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Simultaneous polarimetric radars can measure the polarization scattering matrix (PSM) of moving targets within one pulse. The key point is the orthogonal waveform design to reduce the interference caused by the simultaneous transmission and reception. Meanwhile, to ensure the measurement accuracy of moving targets, the Doppler tolerance of the transmitted waveforms is also important. In this article, first, a matched filter (MF) at the receiver is considered and a unified framework with a newly proposed objective function to design Doppler resilient sequences under several constraints is described. The proposed objective function contains the widely used peak sidelobe level (PSL) and the integrated sidelobe level (ISL) as special cases. Meanwhile, a series of constraint conditions, including the unimodular constraint, the uncertainty modulus constraint, and the PAR constraint, is considered. Thereafter, a mismatched filter is considered for further improving the correlation properties and a similar framework for designing the optimal receiving filter at the expense of a controllable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) loss is proposed. Numerical results are presented to verify the performance of the proposed methods. The designed sequence pair is also implemented on a fully polarimetric system to measure the PSM of a canonical target in the anechoic chamber, and the effectiveness of the proposed framework is verified by using the simultaneous polarimetric radar. It is predicted that the framework has the potential to be applied for other multichannel systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio frequency interference (RFI) has become a growing concern for weather radar, distorting radar variable estimation. By simultaneously or alternately transmitting the horizontal and vertical polarized waves, polarimetric weather radar can be referred to as SHV radar or AHV radar. The SHV radar can mimic the AHV radar by discarding either H- or V-channel measurements, which leads to an alternating scheme. In this research, the real RFI measurements from an operational C-band SHV radar are used to characterize the RFI temporal, spectral, and polarimetric features. Then, the RFI is simulated to quantify the performance of the object-orientated spectral polarimetric (OBSPol) filter in RFI mitigation. The OBSPol filter has been previously proposed by the authors to mitigate the narrowband clutter (both stationary and moving) and noise. This work extends the application of the filter to remove the RFI for SHV radar. Specifically, by taking advantage of the low copolar correlation of the RFI signal measured in AHV radar, the RFI mitigation method is designed, and its effectiveness is proven by qualitative and quantitative analyses. In particular, in the case of RFI overlapped to weather echoes in the time domain, the RFI can be mitigated, also when the duty cycle of the RFI is high. However, this work does not provide a full evaluation of the RFI mitigation performance on all radar data outputs but a proof of concept to show the effectiveness of the proposed filter for RFI mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of spectral polarimetric filters in the range-Doppler domain shows great promise for clutter mitigation in weather radar applications. One limitation of these filters is that they cannot deal with situations in which ground clutter and precipitation overlap. In this letter, we propose a new signal recovery technique based on kriging in the spectral domain to recover the precipitation in clutter-contaminated areas. Using synthetic radar data, we test our new method and compare its performance to that of Gaussian model adaptive processing and bilinear interpolation. Our results indicate that kriging is the most accurate and robust technique out of the three. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at removing stationary and moving clutter while retaining precipitation for dual-polarization weather radar, a new clutter suppression method, named the object-orientated spectral polarimetric (OBSpol) filter, is put forward in this paper. Based on the spectral polarimetric feature and the range-Doppler continuity of precipitation, the OBSpol filter generates a filtering mask implemented on the raw range-Doppler spectrogram to mitigate the clutter and noise. The procedures are as follows. After the spectral polarimetric filtering and the mathematical morphology method, one binary mask where “1” indicates the precipitation is obtained. Then, the contiguous bins of the same value “1” in the range-Doppler domain are grouped in areas termed as objects. Whether the produced objects are precipitation or not will be further judged based on appropriate weather radar observable. Thus, combining all the filtered separate objects, a filtering mask can be obtained. In this paper, data collected by the polarimetric Doppler IRCTR drizzle radar are used to demonstrate and assess the performance of the proposed technique in the case of ground clutter, narrowband moving clutter, and noise. Two precipitation cases are examined: 1) moderate precipitation with large scale and 2) light precipitation with severe clutter contamination. In the range-Doppler spectrogram, both stationary and narrowband moving clutters are mitigated, while maintaining nonoverlapping precipitation signal. This helps to solve the problem when clutter and precipitation overlap in the time domain. In addition, the OBSpol filter is proven to be effective with different Doppler velocity resolutions. This technique can be applied in real-time due to its low computation complexity. Moreover, the spectral polarimetric filtering can be designed using the measurements of dual-polarization radar systems which do not have cross-polar measurements. Hence, the proposed clutter mitigation technique can be implemented for operational dual-polarization weather radar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a new clutter suppression method, named the moving double spectral linear depolarization ratio (MDsLDR) filter, is put forward to mitigate narrow-band clutter in weather radars. The narrow-band clutter observed in the Doppler domain includes: 1) stationary clutter such as ground clutter and 2) nonstationary clutter such as artifacts caused by the radar system itself or external sources. These artifacts are difficult to remove, because they are not confined to specific azimuth and range bins. Based on the difference of the spectral-polarization feature and the spectral continuity of precipitation and clutter, the MDsLDR filter can remove ground clutter, artifacts, and noise. The performance of the newly proposed filter is assessed by data collected by the Doppler-polarimetric IRCTR Drizzle Radar. Three precipitation cases are considered in this paper: moderate/light precipitation, convective precipitation with hook-echo signature, and light precipitation with severe artifact contamination. Furthermore, the implementation of the MDsDLR filter requires relatively low computation complexity, so that the MDsLDR filter can be operated in real time. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]