo descritivo, relato de experiência, vivenciado por preceptor e residente no município de Florianópolis. Resultados: O presente artigo pretende discutir a reorganização do atendimento às pessoas vivendo com o vírus e a importância da atenção primária na aplicação de diferentes abordagens preventivas e na construção da meta 90-90-90. Conclusão: A busca da descentralização no cuidado desta população mostra-se como uma grande potencialidade local para o cumprimento do objetivo de melhorar os indicadores de controle da doença, destacando-se fatores locais como a rede de atenção primária estruturada, a gestão eficiente e a busca da qualificação profissional.

This paper presents the findings of a study into the application process of the professional standards (PS) qualification in Estonia, which is a standard used to identify the level of professionalism of a teacher. The study collected the views of active teachers who have applied for the PS and those of the assessors to understand the shortcomings in the application and the expectations for the application process. The main challenges identified are that teachers lack respective skills to adequately comprehend qualification requirements (unambiguous interpretation of PS) and the lack of evidence-based performance indicators (difficult to prove) and weak self-analysis skills, hence, the teacher needs assistance. The research found that teachers need collaborative support, motivation and constructive feedback on their professional development (PD), both from colleagues and at school and national levels. Based on this research, it can be said that teachers who have gone through the application process have gained greater self-confidence, value themselves as teachers and continue their in-service training.