7 results on '"Lorenzen, Janne"'
Search Results
2. Protein supplements after weight loss do not improve weight maintenance compared with recommended dietary protein intake despite beneficial effects on appetite sensation and energy expenditure: a randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial.
- Author
-
Kjølbæk, Louise, Sørensen, Lone Brinkmann, Søndertoft, Nadja Buus, Rasmussen, Carrie Klestrup, Lorenzen, Janne Kunchel, Serena, Anja, Astrup, Arne, and Larsen, Lesli Hingstrup
- Subjects
REGULATION of body weight ,LOW-protein diet ,DIETARY supplements ,WEIGHT loss ,VITALITY ,APPETITE ,HIGH-protein diet ,WHEY proteins ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,DIETARY proteins ,SOY proteins ,CALCIUM compounds ,BODY composition ,BODY temperature regulation ,ENERGY metabolism ,LONGITUDINAL method ,PROBABILITY theory ,STATISTICAL sampling ,BODY mass index ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,BLIND experiment ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background: High-protein diets increase weight loss (WL) during energy restriction; therefore, it has been suggested that additional protein intake may improve weight maintenance (WM) after WL. Objective: We investigated the effect of protein supplements from either whey with or without calcium or soy on WM success after WL compared with that of a control. Design: In a randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial, 220 participants aged 18-60 y with body mass index (in kg/m²) from 27.6 to 40.4 were included. The study was initiated with an 8-wk WL period followed by a 24-wk WM period. During WM, participants consumed the following isocaloric supplements (45-48 g/d): whey and calcium (whey+), whey, soy, or maltodextrin (control). Data were collected at baseline, before WM, and after WM (weeks 0, 8, and 32, respectively) and included body composition, blood biochemistry, and blood pressure. Meal tests were performed to investigate diet-induced-thermogenesis (DIT) and appetite sensation. Compliance was tested by 24-h urinary nitrogen excretion. Results: A total of 151 participants completed the WM period. The control and 3 protein supplements did not result in different mean ± SD weight regains (whey+: 2.19 ± 4.6 kg; whey: 2.01 ± 4.6 kg; soy: 1.76 ± 4.7 kg; and control: 2.23 ± 3.8 kg; P = 0.96), fat mass regains (whey+: 0.46 ± 4.5 kg; whey: 0.11 ± 4.1 kg; soy: 0.15 ± 4.1 kg; and control: 0.54 ± 3.3 kg; P = 0.96), or improvements in lean body mass (whey+: 1.87 ± 1.7 kg; whey: 1.94 ± 1.3 kg; soy: 1.58 ± 1.4 kg; and control: 1.74 ± 1.4 kg; P = 0.50) during WM. Changes in blood pressure and blood biochemistry were not different between groups. Compared with the control, protein supplementation resulted in higher DIT (~30 kJ/2.5 h) and resting energy expenditure (243 kJ/d) and an anorexigenic appetite-sensation profile. Conclusion: Protein supplementation does not result in improved WM success, or blood biochemistry after WL compared with the effects of normal dietary protein intake (0.8-1.0 g · kg
-1 · d-1 ). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Supplementation with dairy calcium and/or flaxseed fibers in conjunction with orlistat augments fecal fat excretion without altering ratings of gastrointestinal comfort.
- Author
-
Kristensen, Mette, Juul, Signe Rømer, Sørensen, Karina Vejrum, Lorenzen, Janne Kunchel, and Astrup, Arne
- Subjects
ORLISTAT ,FOOD habits ,METABOLIC syndrome risk factors ,FECES ,ANALYSIS of covariance ,ANTHROPOMETRY ,BLOOD pressure ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors ,CLINICAL trials ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,DIARRHEA ,DIET ,DIETARY supplements ,FAT ,FLAXSEED ,HEALTH promotion ,LONGITUDINAL method ,NUTRITIONAL assessment ,OBESITY ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,STATISTICS ,WEIGHT loss ,CALCIUM compounds ,PILOT projects ,DATA analysis ,BODY mass index ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,VISUAL analog scale ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,FOOD diaries ,DATA analysis software ,WAIST circumference ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ONE-way analysis of variance ,PHYSIOLOGY ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background: Orlistat is a lipase inhibitor which reduced absorption of dietary fat by ~30% thereby inducing a weight loss; however, side effects occur as a consequence of increased colonic fat content. To test the hypothesis that most gastrointestinal side events induced by treatment with orlistat could be prevented/ameliorated by concomitant use of natural dietary components, flaxseed fiber (FF) and/or dairy calcium (Ca), binding liquid fats to more solid complexes. Methods: A randomized controlled dietary intervention study. Thirty-eight obese adults completed a 1-week run-in period, where all participants were treated with orlistat (60 mg t.i.d) and were hereafter randomized to 12 weeks dietary supplementation with/without 5 g FF (FF+/FF-) and/or 1200 mg dairy calcium (Ca+/Ca-) in conjunction with orlistat. All feces were collected for 3 days, and diet was recorded for 5 days, during run-in and week 4. The primary end-point, gastrointestinal symptoms, was assessed biweekly. At baseline and after 12 weeks, cardiometabolic risk markers and anthropometrics were evaluated as secondary end-points. Results: Both FF and Ca increased fecal fat excretion (P = 0.02 and P = 0.04, respectively). Although fecal fat excretion increased by ~100% in the FF+/Ca + group, and only by ~12% in the FF-/Ca + group, no interaction between FF and Ca was present, suggesting an additive effect. The fecal fat excretion was ~10 g/d higher with FF and Ca (~25 g/d) compared to fecal fat excretion with orlistat alone (~15 g/d). Mean ratings of severity of diarrhea tended to increase with Ca (P = 0.03) but not with FF. No other gastrointestinal symptoms, or a composite score of symptoms, were affected by the dietary supplements. Body weight was reduced in all groups but did not differ between groups, whereas waist circumference was most reduced in the FF+/Ca + group. No effects of dietary supplements on cardiometabolic risk factors were observed, except a slight increase in diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.03) with FF, but not Ca. Conclusions: Our results do not support an improvement in orlistat-induced gastrointestinal side effects by concomitant use of FF and Ca. However, fecal fat excretion was increased with both FF and Ca in the absence of a worsening of symptoms, warranting further studies powered to detect potential additive weight loss effects. Trial registration: Ethical Committee of the Capital Region of Denmark reg. no. H-1-2010-110, 02-11-2010 database no. NCT01320228, 21-03-2011. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Effects of hydrolysed casein, intact casein and intact whey protein on energy expenditure and appetite regulation: a randomised, controlled, cross-over study.
- Author
-
Bendtsen, Line Q., Lorenzen, Janne K., Gomes, Sisse, Liaset, Bjørn, Holst, Jens J., Ritz, Christian, Reitelseder, Søren, Sjödin, Anders, and Astrup, Arne
- Subjects
AMINO acids ,ANALYSIS of variance ,APPETITE ,BLOOD pressure ,BLOOD sugar ,BODY composition ,CASEINS ,DAIRY products ,ENERGY metabolism ,FATTY acids ,INSULIN ,NITROGEN ,PROBABILITY theory ,PULMONARY gas exchange ,RESEARCH funding ,GLUCAGON-like peptide 1 ,SAMPLE size (Statistics) ,STATISTICAL power analysis ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,VISUAL analog scale ,REPEATED measures design ,ABSORPTION ,BLIND experiment ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Casein and whey differ in amino acid composition and in the rate of absorption; however, the absorption rate of casein can be increased to mimic that of whey by exogenous hydrolysis. The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of hydrolysed casein (HC), intact casein (IC) and intact whey (IW) on energy expenditure (EE) and appetite regulation, and thereby to investigate the influence of amino acid composition and the rate of absorption. In the present randomised cross-over study, twenty-four overweight and moderately obese young men and women consumed three isoenergetic dietary treatments that varied in protein source. The study was conducted in a respiration chamber, where EE, substrate oxidation and subjective appetite were measured over 24 h at three independent visits. Moreover, blood and urine samples were collected from the participants. The results showed no differences in 24 h and postprandial EE or appetite regulation. However, lipid oxidation, estimated from the respiratory quotient (RQ), was found to be higher after consumption of IW than after consumption of HC during daytime (P= 0·014) as well as during the time after the breakfast meal (P= 0·008) when the food was provided. Likewise, NEFA concentrations were found to be higher after consumption of IW than after consumption of HC and IC (P< 0·01). However, there was no overall difference in the concentration of insulin or glucagon-like peptide 1. In conclusion, dietary treatments when served as high-protein mixed meals induced similar effects on EE and appetite regulation, except for lipid oxidation, where RQ values suggest that it is higher after consumption of IW than after consumption of HC. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Effect of dairy calcium from cheese and milk on fecal fat excretion, blood lipids, and appetite in young men.
- Author
-
Soerensen, Karina V., Thorning, Tanja K., Astrup, Arne, Kristensen, Mette, and Lorenzen, Janne K.
- Subjects
FECAL analysis ,FAT analysis ,ANALYSIS of variance ,ANTHROPOMETRY ,APPETITE ,DIETARY calcium ,CHEESE ,CHOLESTEROL ,CLINICAL trials ,STATISTICAL correlation ,CROSSOVER trials ,HIGH density lipoproteins ,LOW density lipoproteins ,MATHEMATICS ,MILK ,NUTRITIONAL assessment ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,STATISTICS ,TRIGLYCERIDES ,URINALYSIS ,SATURATED fatty acids ,STATISTICAL power analysis ,DATA analysis ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,BODY mass index ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,PHYSICAL activity ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background: Calcium from different dairy sources might affect blood lipids and fecal fat excretion differently because of differences in the food matrix and nutritional composition. Objective: We investigated whether milk- and cheese-based diets with similar calcium contents affect a saturated fatty acid-induced increase in blood lipids differently. Design: Fifteen healthy, young men participated in a randomized 3 x 2-wk crossover study in which the following 3 isocaloric diets that were similar in fat contents and compositions were compared: control diet [nondairy diet (~ 500 mg Ca/d)], milk diet [semiskimmed milk-based diet (1700 mg Ca/d)], and cheese diet [semihard cow-cheese-based diet (1700 mg Ca/d)]. Blood was drawn before and after each period, and feces were collected for 5 d during each period. Results: Saturated fatty acid-induced increases in total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were lower with the milk diet (mean ± SD: 0.57 ± 0.13 and 0.53 ± 0.11 mmol/L, respectively) (P < 0.01) and cheese diet (0.41 ± 0.15 and 0.47 ± 0.12 mmol/L, respectively) (P < 0.05) than with the control diet (0.89 ± 0.12 and 0.84 ± 0.11 mmol/L, respectively). Fecal fat excretion increased more with the consumption of both the milk (5.2 ± 0.4 g/d) and cheese (5.7 ± 0.4 g/d) diets than with the control diet (3.9 ± 0.3 g/d) (P < 0.001). Changes in blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipid ratios did not differ. Conclusions: Compared with the control diet, milk- and cheese-based diets attenuated saturated fatty acid-induced increases in total and LDL cholesterol and resulted in increased fecal fat excretion; however, effects of milk and cheese did not differ. Because the diets contained similar amounts of saturated fat, similar increases in total and LDL cholesterol could be expected; however, both milk and cheese attenuated these responses, which seem to be explained by their calcium contents. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01317251. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Milk minerals modify the effect of fat intake on serum lipid profile: results from an animal and a human short-term study.
- Author
-
Lorenzen, Janne K., Jensen, Søren K., and Astrup, Arne
- Subjects
FECAL analysis ,ANALYSIS of covariance ,ANIMAL experimentation ,BASAL metabolism ,BLOOD sugar ,BODY composition ,CALCIUM ,CHOLESTEROL ,CROSSOVER trials ,FAT content of food ,HIGH density lipoproteins ,LOW density lipoproteins ,MINERALS ,PLACEBOS ,PROBABILITY theory ,RESEARCH funding ,SWINE ,TRIGLYCERIDES ,URINALYSIS ,SATURATED fatty acids ,STATISTICAL power analysis ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Despite a high content of saturated fat, evidence from observational studies indicates that the consumption of dairy products may have a neutral effect or may be inversely associated with the risk of CVD. We aimed to examine whether milk minerals modify the effect of saturated fat on serum lipid profile. We present data from two studies. Study I had a randomised, blinded, parallel design (n 24 pigs) with a 10 d adaptation period during which a high-fat diet was fed to the pigs and a 14 d intervention period during which the same diet either enriched with milk minerals (MM group) or placebo (control group) was fed to the pigs. Study II had a randomised cross-over design (n 9 men) where the subjects were fed either a high-fat diet enriched with milk minerals (MM period) or a regular diet (control period). In both the studies, blood variables were measured before and after the intervention and faecal and urine samples were collected at the end of the dietary periods. The increase in plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations but not in HDL-cholesterol concentration was markedly lowered by milk minerals in both the studies. In the animal study, baseline adjusted total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the MM group were 11 % (P= 0·004) and 13 % (P= 0·03) lower compared with those in the control group after the intervention. Similarly in the human study, baseline adjusted total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were 6 % (P= 0·002) and 9 % (P= 0·03) lower after the MM period compared with those in the control period. HDL-cholesterol concentration was not lowered by milk minerals. These short-term studies indicate that the addition of milk minerals to a high-fat diet to some extent attenuates the increase in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, without affecting HDL-cholesterol concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Effect of low energy diet for eight weeks to adults with overweight or obesity on folate, retinol, vitamin B12, D and E status and the degree of inflammation: a post hoc analysis of a randomized intervention trial.
- Author
-
Geiker, Nina Rica Wium, Veller, Mette, Kjoelbaek, Louise, Jakobsen, Jette, Ritz, Christian, Raben, Anne, Astrup, Arne, Lorenzen, Janne Kunchel, Larsen, Lesli H., and Bügel, Susanne
- Subjects
REDUCING diets ,ADIPOSE tissues ,BODY composition ,C-reactive protein ,CLINICAL trials ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,FOLIC acid ,INFLAMMATION ,PROBABILITY theory ,STATISTICAL sampling ,VITAMIN A ,VITAMIN B12 ,VITAMIN D ,VITAMIN D deficiency ,VITAMIN E ,WEIGHT loss ,HOMOCYSTEINE ,SECONDARY analysis ,BODY mass index ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Background: Obesity is associated with vitamin insufficiency and low grade inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of weight loss on folate, retinol, vitamin B
12 , D and E status and the degree of inflammation. Methods: Out of 110, 85 individuals (75% women) aged 39 ± 11 years with a mean ± SD BMI of 33 ± 4 kg/m2 , completed an eight-week low energy diet (LED). Serum concentration of folate, retinol, B12 , D and E and C-reactive protein and homocysteine (Hcy) were measured at baseline and at end of the LED. Results: At baseline, 8% of the participants were deficient in folate, 13% in vitamin B12 , 2% in retinol, 28% in vitamin D (72% were insufficient in vitamin D), and none were deficient in vitamin E. At baseline, BMI was inversely associated with retinol (P < 0.05) as was total and abdominal fat percentage with folate (P < 0.05); further BMI and measures of adiposity were positively associated with CRP (P < 0.01) and Hcy (P < 0.05). Homocysteine was inversely associated with all vitamins but retinol (P < 0.001). After the LED, the participants lost a mean [95% confidence intervals] of 12.3 [− 13.1,-11.6] kg. The serum concentration of folate, vitamin B12 and D were increased (P < 0.001) after the LED whereas the concentration of retinol and vitamin E were reduced (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Eight-weeks LED resulted in 13% weight loss and an increase in the serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B12 and D. Baseline adiposity was inversely associated with folate and retinol, and positively associated with markers of inflammation. Trial registration: Ethical Committee of Copenhagen as no. H-4-2013-135,NCT01561131 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.