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We examined the Bullshitting Frequency (BSF) scale in relation to the personality dimensions of the HEXACO and Big Five structures, using self-reports from 572 university students. As predicted, BSF was mainly associated with low Honesty-Humility from the HEXACO model and was better accommodated within the HEXACO than within the Big Five structure. BSF was negatively related to all four facets of Honesty-Humility and showed its strongest association with the Sincerity facet. The Persuasive BSF subscale was more strongly related to low Honesty-Humility than was the Evasive BSF subscale., Author(s): Michael C. Ashton [sup.1] , Kibeom Lee [sup.2] , Jessica Baer [sup.2] , Megan Shackel [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.411793.9, 0000 0004 1936 9318, Department of Psychology, Brock University, [...]

We investigated the structure of the Greek personality lexicon, based on a reanalysis of the data reported by Saucier, Georgiades, Tsaousis, and Goldberg. To facilitate comparisons with previous lexical studies of personality structure, our factor analyses were based on ipsatized (i.e., within-subject standardized) ratings on the Greek adjective variable set, after the removal of 'negative valence' (or low base rate) adjectives. Results showed a six-factor solution that was very similar to those obtained in a diverse array of other languages, and thus suggest that this six-dimensional structure of personality variation does generalize to the Greek culture. Keywords: personality structure; lexical study; HEXACO model; Big Five

The authors obtained self- and observer reports of personality from pairs of well-acquainted college students. Consistent with previous findings, results of Study 1 showed strong cross-source agreement for all 6 HEXACO personality factors (rs [approximately equal to] .55). In addition, the authors found modest levels of similarity (r [approximately equal to] .25) between dyad members' self-reports on each of 2 dimensions, Honesty-Humility and Openness to Experience. For these same 2 factors, dyad members' self-reports were correlated with their observer reports of the other dyad member (r approximately equal to] .40), thus indicating moderately high assumed similarity. In Study 2, Honesty-Humility and Openness to Experience were the 2 personality factors most strongly associated with the 2 major dimensions of personal values, which also showed substantial assumed similarity. In Study 3, assumed similarity was considerably stronger for close friends than for nonfriend acquaintances. Results suggest that assumed similarity for Honesty-Humility and Openness to Experience reflects a tendency to overestimate one's similarity to persons with whom one has a close relationship, but only on those personality characteristics whose relevance to values gives them central importance to one's identity. Keywords: personality, values, observer reports, agreement, assumed similarity

This article examines the six largest dimensions of the Turkish personality lexicon, as derived from the personality-descriptive terms of Goldberg and Somer's (2000) data set. The six Turkish lexical factors show close correspondences of content to all six dimensions observed in several other languages. In a new data set, the authors then correlate factor scores representing these indigenous Turkish dimensions with the scales of the HEXACO Personality Inventory, which operationalize the six cross-language factors. Results show a pattern of strong convergent and weak discriminant correlations. Overall, findings suggest that the cross-language six-dimensional structure of personality description does generalize to the Turkish lexicon. The Turkish structure also reveals some interesting emic features, particularly with regard to the content of the Openness to Experience factor. Keywords: HEXACO model; Big Five; personality structure

Studies were conducted to establish the valuable role of the HEXACO personality model in predicting integrity-related outcomes. Results confirmed the hypothesis about the vital role that the HEXACO model plays in predicting integrity-related outcomes.

Two tests were conducted on 200 adults to examine the eight intelligence domains namely Linguistic, Logical/ Mathematical, Spatial, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Musical, Bodily-Kinesthetic, and Naturalistic of the Gardner's 'Theory of Multiple Intelligences'. The highly different tests of solely cognitive abilities show strong loadings on a general intelligence factors and abilities including sensory, motor, or personality influences are less strongly g-loaded.

An explanation to the Visser's criticism is presented by demonstrating that the construct validity is fixed as g is described in a diverse work forms, g forecasts not only academic achievement but many other significant criterion variables and also g has a steady biological basis. In context of the measures used in the study, it is justified that the individual differences in task performance is not likely to be affected by the verbal content of the task while the logical contents are consistent with the Gardner's description of his intelligence domains.

An analysis exposing the faulty conclusion of Gignac of the Wechsler-derived batteries that crystallized subtests are the best indicators of 'g' is presented. It is shown using stimulated data that the single trait-correlated uniqueness (STCU) models which are suitable for small variable sets however cannot calculate subtest substantially biased g-loadings and examination of large and diverse variable sets do not show that crystallized subtests have the maximum g-loadings.

An assessment of the psychometric properties of the HEXACO-PI using a community adult sample and observer reports is presented. The results showed positive psychometric properties with reference to reliability and factor structure and it also showed high levels of agreement between self and observer reports.

The method of correlated vectors is used to identify variables that are associated with general intelligence (g). The results reveal that even when g has a very strong relation with a given variable, the sector of that variable's correlations with intelligence subtests might be uncorrelated with the vector of those subtests' g-loadings.

The structure of the English personality lexicon was investigated using self-ratings (N = 310) on a set of 1,710 personality-trait adjectives. The 5-factor solution resembled the Big Five structure, but included rotational variants of Agreeableness and Emotional Stability similar to those of other languages. In the 6-factor solution an additional factor, defined by terms such as unpretentious versus sly, resembled an Honesty-Humility factor observed in other languages. The 6-factor solution also produced an especially clear 5th factor, defined by Intellect, Imagination, and Unconventionality content. The hierarchical emergence of factors from 1 to 7 was explored, and the 7-factor solution yielded a Religiosity factor, adding to the diverse array of 7th factors observed in other languages.

Standard psycholexical studies of personality structure have produced a similar 6-factor solution in 7 languages (Dutch, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Korean, Polish). The authors report the content of these personality dimensions and interpret them as follows: (a) a variant of Extraversion, defined by sociability and liveliness (though not by bravery and toughness); (b) a variant of Agreeableness, defined by gentleness, patience, and agreeableness (but also including anger and ill temper at its negative pole); (c) Conscientiousness (emphasizing organization and discipline rather than moral conscience); (d) Emotionality (containing anxiety, vulnerability, sentimentality, lack of bravery, and lack of toughness, but not anger or ill temper); (e) Honesty-Humility; (f) Intellect/Imagination/Unconventionality. A potential reorganization of the Big Five factor structure is discussed.

R. E. Lucas, E. Diener, A. Grob, E. M. Suh, and L. Shao (2000) recently argued that the core of the personality dimension of Extraversion is not sociability but a construct called reward sensitivity. This article accepts their argument that the mere preference for social interaction is not the central element of Extraversion. However, it claims that the real core of the Extraversion factor is the tendency to behave in ways that attract social attention. Data from a sample of 200 respondents were used to test the 2 hypotheses with comparisons of measures of reward sensitivity and social attention in terms of their saturation with the common variance of Extraversion measures. The results clearly showed that social attention, not reward sensitivity, represents the central feature of Extraversion.

The purpose of this article is to review several popular, structured, personality questionnaires in terms of their applicability in cross-cultural assessment contexts. Prior to our review, we describe the types [...]

Paunonen (2002) recently developed the Supernumerary Personality Inventory (SPI), a measure of 10 traits that have low loadings within the space of the Big Five personality factors. If the SPI personality traits are representative of the domain of non-Big Five personality traits, then the major source of the variance in the SPI traits would be expected to correlate strongly with the sixth factor of personality, Honesty-Humility. We tested this hypothesis using self-report measures (N=200) of the SPI traits, of the Big Five, and of the new six-dimensional ('HEXACO') structure. Results indicated that the first unrotated factor underlying the 10 SPI traits was heavily saturated with variance from Honesty-Humility (r=.65). Nevertheless, the 10 SPI traits contained substantial amounts of unique variance not accounted for by the HEXACO or the Big Five variables, highlighting the importance of the facet-level assessment of personality traits.

This study investigated the relations of the proposed sixth factor of personality, Honesty-Humility, with the dimensions of the classic English lexical Big Five and the closely related Five-Factor Model (FFM). Results showed that although Honesty-Humility was largely unrelated to markers of the Big Five factors, it was substantially correlated with the FFM Agreeableness domain. This relation was largely due to the Straightforwardness and Modesty facets of FFM Agreeableness, which were only weakly correlated with the Big Five version of Agreeableness. A realignment of FFM facets to produce separate Honesty-Humility and Agreeableness factors provided better prediction of personality variables that involve deceit without hostility, such as Social Adroitness and Self-Monitoring. Results indicate the importance of assessing Honesty-Humility as a separate factor.

The authors compared the Big 5 factors of personality with the facets or traits of personality that constitute those factors on their ability to predict 40 behavior criteria. Both the broad factors and the narrow facets predicted substantial numbers of criteria, but the latter did noticeably better in that regard, even when the number of facet predictors was limited to the number of factor predictors. Moreover, the criterion variance accounted for by the personality facets often included large portions not predicted by the personality factors. The narrow facets, therefore, were able to substantially increase the maximum prediction achieved by the broad factors. The results of this study are interpreted as supporting a more detailed approach to personality assessment, one that goes beyond the measurement of the Big 5 factors alone.

The authors investigated the accuracy of stereotypes of the academic performance of ethnic groups. Ninety-four participants estimated the mean academic performance of Toronto high school students from nine ethnic groups and completed measures of right-wing authoritarianism, intelligence, and attitudes toward the groups. The estimated academic performance means were compared with the true means as derived from data published by the Toronto Board of Education. These comparisons revealed that, on average, participants were fairly accurate in their perceptions of both the relative standings of groups and the magnitude of between-group variability. Underestimation of between-group variability was associated with lower authoritarianism, whereas overestimation of between-group variability was associated with lower intelligence. Attitudes toward a group were significantly correlated with estimates of the group's mean academic performance, but only for the three groups whose mean academic performance levels were significantly over- or underestimated by participants overall.