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Collartida phantasma Davranoglou & Baňař, sp. nov. (Figs. 1–14) Type material. Holotype (male): Spain, Canary Islands, Gran Canaria, Telde, Los Cernícalos ravine, Mina La Federica, 27°58’58.44”N, 15°27’52.92”W, 347 m. a.s.l., hand collected, 4.xi.2017, M. Naranjo leg. Paratype (one female): same as above, 3.iii.2018, M. Naranjo leg. Deposited at the University of Barcelona. Additional material examined. One larva tentatively considered conspecific, same data as paratype female. Diagnosis. Due to their notable sexual dimorphism, the two sexes are diagnosed separately. The macropterous male differs from all congeners by the following combination of characters: eyes surpassing dorsal and ventral outline of head in lateral view (Fig. 2B); head 1.1 times wider than long; anteocular part of head distinctly and abruptly declivous beyond antennifer (Fig. 2B); first antennal segment with very long, erect hairs (Fig. 3A); anterior pronotal lobe two times wider than long, collar with indistinct, subtriangular processes with rounded apex (Fig. 4A); fore coxa with two large dorsal spines (Fig. 6B); parameres with a rounded apex, slightly notched dorsally (Figs. 9A–B, 10A–B). Female apterous (Fig. 12); head with well-developed eyes (Fig. 11A–B); width across eyes 1.6 times as long as interocular distance; anteocular 1.3 times longer than postocular; first antennal segment glabrous, 3.9 times longer than segment two (pedicel) (Fig. 11A); anterior pronotal lobe 1.2 times longer than posterior lobe; fore coxa with two large dorsal spines (Fig. 11C). Description (holotype male). Colouration (Fig. 1). Head and thorax light orange yellowish. Body surface and vestiture. Integument weakly sclerotized, largely transparent, smooth; head covered dorsally with short, adpressed setae (Fig. 2B), scape with sparse, very long, erect setae (Figs. 1, 3A), longest ones about 6.8 times longer than diameter of respective segment; pedicel and flagellomeres covered by short, semierect hairs; legs with dense, short pilosity (Fig. 3B, C). Structure. Head: elongate, about 1.1 times wider than long; anteocular part 1.3 times longer than postocular part, distinctly and abruptly declivous beyond antennifer; eyes large, strongly projecting in dorsal view (Fig. 2A), surpassing both dorsal and ventral outlines of head in lateral view (Fig. 2B); width across eyes about 2.5 times as long as interocular distance; ventral surface of head armed with three pairs of spine-like setae (Fig. 2B): one pair at level of gena, one pair anterior to eye, and one pair on the lateral surface immediately posteriad to eye. Labium: second labial segment (first visible) about 1.6 times longer than third, not attaining proximal margin of eye, armed with one pair of large spines, and two smaller pairs of hair-like spines immediately proximal and distal to it, respectively (Fig. 2B); third segment subequal in length to fourth, armed with a pair of large spines, two pairs of smaller spines anteriad to them, and one small pair posteriorly (Fig. 2B); fourth segment with one very small pair of spines. Antenna: very long and slender, scape 2.6 times longer than pedicel (Fig. 1). Thorax: Anterior lobe of pronotum quadrangular, transverse, two times as wide as long, 1.7 times longer than maximum length of posterior lobe (Fig. 4A); collar indistinct, its dorsolateral margins ending in a faint subtriangular process with a rounded apex (Fig. 4A); anterior lobe of pronotum with a distinct emargination below collar (Fig. 4A, dashed outline indicated by arrow); posterior lobe extremely reduced, dorsally present as a narrow strip, distinctly concave medially (Fig. 4A); longest part of posterior lobe of pronotum rounded, visible only in lateral view (Fig. 4B); mesoscutellum unarmed, postscutellum armed with a rounded spine (Fig. 5); direct (IIdvm1) and indirect (IIdlm1) wing muscles distinctly visible through cuticle (Figs. 4A, 5). Legs: Fore coxa elongate, cylindrical, 0.85 times as long as fore femur, with two spine-like setae on its dorsal surface (Fig. 6B) and two smaller ones in its inner surface; fore trochanter with 4–5 spines in succession (Fig. 6C); femur about 11 times longer than its greatest width; posteroventral series beginning at base of femur (Fig. 6A–C), not extending to apex, composed of 4 long spine-like setae (2.2 times longer than maximum width of article), intermixed with shorter spines, which predominate at beginning of this series; anteroventral series reduced, hard to discern in transparent specimen; fore tibia 0.9 times the length of fore femur, distinctly thickened at apex (Figs. 6A, 7A); fore tarsal segment 1 shortest, segments 2 and 3 subequal in length (Fig. 7A); claws symmetrical, unmodified; mid and hind legs slender and very long (Fig. 1); mid and hind tibiae 1.4 and 1.8 times longer than respective femora, respectively; mid and hind tarsi three-segmented (Fig. 7B, C). Fore wing (Figs. 1, 8): basal portion of wing veins sclerotised, distal part of wing transparent, with veins hardly discernible; wing 3.2 times longer than maximum width; discal cell short, about 1.5 times longer than basal cell; postcubitus (Pcu) linked to basal cell with a short cross-vein (Fig. 8, blue arrow). Genitalia (Figs. 9, 10): pygophore posteriorly with paired, rounded processes that diverge outwards (Fig. 9A, B); setae uniformly distributed on posterior margin of pygophore (Fig. 9A); parameres rounded, with a weak notch dorsally (Figs. 9A, B, 10A, B); articulatory apparatus as in Figs. 9B, D, 10E, F), with a thick ponticulus transversalis; struts entirely fused for most of their length (Fig. 10E, F); dorsal phallothecal sclerite as in Fig. 10E, endosoma not everted (black mass in Fig. 10E, F). Measurements (in mm). Male (holotype): Total body length 3.39 (without pygophore); length of head without neck: 0.55; width across eyes: 0.49; interocular distance: 0.20; length of postocular part of head: 0.22; length of anteocular part of head: 0.29; lengths of labial segments: II – 0.33, III – 0.20, IV – 0.20; lengths of antennal segments: I – 2.78, II – 1.05, III – 2.8, IV – 0.75; length of pronotum along midline: 0.58; length of anterior lobe along midline: 0.22; greatest width of anterior lobe: 0.44; length of posterior lobe along midline: 0.07; length of fore wing: 3.08, greatest width of fore wing: 0.95; length of fore coxa: 0.89; length of fore femur: 1.04; greatest width of fore femur: 0.09; length of greatest spine of femur: 0.20; length of fore tibia: 0.93; length of fore tarsus: 0.27; length of mid femur: 3.22; length of mid tibia: 4.49; length of mid tarsus: 0.30; length of hind femur: 3.53; length of hind tibia: 6.25; length of hind tarsus: 0.32; length of pygophore: 0.38. Female. Colouration. Light yellowish-creamy (Figs. 11A, 12); apex of fore tibia and middle of pedicellus distinctly darker than rest of body (Fig. 11A). Body surface and vestiture. Integument largely transparent, smooth and in most part glabrous (Figs. 11A, 13); short, adpressed setae on dorsal surface of head (Fig. 11B); antennae largely glabrous (Fig. 11A), with extremely small, almost imperceptible setae; short, erect setae present only in fore legs, especially on the tibia (Fig. 11C, D). Structure. Body much stouter than male. Head: elongate, about 1.3 times wider than long; anteocular part 1.3 times longer than postocular part; eyes medium-sized, not reaching dorsal or ventral margin of head in lateral view (Fig. 11A, B); width across eyes 1.6 times larger than interocular distance; ventral surface of head armed with four pairs of spine-like setae (Fig. 11A, B): one pair at level of gena, one pair anteriad to the eye, and two pairs immediately posteriad to eye, first one laterally placed, distinctly projecting anteriad, second one ventrally placed projecting ventrad (Fig. 11B). Labium: second labial segment (first visible) 1.6 times longer than third segment, not attaining proximal margin of eye, armed with one pair of large spines, and one smaller pair distally (Figs. 11A, B); third segment subequal in length to that of fourth, armed with a single pair of large spines, two pairs of smaller spines proximally to the latter, and one small pair distally (Fig. 11A); fourth segment unarmed. Antenna: very long and slender, scape 3.9 times longer than pedicel (Fig. 11A, 12A). Thorax: anterior pronotal lobe bulbous, 1.2 times wider than long, medially divided by a deep sulcus (Fig. 12B); posterior lobe extremely reduced, strip-like, 5.5 times smaller than anterior lobe (Fig. 12B). Wings completely absent (Fig. 13B, D); mesothorax dorsally with a distinct median keel (Fig. 13D); postscutellum with a short bump (Fig. 13D). Legs: Fore coxa elongate, cylindrical, 0.9 times as long as fore femur, with two spine-like setae on its dorsal surface (Fig. 11A, C), and 4–5 very long spines on its inner surface (Fig. 12A), intermixed with several small ones; fore trochanter with several spines (Fig. 11A, C); femur about 11 times longer than its greatest width; posteroventral series beginning at base of femur (Fig. 11A–C), not extending to apex, composed of 4–5 long spine-like setae (largest barely longer than maximum width of article), intermixed with shorter spines; anteroventral series comprising two rows of about 20 short spines each; fore tibia 0.7 times the length of fore femur, distinctly thickened at apex (Fig. 11A, C); fore tarsal segment 1 shortest, segments 2 and 3 subequal in length (Fig. 11D); claws symmetrical, unmodified (Fig. 11D, E), with two distinct campaniform sensilla at base (Fig. 11F); mid and hind legs slender and very long (Fig. 13A, B); mid and hind tibiae 1.3 and 1.7 times longer than respective femora, respectively; mid and hind tarsi three-segmented. Pregenital abdomen: Elongate oval, with triangular apex (Fig. 13A–C). A single egg distinctly visible (Fig. 13A, white arrows). Genitalia: As in Fig. 13C, with a triangular apex. Measurements (in mm). Female (paratype): Total body length: 4.14; length of head without neck: 0.56; width across eyes: 0.44; interocular distance: 0.27; length of postocular part of head: 0.24; length of anteocular part of head: 0.31; lengths of antennal segments: I – 2.36, II – 0.60, III – 0.56, IV – 0.98; lengths of labial segments: II – 0.36, III – 0.22, IV – 0.20; length of pronotum along midline: 0.38; length of anterior lobe along midline: 0.38; greatest width of anterior lobe: 0.47; length of posterior lobe along midline: 0.07; length of fore coxa: 1.16; length of fore femur: 1.22; greatest width of fore femur: 0.11; length of fore tibia: 0.89; length of fore tarsus: 0.31; length of mid femur: 2.66; length of mid tibia: 3.65; length of mid tarsus: 0.22; length of hind femur: 3.45; length of hind tibia: 5.83; length of hind tarsus: 0.33. Etymology. The name of the new species is the latinized form of the Greek noun φάντασμα, which means ‘ghost’, referring to the transparent, phantom-like appearance of the species. Noun in apposition. Habitat. The type locality is an abandoned human-made water mine locally known as ‘La Federica’, whose fauna and biological attributes have been described in detail in Suárez, Martín & Naranjo (2018) and Naranjo et al. (2018). The mine is divided in two parts: a west sector, in which oxygen levels are low and CO 2 is always higher than 10,000 ppm, and an east sector, in which the relative humidity is about 85%, but air conditions are more similar to those of the surface. All individuals of C. phantasma sp. nov. were hand collected from the floor of the east sector (Fig. 14), about 150 metres from the mine entrance. The landscape surrounding the mine consists of degraded thermo-sclerophyllous woodland, of Pistacia lentiscus L. and Olea cerasiformis Rivas-Mart. & del Arco.

The presence of Ploiaria domestica Scopoli, 1786 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae) in Cyprus was considered doubtful. Hereby we report the first confirmed occurrence of this species in the island. Images of a living specimen and diagnostic characters for recognition of this species are provided. Whether this spe­cies has a native population in this island remains to be found.

Davranoglou, Leonidas-Romanos, Ox, Oxford (2016): Redeicephala taylori, a new genus and species of Reduviidae from New Guinea, with notes on a few morphological features of the Tribelocephalinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 56 (1): 39-50, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306849, {"references":["DAVIS N.T. 1961: Morphology and phylogeny of the Reduvioidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera).Part II. Wing venation. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 54: 340-354.","ISHIKAWA T., CAI W.-Z. & TOMOKUNI M. 2015: The assassin bug subfamily Tribelocephalinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) from Japan, with descriptions of eight new species in the genera Opistoplatys and Abelocephala. Zootaxa 3936: 151-180.","MALDONADO CAPRILES J. 1990: Systematic catalogue of the Reduviidae of the world (Insecta: Heteroptera). Carribean Journal of Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, 694 pp.","MALDONADO CAPRILES J. 1996: New taxa and key to the tribes and genera in Tribelocephalinae Stal 1866 (Heteroptera: Reduviidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98: 138-144.","PARSONS M. C. 1959: Skeleton and musculature of the head of Gelastocoris oculatus Fabricius (Hemipter: Heteroptera). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 122: 1-52.","PARSONS M. C. 1966: Studies on the cephalic anatomy of Naucoridae (Heteroptera). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 118: 119-151.","PARSONS M. C. 1968: The cephalic and prothoracic skeletomusculature and nervous system in Lethocerus (Heteroptera, Belostomatidae). Journal of the Linnaean Society of London 47: 349-406.","REDEI D. 2007:A new genus of tribelocephaline assassin bugs from Borneo (Hemiptera:Heteroptera: Reduviidae). Zootaxa 1465: 47-53.","STYS P. & BANAR P. 2013: Eastern Arc Mountains in Tanzania: Hic sunt Aenictopecheidae. The first genus and species of African Aenictopecheidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Enicocephalomorpha). European Journal of Entomology 110: 677-688.","SWEET M. H. 1996: Comparative external morphology of the pregenital abdomen of the Hemiptera. Pp. 119-158. In: SCHAEFER C. W. (ed.): Studies on hemipteran phylogeny. Entomological Society of America, Lanham, Maryland, iv + 244 pp.","TSAI J.-F., YANG M.-M, REDEI D. & YEH G.-F. 2011:Jewel bugs of Taiwan (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae). National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 309 pp.","VILLIERS A. 1943: Morphologie et systematique des Tribelocephalitae africains. Revue Francaise d'Entomologie 10: 101-128.","WEBER H. 1930: Biologie der Hemipteren. Springer, Berlin, 543 pp.","WEIRAUCH C. 2008: Cladistic analysis of Reduviidae (Heteroptera: Cimicomorpha) based on morphological characters. Systematic Entomology 33: 229-274.","WEIRAUCH C. 2010: Tribelocodia ashei, new genus and new species of Reduviidae (Insecta: Hemiptera), has implications on character evolution in Ectrichodiinae and Tribelocephalinae. Insect Systematics and Evolution 41: 103-122.","WEIRAUCH C., BERENGER J.-M., BERNIKER L., FORERO D., FORTHMAN M., FRANKENBERG S., FREEDMAN A., GORDON E., HOEY-CHAMBERLAIN R., HWANG W.-S., MARSHALL S. A., MICHAEL A., PAIERO S. M., UDAH O., WATSON C., YEO M., ZHANG G. & ZHANG J. 2014: An illustrated identification key to assassin bug subfamilies and tribes (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification 26: 1-115."]}

Physoderes Westwood, 1846 Physoderes Westwood 1846. Type species. Physoderes notata Westwood, 1846, by monotypy., Published as part of Davranoglou, Leonidas Romanos, 2014, A new micropterous species of Physoderes from Fiji Islands (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Physoderinae), pp. 233-241 in Zootaxa 3838 (2) on page 233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3838.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/224876

Davranoglou, Leonidas Romanos (2014): A new micropterous species of Physoderes from Fiji Islands (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Physoderinae). Zootaxa 3838 (2): 233-241, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3838.2.8

Gil-Santana, Hélcio R., Davranoglou, Leonidas-Romanos, Neves, Juliana A. (2013): A new synonymy of Graptocleptes bicolor (Burmeister), with taxonomical notes (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae: Harpactorini). Zootaxa 3700 (3): 348-360, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3700.3.2

Graptocleptes bicolor (Burmeister 1838) Myocoris bicolor Burmeister, 1838: 107 [description]; Walker, 1873 b: 131 [catalog]; [description]. Eccagoras [sic] nigricornis St��l, 1855: 189 [description]. Evagoras nigricornis; St��l, 1866: 295 [as synonym of Myocoris bicolor Burm.]. Amaurosphodrus bicolor; St��l, 1866: 295 [as a species of the genus]. Hiranetis bicolor; St��l, 1859: 371 [citation]; St��l, 1860: 77 [citation]. Euagoras nigricornis; St��l, 1872: 82 [as synonym of Graptocleptes bicolor Burm.]; Walker, 1873 b: 118 [citation as a valid species]; Lethierry & Severin, 1896: 179 [catalog as var. of Graptocleptes bicolor]. Graptocleptes bicolor; St��l, 1872: 82 [redescription]; Berg, 1879: 148 [citation from Uruguay]; Lethierry & Severin, 1896: 179 [catalog]; Wygodzinsky, 1949: 39 [catalog]; Maldonado, 1990: 204 [catalog]. Reduvius coleopteroides Walker, 1873 a: 203 [description]; Lethierry & Severin, 1896: 118 [catalog, as species incerti generis], NEW SYNONYM Hiranetis coleopteroides; Distant, 1903: 246 [new combination]; Wygodzinsky, 1949: 40 [catalog]; Maldonado, 1990: 218 [catalog], NEW SYNONYM PLATE 2. Figs. 7���14, Graptocleptes bicolor (Burmeister), male, 7���13, specimens from S��o Paulo state, Brazil, 7, dorsal view, 8���9, head, 8, dorsal view, 9, lateral view, 10, second antennal segment, detail, lateral view, 11���12, head and pronotum, dorsal view, 13, right hemelytra and hind wing, 14, specimen from Paraguay, head and pronotum, dorsal view. PLATE 3. Figs. 15���21, Graptocleptes bicolor, male genitalia, 15���16, pygophore, 15, ventral view, 16, lateral view, 17, paramere, 18���21, phallus, 18, latero-ventral view, 19, dorsal view, 20���21, with endosoma completely inflated, lateral view, the arrow points to an expansion of conjunctiva, 20, specimen from S��o Paulo state, Brazil, 21, specimen from Paraguay. RedescrIptIon. Male (Figs. 2���3, 7 ��� 35): Dimensions, Tables 1 and 2. ColoratIon: General coloration black (Figs. 2��� 3, 7); head, including eyes and antennae black (Figs. 2���3, 7 ��� 9, 11���12); neck entirely red (Figs. 8���9, 12) or darkened at sides; anterior pronotal lobe reddish, somewhat darkened to brownish red in a few specimens (Figs. 2���3, 7, 11���12); posterior pronotal lobe black or with reddish suffusion of varying extent (Figs. 2���3, 7, 11���12); scutellum red or variably darkened to entirely blackish (Figs. 11���12, 14); meso- and metasternum brownish-red or blackish; the latter usually brighter, when not all black. In the male from Paraguay, the head, excluding eyes, ocellar bases and antennae, and thorax are almost completely red (Fig. 14), with distal segments of rostrum somewhat brownish. Hemelytra black or dark brown, with a yellow spot on external and mid-distal portions of corium, reaching adjacent part of membrane, mainly in basal portion of distal cell of membrane (Figs. 1���2, 7, 13); hind wing mostly brownish-black, with bright areas at basal third and in lines parallel to veins (Fig. 13); fore femur black, brown, and with a faint incomplete yellowish middle annulus in the specimen from Paraguay; mid and hind femora black, brownish in the specimen from Paraguay, with a yellowish annulus, this is narrower, sometimes almost imperceptible and median in mid femur and larger, much brighter and somewhat distal to median portion of the segment in hind femur (Fig. 7); tibia and tarsi black, brownish in the specimen from Paraguay; sternites mostly reddish, with two or three distal segments variably darker to blackish, including spots or darkened markings in the more proximal reddish segments; connexivum almost completely reddish, variably darkened in the distal segments as well. HEAD (Figs. 8���12, 14): elongate, integument shiny, with sparse long and several short and straight blackish hairs, denser in posterior lobe of head; gula strongly curved, covered with dense, moderately long pubescence; clypeus straight; postantennal spines blunt, tuberculiform; eyes globose, projecting laterally; transverse sulcus well marked; ocelli elevated, much closer to eyes than to each other; labium with shiny integument, with sparse straight blackish hairs and setae, the latter denser and brighter on apical portion of last segment; segment II (first apparent), thickest, straight, reaching posterior margin of eyes; segment III somewhat curved; segment IV triangular, tapering, almost reaching fore coxae; neck shiny, glabrous. Antennal segments blackish, first two segments shiny and straight; segment I the longest segment with sparse moderately long blackish hairs; segment II with sparse moderately long and several shorter straight blackish hairs, as well as trichobothria, numbering ten in a specimen examined after clarification (Fig. 10); segments III and IV opaque, covered with short adpressed hairs, and some sparse moderately longer curved ones; segment III somewhat thicker in first third and somewhat curved to distal middle; segment IV straight, with blunt apex. THORAX (Figs. 7, 11���14): pronotum: anterolateral angles pronounced, rounded, diverging laterally; midlongitudinal sulcus shallow anteriorly, deep distally; transverse sulcus well defined; pronotum with shiny integument, margins of anterior lobe covered by dense, short blackish setae; in the disc, these setae sparser; anterior portion of posterior lobe with sparse, short setae, forming a midlongitudinal line in the hind lobe, where these setae are brighter, yellowish to whitish; disc smooth, with faint horizontal depression across humerus; humeral angles rounded, their margins slightly raised; humeral angles rounded; propleurae with acetabula produced laterally; stridulitrum attaining fore coxa; pleurae with blackish hairs, and small groups of adpressed whitish large setae on superior portion of mesopleura in some individuals; meso- and metasternum with patches of white wax, with whitish setae between coxae in few specimens; meso- and metaepisternum with whitish hairs. Scutellum subtriangular, apex blunt; acute in one specimen, with a few hairs in the central portion, reddish-brown or more darkened; sometimes with midlongitudinal line of whitish setae on approximately the first third, this is a continuation of the line of whitish setae on hind lobe. Legs: slender and elongate; coxae globose, slightly constricted apically; trochanters almost quadrangular; coxae and trochanters ventral with fine whitish hairs; femora thickened basally, mostly in fore and mid pairs, with sparse long straight blackish hairs; fore and mid femora with dense erect brush-like whitish setae ventrally; fore tibia with dense erect brush-like whitish setae ventrally, and small apical spur on anterior side of segment; all tibiae with sparse long straight blackish hairs too, and numerous erect setae, denser towards apex and in fore and mid tibiae. Tarsi three-segmented, densely setose, mainly on ventral surface. Hemelytra long, surpassing abdomen by about half length of membrane; corium covered with dense darkened bristle-like setae; cells and nervures of hemelytra and hind wing as Fig. 13. Abdomen: elongate; sternites with integument shiny with long whitish hairs; small patches, with variable dimensions, of whitish short setae on midlateral portions of first sternites in some specimens. MALE GENITALIA (Figs. 15���35): Pygophore blackish or brownish, with blackish hairs, longer in lateral portions, subpentagonal in ventral view (Figs. 15���16); with a rounded basal protuberance and subtriangular rounded apex (Figs. 15���16). Parameres blackish, symmetrical, elongated, with elongated blackish hairs on lateral margin and apex, where three or four elements are longer (Fig. 17). Phallus simple (Figs. 18���21); articulatory apparatus moderately short; with somewhat rounded arms (Figs. 19, 22, 25), or subsquared arms, these are more sclerotized (Fig. 23); dorsal phallothecal sclerite variably sclerotized, struts simple (Figs. 19, 26���27). After endosoma expansion, in two males, a conical projection of conjunctiva was observed at the apex (Fig. 20), whereas in the specimen from Paraguay, a similar conical projection of the conjunctiva is dorsal between endosoma processes and the apex of the phallothecal sclerite (Fig. 21); conjunctiva finely spiculose (Fig. 31). Among endosoma processes, in addition to diffuse basal thickening, a small, ventral, curved, and somewhat sclerotized process (Fig. 28) was followed, just above it, by another pair of small few sclerotized subrectangular processes (Fig. 28). These latter were subapical in one male (Fig. 28), apical in the male from Paraguay (Fig. 29), and apico-dorsal in another two males, in which these processes were dorsally located in relation to a group of numerous triangular, sclerotized processes (Fig. 30). These triangular processes could be better observed, after full endosoma expansion in the specimen in which they are located alone in the apex (Figs. 32���35). In the specimen from Paraguay, this group of triangular sclerotized processes was subapical. PLATE 4. Figs. 22���29, Graptocleptes bicolor, male genitalia, 22���25, articulatory apparatus, dorsal view, 24���25, details, 26��� 27, dorsal phallothecal sclerite and struts, 28���29, endosoma, dorsal view, 28, middle portion with paired processes, 29, apical paired processes in the specimen from Paraguay. PLATE 5. Figs. 30���35, Graptocleptes bicolor, male genitalia, 30, paired processes in other specimen, 31, conjunctiva, detail, 32��� 35, apex, dorsal view, 33���34, endosoma expanded, 35, triangular, sclerotized processes. Female (Figs. 5���6, 36 ��� 39): Dimensions (in mm): Tables 3 and 4. Generally, like the male albeit somewhat bigger, including the variation with head coloration (excluding eyes, ocellar basis, and antennas), and thorax orange-red to reddish (Figs. 6, 36���38); antennal segment III somewhat thinner in portion of maximum width of segment. Abdomen also somewhat more enlarged. MaterIal examIned: Reduvius coleopteroides Walker, TYPE, [no geographic data], 1 female, ��� 69. Reduvius coleopteroides,��� ��� Type ��� [green circle label], ��� 521 ��� [BMNH]. Graptocleptes bicolor (Burmeister): BRAZIL, [no locality data], 1 female, ���Royal Brazil,��� handwritten, ��� Amaurosphodrus,��� handwritten, Distant Coll., 1911 - 383, printed [BMNH]; [no locality data], 1 female, 20.II. [1] 927, ���Museu Nacional,��� ��� Brasil,��� A. M. Parko [leg.], ��� Hiranetis coleopteroides Walker ���, N. C. E. Miller det. 1951 [MNRJ]; S��o Paulo, PIracIcaba, 7 females, 7 males, 2012, reared by J. A. Neves, in ���Laborat��rio de Ecologia de Insetos��� [ESALQ], descendants from a female specimen collected in a corn field at the experimental ���Are��o Farm���, ESALQ, 22 �� 41, 716 ��� S ��� 47 �� 38, 478 ��� W, 520���600 m, III. 2011 [MNRJ]; PARAGUAY, Chor��, 1 male, 25.II. 2009, Cotton Plantation, Pierre Silvie leg.[MNRJ]. NOTES ON DISTRIBUTION : G. bicolor has been recorded from Brazil (Burmeister, 1838). However, the only detailed geographical data were given by St��l (1855, 1860, 1872), for the states of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro. Berg (1879) collected this species in eastern Uruguay. NEW RECORD: Paraguay. NOTES ON ECOLOGY - BIOLOGY : Under natural conditions, a female of G. bicolor was found inside a corn field without information on the prey of this species. The offspring and adults were reared in the laboratory and fed with larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Fig. 39), at different stages of development, as well as with larvae of other unidentified lepidopteran species. The only observed copula occurred in a dorsoventral position. Fertile eggs were laid together, displaying a round-shaped clutch. On the other hand, it was observed that females of G. bicolor also laid eggs without fertilization, but these latter were laid in a scattered manner, without showing a normal clutch shape. Five instars were observed before emergence of the adults. These are preliminary observations, and a complete description of the immature forms and biological data will be the subject of a future paper. Burmeister (1838) described Myocoris bicolor based on specimens from Brazil (Figs. 1���4). After some taxonomical changes as recorded above, and its inclusion in Graptocleptes by St��l (1872), the species has remained included in this genus ever since (Lethierry & Severin, 1896, Wygodzinsky 1949, Maldonado 1990). Eccagoras [= Euagoras] nigricornis St��l, 1855, described as from ���Minas Geraes��� [now the state of Minas Gerais], Brazil, was recognized as a junior synonym of G. bicolor by C. St��l himself (St��l 1866, 1872). The description (St��l 1855) and photos of the holotype of E. nigricornis are concordant with the idea that these two taxa are identical. The photos of the syntype of E. nigricornis have been made available by the Swedish Royal Natural Museum (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, NHRS), and can be freely accessed at http://www 2.nrm.se/en/het_nrm/n/ graptocleptes _ nigricornis.html. Walker (1873 a) based his description of R. coleopteroides on a single female specimen, erroneously thought to be male, without any reference to geographical data, which is also missing from the labels attached to the holotype (Fig. 5). This author, in the next part of his catalogue (Walker 1873 b), cited Myocoris bicolor Burmeister as a valid species, but as a ���desiderata,��� or species that it would be ���desirable to procure for the collection��� as can be inferred by the convention of absence of letters, as explained in the preface, thus denoting that he was unaware that they were conspecific. PLATE 6. Figs 36���39, Graptocleptes bicolor, female, 36���37, head, 36, dorsal view, 37, lateral view, 38, specimen determined as ��� Amaurosphrodus ��� by W. L. Distant deposited in BMNH, head and prothorax lateral view, 39, alive, feeding on a caterpillar. Hiranetis Spinola, 1840 and Graptocleptes St��l, 1866 are two closely related genera (Champion 1898), which together with certain other Harpactorini have been recognized as M��llerian wasp mimics, using various Ichneumonidae and Braconidae as models (Champion 1898, Haviland 1931, Hogue 1993, Maldonado & Lozada 1992). The resemblance resulting from this mimicry has led to misidentification of these two genera, as shown in the present case. In G. bicolor, variable extent of reddish coloration on the pronotum was recorded here (Figs. 2���3, 6, 7, 11���12, 14, 38���39). Reddish coloration in the sternal area of the thorax and trochanters was recorded in the original description (Burmeister 1838), but the coloration of the thoracic sterna in the specimens examined here was variable, going from entirely reddish to brownish-red and to black in the other specimens. The variation of the extent of the reddish to blackish coloration was also noticed in the head (except for the ocellar bases, eyes, and antennae) (Figs. 6, 8���9, 14, 36���38) and thorax, including the scutellum, distal sternites, and connexivum. Significant color variation has been recorded in other Graptocleptes species as well (Champion 1898). St��l (1872) recorded a variation of the coloration of the corium of hemelytra, describing it as either paler (���Var. b. - pallidior ���) or completely blackish (���bb. Corio toto nigricante ���) Males of Graptocleptes can be recognized by their large prominent eyes and the thickened third antennal joint (Champion 1898). Otherwise, regarding G. bicolor, no sexual dimorphism of eyes size was described by St��l (1872) - ��� oculis (���) in utroque sexus aeque prominulis. ��� Although more specimens should be examined in order to confirm these results, the sexual dimorphism of G. bicolor was shown in the specimens examined here to be subtle. Thus, it possibly might go unnoticed in a rapid viewing of specimens. The third antennal segment is slightly thicker in males, whose maximum width of this segment measured 0.18���0.21 mm (min. ��� max.); in females, it was 0.13 ��� 0.15 mm (Tables 1���2, 3). The eyes may seem somewhat larger in males, when comparing separately some specimens of each sex (Figs. 8���9, 36 ��� 37). In fact, the measurements of the transverse width of the right eye in dorsal view showed higher values in males (0.35��� 0.75 mm: min. ��� max.) than in females (0.30���0.45 mm), but the range of 0.35���0.45 mm was found in both sexes, so no differences in the respective specimens could be seen, as observed by St��l (1872). In the specimens from the state of S��o Paulo (Tables 1, 3), the antennal segments I and II were longer in females, with minimum lengths greater than the maximum lengths of the same segments in males; whereas the antennal segments III and IV are longer in males than in females. However, in the other two females from the BMNH, the lengths of the antennal segments I and II are within the range of those of males from S��o Paulo; the other segments are missing, thus not allowing further comparison. On the other hand, in the male from Paraguay, the third antennal segment was shorter than in all other specimens. Therefore, more specimens need to be examined, in order to clarify these possible sexual differences. Lent & Jurberg (1985) studied the male genitalia of specimens of Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) (Triatominae) from diverse origins, and pointed out that the same variability noticed in its external color characters and in the relationship between the head and pronotum was demonstrated by structures of the phallus such as the endosoma processes, struts, phallosoma, and vesica. On the other hand, in Triatoma infestans (Klug, 1834), a species with ���stable external characters��� (Lent & Jurberg 1985), the dissection of the male genitalia of specimens from different regions or populations showed only a small variability in struts and endosoma processes (Lent & Jurberg 1985; Pires et al. 1998). Because the dissection of the male genitalia is usually carried out on only one specimen of each species (Lent & Jurberg 1985), the variability of these structures may remain unrecorded. Therefore, in future studies, and particularly in relation to species in which a color or morphological variation is evident, dissection should be performed on more than one specimen of each species, in order to ascertain the possible male genitalia variability, as recorded in the phallic structures of G. bicolor in the present study (Figs. 20���23, 26 ��� 30). The main characteristics that separate Hira, Published as part of Gil-Santana, H��lcio R., Davranoglou, Leonidas-Romanos & Neves, Juliana A., 2013, A new synonymy of Graptocleptes bicolor (Burmeister), with taxonomical notes (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae: Harpactorini), pp. 348-360 in Zootaxa 3700 (3) on pages 349-359, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3700.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/218639

The Canary Archipelago is home to two species of obligately cavernicolous assassin bugs of the genus Collartida Villiers, 1949 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae: Collartidini). These species are highly adapted for cave life, being blind and wingless. In the present study, we describe a new species of the genus, C. phantasma sp. nov. from the Federica mine in Gran Canaria. C. phantasma sp. nov. differs from the other two Collartida species found in the Canary Archipelago in that the male is fully winged, the female is wingless, and both sexes have well-developed eyes. We provide information regarding the new species’ habitat, its taxonomic affinities, and its ability to fly., We are grateful to Marcos Roca-Cusachs and Marta Goula (University of Barcelona) for providing access to the Ribes collection. We thank Álvaro Monzón for showing us the Federica Mine. We also thank Heriberto López (IPNA-CSIC) for his help during fieldwork and Pedro Oromí (University of La Laguna) for providing information and bibliography regarding troglobiont species of the Canary Archipelago. L.-R. Davranoglou is grateful to the Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship grant (ECF-2021-199) for funding this research. Daniel Suárez was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación through an FPI PhD fellowship (PRE2018-083230). The fieldwork was supported by the project ‘Fauna subterránea del Barranco de los Cernícalos’, funded by the local council of Gran Canaria.