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The INFORM project is carried out as a mixed-methods study with both qualitative and quantitative methods, using moderated focus groups and guided individual interviews as well as a standardized online-survey. First, profession-specific online-discussions are carried out with staff working clinically in medical rehabilitation to determine their specific needs in terms of rehabilitation-related skills which are required but may not have been adequately learned during qualification (work package 1). This is followed by focus groups within the interprofessional rehabilitation teams at the rehabilitation facilities to evaluate their common needs regarding interprofessional cooperation as well as implications for joint training offers in medical rehabilitation (work package 2). In order to determine the view of the clinical/administrative management on further training needs of the rehabilitation team or each of the profession-groups, guided individual interviews are conducted with the management (work package 3). Finally, the project will be finished with an anonymous online-survey in which the qualitative results from the focus groups and interviews are to be quantified and verified using a questionnaire which will be distributed among staff from the various health professions in medical rehabilitation (work package 4).

Study protocol for three work packages

This is a protocol for a scoping review to explore the approaches that have been used to influence leisure participation following stroke.

Every aspect of a person’s life is affected by spinal cord injury. The physical, psychological, cognitive and emotional effects of the injury affect not only the person but also their support network, impacting their ability to participate in meaningful life roles. Life expectancy is also significantly affected by spinal cord injury, with life-limiting comorbidities in addition to the physical and cognitive effects of ageing. Despite an increase in life expectancy for people with spinal cord injury (NSW Agency for Clinical Innovation, 2014) due to improvements in medical treatment, rehabilitation and support services, additional challenges remain. Common concerns about functional independence, engagement in social, leisure and work activities and maintaining quality of life for people with a spinal cord injury may be magnified as they grow older. Currently, medical and psychosocial support is focussed on acute and rehabilitation stages and period of transition back into the community immediately post discharge, and specialist support to age well with a spinal cord injury is rare. This study investigates the effects of ageing on Australians with a spinal cord injury, the supports available and suggested improvements that may facilitate this cohort to optimise their health and wellbeing and continue to engage in meaningful and purposeful life roles as they grow older with a disability. Aims: - Review how the ageing process affects people with SCI from a physical, psychosocial and cognitive perspective. - Identify how different consumers approach the process of aging with a spinal cord injury. - Identify the health, community and aged care services available for this demographic in developing countries - Review the approach and attitudes of health, aged care and community professionals to working with this demographic. Objective: Investigate the experience of aging of this demographic. There is currently limited information on the experience or quality of life of those aging with a SCI. (Jorgensen, Andersson, & Lexell, 2021; Lundstrom, Lilja, Gray, & Isaksson, 2015). With this demographic increasing, it is therefore imperative from an economic and social perspective that further research is undertaken to determine strategies to support and optimise quality of life for this cohort. This scoping review will identify scope of current knowledge wrt to the requirements for people with a SCI to age well, the supports available and identify gaps to be further investigated.

Determine whether treatment effect changes as well as true inter-individual response differences (IIRD) occur in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) as a result of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in heart transplant patients.

This global health research project focuses on a neglected condition (albinism) and the health inequities and human rights violations faced by mothers who give birth to a baby with albinism. For many women, the delivery marks the beginning of a sequelae of life-altering societal responses that ultimately prevent her and her baby from the full enjoyment of their human rights. Giving birth to a baby with albinism can precipitate abandonment by family and community, intimate partner violence, and precarity. A synthesis of the evidence regarding the experiences surrounding the birth of a baby with albinism for family members and their carers in Africa is needed to inform research and practice. Specifically, this synthesis will support a broader ongoing study exploring how the perinatal experiences of mothers who give birth to a baby with albinism can be improved through health services, health professions education, and the development of equity-oriented and contextually relevant educational strategies, with the overarching aim of promoting, protecting, and fulfilling their human rights. This evidence synthesis is the first phase of four of our study (to read more: www.motheringandalbinism.com). As we are taking a participatory approach, it will facilitate an interdisciplinary dialogue with our intersectoral network to come to a shared understanding of key concepts and findings to inform our collective work. No other evidence synthesis was found on this topic and this knowledge is crucial to support the development of our equity-oriented and contextually relevant educational strategies. Although we had conducted previous synthesis work on albinism and human rights (Reimer-Kirkham et al., 2019; Reimer-Kirkham et al., in review), the focus of this current synthesis is distinct as it targets the perinatal period and broadens the scope to health professions education. This synthesis will inform the next phases of our study and gather insights from relevant sources to present a comprehensive synthesis of birthing experiences of mothers, families, and carers to the birth of a baby with albinism in sub-Saharan Africa.

The expansion of the diversity of health care is notorious, and even though these are not evidenced in large numbers for certain niches, it is already noticeable that there are some productions that tend to investigate some of the so-called integrative health practices as possibilities of improvements for the health of some subjects that make use of them. Therefore, it is inferred that yoga may be one of these practices to influence the aspect of motricity and other physiological conditions. Considering the hypothesis of an inclusive practice, the chair will be used in this intervention as a support for the execution of the seated yoga practice. Elderly people between the ages of 65 and 80 were chosen as the target public.

A methodological review of self-acknowledged limitations in exercise therapy trials for the treatment of low back pain

This systematic review is investigating the effects of psychological stress on musculoskeletal tissue health.

The aim of this scoping review is to create an overview about existing measuring parameters for pain-related and movement-related fear and the underlying constructs.

At the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face physical assessment became difficult due to social distancing. In many instances, testing was halted. Remote physical performance testing would circumvent the problem, as did telehealth, which played an important role of “virtual world” for remote monitoring, health consultations, telemedicine, and rehabilitation. The scoping review is to provide an overview of validity and reliability study being assessed remotely versus face-to-face physical performance test, identifying the various validated physical perfromances tests, describing the methodologies, limitations and future implications. Significance;Utility by researchers, clinicians and coaches, simple, cost and time effective,commercialisable, and applicable to various populations.

Objective: To understand the extent and type of empirical evidence available relating to the impact of complex trauma on daily functioning and occupations in childhood. Introduction: Extensive investigation has explored the negative effects that exposure to complex trauma has on various components of health and development in childhood. However, research considering the impact of complex trauma on daily functioning and occupation in the lives of children and youth has been treated in limited detail. Inclusion Criteria: The review will include empirical studies involving children and youth who have been exposed to prolonged or repeated experiences of interpersonal trauma within a caregiver relationship. The study must include a report of the impact of complex trauma on an aspect of daily functioning or occupation in a child’s life. Methods: The JBI methodology for scoping reviews will be used to conduct this review, accompanied by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. A systematic search strategy will be run through the EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Web of Science databases. A hand search will be conducted to ensure sources which fall outside these databases are included. The title and abstract will be screened by two independent reviewers. The full texts of potentially relevant sources will be screened by two independent reviewers with a third acting as adjudicator to resolve discrepancies. The data extracted will be synthesized using thematic analysis, presented in tabular form, and accompanied by a narrative summary describing its relationship to the review question.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of research that has been conducted regarding sexual trauma revictimization among military personnel and veterans. Introduction: Military sexual trauma (MST) is a traumatic event that has become a growing concern in all branches of the U.S. military. Despite preventative efforts by the Department of Defense and the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), the incidence of sexual abuse among service members has been increasing. Between the years of 1997-2015, rates of MST have increased by 200% (Collette, 2021), and the VHA estimates that 33% of women and 2% of men have suffered sexual abuse during their time in the military (U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, 2021). Many of these individuals go on to suffer negative physical and mental health outcomes such as PTSD, depression, eating disorders, emotion dysregulation, substance use disorder, and even further sexual trauma (Walker et al., 2017). Sexual abuse revictimization is a concerning outcome of sexual trauma that results in similar symptoms of the original sexual abuse, but with a greater risk (Arata, 2002). A multitude of reviews of the extant literature on revictimization have been published over the last two decades synthesizing the current evidence that has established sexual trauma, in all stages of development: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, as a risk factor for future sexual abuse. Critically, a recent review by Walker et al. (2017) found that individuals who experience sexual abuse are three times more likely to be revictimized and the likelihood of revictimization increases with the recency, frequency, and severity of the abuse. Although there have been many reviews of sexual trauma revictimization within the general population, the same cannot be said for military and veteran populations, which have been known to have relatively higher rates of sexual trauma. To date, only one systematic review has been conducted regarding this high-risk population (Tirone et al., 2020). Unfortunately, this review only considered sexual trauma happening within or after the military experience, not sexual abuse that may have occurred before. Consequently, the literature analyzing sexual trauma and revictimization throughout the entire lifetime, to include: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood (prior to military service) has been overlooked, and a scoping review exploring these additional factors merits consideration. It is our goal to take an inclusive and comprehensive approach, looking at sexual abuse throughout the entire lifetime: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood- of an individual who is currently serving on active duty or has served in the past. We hope to discover broad trends of revictimization before, during, and after military service; treatment modalities; and potential mediators and moderators of revictimization.

Objective: To map out the current evidence base in relation to the application of asset-based approaches to improve outcomes with adults in health or social care. Introduction: Application of asset-based approaches (ABAs) with adults in the areas of health or social care have increased. To better understand the implementation of ABAs to improve outcomes with adults, there is a need to synthesise current evidence. Inclusion criteria: Studies that applied an asset-based approach, Asset Based Community Development or based their approach or intervention on the theory of salutogenesis; ABAs used in health promotion and preventative approaches; Empirical studies; Adults aged 18 and above receiving health or social care services; Peer-reviewed literature; Must be applied or implemented in health or social care context; Any publication time period; Any study design; Only studies published in English. Methods: A systematic search will be carried out in five databases PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and SCOPUS, using search terms guided by an academic librarian. Studies will be screened for inclusion based on the predefined eligibility criteria. Data selection will be facilitated through Covidence systemic software. Studies will be screened for inclusion based on the eligibility criteria at title, abstract and full-text level. All studies will be screened by the first author and 10% will be screened independently by a second reviewer. Outstanding conflicts will be resolved with a third reviewer. Data extraction will be carried out using a predefined data extraction form and written guide developed by the first author. A narrative synthesis will be conducted (Popay et al., 2006).

The aim of this scoping review is to determine what evidence exists for Advanced Clinical Practice within Neurological Rehabilitation (including stroke). The review will synthesise peer-reviewed articles and grey literature that explores the role of Advanced Clinical Practitioners within a Neurological Rehabilitation context. The scope of articles may include the demand and benefits of the role, or service improvement projects. A secondary aim of this scoping review is to determine what educational frameworks or credentials already exist (if any), for neurological rehabilitation. This will include published curricula, degree programme outlines, quality standards and frameworks. The overarching aim of this work is to develop and co-produce an educational framework for Advanced Clinical Practitioners (ACP) in neurological rehabilitation (including stroke). It is therefore anticipated that findings of this scoping review will contribute towards defining skills, knowledge and behaviours required for Advanced Clinical Practitioners working in Neurological Rehabilitation.

This project aims to research the postural control of men with low back pain and lower urinary tract symptoms, compared to men with either low back pain or lower urinary tract symptoms and healthy controls by analyzing center of pressure parameters. All documentation for this study, including research protocol, analysis plan, data management plans, patient information files and more can be found at the project page of the institutional FigShare website of the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, which can be accessed here: https://uvaauas.figshare.com/projects/Balance_deficits_in_patients_with_lower_urinary_tract_symptoms_and_low_back_pain_/120702 Also, this OSF preregistration is filled in based on the research protocol (version 3.2) described here: https://doi.org/10.21943/auas.19705384.v2, of which more recent versions can be accessed through this DOI: https://doi.org/10.21943/auas.19705384 The static version of this protocol is also added to this preregistration on OSF This study is coordinated by researchers from the Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. All affiliations of contributors: 1) Centre of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2) Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 3) Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane and Gold Coast, Australia. 4) Somt University of Physiotherapy, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.

Developing an evidence mapping framework to identify and describe the current literature surrounding performance in United States Military Special Operations.

The primary purpose of this modified Delphi process is to derive a set of fundamental considerations for the design and implementation of placebo control interventions, applicable to clinical trials of physical, psychological, and self-management therapies for pain. Informed by a preliminary systematic review of methods, the panellists’ experiences and an external patient and stakeholder engagement exercise, the aim is to enhance and standardise placebo control design in the field and find solutions to the particular challenges of placebo controlling clinical trials of complex participatory interventions.

Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the Americas. It is also the leading cause of long-term disability in the world. In parallel, the use of photobiomodulation has steadily increased in several areas of medical practice that require healing, prevention of tissue death, pain relief, reduction of inflammation and regenerative medicine. Objectives: this review aims to provide an overview of the use of Photobiomodulation therapies in stroke patients providing the best scientific evidence available to guide future clinical studies and new care protocols in the follow-up and rehabilitation of this population. Methods A scope review according to the extended PRISMA protocol for Systematic Scope Reviews and Meta-analyzes (PRISMA-ScR) limited to English, French, Spanish, Portuguese or Italian, following P.I.C.O. P: (Stroke) I: (Laser OR Photo) in the MEDLINE /, EMBASE, LILACS, Open Gray, Web os Science and Portal Capes databases about Human studies on the use of different types of Photomodulation therapies in patients with Stroke, Ischemic or Hemorrhagic, regardless of the time of injury (acute or chronic) of the comparator or the outcome analyzed. Parallel studies comparing the Laser with control groups without treatment, control groups with sham / placebo therapy, other comparator therapies or NOT control group will be included. No restrictions regarding age, sex of the patient, stroke etiology, time of injury, Light protocol used, type of Light, type of study, intensity, application technique or analyzed outcome will be imposed. Exclusion Criteria: Experimental or animal studies, studies that used other techniques without the use of therapeutic Light, studies with the use of laser as a non-therapeutic diagnostic tool, rapid communications, opinions, editorials, letters to the editor, unpublished studies, journalistic materials, book chapters, published protocols without results, scientific reports without described research methodology, description of patents and products without described research methodology, scientific reports, class records, conferences and lectures, narrative reviews, commercial journals, feeds news, business technical reports, blogs, podcasts and websites. The recommendations recommended in Equator network tools of quality and the REBRATs platform will be used for quality analysis. In addition to the LLT / photomedicine Guideline, we planned the use of the CONSORT Guideline for randomized clinical trials; for non-randomized clinical studies, ROBINS Guideline; for observational studies, STROBE Guideline; for systematic reviews, PRISMA and AMSTAR Guidelines; for case reports, CARE Guideline. If necessary, the NIH Study Quality Assessment Tools and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool can be used. The minimum criteria analyzed will be: blinding, presence of a control group, randomization, calculation of the sample size, losses occurred during the study, use of validated instruments for evaluation and diagnosis, clear description of the statistical methods used for objective evaluation, description of the longitudinal follow-up minimum, selective notification of results, prior registration of the study protocol. A qualitative descriptive analysis of the collected data is planned. We planned an individual description of the participants' data and a narrative synthesis. The synthesis will be provided with the results of the included studies, structured around the reported positive or negative results of Laser therapy, the type of intervention, type of conditions studied and study design. Summaries of the effects of the intervention will be provided for each study. If a minimum of two studies with the same material, same condition, therapy and results are found, we plan to use the RevMan software to perform a quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis).

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major cause of morbidity and thereby mortality in the world. In developing countries like India and other South Asian countries there has been an alarming increase of deaths due to cardiovascular diseases when compared to the developed Nations.

Study about family-centered interventions in preeschoolers and their effects on children's motor development

The search for instruments that can measure the impact of a health condition in all aspects related to the quality of life of patients is constant in clinical practice. From this perspective, the Patient Generated Index (PGI) was developed, which uses an innovative approach to assessing health-related quality of life (Ruta, DA., et al. 1994). The PGI consists of three stages. In the first step the individual identifies a maximum of five important areas of his life affected by the disease; soon after the identification, he evaluates how each one was affected by the disease scoring from 0 to 6, being 0 the worst imaginable and 6, exactly as he would like it to be; and at the end, the individual distributes 10 points among the areas identified in the first step, so that, the higher the score the more important for his life, and the lower the score the less important that area will be for his life (Camfield, L.; Ruta, DA. 2007). Its validity, reliability, and responsiveness have already been evaluated in several health conditions (Ruta, DA., et al 1994; Aburub, AS., et al 2016; Ruta, DA., et al 1999; Herd, RM et al 1997). Recently, Cardoso et al (2020) translated the instrument into Portuguese and analyzed its psychometric properties in a population of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although there is evidence for the use of the PGI in health-related quality of life, there are still gaps that need to be filled, such as in which populations the instrument has already been applied, in which health conditions it has been used, and what psychometric properties have been studied.

We are trying to understand how people with Parkinson's watch emotionally expressed dance and whether music plays a role in their perception of movement.

This is the final protocol for a systematic review aiming to identify factors that increase the risk of femoroacetabular impingement in occupational settings. The original protocol (registration DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/542AC) was submitted under the same title: Factors that increase the risk of developing femoroacetabular impingement in occupational settings. Amendments to the original are outlined in the document attached.

Chronic non-cancer pain is defined as being longer than 3-6 months duration or beyond the time required for normal tissue healing after acute injury. Chronic pain encompasses a collection of syndromes that are associated with negative effects on functional status and quality of life. Due to its staggering prevalence and direct impacts on physical disability, psychosocial dysfunction, and addiction, chronic pain has been deemed a public health crisis. One of the greatest challenges in managing chronic pain is the complexity of its pathophysiology and variety of etiologies. Chronic pain is thought to arise from such mechanisms as stimulation of nociceptors, lesions or diseases of the somatosensory nervous system, or increased central nervous system (CNS) sensitivity to incoming afferent information. Prospective evidence suggests that enhanced knowledge of pharmacotherapy related to pain pathophysiology may lead to better management options and treatment outcomes. Some evidence suggests cortical disinhibition involving the neurotransmitters glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may underlie various etiologies of chronic pain. Pharmacotherapeutics targeting these mechanisms have shown some success managing symptoms in persons experiencing chronic pain. However, in humans there is little direct evidence to help guide chronic pain manipulation due to the general inability to directly visualize the CNS, as well as a paucity of biological markers (“biomarkers”) that reflect chronic pain’s pathophysiology. One proposed biomarker for assessing CNS neurophysiology underlying chronic pain is transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). TMS has been used to study the human CNS in healthy participants and various disease states, as well as in response to CNS-altering interventions. Nevertheless, there has been little cumulative evidence on the use of TMS in chronic pain. Some work has synthesized literature involving TMS as a biomarker in specific pain disorders such as myofascial pain syndrome, while others have discussed putative mechanisms related to TMS and chronic pain. However, no work has summarized the evidence from TMS studies across multiple etiologies of chronic pain. We thus aim to conduct a scoping review to synthesize the evidence related to TMS and chronic non-cancer pain. The proposed work will: 1) identify available evidence for TMS as a biomarker in chronic pain; 2) clarify neurophysiological mechanisms underlying chronic pain, as identified by TMS; and 3) identify knowledge gaps with reference to TMS and chronic pain, such as pain syndromes for which there is little or emerging evidence.

The goal of the present study is to investigate how information on an analgesic therapy affects the evaluation of recollected pain episodes. Moreover, we want to investigate whether recognition memory performance for therapeutic information affects the evaluation of recollected pain episodes. Therefore, the subjects are instructed to recall a moderate and severe pain episode from memory and evaluate pain intensity, suffering from pain and pain interference in relation to the recollected pain episodes. Subsequently, the subjects receive one of four different types of information on analgesic therapy. This therapeutic information varies in terms of (1) the likelihood of receiving an analgesic (high/low confidence) and (2) the potency of the analgesic (high/low potency). Afterwards, the subjects shall re-evaluate the recollected pain episodes, however, this time accounting for the therapeutic information they just have received. In order to measure the effect of recognition memory performance for therapeutic information on the pre-post changes in pain ratings, a Remember-Know-task with items from the therapeutic information on analgesic therapy is assessed at the end of the experiment.

This meta-research study aims to quantify the prevalence of reporting of criteria of good clinical practice and transparent research practices among full-length clinical trials published in orthopedics and sports medicine journals. Therefore, articles representing clinical studies published in the top 25% journals in the "orthopedics and sports medicine" category will be screened and assessed with regard to pre-specified criteria.

The purpose of the current study is to examine the clinical relevance of Tai Chi on pain and physical function in adults with knee osteoarthritis.

The purpose of this review is to summarise the best available recent evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions for preventing or reversing pre-frailty and frailty in community dwelling adults aged 65 and over. This review also aims to explore the feasibility of interventions in terms of cost effectiveness, acceptability, and adherence.

Background: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an emerging tool in physical medicine and rehabilitation which shows tremendous promise as a therapeutic modality for addressing a wide range of symptoms and functional impairments associated with chronic disease and disability. Although the standardized application of this tool is still in its nascence, there is growing demand for information related to SCS among the general public. Objective: This scoping review aimed to identify and assess web-based information regarding the use or application of SCS for the treatment or management of health conditions and symptoms. Methods: A systematic search was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology for scoping reviews. Google Trends was used to identify the top trending, worldwide search queries (i.e., keyword terms) within a specified time frame (February 02, 2012 to February 02, 2022). From these results, “spinal stimulator” was identified as the top queried term. After entering this term in the 4 most widely used search engines (Google, Baidu, Yahoo, and Bing), information on SCS found on primary websites within the first two pages of returned results were assessed. Results: One hundred and three websites were identified for the term “spinal stimulator” (Google=30, Baidu=20, Yahoo=29, Bing=24). After duplicate removal, 46 unique primary sites were identified. Primary sites were scientific resources (n=5), non-profit (n=8), for-profit (n=17), news/media (n=3), independent/blogs (n=3), or peer-reviewed journal articles (n=10). Linked sites (n=55) with additional resources were also identified. Conclusions: Publicly available web-based information on the use of SCS mainly targets people with chronic pain. 29 websites described epidural SCS exclusively but did not describe any contraindications. Our preliminary search results suggest that more than half of all websites curating information on invasive (i.e., epidural) SCS did not describe potential risk factors and harms associated with these procedures. This review is currently on-going.

A Systematic Review looking at the effectiveness of multimodal treatment compared to other intervention(s), placebo/sham interventions or no intervention at improving clinical outcomes in adults and/or children with whiplash associated disorders (Grades I-III), and neck pain and associated disorders (Grades I-III)

Background: It is well known that premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is more prevalent in women of childbearing age than before as a common disease. But numerous epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that PMDD start from the adolescence, which have brought it a severe public health concern. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of reliable estimates on the prevalence and risk factors among female adolescents. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of PMDD among adolescents. Methods: Electronic databases (from January 2000 onwards), including PubMed, MEDLINE, WoS (Clarivate Analytics), Embase, Google Scholar, CNKI, Chinese VIP Information, Wanfang Database and CBM will be searched separately. Observational studies reporting on the prevalence of PMDD among adolescents will be included. The primary outcome will be the prevalence of PMDD. Secondary outcomes will be the prevalence of any risk factors in association with PMDD. The abstract data and full-text articles will be independently screened by two reviewers. The study methodological quality (or bias) will be appraised using an appropriate tool. If feasible, we will conduct random effects meta-analysis of observational data. Subgroup analyses will be conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity (e.g., gender, sample size, type of occupation). Publication bias and heterogeneity between the included studies will also be assessed and reported. Results: The results of this study will systematically evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of premenstrual dysphoric disorder among adolescents. Conclusion: This study will summarize the current published evidence of epidemiological investigations of PMDD with advanced age classification. Abbreviations: PMDD = premenstrual dysphoric disorder, PMS = premenstrual syndrome, ALLO = allopregnanolone, DSM-V =Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition, ICD= International Classification of Diseases, ROB = risk of bias, SMD = standardized mean difference. Keywords: SSRIs, Premenstrual dysphoric disorder, Population-based observational studies, Systematic review protocol

N-of-1 trials and single-case designs (SCD) are used to evaluate individual-patient response to interventions. This is in contrast to group-based research designs (e.g. randomised controlled trials), which tell us more about the average response to interventions for the group studied. N-of-1 trials and SCDs are being increasingly recognised as a useful method across a number of disciplines, but generally their adoption has been limited. This may be related to a number of inaccurate beliefs about these methods or perceived barriers to using them. It is important to explore stakeholder perspectives of N-of-1 trials and SCDs in order to identify strategies to increase awareness and adoption. To date, there are few high-quality studies investigating multiple stakeholder perspectives about using N-of-1 trials and SCDs studies in the healthcare context. Most studies have focused on the views of clinicians or patients, with few exploring views of other important stakeholders such as funders, statisticians, methodologists, publishers and regulators. Furthermore, the existing evidence is based on poorly reported research methodology with no theoretical basis about the potential factors that might influence awareness and adoption. A comprehensive, theory-based, in-depth investigation of perspectives across multiple stakeholders groups is needed. This can inform the development of intervention strategies to improve awareness and adoption of N-of-1 trials and SCD studies in healthcare.

This qualitative study aims to analyze the attitudes and preferences of a group of Italian osteopaths in the clinical application of SD.

Scoping review - preregistration

This is a systematic review protocol exploring the aetiology of and treatments for chronic post amputation and neuropathic pain in veterans with conflict wounds. The review will be conducted using the British Medical Journal and The Lancet for the years 1914-1985.

 Delivery of electrical current into the body through needles for therapeutic purposes is not a new idea. A multitude of research studies over the past two decades have investigated the mechanistic and clinical effects of electric needle stimulation in both animal and human models. More recently the term Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (PENS) has gained popularity, however, earlier have compared the use of PENs with Electroacupuncture (EA) and they appear similar in application with differences only in the underlying theoretical constructs. Intramuscular Electrical Stimulation (IMES) is another term that specifically describes the electrical stimulation of muscle tissue for analgesic effects. Recent reviews on the use of IMES have reported that few studies have sought to or were unable to identify if IMES was delivered within a contracture knot of within the vicinity of a TrP region. The purpose of this review is to identify what are the known mechanisms related to IMES within the MTrP through a scoping review of mechanistic studies on both animal and human models.

mild to moderate long-covid digital intervention study

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of research that has been conducted regarding sexual trauma revictimization among military personnel and veterans. Introduction: Military sexual trauma (MST) is a traumatic event that has become a growing concern in all branches of the U.S. military. Despite preventative efforts by the Department of Defense and the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), the incidence of sexual violence among service members has been increasing. Between the years of 1997-2015, rates of MST have increased by 200% (Collette, 2021), and the VHA estimates that 33% of women and 2% of men have suffered sexual violence during their time in the military (U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, 2021). Many of these individuals go on to suffer negative physical and mental health outcomes such as PTSD, depression, eating disorders, emotion dysregulation, substance use disorder, and even further sexual trauma (Walker et al., 2017). Sexual violence revictimization is a concerning outcome of sexual trauma that results in similar symptoms of the original sexual violence, but with a greater risk (Arata, 2002). A multitude of reviews of the extant literature on revictimization have been published over the last two decades synthesizing the current evidence that has established sexual trauma, in all stages of development: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, as a risk factor for future sexual abuse. Critically, a recent review by Walker et al. (2017) found that individuals who experience sexual abuse are three times more likely to be revictimized and the likelihood of revictimization increases with the recency, frequency, and severity of the abuse. Although there have been many reviews of sexual trauma revictimization within the general population, the same cannot be said for military and veteran populations, which have been known to have relatively higher rates of sexual trauma. To date, only one systematic review has been conducted regarding this high-risk population (Tirone et al., 2020). Unfortunately, this review only considered sexual trauma happening within or after the military experience, not sexual violence that may have occurred before. Consequently, the literature analyzing sexual trauma and revictimization throughout the entire lifetime, to include: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood (prior to military service) has been overlooked, and a scoping review exploring these additional factors merits consideration. It is our goal to take an inclusive and comprehensive approach, looking at sexual trauma throughout the entire lifetime: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood- of an individual who is currently serving on active duty or has served in the past. We hope to discover broad trends of revictimization before, during, and after military service; treatment modalities; and potential mediators and moderators of revictimization.

INTRODUCTION: The need to be able to assess collaborative practice in health care teams has been recognized in response to the direction for team-based care in a number of policy documents. The purpose of this study is to report on further refinement of such a measurement instrument, the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (AITCS) first published in 2012. To support this refinement, two objectives were set: Objective 1: to determine whether the items from the data collected in 2016 load on the same factors as found for the 2012 version of the 37-item AITCS. Objective 2: to determine whether the items in the subscales of the AITCS could be reduced while retaining psychometric properties similar to those from the earlier versions of the AITCS. METHODS: Initially, the overall data sets of 1002 respondents from two hospitals and four community agencies were analyzed for demographics and scale and subscale mean values, SDs, and mean item scores. After deletion of respondents because of missing data, 967 respondents were available for the first analysis. An exploratory factor analysis was then conducted to determine the factor structure. All respondents with any random missing data were further removed to reduce the data set to 676 responses, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis to find a model fit resulting in an item reduction in the scale. RESULTS: The result was a 23-item AITCS-II for practitioners that retained acceptable levels of reliability and validity within 3 subscales-partnership (8 items), cooperation (8 items), and coordination (7 items). DISCUSSION: The shortened version of the AITCS-II is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used to assess collaboration in health care teams in practice settings.

Objectives: To describe a characterize patients’ hearing health and to evaluate a method for tele-audiology in a hearing clinic in Nyeri in Kenya. Study design: Field study with quantitative approach using consecutive sampling of patients visiting the hearing clinic. Methods: Questionnaires were answered by patients to identify the amount of visitors, the prevalence of hearing loss, tinnitus, ear diseases and malaria. In addition, hearing tests of patients were gathered during a four week. The results of hearing measurements with pure tone audiometry was compared to that of a new tele-audiology device, Kuduwave, as a validation testing of the tele method under field conditions. Also the tele-audiology method was tested in a pilot study by doing a hearing test at a distance. Results: Eighty patients were included in this study. Thirty-five out of 54 adult patients had tinnitus. Forty patients received malaria medication and 37 patients had hearing aids. Comparative results with eleven patients between pure tone audiometry and Kuduwave showed significant differences on frequencies 250-2000 Hz on the right ear and 250 Hz and 1000 Hz on the left ear. Conclusions: A field study is an opportunity to get close to the population to be studied. Tele-audiology offers new opportunities in hearing health care.