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Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder which could impair someone's quality of life and is also associated with poor outcomes from many diseases. Currently, the evidence regarding the link between OSA and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still conflicting. This study aims to analyze the relationship between OSA and poor outcomes of COVID-19.Materials and Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed and Europe PMC database using specific keywords related to our aims until December 10th, 2020. All articles published on COVID-19 and OSA were retrieved. The quality of the study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) tool for observational studies. Statistical analysis was done using Review Manager 5.4 software.Results: A total of 21 studies with 54,276 COVID-19 patients were included in this meta-analysis. This meta-analysis showed that OSA was associated with composite poor outcome [OR 1.72 (95% CI 1.55-1.91), p < 0.00001, I2 = 36%, random-effect modeling] and its subgroup which comprised of severe COVID-19 [OR 1.70 (95% CI 1.18-2.45), p = 0.005], ICU admissions [OR 1.76 (95% CI 1.51-2.05), p < 0.00001], the need for mechanical ventilation [OR 1.67 (95% CI 1.48-1.88), p < 0.00001], and mortality [OR 1.74 (95% CI 1.39-2.19), p < 0.00001].Conclusions: Extra care and close monitoring should be provided to patients with OSA to minimize the risk of infections. Simple questionnaires such as STOP-Bang questionnaire can be used for screening patients who may be at risk for severe adverse outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Low muscle mass is one of the prognostic factor that may lead to negative outcome and is the major feature of cancer cachexia, including breast cancer. Sarcopenia is associated with reduced quality of life (QoL) and survival. There is limited data reported about this association. The aim of this study is to know the comparison between low muscle mass and Quality of Life in Indonesian Breast Cancer Patients. Methods The data was collected using cross-sectional Method from October 2018- February 2019. Patients who had breast cancer and have underwent chemotherapy are included in this study and evaluated using BR-23 questionnaire, and Bioelectric Impedance Analysis (BIA) to assess their muscle mass with the cut-off of 5.7 kg/m2. the comparison between both lower muscle mass and higher muscle mass to QoL are evaluated using t-test in SPSS version 24.0. Result From 36 patients with mean age 48.28 +- 9.8 , median muscle mass is 5.92 ranged from 4.48 to 8.32. Patient with low muscle mass had functional mean of QoL 54.55% +-8.45 and symptoms mean of QoL 85.34% +- 3.09. while Patient with normal muscle mass had functional mean of QoL 56.02% +-8.8 and symptoms mean of QoL 86.51+-12.05. The Association between muscle mass and QoL is defined as p-value of 0.658. Conclusion Patients with low muscle mass have lower QoL, whereas patient with high muscle mass have better QoL. However, muscle mass association to quality of life is still unclear. Thus, further study with greater sample is needed to confirm the result [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background As of 2012¸ breast cancer accounts for 59% prevalence rate in Asia. The WHO identifies breast cancer as leading cancer in Indonesian women with 48.998 cases in 2014 with 48.9% incidence rate as well as 21.4% mortality rate out of 92.220 total deaths caused by cancers. Based on a research done in the UŞ initial diagnosis has evoked a state of shocķ fear and disbelief for the patients. Most women experience at least some psychosocial distress during the course of their breast cancer diagnosis. Even after appropriate treatments, 18% of women had posttraumatic stress symptomş many reported lymphedema (27%) and numbness (20%) as persistent problems. This contributed to significant psychosocial distress that can interfere with functioning which makes it necessary to assess the QoL within Indonesian femalés breast cancer patients. Objective The objective of this study was to test the reliability and validity of the Indonesian version of the EORTC QLQ-BR23 to assess the health-related quality of life of women with breast cancer in Indonesia. Methods The QLQ-BR23 questionnaire were distributed to 25 breast cancer patients in the Oncology Department of Siloam General Hospitaļ Karawaci¸ Tangerang. Data were collected using Microsoft Excel 2016 and was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 with descriptive statistic and pearson correlation statistics. Results Kolmogorov¯Smirnov test and Shapiro¯Wilk test for age showed results > 0.05 which indicates a normal distribution. Howeveŗ item statistics for Blr, SFr, Ser, FPr, STSEr, BSr, ASr and UHLr all showed a relatively low Cronbach's Alpha (<0.70) ranging from 0.378 to 0.56 which implies a low internal reliability. Conclusions In generaļ the findings of this study indicated that the Indonesian version of QLQ-BR23 validation that we did has not met the hypothesis and expected results. Further study is needed to achieve more reliable results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low muscle mass is one of the prognostic factor that may lead to negative outcome and is the major feature of cancer cachexia, including breast cancer. Sarcopenia is associated with reduced quality of life (QoL) and survival. There is limited data reported about this association. The aim of this study is to know the comparison between low muscle mass and Quality of Life in Indonesian Breast Cancer Patients. The data was collected using cross-sectional Method from October 2018- February 2019. Patients who had breast cancer and have underwent chemotherapy are included in this study and evaluated using BR-23 questionnaire, and Bioelectric Impedance Analysis (BIA) to assess their muscle mass with the cut-off of 5.7 kg/m2. the comparison between both lower muscle mass and higher muscle mass to QoL are evaluated using t-test in SPSS version 24.0. From 36 patients with mean age 48.28 +- 9.8 , median muscle mass is 5.92 ranged from 4.48 to 8.32. Patient with low muscle mass had functional mean of QoL 54.55% +-8.45 and symptoms mean of QoL 85.34% +- 3.09. while Patient with normal muscle mass had functional mean of QoL 56.02% +-8.8 and symptoms mean of QoL 86.51+-12.05. The Association between muscle mass and QoL is defined as p-value of 0.658. Patients with low muscle mass have lower QoL, whereas patient with high muscle mass have better QoL. However, muscle mass association to quality of life is still unclear. Thus, further study with greater sample is needed to confirm the result [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Cancer patients with low performance status (PS) will have worst survival than patients with good PS. In elderly patients with low PS have lower quality of life (QoL) score. The study between PS and QoL in breast cancer patients is still limited. The purpose of this research is to find correlation between the QoL and PS in breast cancer patients. Method A cross-sectional study was done in our general hospital starting from October 2018 until February 2019. The patients included are those diagnosed with breast cancer and have undergone chemotherapy. QoL is assessed using Breast 23 (BR23) questionnaire which evaluates the functional and symptoms scale of the patient, 0% is the worst function and most symptoms and 100% is the best function and no symptoms. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) was used to assess the patient´s PS. The ECOG has a scoring system (0-5) which 0 defines as fully active and 5 as dead. The correlation between both variables was analyzed with spearman using SPSS version 24.0. Result From 34 patients with mean age 47.09±9.268, have mean symptoms 55.51±8.36 and mean functional 86.22±11.29. The PS data showed 50% of the patients are fully active. BR23 score mean symptoms 57.1%±9.17% and mean functional 90.78%±8.06% was found in fully active patients. Meanwhile, BR23 score with mean symptoms 53.92%±7.4% and mean functional 81.66%±12.4% was found in patients with restriction (p-value=0.016). Conclusion There is significant association between PS and QoL in breast cancer patients. Fully active patients have better QoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Chemotherapy, which still is the first line for Breast Cancer treatment, plays a significant role in the undesirable side effects including Gastrointestinal Chemotherapy Toxicity, such as Nausea, Vomiting. Even though there are a lot of studies which show adequate Quality of Life (QoL), minimum data is reported in Indonesia on breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study is to assess the QoL in the breast cancer patient in Indonesia influenced by GI chemotherapy toxicity. Method A cross-sectional study was done at the general hospital in Tangerang, Indonesia from October 2018- February 2019. The breast cancer patient who has underwent adjuvant chemotherapy is included in this study and assessed using BR23 questionnaire which assess the functional and symptoms scale of the patient, ranged from 0% (worst function and most symptoms) to 100% (the best function and no symptoms) and National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (> 1 consider as toxic). Association between both variables are analysed with Spearmańs correlation using SPSS version 24.0 Result The data was collected from 32 patients with mean age of 47.72 ±9.095. It is found that functional scale mean is 55.47% ± 8.53 and toxicity scale mean is 85.89% ±11.61. 30 patients has experienced no chemotherapy toxicity. The association between Functional QoL and Gastrointestinal Chemotherapy Toxicity is defined as 0.254 with the p -value of 0.161, while the association between Symptoms QoL and Gastrointestinal Chemotherapy Toxicity is defined as - 0.308 with the p -value of 0.08. Conclusion Majority of the patients shows adequate Quality of Life and no experienced any chemotherapy toxicity. the association between QoL and Gastrointestinal Chemotherapy Toxicity is low. Thus, further investigation with greater number of sample is needed to confirm the result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Previous studies have shown that the prevalence of anemia increases following chemotherapy. Anemia is associated with a decline of quality of life in cancer patients. But there is limited study in breast cancer population. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association of anemia and quality of life in breast cancer patients before chemotherapy. Methods The study was done using a cross-sectional Method in our general hospital in Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia from October 2018-March 2019. Breast cancer patients who are yet to receive chemotherapy are included in this study. A blood sample is taken before chemotherapy for hemoglobin (Hb) level assessment with cut-off <12 mg/dL for anemia, and quality of life is assessed using European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer breast cancer specific-quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-BR23) which evaluates the functional and symptoms scale of the patient, 0% is the worst function and most symptoms and 100% is the best function and no symptoms. Association of the two variables are analysed with T-test correlation using SPSS version 24.0 Results From 37 breast cancer patients with mean age 48.08±9.736, anemia is found in 20 (54%) subjects. When assessed with QLQ-BR23, mean functional and mean symptoms scale in anemic patient is 54.27%±8.77% and 83.27%±12.77% respectively. Mean functional and mean symptoms scale in normal patient is 55.64%±7.96% and 89.85%±7.86% respectively (p-value=0.064). Conclusion The association of anemia and quality of life in breast cancer patients before chemotherapy is not clinically significant but further study with a larger sample size is needed to confirm this findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer patients with low performance status (PS) will have worst survival than patients with good PS. In elderly patients with low PS have lower quality of life (QoL) score. The study between PS and QoL in breast cancer patients is still limited. The purpose of this research is to find correlation between the QoL and PS in breast cancer patients. A cross-sectional study was done in our general hospital starting from October 2018 until February 2019. The patients included are those diagnosed with breast cancer and have undergone chemotherapy. QoL is assessed using Breast 23 (BR23) questionnaire which evaluates the functional and symptoms scale of the patient, 0% is the worst function and most symptoms and 100% is the best function and no symptoms. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) was used to assess the patient´s PS. The ECOG has a scoring system (0-5) which 0 defines as fully active and 5 as dead. The correlation between both variables was analyzed with spearman using SPSS version 24.0. From 34 patients with mean age 47.09±9.268, have mean symptoms 55.51±8.36 and mean functional 86.22±11.29. The PS data showed 50% of the patients are fully active. BR23 score mean symptoms 57.1%±9.17% and mean functional 90.78%±8.06% was found in fully active patients. Meanwhile, BR23 score with mean symptoms 53.92%±7.4% and mean functional 81.66%±12.4% was found in patients with restriction (p-value=0.016). There is significant association between PS and QoL in breast cancer patients. Fully active patients have better QoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemotherapy, which still is the first line for Breast Cancer treatment, plays a significant role in the undesirable side effects including Gastrointestinal Chemotherapy Toxicity, such as Nausea, Vomiting. Even though there are a lot of studies which show adequate Quality of Life (QoL), minimum data is reported in Indonesia on breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study is to assess the QoL in the breast cancer patient in Indonesia influenced by GI chemotherapy toxicity. A cross-sectional study was done at the general hospital in Tangerang, Indonesia from October 2018- February 2019. The breast cancer patient who has underwent adjuvant chemotherapy is included in this study and assessed using BR23 questionnaire which assess the functional and symptoms scale of the patient, ranged from 0% (worst function and most symptoms) to 100% (the best function and no symptoms) and National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (> 1 consider as toxic). Association between both variables are analysed with Spearmańs correlation using SPSS version 24.0 The data was collected from 32 patients with mean age of 47.72 ±9.095. It is found that functional scale mean is 55.47% ± 8.53 and toxicity scale mean is 85.89% ±11.61. 30 patients has experienced no chemotherapy toxicity. The association between Functional QoL and Gastrointestinal Chemotherapy Toxicity is defined as 0.254 with the p -value of 0.161, while the association between Symptoms QoL and Gastrointestinal Chemotherapy Toxicity is defined as - 0.308 with the p -value of 0.08. Majority of the patients shows adequate Quality of Life and no experienced any chemotherapy toxicity. the association between QoL and Gastrointestinal Chemotherapy Toxicity is low. Thus, further investigation with greater number of sample is needed to confirm the result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have shown that the prevalence of anemia increases following chemotherapy. Anemia is associated with a decline of quality of life in cancer patients. But there is limited study in breast cancer population. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association of anemia and quality of life in breast cancer patients before chemotherapy. The study was done using a cross-sectional Method in our general hospital in Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia from October 2018-March 2019. Breast cancer patients who are yet to receive chemotherapy are included in this study. A blood sample is taken before chemotherapy for hemoglobin (Hb) level assessment with cut-off <12 mg/dL for anemia, and quality of life is assessed using European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer breast cancer specific-quality of life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-BR23) which evaluates the functional and symptoms scale of the patient, 0% is the worst function and most symptoms and 100% is the best function and no symptoms. Association of the two variables are analysed with T-test correlation using SPSS version 24.0 From 37 breast cancer patients with mean age 48.08±9.736, anemia is found in 20 (54%) subjects. When assessed with QLQ-BR23, mean functional and mean symptoms scale in anemic patient is 54.27%±8.77% and 83.27%±12.77% respectively. Mean functional and mean symptoms scale in normal patient is 55.64%±7.96% and 89.85%±7.86% respectively (p-value=0.064). The association of anemia and quality of life in breast cancer patients before chemotherapy is not clinically significant but further study with a larger sample size is needed to confirm this findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]