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According to the energy policy, which encourages local consumption of photovoltaic (PV) energy, the energy sharing among neighboring PV prosumers is proved to be a more effective way compared with independent operations of each prosumer. In this paper, an energy storage (ES)-equipped energy-sharing provider (ESP) is proposed to facilitate the energy sharing of multiple PV prosumers. With the help of the ESP, the autonomous PV prosumers can be formed as an energy-sharing network, and the energy-sharing activities can be categorized as direct sharing and buffered sharing. First, with the assistance of the ES, a day-ahead scheduling model of the ESP is built to increase the operation profit and improve the net power profile of the energy-sharing network, which considers the uncertainty of PV energy, electricity prices, and prosumers’ load via stochastic programming. Moreover, to further increase the energy sharing, a real-time demand response model based on a Stackelberg game is presented to coordinate the energy consumption behavior of prosumers by using internal prices. Finally, through a practical case study, the effectiveness of the method is verified in terms of improving the economic benefits and PV energy sharing. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Commercial building microgrids will play an important role in the smart energy city. Stochastic and uncoordinated electric vehicle (EV) charging activities, which may cause performance degradations and overloads, have put great stress on the distribution system. In order to improve the self-consumption of PV energy and reduce the impact on the power grid, a heuristic operation strategy for commercial building microgrids is proposed. The strategy is composed of three parts: the model of EV feasible charging region, the mechanism of dynamical event triggering, and the algorithm of real-time power allocation for EVs. Furthermore, in order to lower the cost of computation resource, the strategy is designed to operate without forecasting on photovoltaic output or EV charging demand. A comprehensive result obtained from simulation tests has shown that the proposed strategy has both satisfactory results and high efficiency, which can be utilized in embedded systems for real-time allocation of EV charging rate. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]