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This study aimed to explore the relationship between parenting styles and the social adjustment of university students as well as the mediating effects of attachment avoidance and friendship quality. We further examined the moderating role of gender. This study used convenience sampling to recruit 501 Chinese university students to complete the Chinese version of the Negative Parenting subscale of EMBU, Attachment Avoidance Scale, Friendship Quality Questionnaire, and Social Adjustment Scale. SPSS 24.0 and the Process 3.5 macro program were used to carry out descriptive statistical and correlation analyses and mediating effect and moderated chain-mediating effect tests on the data. The analyses revealed that negative parenting styles significantly negatively predicted social adjustment in university students. Attachment avoidance mediated the relationship between negative parenting styles and social adjustment in university students, and friendship quality mediated the relationship between negative parenting styles and social adjustment in university students. Attachment avoidance and friendship quality played a chain-mediating role in the relationship between negative parenting styles and university students' social adjustment. Gender moderated the effect of negative parenting style on friendship quality among university students. These results show how negative parenting styles affect college students' social adjustment and its underlying mechanisms in the context of China's collectivist culture and high power distance and further reveal the gender differences involved, providing insights to better understand the factors influencing college students' social adjustment., Author(s): Cheng Xu [sup.1] , Wenhua Yan [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/02n96ep67, grid.22069.3f, 0000 0004 0369 6365, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, , Shanghai, China [...]

Parenting plays a vital role in children's development. Children's competence motivation is a unique and essential element of children's approaches to learning. However, little is known about the relationship and the underlying mechanisms between parenting and children's competence motivation. The present study examined the relationship between positive parenting, children's attachment, curiosity, and competence motivation as perceived by the parents. Data was collected from 311 parents with children studying in three kindergartens in Hong Kong. The results suggested that positive parenting was not only directly related to preschool children's competence motivation, but also indirectly through: (a) the independent mediating role of children's attachment, (b) the independent mediating role of children's Deprivation-type epistemic curiosity, and (c) the serial mediating role of attachment and Deprivation-type epistemic curiosity. With reference to the family systems theory, attachment theory, and self-determination theory, the present study provided evidence for the serial mediating roles of preschool children's attachment and Deprivation-type epistemic curiosity in the relationship between positive parenting and children's competence motivation as perceived by the parents., Author(s): Sylvia Y.C.L. Kwok [sup.1] , Yumei Li [sup.1] , Kim Kwok [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.35030.35, 0000 0004 1792 6846, Department of Social & Behavioural Sciences, City University of [...]

Introduction: Today's adolescents are growing up in a unique sociocultural climate in which gender issues are highly prominent. Alongside new ways of understanding gender identity, there are persistent gender disparities in social, health and mental health outcomes despite increasingly egalitarian views and a significant public focus on sexual assault and gender-based violence. Given gender-differentiated outcomes emerge during adolescence, it is critical to revisit factors influencing adolescent gender development. It has been argued that gendered parenting, reflected in differences in parenting attitudes and behaviors directed towards boys and girls, influences gender development. While numerous studies have examined gendered parenting with children, there has been no previous synthesis of gendered parenting of adolescents. Method: The current narrative review presents an overview of research into gendered parenting of adolescents, including parental modelling, gendered environments, and specific parenting practices, and draws together the available research on how it impacts adolescents. Gendered parenting is also examined in the context of LGBTQI + and gender non-conforming adolescents. Results: There is limited research investigating the presence of gendered parenting of adolescents, and even less assessing its impact on adolescent psychosocial outcomes. The available literature suggests that there may be effects of gendered parenting on adolescents, particularly on their gender role attitudes and gender-typed behaviors. Conclusions: Future work is needed to better understand how gendered parenting of adolescents manifests in the family home. In addition, research is needed to examine the longitudinal impact of gendered parenting, particularly within non-traditional families, and across a range of sociocultural contexts., Author(s): Cassandra K. Dittman [sup.1] [sup.2] , Madeline Sprajcer [sup.3] , Emma L. Turley [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.1023.0, 0000 0001 2193 0854, Central Queensland University, , Locked Bag 3333, [...]

Parental psychological control (PPC) is a parenting style more frequently observed in Asian countries that can be passed from generation to generation. It can exert negative consequences on children; therefore, it becomes essential to investigate its manifestation and associated factors. Intergeneration dynamics can provide valuable information on how psychological control transmits through parent-child interaction and identify potential target to intervene. The current study aimed to examine whether PPC of parents associated with that of their child through the endorsement of Chinese parenting beliefs of control by the child. Parents-child dyads including 632 two-parent families with children (293 females, 333 males, and six without report) from Henan and Sichuan Province of China participated in the current study. Apart from demographic information, both parents filled in the Chinese Parental Psychological Control Scale (CPPC). Children filled in the CPPC and Chinese parenting Beliefs Scale (TPBS). Results showed that the grandparents' PPC significantly associated with the parents' PPC. This transmission followed through a gender-specific path, i.e., grandmothers' PPC only associated with mother's PPC; grandfathers' PPC only associated with father's PPC. Chinese parenting beliefs mediated the transmission process, except that the mediation of transmission of paternal PPC was not found in the families with boys. The current study provided support of intergenerational transmission of PPC in the Chinese family. It also indicated different strategies Chinese fathers used to raise up daughter and son. It could inform the future practice to alter the parenting beliefs as a potential target to diminish the impact of PPC in China., Author(s): Ling Sun [sup.1] , Zhongfang Fu [sup.1] , Pingping Li [sup.1] , Xin Gong [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.20513.35, 0000 0004 1789 9964, School of Education, Beijing Normal University [...]

Greed, which is detrimental, is suggested to be a disposition developed at an early stage of life. Since parenting practices have profound impacts on youth development, the current study aimed to explore whether mindful parenting could prevent adolescents from being greedy and examine the mediating role of adolescent core self-evaluations. Study 1 (N = 272) used self-reported data from adolescents to test the hypotheses. Study 2 (N = 525) provided further evidence with multisource data from both adolescents and their primary caregivers (mainly mothers). The results indicated that both mindful parenting perceived by adolescents and mindful parenting reported by primary caregivers had significant impacts on adolescent dispositional greed, and the mediating effect of adolescent core self-evaluations was significant. Mindful parenting could inhibit adolescent greed partially by contributing positively to children's core self-evaluations. The theoretical and practical implications of the current study results as well as future research directions are discussed., Author(s): Zhenzhen Liu [sup.1] , Xiaomin Sun [sup.1] , Yarong Guo [sup.1] , Fang Luo [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.20513.35, 0000 0004 1789 9964, Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental [...]

Emerging adulthood is a developmental period marked by numerous life transitions, leading emerging adults to be susceptible to distress and related psychological risks. The current study investigated the effects of socially prescribed perfectionism and parental autonomy support on psychological stress among emerging adults. We implemented a two-wave longitudinal design spanning a six-month period and latent moderation structural equations, based on data collected from 220 South Korean emerging adults (103 males, aged from 21 to 31 years). Our findings indicated that socially prescribed perfectionism predicted longitudinal increases in perceived stress, whereas parental autonomy support did not. Moderation analysis revealed that for those with high socially prescribed perfectionism, more parental autonomy support was related to greater increases in perceived stress. The results suggested that the effect of parental autonomy support may not be universally beneficial to children's psychological distress. Rather, the effect might vary depending on cultural context and children's individual differences., Author(s): Hyunmo Seong [sup.1] , Sangeun Lee [sup.1] , Sang Min Lee [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.222754.4, 0000 0001 0840 2678, Department of Education, Korea University, , Seoul, South Korea [...]

Mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) are increasingly used to reduce parental stress and to enhance dyadic interactions between parents and children. Prior reviews examining the effects of MPBs for parents have assessed restricted target populations, limited outcomes measures, and have relied on uncontrolled studies. This systematic and meta-analytic review quantified the efficacy of MBPs for parents using comprehensive intrapersonal and interpersonal outcome measures and methodologically robust studies. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effect of MBPs on parents were identified, data were extracted, and assessed for risk of bias by two independent reviewers. Twenty studies (n = 1003) were included in the analyses. Programs had moderate effects for general stress (Hedge's g = 0.410), internalizing psychological symptoms (Hedge's g = 0.519), and well-being (Hedge's g = 0.588). Small-to-moderate effects were observed for combined mindfulness (Hedge's g = 0.295), parenting stress (Hedge's g = 0.284), and parenting behavior (Hedge's g = 0.299). Effects were not significant for parental interactions with children, marital outcomes, self-compassion, emotion regulation, general mindfulness, and mindful parenting. Subgroup analyses revealed that populations with medical conditions (Hedge's g = 1.203) benefited more from MBPs compared to populations with psychological symptoms (Hedge's g = 0.452). Furthermore, parents showed greater improvement on well-being when both parents and children engaged in mindfulness training (Hedge's g = 0.838) compared to parents alone (Hedge's g = 0.700). Results support the efficacy of MBPs in improving intrapersonal and interpersonal outcomes for parents. Diversity within the programs may contribute towards non-significant changes in general mindfulness and mindful parenting. Future studies should use standardized mindfulness-based parenting programs to enhance methodological rigor., Author(s): Leena Anand [sup.1] , Isabel Sadowski [sup.1] , Megan Per [sup.1] , Bassam Khoury [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.14709.3b, 0000 0004 1936 8649, Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, [...]