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RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) is obtained from the highly combustible components of household and industrial waste. RDF is mainly used in European countries with a high standard for waste recycling, such as Austria, Germany and the Netherlands. A method for the synthesis of carbon materials and composites based on RDF, coal pitch, petroleum coke and others has been developed. Some of the used components of RDF are: cardboard, polyethylene and polypropylene. The first step in the synthesis process is oxidation, performed at a temperature of 300oC and addition of oxidizer. Then the finished samples are carbonized at 550-750 oC, the last stage of the synthesis is activation: hydropyrolysis at 600-900 oC, physical activation with CO2 or chemical activation. The obtained samples are characterized by BET, SEM, XRD, elemental analysis and others. The final products have high surface area. The characteristics of the obtained carbon materials determine their possible application for adsorption of pollutants and nanoparticles used to neutralize microorganisms (bacteria and viruses) in water and air. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]