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A cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a tangle of abnormal blood vessels that irregularly connects arteries and veins. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been shown to be an effective treatment for AVM patients, but the factors associated with AVM obliteration remains a matter of debate. In this study, we aimed to develop a model that can predict whether patients with AVM will be cured 36 months after intervention by means of SRS and identify the most important predictors that explain the probability of being cured. A machine learning (ML) approach was applied using decision tree (DT) and logistic regression (LR) techniques on historical data (sociodemographic, clinical, treatment, angioarchitecture, and radiosurgery procedure) of 202 patients with AVM who underwent SRS at the Instituto de Radiocirugía del Perú (IRP) between 2005 and 2018. The LR model obtained the best results for predicting AVM cure with an accuracy of 0.92, sensitivity of 0.93, specificity of 0.89, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.98, which shows that ML models are suitable for predicting the prognosis of medical conditions such as AVM and can be a support tool for medical decision-making. In addition, several factors were identified that could explain whether patients with AVM would be cured at 36 months with the highest likelihood: the location of the AVM, the occupation of the patient, and the presence of hemorrhage.

Foundation: leadership represents an important trait that must be presented by every person in charge of directing a group of people. The organizational changes generated in pharmaceutical offices must be assumed through a leadership style that allows achieving the objectives and goals set, in order to ensure and optimize health care.Objective: to determine the Chemist-Pharmaceutical professionals’ leadership styles who work in public and private establishments in the city of Trujillo (Peru).Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study that included 94 collegiate professionals who work as technical directors. In data collection, the survey was used as a technique and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) as an instrument, which consisted of 36 questions on a Likert scale, distributed in three dimensions: transformational, transactional, and corrective/avoidant leadership. Results: 82.9 % of the professionals work as technical directors in the private sector; 57.4 % are female and more than 60 % have a high level of leadership. Together both sectors, the high-level transformational and transactional leadership styles were present in 28.7 % and 61.7 %, respectively; mid-level corrective/passive/avoidant leadership was present in 72.3 % of the professionals. Likewise, high-level transformational leadership was present in 62.5 % of those who work in the public sector and in 56.4 % of those in the private sector; the corrective/passive/avoidant leadership style at a medium level was present in more than 60 % of the professionals in both sectors.Conclusions: the most predominant leadership style was transactional.

The medicines’ interchangeability represents a necessity in developing countries, because it offers the possibility of accessing lower cost products, it allows to ensure efficacy and safety in pharmacotherapeutic treatments. The study gather researches carried out in the Peruvian state published in high-impact databases such as Scielo, Sciencedirect, Scopus and Pubmed. Of the 553 researches found, only 10 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, drugs such as diazepam, prednisone, amoxicillin, doxycycline, fluconazole, phenytoin sodium, alprazolam, amlodipine, carbamazepine sodium, glibenclamide, moxifloxacin and acetylsalicylic acid were identified. All the articles analyzed the dissolution profile by calculating the similarity factor f2, while, in other cases, they estimated parameters such as weight variation, friability, hardness, quantification, content uniformity, and dissolution profile. The results show that 9 drugs included in the study were analyzed by in vitro studies at different pH (1.2; 4.5 and 6.8), and complied with presenting a similarity factor f2 greater than 50. It is concluded that, the interchangeability of medicines in the Peruvian state is still in process, and that, through strategic alliances with the private sector, a greater number of pharmaceutical alternatives could be had in the patient's recovery.

Fundamento: Las políticas de evaluación que rigen el sistema educativo peruano en la actualidad, pueden estar contribuyendo al incremento de los niveles de presión y estrés laboral de los docentes, lo que también pudiera incidir negativamente en su desempeño profesional y en el clima organizacional.Objetivo: determinar la relación entre el estrés laboral y el clima organizacional en docentes peruanos.Métodos: estudio descriptivo y correlacional, realizado con la participación de 140 docentes. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos de investigación: el Inventory Burnout Maslash y la Escala de Clima Organizacional; el primero, atendiendo a las dimensiones: agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y realización personal; y el segundo, en correspondencia con otras ocho dimensiones. El análisis se realizó mediante la correlación de Spearman, considerando un margen de error del 5 %.Resultados: se encontró predominio del nivel medio (80,7 %) de estrés laboral; y del nivel alto (78,6%) para el clima organizacional. El análisis de correlación mostró una asociación negativa, altamente significativa entre las variables de estudio.Conclusión: La relación inversamente proporcional entre las variables de estudio permitió inferir que en las instituciones educativas se debe promover un clima organizacional adecuado; que sea inclusivo y presente sostenibilidad en el tiempo; que permita disminuir las manifestaciones de estrés que se suscitan diariamente en la jornada laboral.