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Copyright of Dados - Revista de Ciências Sociais is the property of DADOS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

At the center of decades-long water conflicts in northwest Costa Rica, a particular fact has had a contentious status: whether the aquifers supplying the area hold sufficient water for collective life. I refer to this as the sufficiency fact, which has been established, debunked, and reestablished multiple times. To understand this peculiar dynamic, I zoom into discussions among community and business representatives about the future of these aquifers. There, in the density of social life, I show how as place-specific formations, facts are "long" entities that remain tied to their interpretations and, crucially, to their potential consequences. As opposed to the ideal of short facts that characterizes modern science, long facts reveal the rich social life that facticity takes in the twenty-first century. Long facts are always contested, explicitly political, and unable to be separated from their potential consequences. In contrast to scholarship that diagnoses the loss of the value of truth within the contemporary moment, I suggest it is critical to understand the abundance of regimes of facticity that surround us and what they make possible leaving behind assumptions of deficit and lack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines datafication of the reproductive body in India through use of femtech mobile phone applications (henceforth, apps). Femtech apps quantify reproductive processes such as periods, conception, pregnancy and hormonal health and promise their users greater 'self-awareness' and 'control' through 'self-management'. Most studies on femtech refer to users in the Global North, while there are few studies on femtech adoption in the developing countries. This article, based on qualitative and quantitative data, and informed by a feminist technoscience framework, illustrates how femtech's promise of empowerment through datafication of reproduction is fraught with contradictions and tensions, and has exclusionary and risky consequences for Indian users. It examines the gendered technological landscape's bearing on concrete practices of design and innovation, and shows how femtech reinforces gendered social hierarchies rather than dismantling them and liberating users. Under datafication, health standards become extremely narrowly defined, marginalising those whose reproductive health trajectories may not conform to normative standards. Femtech's proliferation in India has also failed to recognise the structural inequalities and socio-economic disadvantages that characterise healthcare access. Finally, the legal grey areas and ill-defined data privacy policies in India allow for easy commercialisation of users' bodies and personal data possible. This further undermines the liberational rhetoric of femtech, as data privacy breaches are embodied forms of violence with consequences for users' bodily autonomy and dignity. Femtech's pursuit of maximising commercial gain is thus at odds with the feminist technoscience project of minimising women's exploitation and oppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay explores two types of population policies common in Arab countries: pro‐natalist policies, aimed at encouraging higher birth rates, and anti‐natalist policies, aimed at reducing birth rates. Determining their practical impact is often challenging due to the lack of control or comparison groups. However, historical policy patterns in two groups of Arab countries over the past six decades offer a unique opportunity for comparison. Between the 1970s and 1990s these two groups implemented opposing programs (pro‐ vs. anti‐natalist), followed by predominantly anti‐natalist policies in both groups. By comparing fertility rates between these groups and discussing various factors influencing fertility changes, this study suggests that the influence of population policies in Arab countries may have been smaller than anticipated, to the point that it is questionable whether they have been worthwhile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polarity shifting can be considered one of the most challenging problems in the context of sentiment analysis. Polarity shifters are treated as linguistic contextual items that can increment, reduce or neutralise the polarity of a word called 'focus' included in an opinion. The automatic detection of such items enhances performance and accuracy of computational systems for opinion mining. From a symbolic approach, we aim to advance in the automatic processing of the polarity shifters that affect the opinions expressed on tweets in English. To this end, we describe a novel knowledge-based model to deal with quantification in English, which increments or reduces the polarity of opinions. In particular, we explain the linguistic rules of each category of quantification shifter, including information about the scope and direction with respect to the focus. Furthermore, we present the mathematical formulae that calculate the strength of the effect on the prior polarity. Finally, we describe the matrices associated to the linguistic rules, which serve to model the knowledge in text-mining systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eastern New Mexico, part of the Great Plains in the USA, has often been neglected for its studies of butterfly diversity because of its arid climate and flat landscape. This study was conducted to assess the current species richness and abundance of butterflies in two sub-ecoregions of the Great Plains in central eastern NM, including the Semiarid Canadian Breaks and the Llano Estacado. The survey was conducted at selected focal sites in each sub-ecoregion from January to November 2023. A modified Pollard walk technique was employed to collect cumulative monthly data on the diversity of adult butterflies. A total of 856 individuals belonging to 46 species were counted for the Semiarid Canadian breaks, while a total of 812 individuals belonging to 65 species were counted for the Llano Estacado sub-ecoregion. The Shannon diversity index, Shannon equitability index, and relative abundance were calculated for each sub-ecoregion and a local abundance index was designed to rank the density of butterflies. Checklists of butterflies were prepared, along with information related to their residential status, phenology, and local abundance. Six new locality distributions were recorded from Llano Estacado, including Cupido amyntula (Boisduval, 1852), Gesta tristis tatius (W. H. Edwards, 1883), Polites carus (W. H. Edwards, 1883), Celastrina sp., Ministrymon leda (W. H. Edwards, 1882), and Polygonia satyrus satyrus (W. H. Edwards, 1869). The extensions of their ranges are discussed. A comparison of the diversity of butterflies between the two sub-ecoregions revealed a significant difference in the species abundances. Additionally, a significant difference was found among different families and their species abundances and among the different months and their species abundances in both sub-ecoregions. A total of 206 voucher specimens were collected during this study and were deposited at the Natural History Museum of Eastern New Mexico University, Portales. Overall, this study has helped to quantify the diversity of butterflies for 2023 in central eastern New Mexico. The baseline data generated from this study can be subjected to various ecological analyses for additional diversity analysis, and this research can also be replicated over years to observe the changes in diversity with changing environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Criminologie is the property of Presses de l'Universite de Montreal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Globally, there has been a significant increase in solid waste with environmental implications. Management and integrated management proposals, based on what type of waste is produced and in what proportion, are required to mitigate the generation of solid waste and its effects. This article reports the results of a characterization and quantification study at the Liceo V.A.L. school in Bogotá, D.C. Three categories of analysis and 4 sampling points were established. A total of 180 samples were studied during the years 2023 and 2024. The total amount of solid waste generated was 128.34 kg. Sixty-four percent of the waste generated corresponded to non-usable waste (black container), 21 % to organic waste (green container) and 15 % to usable waste (white container). The daily per capita generation was 0.03 kg/person-day. The highest solid waste generation was observed in the cooperative area (35 %) and the lowest in the preschool area (11 %). Incorrect separation at the source explains the high percentage of solid waste in the black container. The characterization of the waste in the white container showed that PET (1) waste (26 %) and plastic yogur containers (HDPE) (2) (20 %) presented the highest percentage by mass. These wastes have a high recycling potential, which is why it is essential to improve the separation process in order to reduce the amount of solid waste disposed of in the landfill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers an exhaustive description of the grammatical and semantic properties of minimum-quantity superlatives, namely superlative expressions, generally formed with the lexical superlative mínimo ‘minimum’, which denote a minimum quantity or degree. In addition to their quantitative meaning, these constructions have a modal flavor that distinguishes two classes: those formed with a restrictive complement of teleological modality (las condiciones mínimas necesarias ‘the minimum necessary conditions’) and those in which the restrictive complement is a dynamic modal of possibility (los mínimos errores posibles ‘the least possible mistakes). Based on the syntactic and semantic differences between the two types of superlatives, we propose a different analysis for each one: while the teleological mínimo is a restrictive modifier, the dynamic mínimo is a true quantifier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the construction and circulation of standardized categories used to quantify the labor force in the twentieth century, based on the case of the Economically Active Population indicator. This metric was part of a global movement toward the homogeneous production of figures, the construction of new disciplinary knowledge and the formation of contact networks. For Argentina, we reconstruct its early uses by José Francisco Figuerola, Juan Carlos Elizaga and Gino Germani, connection they had to international spheres and their positioning with respect to the term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Técnica Tributaria is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Asesores Fiscales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Epinephrine bitartrate, also known as epinephrine, is an important pharmaceutical ingredient in the treatment of various diseases, but its accurate measurement is essential to ensure the safety of the drug. The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) sets the standards for its analysis, but the choice of method affects the precision of the measurements. This study investigates how different methods affect the measurements of epinephrine bitartrate based on USP-43 and USP-44, which have significant implications for drug quality and regulation in the field. Method: The volumetric method and chromatographic method were chosen for comparison. High-purity epinephrine bitartrate samples that met USP-43 and USP-44 standards were used. Results: The results obtained by both methods are compared with and evaluated according to the specification limits defined by USP-43 and USP-44. The values obtained for some parameters, such as the concentration and purity of epinephrine tartrate, vary considerably between the different analytical methods. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of carefully selecting analytical methods when evaluating epinephrine tartrate according to USP-43 and USP-44 guidelines. The choice of technology affects the results and, therefore, the quality and safety of the pharmaceutical products containing this substance. It is recommended to validate the method in each laboratory and compare the results with USP standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Literatura y Lingüística is the property of Universidad Catolica Cardenal Raul Silva Henriquez and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte is the property of Centro Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Determinar la contribución diagnóstica de la cuantificación absoluta del depósito miocárdico de 99mTc-DPD en pacientes con amiloidosis cardiaca por depósitos de transtiretina (ATTR). Se realizó SPECT/TC a 41 pacientes con resultado gammagráfico positivo para amiloidosis cardiaca ATTR. Se dividió a los pacientes en dos grupos (grados 2 y 3 de Perugini) y se calcularon los SUVmax a nivel del hueso y de ambos ventrículos y el porcentaje de dosis calculado en estas áreas. Se empleó la prueba t de Student para comparar resultados y se calculó el área bajo la curva (AUC) para evaluar la eficacia diferencial y establecer unos puntos de corte discriminatorios entre ambos grupos de pacientes. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en todas las variables a estudio, a excepción del SUVmax hueso. Las diferencias con mayor potencia estadística se observaron en las variables SUVmax VD y el porcentaje de dosis en ambos ventrículos (p < 0,001). El punto de corte obtenido para la variable SUVmax VI fue de 8,620 (sensibilidad del 87,9% y especificidad del 100%; AUC: 0,966), mientras que el de la variable SUVmax VD fue de 6,195 (sensibilidad del 81,8% y especificidad del 100%; AUC: 0,955). La cuantificación absoluta de la captación miocárdica de 99mTc-DPD en las imágenes SPECT/TC de pacientes con sospecha de amiloidosis cardiaca por depósitos de transtiretina supone una nueva herramienta diagnóstica que permite una adecuada clasificación de los pacientes, acorde a la escala de gradación visual de Perugini. To determine the diagnostic contribution of the absolute quantification of the myocardial deposit of 99mTc-DPD in patients with cardiac amyloidosis due to transthyretin deposits (ATTR). SPECT/CT was performed on 41 patients with positive scintigraphic results for ATTR cardiac amyloidosis. The patients were divided into two groups (Perugini grades 2 and 3) and the SUVmax at the level of the bone and both ventricles and the percentage of dose calculated in these areas were calculated. Student's t -test was used to compare results and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to assess differential efficacy and establish discriminatory cut-off points between both groups of patients. Statistically significant differences were observed in all the study variables, with the exception of SUVmax bone. The differences with the greatest statistical power were observed in the variables SUVmax RV and the percentage of dose in both ventricles (P <.001). The cut-off point obtained for the variable SUVmax LV was 8.620 (sensitivity 87.9% and specificity 100%; AUC: 0.966), while that of the variable SUVmax RV was 6.195 (sensitivity 81.8% and specificity 100%; AUC: 0.955). The absolute quantification of myocardial uptake of 99mTc-DPD in the SPECT/CT images of patients with suspected cardiac amyloidosis due to transthyretin deposits represents a new diagnostic tool that allows an adequate classification of patients, according to the visual grading scale of Perugini. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of Hg in gold mining processes generates waste with a high content of this heavy metal, which can reach different aqueous media due to its constant discharge. In areas of mining activity such as the municipality of Suarez-Cauca, mercury levels between 0,094 µg/L and 1,000 µg/L have been found in microbasins near gold beneficiation plants. According to the above, an analytical methodology for the determination of mercury (Hg) by Cold Vapor-Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (CV-AAS) was validated taking into account the levels allowed by the EPA SW-846 standard for water samples and sediments. This work began with the implementation of Hg calibration curves and digestion processes to determine linearity, repeatability, and working range. The known concentration standards and real samples were evaluated under the typical analytical characteristics in the validation such as linearity, detection limit, quantification limit, precision, accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, recovery percentages and uncertainty. The validated methodology met the required statistical parameters such as linearity and instrumental precision, registering variation coefficients less than 3%, a quantification limit of 0,35 µg/L and recovery percentages between 97,26 and 101,62%. A performance test was performed with reference samples to ensure reliable analytical results. Values of uncertainties of ± 0,064, ± 0,0440 and ± 0,0410 were obtained for liquid, solid and leached solid samples respectively. Real samples were taken to be analyzed with the validated method. The results obtained allow the determination of Hg in water and sediments in the environmental laboratory of the C.R.C of Popayán-Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT. In Mexican Spanish, the indefinite quantifier "uno que otro" is used to refer to low cardinalities of entities separated over space or time. Even though they have a strictly singular form, noun phrases with "uno que otro" always refer to more than one entity. And, despite their notional content of plurality, they reject collective predicates. In this paper we propose a semantic analysis of this expression as a distributive indefinite, that is, an indefinite whose reference covaries as a function of a distributive operator, in the way that adnominal distributive numerals do in other languages (Gil, 1983; Cable, 2014). Distributive numerals are supposed not to exist in Spanish; however, we claim that "uno que otro" is a distributed share marker (Choe, 1987; Bosnić et al 2020) related to a set of events (Balusu, 2006; Cable, 2014; Romero, 2006). This set is necessarily plural, although of low cardinality, and involves the precondition that its elements (atomic events) occur in non-contiguous time or space intervals. The semantic characterization of "uno que otro" as a distributive indefinite captures its referential dependence, its plural sense, its rejection of collective predicates and its content of separation as a secondary effect of a precondition on the events over which it is distributed. We thus show that Spanish has an adnominal expression of the same semantic nature as distributive numerals, with the precision that it requires distribution over events and not over entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article was carried out with the purpose of creating a methodology for the classification and valuation of Landscape Heritage Sites - LHS's in the municipalities of Itapema, Porto Belo and Bombinhas (central-north coast of the State of Santa Catarina), in order to contribute to the conservation actions of the landscape heritage of the studied territory. The LHS’s were identified based on fieldwork carried out, and a evaluation form was elaborated with basic information such as the location and identification of the LHS with the purpose of including a qualitative evaluation. The quantitative and numerical evaluation that originated the landscape value (100%) was subdivided into geoscientific value (20%), ecological value (20%), cultural value (20%) and aesthetic value (40%), covering the biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic elements of the landscape. In addition to these values, the Use Value and the Degradation Risk were analyzed. A total of 34 LHS’s were recognized and went through the stage of systematization and search for in-depth information, however, only 10 were presented in this article. The results obtained were satisfactory for the evaluation of the landscape heritage and tourist use, considering the potential of the territory, but without forgetting the risks of using LHS’s without adequate monitoring of the impacts resulting from human actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chromatography permits chemical components' separation, identification, and quantification in complex mixtures. Chromatographic methods have various applications, which include the determination of an agrochemical solvent percentage and its utilization in the food-processing industry. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography (GC) are essential for agriculture. Both types are used in numerous research studies today thanks to their versatility, sensitivity, reproducibility, and quickness. Aim: To discuss the main results of studies that include GC and HPLC in agriculture. Materials and methods: The study relied on a compilation of recent papers, where these techniques play a critical role in this area of science. Results: The utilization of GC and HPLC in agriculture contributed to relevant results, from the analysis of fatty acids profile in the formulation of a diet for animal nutrition, to the determination and quantification of agrochemical residues in plants, the detection of contaminants in the diets, and drug residues that compromise the lives of animals. Conclusions: The use of chromatography is an essential methodology for biochemical, toxicological, structural, and agro-industrial studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ingeniería (0121-750X) is the property of Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article raises the limitations and risks of the use of quantification to attribute responsibilities for mass crimes in transitional justice. I question the inconsistencies in the official registry of forced displacement in Colombia with respect to the distribution of responsibilities of the armed actors, taking into account the historical trajectory of the armed conflict and the differences with social records, for which I propose to investigate the conditions under which the registration technology operates and how these affect the production of figures that circulate in the public sphere with claims of truth. I propose that the production of testimonial evidence on which the official registry is based changes according to state policies and the dynamics of the armed conflict, highlighting the importance of historically and contextually situating the official registry and how the armed conflict not only leaves victims but also produces its own representations and opacities through the story told by the official registry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Potatoes are the main vegetable produced in Costa Rica, however, basic information about the interaction of nematodes and alternative hosts in potato fields is lacking. The objective of this study was to identify the plant-parasitic nematodes associated with weeds in potato fields from the northern area of Cartago, Costa Rica. Weeds from 15 potato fields (3 months after planting) were sampled. To determine the most frequent weed species, 5 sections (approximately 4 m²) were sampled in each field using a 1 m² square. The most frequent weed species (a maximum of five) were selected, and five composite root samples per weed were processed for subsequent nematode identification and quantification. Twenty-seven weed species were identified in the potato fields, with Brassica campestris, Lepidium virginicum, and Poa annua among the six most frequent weed species. Fifteen nematode genera, two families, and a subfamily were identified associated with weed roots. There were statistical differences between endoparasitic nematodes. Pratylenchus had the highest frequency of occurrence relative to heteroderids and Meloidogyne. Pratylenchus also had the highest average population density of the endoparasitic nematodes with 31,056 nematodes/100 g of roots. Our results provide valuable information for the integrated management of nematodes. Alternative hosts such as weeds should be managed after the potato production cycle. Fallow could increase population densities of plant-parasitic nematodes, detrimental to other common crops in the region, such as onions and carrots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M. is the property of Knowledge E DMCC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Postpartum hemorrhage is a complication, that is not timely detected with the visual estimation of bleeding. Material and methods: A standardized protocol for the gravimetric quantification of postpartum bleeding was implemented to improve the ability to identify abnormal bleeding in patients undergoing caesarean section. A prospective, comparative, non-randomized study evaluated the improvement intervention. Compliance with the protocol, classification of postpartum bleeding before and after intervention; and the association between methodologies for assessing bleeding and postpartum bleeding classification were determined. Fisher z tests, p < 0.05 significant. Results: Compliance with the standardized protocol was 53% (± 0.18). In the post-intervention group, the frequency of abnormal postpartum bleeding increased by 30% with respect to the baseline group (p < 0.05). A significant association was demonstrated between gravimetric quantification of postpartum bleeding and abnormal postpartum bleeding. Conclusion: The implementation of the protocol for the gravimetric quantification of postpartum bleeding was possible. It improved the ability to identify abnormal postpartum bleeding in patients undergoing cesarean section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cubana de Ciencias Informáticas is the property of Universidad de las Ciencias Informaticas (UCI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Espacio, Tiempo y Forma: Serie I, Prehistoria y Arqueología is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este estudio toma como participantes a 13 niños (media de edad=5;07) bilingües (euskera-español) dominantes en euskera, y contrasta sus resultados con los de niños monolingües (español/euskera) y con adultos (español/euskera) a modo de control. Se empleó una tarea de evaluación de oraciones para (1) testar su conocimiento sobre el significado semántico-pragmático de los cuantificadores algunos y batzuk ‘algunos’ y para (2) comparar (i) las interpretaciones de los bilingües con las de los monolingües y (ii) las de los bilingües en sus dos lenguas. Los resultados mostraron similitudes tanto entre (i) los monolingües y los bilingües como entre (ii) las dos lenguas de los bilingües. Las similitudes entre los grupos de niños (Antoniou et al. 2013, Syrett et al. 2017) parecen obedecer al patrón del desarrollo observado interlingüísticamente (Noveck 2004, Katsos et al. 2016), más que a la (presencia o ausencia de) convergencia bilingüe en la adquisición de cuantificadores débiles.

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Objectives. The study of the attentional function, a focus of interest in the neurosciences field, can be carried out through electroencephalographic quantification, a non-invasive technique that enables the evaluation of the brain activity. The objective of this work is to analyze the attention/concentration of staff of the Spanish Armed Forces in tactical simulations of handling military vehicles. For this purpose, variations in cortical bioelectric numerical complexity are analyzed when moving from resting states to simulation tasks, and with the difficulty of the task. Material and methods. Electroencephalographic signals were analyzed from a group of 36 volunteer subjects with the Mobility, an estimator of the average frequency of the signal that measures the standard deviation of the derivative of the signal in reference to the standard deviation of the amplitude. The data have been statistically studied by means of an exploratory survey, an analysis of variance of two factors and a hypothesis test. Results. An increase of the cortical average of Mobility is observed in each type of electroencephalogram as the task becomes more complex and requires more attention, and decreases as the activity ceases. Mobility shows a considerable increase in the occipital and part of the temporal areas during the simulations, which shows the activation of the signals corresponding to the primary visual area and the primary auditory cortex. Conclusions. Mobility detects changes in the activity of different cortical areas with the change in cognitive tasks. Thus, it can be considered a good indicator of brain activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2009, the Colombian Constitutional Court issued ruling Auto 004, declaring 34 indigenous groups as being at risk of extermination due to the internal armed conflict and ordered the Colombian government, led by the Interior Ministry, to protect them. Since then, although the critical situation persists, the government has proven its compliance with the Court's order through a documentation process. The purpose of this article is to examine the role of documentation in mediating legal protection in a violent context. Based on yearlong participant observation at the Colombian Interior Ministry, the study approaches the production of the government's documentary response as an artifact. It addresses its formulation and context within the institutional setting, the discussions regarding what to include and what to exclude, and the decisions that shape its content. It highlights how the assembled document enchants, by skillfully combining the aesthetics and technical aspects. It illustrates how numbers that portray compliance are constructed and displayed in the document, while concealing the failure to make the changes that were ordered: a phenomenon termed here as complying incompliantly. The paper's originality lies in deconstructing the powerful governmental sophism of money invested as compliance with an obligation, through ethnographic attention to the document. Likewise, the analysis is part of the challenge dealt with by studies of the gap between law and reality, by suggesting that the problem lies not in a gap between well-intended law and the violent reality that overflows it but rather in the way this "gap" is filled by complex documenting processes. As such, the paper contributes to the anthropological studies on law, documentation and accountability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining tailings, is one of the most dangerous forms of pollution generated by mining exploitation basically in the headwaters of basins, and that mainly affect water and agricultural resources; Therefore, in the present investigation we try to quantify the absorption of heavy metals Pb and Cd by the foxtail Lolimun multiflorum L. (Poaceae), using soils contaminated by tailings material containing heavy metals, from the area of Samne, La Libertad, Peru. To determine the concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cd, the methodology of atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used. The results, indicate that the values of the concentration of heavy metals absorbed Pb and Cd, followed the following trend: Pb> Cd, being the Pb, the one that presents higher level of absorption at 65, 95 and 125 days of experimentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A study is presented to measure the effect of Methyl Jasmonate (MJ) on angiogenesis in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) samples from chicken embryos, using an imaging analysis software. The characteristics considered are: terminal points, bifurcation points, area density, vascular length and fractal dimension, among others. In addition, the classification of blood vessels using Strahler and Tokunaga taxonomies is included, which allows classifying segments of hierarchical structures. For the evaluation of the results, control samples and others treated with MJ in water and liposomes are used in three concentrations 7.5, 15 and 30 µM. The antiangiogenic tendency was corroborated in the environment of liposomes considering the decrease of the quantitative values of all the evaluated characteristics with regard to the control samples. The results obtained agree with data from literature regarding the best bioavailability associated to the lipid vehicle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a strategy using Partial Least Squares (PLS) as a chemometric tool to establish the robustness of the photosensitized degradation process of Bisphenol A in simulated effluents was assessed. In the first stage of the research, the validation of the methodology that allows the quantification of Bisphenol A (BPA) mixed with the photosensitizer Eosin Y (EOS) in aqueous solution was carried out. Through the use of spectrophotometry as monitoring technique, it was possible to establish the optimal number of factors and the wavelength range, and to determine that was possible to ensure the quantification of BPA by means of PLS, by demonstrating complex formation between BPA and EOS. The RMSE results were 0.004237 at 284 nm and 0.009167 at 524 nm, demonstrating good robustness in the analysis. Next, preliminary tests were carried out on the effect of direct light using a mercury lamp as a source of irradiation. In the case of BPA, it was determined that 100% degradation is achieved at 100 minutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantification is a grammatical and discursive resource especially important in the public account genre. In this type of texts, quantification is used to valorize the achievements of an institution. In the public account of a Technology Transfer Office, these achievements may refer to contracts, patents, awarded projects or funds, among other measurable indicators of productivity. Quantification in public accounts can be potentially expressed in a fuzzy way, for example, “our office reviewed more than 200 ventures”. Using mixed methods (a case study with quantitative phases), we describe how fuzzy quantities operate in the public account rendered by a Chilean Technology Transfer Office. Our analysis showed that fuzzy quantifications correspond to almost 50% of the total quantifications. Three semantic types of fuzzy quantifiers were found: those approaching a vector (approximants), those exceeding a vector (‘overreachers’) and those blurring a number (diffusers). The latter was the most frequent resource for fuzzy quantifications. Furthermore, we provide evidence that would favor a stylistic explanation over a rhetorical one regarding the fuzzy quantification in the discourse of the analyzed public account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergent contaminants are a group of non-regulated substances with low concentrations that cause irreversible damage to ecosystems and have been mostly identified as endocrine disruptors, so have gained great interest in the last 20 years. To mitigate its impact and presence in ecosystems, alternatives have been proposed to achieve their removal, such as adsorption, electrocoagulation, membrane filtration and advanced oxidation processes (AOP). 4- nonylphenol (4-NF) is used as a precursor in the manufacture of nonionic surfactants for use in detergents, dispersing, emulsifying, pesticide formulations, paints and personal care products, so its main access road to the environment it is by sewage, however, has become increasingly important environmental level, by various effects generated when entering aquatic ecosystems and the variety of isomers which can be found in the environment. In this review information about some physicochemical properties of 4-NF, toxicity, quantification method considering analytical and instrumental conditions, and methods of removal is collected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over forty years since the Buenos Aires Plan of Action, and after the 2nd United Nations Conference on South-South Cooperation, bapa+40, the need to have information, data and statistics about this cooperation modality continues to be in force. At this time, there is an ongoing and broad academic discussion introduced here as a general framework, followed by a detailed analysis of the latest Colombian ssc data and information, and particularly its recent proposal of a measurement approach named Quantification and Value Addition Model, seen through the recently implemented Colombo-Bolivian initiative of ssc which exemplies the model's relevance and challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Linguistica (1132-0214) is the property of Asociacion de Linguistica y Filologia de la America Latina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La imagen de tomografía por emisión de positrones/tomografía computarizada con 18F-fluordesoxiglucosa (18F-FDG PET/TC) se considera una modalidad de imagen estándar en pacientes con carcinoma de pulmón de células no pequeñas. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la estadificación clínica (cTNM) realizada con 18F-FDG PET/TC y la estadificación quirúrgica (qTNM) en pacientes con carcinoma de células no pequeñas tratados con cirugía. Realizamos un análisis retrospectivo de 99 pacientes con carcinoma de células no pequeñas intervenidos quirúrgicamente a los que se realizó un estudio 18F-FDG PET/TC. Se realizaron medidas semicuantitativas en las lesiones primarias y los ganglios linfáticos mediastínicos. Los hallazgos de cTNM se compararon con la evaluación quirúrgica-patológica final. Los pacientes se dividieron en 2 grupos, qTNM posquirúrgico modificado y qTNM no modificado. Los pacientes en el grupo con cambio de qTNM se clasificaron adicionalmente como upstaged (US) y downstaged (DS) posquirúrgicos. Los resultados de los pacientes US se compararon con los resultados de los pacientes restantes, que consistían en qTNM sin cambios y DS, para evaluar el posible papel predictivo de los parámetros semicuantitativos en la estadificación postoperatoria. Para determinar la afectación mediastínica tumoral se obtuvieron valores de corte de los resultados semicuantitativos de captación de FDG en los ganglios linfáticos. Un valor p < 0,05 fue considerado estadísticamente significativo. Los pacientes tenían entre 40 y 82 años, con una edad media de 64,78 ± 8,7 años. Se observó un acuerdo de clasificación en 43 pacientes (43%), y en el 57% se observó modificación en la estadificación posquirúrgica. La concurrencia de cTNM y qTNM fue más destacada en la clasificación T1 y N0, con valores del 84% y 74%, respectivamente. La concurrencia más baja se observó en la clasificación N1 seguida de T4 y N2 (1%, 50% y 58%, respectivamente). El cambio en la estadificación T ocurrió en 20 de 56 pacientes (36%); el cambio en la estadificación N en 22 de 56 (39%) y el cambio en T y N en 14 pacientes (25%). La distribución de pacientes de US y DS en el grupo con cambio de cTNM fue de 43% (24 de 56) y 57% (32 de 56), respectivamente. Los resultados de las medidas semicuantitativas fueron significativamente más altos en los pacientes de US que los resultados del grupo compuesto por pacientes con DS y qTNM sin cambios, para todos los parámetros. El valor de corte calculado a partir de las captaciones mediastínicas fue más específico para metástasis en el MTV (volumen metabólico tumoral), con una sensibilidad aceptable (90% y 67%, respectivamente). La concordancia entre TNM y qTNM es mejor en la clasificación de la categoría T en comparación con la categoría N. Las medidas semicuantitativas en los tumores primarios pueden desempeñar un papel en la predicción del US posquirúrgico. El MTV en la región mediastínica puede tener un mayor valor que otros parámetros en la evaluación de la afectación ganglionar. 18F-Fluorine fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) imaging is considered the standard imaging modality for patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma. The aim of this study was to compare clinical staging (cTNM) performed with 18F-FDG PET/CT and surgical staging (sTNM) in patients with non-small cell carcinoma treated with surgery. We performed a retrospective analysis of 99 surgical patients with non-small cell carcinoma who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT examination. Semiquantitative measures were calculated from the primary lesions and mediastinal lymph nodes. Findings of cTNM were compared with final surgical–pathological evaluation. Subjects were divided into two groups as postsurgical cTNM changed and cTNM unchanged. Patients in the cTNM changed group were further classified as postsurgical upstaged (US) and downstaged (DS). Results of the US patients were compared with the results of the remaining patients consisting of cTNM unchanged and DS to evaluate the predictable roles of semiquantitative parameters for postsurgical upstaging. To determine mediastinal tumoral involvement, cut-off values were obtained from calculated semiquantitative results of FDG uptakes in lymph nodes. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Subjects were aged 40–82 years with a mean age of 64.78 ± 8.70 years. Classification agreement was observed in 43 patients (43%) and in 57%, postsurgical stage migration was seen. Concurrence of cTNM and sTNM was more pronounced in the T1 and N0 subsets which were 84% and 74%, respectively. The lowest concurrence was observed in N1 classification followed by T4 and N2 (1%, 50% and 58%, respectively). Change in T staging occurred in 20 of 56 (36%), in N staging 22 of 56 (39%) and change in T and N in 14 patients (25%). Distribution of US and DS patients in the cTNM changed group was 43% (24 of 56) and 57% (32 of 56), respectively. Results of semiquantitative measures were significantly higher in US patients than the results of the group consisting of DS patients and cTNM unchanged patients, for all parameters. Cut-off value calculated from mediastinal uptakes was most specific for metastases in MTV (metabolic tumor volume) with an acceptable sensitivity (90% and 67%, respectively). The concordance between cTNM and sTNM was better in staging T category compared to N stations. Semiquantitative measures of primary tumor may play a role in predicting postsurgical upstaging. Taking MTV into consideration in the mediastinal region may be more valuable than other parameters in the assessment of nodal involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper deals with two types of quantitative constructions in which un huevo occurs: (a) In certain contexts, it functions as a quantifier noun ―that is, an inherently relational noun quantifying a nominal phrase in pseudo-partitive constructions: el libro tiene un huevo de páginas ['the book has a hell of a lot of pages']. The value of un huevo as a quantifier is evaluative, and the quantitative assessment is based on pragmatically or contextually established criteria. (b) In other contexts, the construction un huevo can be considered an example of minimizer, and more specifically, a vulgar or taboo minimizer. The minimizers are scalar elements which seems potentially sensitive to negative polarity, and become quantifiers after a grammaticalization process: under the scope of the negation, they can be reanalyzed as negative emphatic markers (no le importo a nadie un huevo ['Nobody gives a toss about me']). From the examples provided by the corpora of the RAE, the functional characteristics of the two constructions will be analyzed, and their origins will be explained. More generally, it will be shown that these two types of constructions constitute two examples of subjectification, a process by which the pragmatic meaning can become grammaticalized and become a conventional construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper details the substantive themes in the Sociology of Money and makes a critical assessment of how sociologists have studied the phenomenon. It shows how classical theorists saw money as a symbol and an agent of rationalization in modern societies. In particular, it examines the assumed relationship between monetization and quantification, exactness, alienation, discipline, and calculation in modern societies. The paper also discusses how money has been conceptualized more recently not only as a vehicle of rationalization but also as a cultural and cognitive object that is shaped by social categories, values, meanings, and everyday practices. The final section discusses how a relational approach could be incorporated into the sociological analysis of money. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Minimizers are a wide kind of expressions that refer to prototypes of minimal values and they point out the lowest step on a pragmatic scale. Partitive ones, such as una gota «a drop» or una pizca «a pinch», can be considered a type of quantifiers; but, since their grammatical status is controversial, the aim of this paper is to analyze their pragmatic and grammatical behavior by using data from CREA to determine their categorization. The application of grammatical criteria permits to demonstrate that these minimizers are lexical items. Although their syntactic behavior is different, they can take part as a head in pseudopartitive constructions (adopting a predicate inversion structure) and they can perform syntactic functions within a sentence (arguments or adjuncts). Because of their minimal scalar value, explicatures that project the speaker's attitude towards the information are generated in negative polarity contexts and, this way, the relevance of the utterance gets increased. These explicatures are obtained by means of different inferential procedures (general or specific), depending on the internal structure and the syntactic behavior of the minimizer expression, whose lexical status is not modified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Derecho Privado (00347922) is the property of Editorial Reus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)