1. Single- and Multifraction Stereotactic Radiosurgery Dose/Volume Tolerances of the Brain.
- Author
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Milano MT, Grimm J, Niemierko A, Soltys SG, Moiseenko V, Redmond KJ, Yorke E, Sahgal A, Xue J, Mahadevan A, Muacevic A, Marks LB, and Kleinberg LR
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Agents adverse effects, Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Brain pathology, Brain Edema etiology, Brain Neoplasms secondary, Brain Neoplasms surgery, Brain Stem radiation effects, Disease Progression, Humans, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors therapeutic use, Models, Biological, Models, Theoretical, Necrosis diagnosis, Necrosis etiology, Necrosis pathology, Organs at Risk pathology, Probability, Radiation Dose Hypofractionation, Radiation Injuries diagnosis, Radiation Injuries pathology, Radiation Tolerance, Radiosurgery methods, Radiotherapy Dosage, Re-Irradiation, Brain radiation effects, Brain Neoplasms radiotherapy, Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations radiotherapy, Organs at Risk radiation effects, Radiation Injuries etiology, Radiosurgery adverse effects
- Abstract
Purpose: As part of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Working Group on Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy investigating normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) after hypofractionated radiation therapy, data from published reports (PubMed indexed 1995-2018) were pooled to identify dosimetric and clinical predictors of radiation-induced brain toxicity after single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (fSRS)., Methods and Materials: Eligible studies provided NTCPs for the endpoints of radionecrosis, edema, or symptoms after cranial SRS/fSRS and quantitative dose-volume metrics. Studies of patients with only glioma, meningioma, vestibular schwannoma, or brainstem targets were excluded. The data summary and analyses focused on arteriovenous malformations (AVM) and brain metastases., Results: Data from 51 reports are summarized. There was wide variability in reported rates of radionecrosis. Available data for SRS/fSRS for brain metastases were more amenable to NTCP modeling than AVM data. In the setting of brain metastases, SRS/fSRS-associated radionecrosis can be difficult to differentiate from tumor progression. For single-fraction SRS to brain metastases, tissue volumes (including target volumes) receiving 12 Gy (V12) of 5 cm
3 , 10 cm3 , or >15 cm3 were associated with risks of symptomatic radionecrosis of approximately 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. SRS for AVM was associated with modestly lower rates of symptomatic radionecrosis for equivalent V12. For brain metastases, brain plus target volume V20 (3-fractions) or V24 (5-fractions) <20 cm3 was associated with <10% risk of any necrosis or edema, and <4% risk of radionecrosis requiring resection., Conclusions: The risk of radionecrosis after SRS and fSRS can be modeled as a function of dose and volume treated. The use of fSRS appears to reduce risks of radionecrosis for larger treatment volumes relative to SRS. More standardized dosimetric and toxicity reporting is needed to facilitate future pooled analyses that can refine predictive models of brain toxicity risks., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
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