6 results on '"Sirois, Sylvain"'
Search Results
2. Pupil diameter measurement errors as a function of gaze direction in corneal reflection eyetrackers
- Author
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Brisson, Julie, Mainville, Marc, Mailloux, Dominique, Beaulieu, Christelle, Serres, Josette, and Sirois, Sylvain
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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3. But that’s possible! Infants, pupils, and impossible events
- Author
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Jackson, Iain and Sirois, Sylvain
- Subjects
Cognition ,Knowledge ,Pupillometry ,Infant Cognition ,Infant development ,Pupil dilation ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Humans ,Infant ,Pupil ,Recognition, Psychology ,Habituation ,Violation of expectations - Abstract
Infants’ expectations of the world around them have been extensively assessed through the violation of expectation paradigm and related habituation tasks. Typically, in these tasks, longer looking to impossible events following familiarisation with possible equivalents is taken to reflect surprise at their occurrence, thus revealing infants’ knowledge. In this study, the role of learning during the task itself is explored by switching the archetypal approach on its head and familiarising infants to impossible events. In a partial replication of Jackson and Sirois (2009), nine-month-old infants were presented with short video clips of toy trains moving around a circular track. A tunnel over a short section of the track meant trains were briefly occluded as they completed a circuit. In impossible versions of events, the train switched colours while occluded by the tunnel. Both looking times and pupil dilation were used as dependent measures. Using a factorial design in which perceptual (novelty-familiarity) and conceptual (possible-impossible) variables were independently and jointly analysed, we show that infants showed greater responding to possible events than to impossible events following familiarisation. Pupil dilation data successfully allowed for more precise interpretation of infants’ perception of events than could have been achieved through looking times alone. These findings suggest a central role for learning in violation of expectation tasks, and also further support the use of pupil dilation as a dependent measure in infancy work.
- Published
- 2022
4. The pupil collaboration: A multi-lab, multi-method analysis of goal attribution in infants.
- Author
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Sirois, Sylvain, Brisson, Julie, Blaser, Erik, Calignano, Giulia, Donenfeld, Jamie, Hepach, Robert, Hochmann, Jean-Rémy, Kaldy, Zsuzsa, Liszkowski, Ulf, Mayer, Marlena, Ross-Sheehy, Shannon, Russo, Sofia, and Valenza, Eloisa
- Subjects
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PUPILLARY reflex , *INFANTS , *SCHOOL children , *PUPILLOMETRY , *RECORDS management , *HABITUATION (Neuropsychology) , *TIME management , *OPEN-ended questions - Abstract
The rise of pupillometry in infant research over the last decade is associated with a variety of methods for data preprocessing and analysis. Although pupil diameter is increasingly recognized as an alternative measure of the popular cumulative looking time approach used in many studies (Jackson & Sirois, 2022), an open question is whether the many approaches used to analyse this variable converge. To this end, we proposed a crowdsourced approach to pupillometry analysis. A dataset from 30 9-month-old infants (15 girls; M age = 282.9 days, SD = 8.10) was provided to 7 distinct teams for analysis. The data were obtained from infants watching video sequences showing a hand, initially resting between two toys, grabbing one of them (after Woodward, 1998). After habituation, infants were shown (in random order) a sequence of four test events that varied target position and target toy. Results show that looking times reflect primarily the familiar path of the hand, regardless of target toy. Gaze data similarly show this familiarity effect of path. The pupil dilation analyses show that features of pupil baseline measures (duration and temporal location) as well as data retention variation (trial and/or participant) due to different inclusion criteria from the various analysis methods are linked to divergences in findings. Two of the seven teams found no significant findings, whereas the remaining five teams differ in the pattern of findings for main and interaction effects. The discussion proposes guidelines for best practice in the analysis of pupillometry data. • In-depth analysis of whether and how different approaches to analyzing pupillometry converge on conclusions • Novel approach to collaborative science, and a complement to recent multiple labs, multiple datasets, single analysis pipeline collaborations • Produces reusable analysis tools that facilitate dissemination and adoption of novel methods [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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5. Pupillometry.
- Author
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Sirois, Sylvain and Brisson, Julie
- Subjects
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PUPILLOMETRY , *PUPILLARY reflex , *COGNITIVE science , *GAZE & psychology , *DECISION making , *MEMORY - Abstract
Pupillometry is the study of changes in the diameter of the pupil as a function of cognitive processing. This review paper provides a brief historical overview of the study of pupillometry in cognitive science. The physiology of pupillary responses is introduced, leading to an outline of early pupillometry work, which began with the seminal work of Hess and Polt in the 1960s. The paper then presents a broad review of contemporary research in cognitive sciences that relies on pupillometry. This review is organized around five general domains, namely perception, language processing, memory and decision making, emotion and cognition, and cognitive development. In order to illustrate the nature of the method, and the challenges of analysis, the next section of the review details the process of compiling, processing, and analyzing data from a simple, typical pupillometry study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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6. How do infants recognize joint attention?
- Author
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Gustafsson, Erik, Brisson, Julie, Beaulieu, Christelle, Mainville, Marc, Mailloux, Dominique, and Sirois, Sylvain
- Subjects
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ATTENTION , *INFANT psychology , *NATURAL immunity , *SOCIAL interaction , *DATA analysis - Abstract
The emergence of joint attention is still a matter of vigorous debate. It involves diverse hypotheses ranging from innate modules dedicated to intention reading to more neuro-constructivist approaches. The aim of this study was to assess whether 12-month-old infants are able to recognize a “joint attention” situation when observing such a social interaction. Using a violation-of-expectation paradigm, we habituated infants to a “joint attention” video and then compared their looking time durations between “divergent attention” videos and “joint attention” ones using a 2 (familiar or novel perceptual component) × 2 (familiar or novel conceptual component) factorial design. These results were enriched with measures of pupil dilation, which are considered to be reliable measures of cognitive load. Infants looked longer at test events that involved novel speaker and divergent attention but no changes in infants’ pupil dilation were observed in any conditions. Although looking time data suggest that infants may appreciate discrepancies from expectations related to joint attention behavior, in the absence of clear evidence from pupillometry, the results show no demonstration of understanding of joint attention, even at a tacit level. Our results suggest that infants may be sensitive to relevant perceptual variables in joint attention situations, which would help scaffold social cognitive development. This study supports a gradual, learning interpretation of how infants come to recognize, understand, and participate in joint attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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