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Traditional combination therapy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) is limited in the field of clinical cancer therapy due to activation by light with separate wavelengths, insufficient O 2 supply, antioxidant ability of glutathione (GSH) in tumor cell, and low penetration depth of light. Here, a multifunctional nanoplatform composed of MoO 3-x nanosheets, Ag nanocubes, and MnO 2 nanoparticles was developed to overcome these drawbacks. For this nanoplatform, hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were simultaneously generated under single 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. Once this nanoplatform accumulated in the tumor region, GSH was depleted by MnO 2 and intracellular H 2 O 2 was catalyzed by MnO 2 to produce O 2 to relieve hypoxia. Ultrasound (US) imaging confirmed in-situ O 2 generation. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, photoacoustic (PA) imaging, and fluorescence imaging were used to monitor in vivo biodistribution of nanomaterials. This provides a paradigm to rationally design a single NIR laser induced multimodal imaging-guided efficient PDT/PTT cancer strategy. [Display omitted] • Hyperthermia and ROS were simultaneously generated under single 808 nm NIR light irradiation. • The depletion of GSH and the decomposition of endogenous H 2 O 2 for generating oxygen against hypoxic. • Multimodal imaging can visualize the tumor site for pretreatment guidance and real-time monitoring in the PTT/PDT treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immunotherapy is an efficient approach to clinical oncology. However, the immune privilege of the central nervous system (CNS) limits the application of immunotherapeutic strategies for brain cancers, especially glioblastoma (GBM). Tumor resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors is a further challenge in immunotherapies. To overcome the immunological tolerance of brain tumors, a novel multifunctional nanoparticle (NP) for highly efficient synergetic immunotherapy is reported. The NP contains an anti‐PDL1 antibody (aPDL1), upconverting NPs, and the photosensitizer 5‐ALA; the surface of the NP is conjugated with the B1R kinin ligand to facilitate transport across the blood‐tumor‐barrier. Upon irradiation with a 980 nm laser, 5‐ALA is transformed into protoporphyrin IX, generating reactive oxygen species. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) further promotes intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and sensitizes tumors to PDL1 blockade therapy. It is demonstrated that combining PDT and aPDL1 can effectively suppress GBM growth in mouse models. The proposed NPs provide a novel and effective strategy for boosting anti‐GBM photoimmunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, wastewater flocculation substrate is used as a carbon source to prepare a three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) structure carbon-based catalyst with the Co N 4 coordination active sites (Co-NC-PS) through a hard-template strategy. Abundant single-atom Co N 4 active sites endow the Co-NC-PS with splendid performance in degrading organic pollutants by activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS). Experiment results show that the singlet oxygen (1O 2) is the main reactive oxygen species (ROSs) for bisphenol A (BPA) degradation. The strong coordination of Co atoms with N atoms not merely avoids the leaching of Co and improves the stability of the catalyst but also establishes stable adsorption configuration and facilitates the generation of 1O 2 proven by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This study provides the design of efficient Co carbon-based catalysts in mint conditions with high stability for water treatment, as well as a new idea for the preparation of high-value-added products from the recycling of flocculated waste. [Display omitted] • Wastewater flocculation substrate is used as the carbon source. • Three-dimensional ordered macroporous structure is formed by a template strategy. • Cobalt single-atom site is the main active site for activating peroxymonosulfate. • Disclosing the reason for the decline in catalytic performance after the reaction. • The singlet oxygen is the main active specie for bisphenol A degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• CS@BPNSs@CuNPs can help postoperative hemostasis (24.98 %) and catch residual cells. • The hydrogel generated high ROS for antibacterial (98.1 %) and anticancer (11.3 %). • The combination of hydrogel and aPD-L1 showed a synergistic therapeutic effect. • The biodegradable hydrogel could cross blood tumor barrier to treat glioblastoma. Wound bacterial infections and tumor recurrence are the main reasons for the poor prognosis after primary tumor resection. Here, we fabricated a novel therapeutic nanocomposite using chitosan (CS) hydrogel combined with black phosphate nanosheets (BPNSs) and in situ grown copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). The obtained hydrogel (CS@BPNSs@CuNPs), possessing a remarkable temperature-sensitive spongy-like state, offered 24.98 % blood clotting index. The released BPNSs@CuNPs could produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill infected invasive bacteria (98.1 %) and inhibit local residual tumor cell regeneration (11.3 %). Moreover, by coupling the photothermal properties of BPNSs, the BPNSs@CuNPs showed 19.6 % penetration rate to cross the blood tumor barrier (BTB) for treating brain tumors. The hydrogel platform was further combined with aPD-L1-based immunotherapy to employ its synergetic therapeutic effect in the prevention of tumors. The in vivo studies showed that biodegradable hydrogel could hold a great potential as a novel strategy for improving postoperative therapy and multi-tumor treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of efficient synergistic therapeutic strategies for bacterial infection is highly desirable due to their high therapeutic efficiency and less side effects. In this study, a rapid and effective multi-mode antibacterial platform that integrates quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) was developed. QACs can induce initial damage to the bacterial cell membrane and render it more sensitive to heat. During 808 nm laser irradiation, the generation of hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can induce the death of damaged Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and the corresponding bacterial killing efficiencies are approximately 99.36% and 99.98%, which exceed single-mode therapy. In vivo antibacterial and anti-infective assays proved that effective sterilization could accelerate the infected wound healing process, and the traumas healed well within 14 days after treatment with Cu-RCDs-C 35 and 808 nm irradiation. The wound healing area ratio was calculated to be 96%, which substantially exceeds the PBS + Laser, Cu-RCDs, and RCDs-C 35 +Laser groups. In addition, the cellular imaging experiment showed that Cu-RCDs-C 35 could also serve as a fluorescence probe in bioimaging due to its inherent luminescence. Therefore, the present study provides high-efficiency and multifunctional carbon nanomaterials as antibacterial and bioimaging agents. [Display omitted] • Cu-RCDs-C 35 integrated PTT, PDT, and quaternary ammonium to achieve triple synergistic sterilization effect. • Synergistic therapy could promote wound repair and prevent inflammation. • Cu-RCDs-C 35 exhibited low phototoxicity and excellent biocompatibility. • Cu-RCDs-C 35 integrated functionalities of antibacterial and bioimaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The FeOCl@PB@PDA@BPQDs@Mn nanocomposites could catalyze H 2 O 2 to generate O 2 and successfully ameliorated tumor hypoxia. • The FeOCl@PB@PDA@BPQDs@Mn nanocomposites showed excellent photothermal performance and ROS generation. • The FeOCl@PB@PDA@BPQDs@Mn nanocomposites can serve as a multimodal imaging agent for MR, PA, and US imaging. • The FeOCl@PB@PDA@BPQDs@Mn nanocomposites can act as an ideal theranostic agent for combined CDT, PDT, and PTT. Herein, a novel tumor microenvironment (TME)-mediated nanotheranostics platform of iron oxychloride (FeOCl) nanorods coated with Prussian Blue (PB), polydopamine (PDA), black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) and chelated with Mn2+ was prepared. In the highly integrated nanoplatform (FeOCl@PB@PDA@BPQDs@Mn), FeOCl catalysts exhibit supreme efficiency to yield hydroxyl radicals (•OH) by H 2 O 2 decomposition for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Moreover, the PB, FeOCl, and Mn2+ have a catalase-like activity that catalyze H 2 O 2 to release of O 2 in the TME. Upon laser irradiation, the BPQDs transform O 2 to a singlet oxygen (1O 2) to self-enhance photodynamic therapy (PDT). Additionally, as a result of the high near-infrared (NIR) absorption rate and efficient photothermal conversion of PB and PDA, FeOCl@PB@PDA@BPQDs@Mn nanocomposites (NCs) are capable to work as ideal theranostic agents for photothermal therapy (PTT) in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, FeOCl@PB@PDA@BPQDs@Mn NCs can also serve as multimodal imaging agents in different methods, such as magnetic resonance (MR), photoacoustic (PA), and ultrasound (US) imaging. Among the tumor models of mice, CDT, PDT, and PTT that combined with multimodal imaging achieved a more significant synergistic therapeutic result compared to any single treatment modality alone. Therefore, the multifunctional nanosystem in this study possesses tremendous potential in providing a satisfying paradigm for effective tumor treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]