1. Cytoglobin modulates myogenic progenitor cell viability and muscle regeneration.
- Author
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Singh S, Canseco DC, Manda SM, Shelton JM, Chirumamilla RR, Goetsch SC, Ye Q, Gerard RD, Schneider JW, Richardson JA, Rothermel BA, and Mammen PP
- Subjects
- Animals, Apoptosis, Cell Differentiation, Cell Line, Cell Proliferation, Cell Survival, Cytoglobin, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, RNA, Small Interfering metabolism, Reactive Oxygen Species, Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle pathology, Stem Cells cytology, Time Factors, Gene Expression Regulation, Globins metabolism, Muscles physiology, Regeneration physiology, Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle cytology
- Abstract
Mammalian skeletal muscle can remodel, repair, and regenerate itself by mobilizing satellite cells, a resident population of myogenic progenitor cells. Muscle injury and subsequent activation of myogenic progenitor cells is associated with oxidative stress. Cytoglobin is a hemoprotein expressed in response to oxidative stress in a variety of tissues, including striated muscle. In this study, we demonstrate that cytoglobin is up-regulated in activated myogenic progenitor cells, where it localizes to the nucleus and contributes to cell viability. siRNA-mediated depletion of cytoglobin from C2C12 myoblasts increased levels of reactive oxygen species and apoptotic cell death both at baseline and in response to stress stimuli. Conversely, overexpression of cytoglobin reduced reactive oxygen species levels, caspase activity, and cell death. Mice in which cytoglobin was knocked out specifically in skeletal muscle were generated to examine the role of cytoglobin in vivo. Myogenic progenitor cells isolated from these mice were severely deficient in their ability to form myotubes as compared with myogenic progenitor cells from wild-type littermates. Consistent with this finding, the capacity for muscle regeneration was severely impaired in mice deficient for skeletal-muscle cytoglobin. Collectively, these data demonstrate that cytoglobin serves an important role in muscle repair and regeneration.
- Published
- 2014
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