Author: "Brophy, Sinead" / Topic: research article - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

12 results on '"Brophy, Sinead"'

1. Development of an algorithm for determining smoking status and behaviour over the life course from UK electronic primary care records

Author: Atkinson, Mark D., Kennedy, Jonathan I., John, Ann, Lewis, Keir E., Lyons, Ronan A., and Brophy, Sinead T.
Subjects: Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Wales, Adolescent, Primary Health Care, Health Policy, Health Behavior, Smoking, Health Informatics, Smoking cessation, Data linkage, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Prevalence, Electronic Health Records, Humans, Smoking status, Female, Medical Record Linkage, SAIL databank, Algorithms, Research Article, Aged
Abstract: Background Patients’ smoking status is routinely collected by General Practitioners (GP) in UK primary health care. There is an abundance of Read codes pertaining to smoking, including those relating to smoking cessation therapy, prescription, and administration codes, in addition to the more regularly employed smoking status codes. Large databases of primary care data are increasingly used for epidemiological analysis; smoking status is an important covariate in many such analyses. However, the variable definition is rarely documented in the literature. Methods The Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) databank is a repository for a national collection of person-based anonymised health and socio-economic administrative data in Wales, UK. An exploration of GP smoking status data from the SAIL databank was carried out to explore the range of codes available and how they could be used in the identification of different categories of smokers, ex-smokers and never smokers. An algorithm was developed which addresses inconsistencies and changes in smoking status recording across the life course and compared with recorded smoking status as recorded in the Welsh Health Survey (WHS), 2013 and 2014 at individual level. However, the WHS could not be regarded as a “gold standard” for validation. Results There were 6836 individuals in the linked dataset. Missing data were more common in GP records (6%) than in WHS (1.1%). Our algorithm assigns ex-smoker status to 34% of never-smokers, and detects 30% more smokers than are declared in the WHS data. When distinguishing between current smokers and non-smokers, the similarity between the WHS and GP data using the nearest date of comparison was κ = 0.78. When temporal conflicts had been accounted for, the similarity was κ = 0.64, showing the importance of addressing conflicts. Conclusions We present an algorithm for the identification of a patient’s smoking status using GP self-reported data. We have included sufficient details to allow others to replicate this work, thus increasing the standards of documentation within this research area and assessment of smoking status in routine data. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12911-016-0400-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2017

2. Mild-to-moderate renal pelvis dilatation identified during pregnancy and hospital admissions in childhood: An electronic birth cohort study in Wales, UK.

Author: Hurt, Lisa, Wright, Melissa, Demmler, Joanne, VanDerVoort, Judith, Morris, Susan, Brook, Fiona, Tucker, David, Chapman, Maria, Francis, Nick A., Daniel, Rhian, Fone, David, Brophy, Sinead, and Paranjothy, Shantini
Subjects: KIDNEY pelvis, HOSPITAL admission & discharge, URINARY tract infections, NATURAL history, CHILDREN
Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing contributor to the global burden of noncommunicable diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the severity of kidney damage and the need for dialysis or transplantation. It is not known whether mild-to-moderate renal pelvis dilatation (RPD) identified at 18-20 weeks gestation is an early indicator of renal pathology. The aim of this follow-up to the Welsh Study of Mothers and Babies was to assess the risk of hospital admission in children with mild-to-moderate antenatal RPD compared with children without this finding. We also examined how the natural history of the RPD (whether the dilatation persists in later pregnancy or postpartum) or its characteristics (unilateral versus bilateral) changed the risk of hospital admission.Methods/findings: This population-based cohort study included singleton babies born in Wales between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2011 (n = 22,045). We linked ultrasound scan data to routinely available data on hospital admissions from the Patient Episode Database for Wales (PEDW). The outcome was a hospital admission for urinary tract causes (defined by an expert study steering group) in the first three years of life. We used Cox regression to model time to first hospital admission, according to whether there was evidence of RPD at the fetal anomaly scan (FAS) and/or evidence of dilatation in later investigations, adjusting for other predictors of admission. We used multiple imputation with chained equations to impute values for missing data. We included 21,239 children in the analysis. The risk of at least one hospital admission was seven times greater in those with RPD (n = 138) compared with those without (n = 21,101, conditional hazard ratio [cHR] 7.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.31-12.15, p < 0.001). The risk of hospital admission was higher in children with RPD at the FAS and later dilatation (cHR 25.13, 95% CI 13.26-47.64, p < 0.001) and in children without RPD at the FAS who had later dilatation (cHR 62.06, 95% CI 41.10-93.71, p < 0.001) than in children without RPD (n = 21,057). Among children with RPD at the FAS but no dilatation in later pregnancy or postpartum, we did not find an association with hospital admissions (cHR 2.16, 95% CI 0.69-6.75, p = 0.185), except when the initial dilatation was bilateral (cHR 4.77, 95% CI 1.17-19.47, p = 0.029). Limitations of the study include small numbers in subgroups (meaning that these results should be interpreted with caution), that less severe outcomes (such as urinary tract infections [UTIs] managed in the community or in outpatients) could not be included in our analysis, and that obtaining records of radiological investigations later in pregnancy and postpartum was challenging. Our conclusions were consistent after conducting sensitivity analyses to account for some of these limitations.Conclusions: In this large population-based study, children with RPD at the FAS had higher rates of hospital admissions when there was persistent dilatation in later pregnancy or postpartum. Our results can be used to improve counselling of parents and develop care pathways for antenatal screening programmes, including protocols for reporting and further investigation of RPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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3. Curriculum-based outdoor learning for children aged 9-11: A qualitative analysis of pupils’ and teachers’ views.

Author: Marchant, Emily, Todd, Charlotte, Cooksey, Roxanne, Dredge, Samuel, Jones, Hope, Reynolds, David, Stratton, Gareth, Dwyer, Russell, Lyons, Ronan, and Brophy, Sinead
Subjects: QUALITATIVE chemical analysis, TEACHER development, STUDENTS, TEACHERS, HEALTH education teachers, AGE groups
Abstract: The relationship between child health, wellbeing and education demonstrates that healthier and happier children achieve higher educational attainment. An engaging curriculum that facilitates children in achieving their academic potential has strong implications for educational outcomes, future employment prospects, and health and wellbeing during adulthood. Outdoor learning is a pedagogical approach used to enrich learning, enhance school engagement and improve pupil health and wellbeing. However, its non-traditional means of achieving curricular aims are not yet recognised beyond the early years by education inspectorates. This requires evidence into its acceptability from those at the forefront of delivery. This study aimed to explore headteachers’, teachers’ and pupils’ views and experiences of an outdoor learning programme within the key stage two curriculum (ages 9–11) in South Wales, United Kingdom. We examine the process of implementation to offer case study evidence through 1:1 interviews with headteachers (n = 3) and teachers (n = 10) and focus groups with pupils aged 9–11 (n = 10) from three primary schools. Interviews and focus groups were conducted at baseline and six months into implementation. Schools introduced regular outdoor learning within the curriculum. This study found a variety of perceived benefits for pupils and schools. Pupils and teachers noticed improvements in pupils’ engagement with learning, concentration and behaviour, as well as positive impacts on health and wellbeing and teachers’ job satisfaction. Curriculum demands including testing and evidencing work were barriers to implementation, in addition to safety concerns, resources and teacher confidence. Participants supported outdoor learning as a curriculum-based programme for older primary school pupils. However, embedding outdoor learning within the curriculum requires education inspectorates to place higher value on this approach in achieving curricular aims, alongside greater acknowledgment of the wider benefits to children which current measurements do not capture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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4. Algorithms for the Capture and Adjudication of Prevalent and Incident Diabetes in UK Biobank.

Author: Eastwood, Sophie V, Mathur, Rohini, Atkinson, Mark, Brophy, Sinead, Sudlow, Cathie, Flaig, Robin, de Lusignan, Simon, Allen, Naomi, and Chaturvedi, Nishi
Subjects: DIABETES, DISEASE prevalence, DISEASE incidence, BIOBANKS
Abstract: Objectives: UK Biobank is a UK-wide cohort of 502,655 people aged 40–69, recruited from National Health Service registrants between 2006–10, with healthcare data linkage. Type 2 diabetes is a key exposure and outcome. We developed algorithms to define prevalent and incident diabetes for UK Biobank. The algorithms will be implemented by UK Biobank and their results made available to researchers on request. Methods: We used UK Biobank self-reported medical history and medication to assign prevalent diabetes and type, and tested this against linked primary and secondary care data in Welsh UK Biobank participants. Additionally, we derived and tested algorithms for incident diabetes using linked primary and secondary care data in the English Clinical Practice Research Datalink, and ran these on secondary care data in UK Biobank. Results and Significance: For prevalent diabetes, 0.001% and 0.002% of people classified as “diabetes unlikely” in UK Biobank had evidence of diabetes in their primary or secondary care record respectively. Of those classified as “probable” type 2 diabetes, 75% and 96% had specific type 2 diabetes codes in their primary and secondary care records. For incidence, 95% of people with the type 2 diabetes-specific C10F Read code in primary care had corroborative evidence of diabetes from medications, blood testing or diabetes specific process of care codes. Only 41% of people identified with type 2 diabetes in primary care had secondary care evidence of type 2 diabetes. In contrast, of incident cases using ICD-10 type 2 diabetes specific codes in secondary care, 77% had corroborative evidence of diabetes in primary care. We suggest our definition of prevalent diabetes from UK Biobank baseline data has external validity, and recommend that specific primary care Read codes should be used for incident diabetes to ensure precision. Secondary care data should be used for incident diabetes with caution, as around half of all cases are missed, and a quarter have no corroborative evidence of diabetes in primary care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2016
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5. Defining Disease Phenotypes in Primary Care Electronic Health Records by a Machine Learning Approach: A Case Study in Identifying Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Author: Zhou, Shang-Ming, Fernandez-Gutierrez, Fabiola, Kennedy, Jonathan, Cooksey, Roxanne, Atkinson, Mark, Denaxas, Spiros, Siebert, Stefan, Dixon, William G., O’Neill, Terence W., Choy, Ernest, Sudlow, Cathie, null, null, and Brophy, Sinead
Subjects: RHEUMATOID arthritis treatment, PRIMARY care, ELECTRONIC health records, PHENOTYPES, MACHINE learning, RHEUMATOLOGY
Abstract: Objectives: 1) To use data-driven method to examine clinical codes (risk factors) of a medical condition in primary care electronic health records (EHRs) that can accurately predict a diagnosis of the condition in secondary care EHRs. 2) To develop and validate a disease phenotyping algorithm for rheumatoid arthritis using primary care EHRs. Methods: This study linked routine primary and secondary care EHRs in Wales, UK. A machine learning based scheme was used to identify patients with rheumatoid arthritis from primary care EHRs via the following steps: i) selection of variables by comparing relative frequencies of Read codes in the primary care dataset associated with disease case compared to non-disease control (disease/non-disease based on the secondary care diagnosis); ii) reduction of predictors/associated variables using a Random Forest method, iii) induction of decision rules from decision tree model. The proposed method was then extensively validated on an independent dataset, and compared for performance with two existing deterministic algorithms for RA which had been developed using expert clinical knowledge. Results: Primary care EHRs were available for 2,238,360 patients over the age of 16 and of these 20,667 were also linked in the secondary care rheumatology clinical system. In the linked dataset, 900 predictors (out of a total of 43,100 variables) in the primary care record were discovered more frequently in those with versus those without RA. These variables were reduced to 37 groups of related clinical codes, which were used to develop a decision tree model. The final algorithm identified 8 predictors related to diagnostic codes for RA, medication codes, such as those for disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, and absence of alternative diagnoses such as psoriatic arthritis. The proposed data-driven method performed as well as the expert clinical knowledge based methods. Conclusion: Data-driven scheme, such as ensemble machine learning methods, has the potential of identifying the most informative predictors in a cost-effective and rapid way to accurately and reliably classify rheumatoid arthritis or other complex medical conditions in primary care EHRs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2016
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6. The Cost of Ankylosing Spondylitis in the UK Using Linked Routine and Patient-Reported Survey Data.

Author: Cooksey, Roxanne, Husain, Muhammad J., Brophy, Sinead, Davies, Helen, Rahman, Muhammad A., Atkinson, Mark D., Phillips, Ceri J., and Siebert, Stefan
Subjects: ANKYLOSING spondylitis treatment, ARTHRITIS, INFLAMMATION, MEDICAL care, HEALTH surveys, QUESTIONNAIRES
Abstract: Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis which typically begins in early adulthood and impacts on healthcare resource utilisation and the ability to work. Previous studies examining the cost of AS have relied on patient-reported questionnaires based on recall. This study uses a combination of patient-reported and linked-routine data to examine the cost of AS in Wales, UK. Methods: Participants in an existing AS cohort study (n = 570) completed questionnaires regarding work status, out-of-pocket expenses, visits to health professionals and disease severity. Participants gave consent for their data to be linked to routine primary and secondary care clinical datasets. Health resource costs were calculated using a bottom-up micro-costing approach. Human capital costs methods were used to estimate work productivity loss costs, particularly relating to work and early retirement. Regression analyses were used to account for age, gender, disease activity. Results: The total cost of AS in the UK is estimated at £19016 per patient per year, calculated to include GP attendance, administration costs and hospital costs derived from routine data records, plus patient-reported non-NHS costs, out-of-pocket AS-related expenses, early retirement, absenteeism, presenteeism and unpaid assistance costs. The majority of the cost (>80%) was as a result of work-related costs. Conclusion: The major cost of AS is as a result of loss of working hours, early retirement and unpaid carer’s time. Therefore, much of AS costs are hidden and not easy to quantify. Functional impairment is the main factor associated with increased cost of AS. Interventions which keep people in work to retirement age and reduce functional impairment would have the greatest impact on reducing costs of AS. The combination of patient-reported and linked routine data significantly enhanced the health economic analysis and this methodology that can be applied to other chronic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2015
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7. Local Modelling Techniques for Assessing Micro-Level Impacts of Risk Factors in Complex Data: Understanding Health and Socioeconomic Inequalities in Childhood Educational Attainments.

Author: Zhou, Shang-Ming, Lyons, Ronan A., Bodger, Owen G., John, Ann, Brunt, Huw, Jones, Kerina, Gravenor, Mike B., and Brophy, Sinead
Subjects: DATA analysis, PUBLIC health, SOCIOECONOMIC factors, EQUALITY, MEDICAL statistics, HUMAN geography
Abstract: Although inequalities in health and socioeconomic status have an important influence on childhood educational performance, the interactions between these multiple factors relating to variation in educational outcomes at micro-level is unknown, and how to evaluate the many possible interactions of these factors is not well established. This paper aims to examine multi-dimensional deprivation factors and their impact on childhood educational outcomes at micro-level, focusing on geographic areas having widely different disparity patterns, in which each area is characterised by six deprivation domains (Income, Health, Geographical Access to Services, Housing, Physical Environment, and Community Safety). Traditional health statistical studies tend to use one global model to describe the whole population for macro-analysis. In this paper, we combine linked educational and deprivation data across small areas (median population of 1500), then use a local modelling technique, the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy system, to predict area educational outcomes at ages 7 and 11. We define two new metrics, “Micro-impact of Domain” and “Contribution of Domain”, to quantify the variations of local impacts of multidimensional factors on educational outcomes across small areas. The two metrics highlight differing priorities. Our study reveals complex multi-way interactions between the deprivation domains, which could not be provided by traditional health statistical methods based on single global model. We demonstrate that although Income has an expected central role, all domains contribute, and in some areas Health, Environment, Access to Services, Housing and Community Safety each could be the dominant factor. Thus the relative importance of health and socioeconomic factors varies considerably for different areas, depending on the levels of each of the other factors, and therefore each component of deprivation must be considered as part of a wider system. Childhood educational achievement could benefit from policies and intervention strategies that are tailored to the local geographic areas' profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2014
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8. Physical Activity and Excess Weight in Pregnancy Have Independent and Unique Effects on Delivery and Perinatal Outcomes.

Author: Morgan, Kelly L., Rahman, Muhammad A., Hill, Rebecca A., Zhou, Shang-Ming, Bijlsma, Gunnar, Khanom, Ashrafunnesa, Lyons, Ronan A., and Brophy, Sinead T.
Subjects: CHILDREN'S health, PREGNANCY complications, HEALTH outcome assessment, BODY mass index, MATERNAL health services, GESTATIONAL age
Abstract: Background: This study examines the effect of low daily physical activity levels and overweight/obesity in pregnancy on delivery and perinatal outcomes. Methods: A prospective cohort study combining manually collected postnatal notes with anonymised data linkage. A total of 466 women sampled from the Growing Up in Wales: Environments for Healthy Living study. Women completed a questionnaire and were included in the study if they had an available Body mass index (BMI) (collected at 12 weeks gestation from antenatal records) and/or a physical activity score during pregnancy (7-day Actigraph reading). The full statistical model included the following potential confounding factors: maternal age, parity and smoking status. Main outcome measures included induction rates, duration of labour, mode of delivery, infant health and duration of hospital stay. Findings: Mothers with lower physical activity levels were more likely to have an instrumental delivery (including forceps, ventouse and elective and emergency caesarean) in comparison to mothers with higher activity levels (adjusted OR:1.72(95%CI: 1.05 to 2.9)). Overweight/obese mothers were more likely to require an induction (adjusted OR:1.93 (95%CI 1.14 to 3.26), have a macrosomic baby (adjusted OR:1.96 (95%CI 1.08 to 3.56) and a longer hospital stay after delivery (adjusted OR:2.69 (95%CI 1.11 to 6.47). Conclusions: The type of delivery was associated with maternal physical activity level and not BMI. Perinatal outcomes (large for gestational age only) were determined by maternal BMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2014
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9. Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy with Child Weight at Birth, Age 12 Months and 5 Years – A Population-Based Electronic Cohort Study.

Author: Morgan, Kelly, Rahman, Mohammed, Atkinson, Mark, Zhou, Shang-Ming, Hill, Rebecca, Khanom, Ashrafunnesa, Paranjothy, Shantini, and Brophy, Sinead
Subjects: GESTATIONAL diabetes, BIRTH weight, MEDICAL records, PREVENTION of childhood obesity, PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of tobacco, COHORT analysis
Abstract: Background: This study examines the effect of diabetes in pregnancy on offspring weight at birth and ages 1 and 5 years. Methods: A population-based electronic cohort study using routinely collected linked healthcare data. Electronic medical records provided maternal diabetes status and offspring weight at birth and ages 1 and 5 years (n = 147,773 mother child pairs). Logistic regression models were used to obtain odds ratios to describe the association between maternal diabetes status and offspring size, adjusted for maternal pre-pregnancy weight, age and smoking status. Findings: We identified 1,250 (0.9%) pregnancies with existing diabetes (27.8% with type 1 diabetes), 1,358 with gestational diabetes (0.9%) and 635 (0.4%) who developed diabetes post-pregnancy. Children whose mothers had existing diabetes were less likely to be large at 12 months (OR: 0.7 (95%CI: 0.6, 0.8)) than those without diabetes. Maternal diabetes was associated with high weight at age 5 years in children whose mothers had a high pre-pregnancy weight tertile (gestational diabetes, (OR:2.1 (95%CI:1.25–3.6)), existing diabetes (OR:1.3 (95%CI:1.0 to 1.6)). Conclusion: The prevention of childhood obesity should focus on mothers with diabetes with a high maternal pre-pregnancy weight. We found little evidence that diabetes in pregnancy leads to long term obesity ‘programming’. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2013
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10. Parental recommendations for population level interventions to support infant and family dietary choices: a qualitative study from the Growing Up in Wales, Environments for Healthy Living (EHL) study

Author: Khanom, Ashrafunnesa, Hill, Rebecca A, Morgan, Kelly, Rapport, Frances L, Lyons, Ronan A, and Brophy, Sinead
Subjects: Adult, Male, Parents, Schools, Wales, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Feeding Behavior, Environment, Middle Aged, Choice Behavior, Diet, Interviews as Topic, Young Adult, Socioeconomic Factors, Fast Foods, Humans, Female, Food, Organic, Cooking, Prospective Studies, Minority Groups, Qualitative Research, Research Article
Abstract: Background Childhood obesity presents a challenge to public health. This qualitative study explored the main barriers to dietary choices faced by parents with infants, and the types of interventions and policy level recommendations they would like to see put in place, to promote a healthier food environment. Methods 61 semi-structured interviews with prospective parents and parents of infants (61 mothers and 35 fathers) were conducted. Families were selected according to community deprivation levels using the Townsend Deprivation Index to ensure a representative sample from deprived and affluent neighbourhoods. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results Parents identified triggers which led to unhealthy dietary choices such as reliance on fast food outlets due to; shift work, lack of access to personal transport, inability to cook, their own childhood dietary experiences, peer pressure and familial relationships. Parents who made healthy dietary choices reported learning cooking skills while at university, attending community cooking classes, having access to quality food provided by church and community organisations or access to Healthy Start vouchers. They called for a reduction in supermarket promotion of unhealthy food and improved access to affordable and high-quality fresh produce in the local area and in supermarkets. There was a strong message to policy makers to work with commercial companies (food manufactures) as they have resources to lower costs and target messages at a diverse population. Provision of targeted advice to fathers, minority ethnic parents, and tailored and practical advice and information on how to purchase, prepare, store and cook food was requested, along with community cookery classes and improved school cookery lessons. Conclusions There is a need for parent directed community/population level interventions that aims to reduce socio-ecological barriers to making healthy dietary choices. Parents desired improvements in meals provided in workplaces, schools and hospitals, as well as increased access to healthy foods by increasing local healthy food outlets and reducing unhealthy, fast food outlets. Knowledge and skills could then be enhanced in line with these improvements, with confidence gained around cooking and storing food appropriately.
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11. Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight

Author: NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), Iurilli, Maria LC, Zhou, Bin, Bennett, James E, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Sophiea, Marisa K, Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea, Bixby, Honor, Solomon, Bethlehem D, Taddei, Cristina, Danaei, Goodarz, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Stevens, Gretchen A, Riley, Leanne M, Savin, Stefan, Cowan, Melanie J, Bovet, Pascal, Damasceno, Albertino, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Hayes, Alison J, Ikeda, Nayu, Jackson, Rod T, Khang, Young-Ho, Laxmaiah, Avula, Liu, Jing, Miranda, J Jaime, Saidi, Olfa, Sebert, Sylvain, Sorić, Maroje, Starc, Gregor, Gregg, Edward W, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A, Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Ghaffar, Suhaila Abdul, Rahim, Hanan F Abdul, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Garba, Jamila Abubakar, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert J, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Afzal, Shoaib, Agdeppa, Imelda A, Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmed, Soheir H, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Aitmurzaeva, Gulmira, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M, Al-Lahou, Badreya, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Ali, Mohamed M, Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Allin, Kristine, Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N, Amiri, Parisa, Amougou, Norbert, Amouyel, Philippe, Bo Andersen, Lars, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Ängquist, Lars, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araújo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E, Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K, Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K, Assunção, Maria Cecília F, Aung, May Soe, Auvinen, Juha, Avdicová, Mária, Avi, Shina, Azevedo, Ana, Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha V, Jørgensen, Maja Bæksgaard, Baharudin, Azli, Bahijri, Suhad, Baker, Jennifer L, Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, José R, Baran, Joanna, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Barceló, Alberto, Barkat, Amina, Barros, Aluisio JD, Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes, Basit, Abdul, Bastos, Joao Luiz D, Bata, Iqbal, Batieha, Anwar M, Batista, Rosangela L, Battakova, Zhamilya, Batyrbek, Assembekov, Baur, Louise A, Beaglehole, Robert, Bel-Serrat, Silvia, Belavendra, Antonisamy, Romdhane, Habiba Ben, Benedics, Judith, Benet, Mikhail, Bergh, Ingunn Holden, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bettiol, Heloísa, Bezerra, Jorge, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bharadwaj, Sumit, Bhargava, Santosh K, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bi, Hongsheng, Bi, Yufang, Bia, Daniel, Lele, Elysée Claude Bika, Bikbov, Mukharram M, Bista, Bihungum, Bjelica, Dusko J, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bloch, Katia V, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boddy, Lynne M, Boehm, Bernhard O, Boeing, Heiner, Boggia, Jose G, Bogova, Elena, Boissonnet, Carlos P, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bongard, Vanina, Bonilla-Vargas, Alice, Bopp, Matthias, Borghs, Herman, Braeckevelt, Lien, Braeckman, Lutgart, Bragt, Marjolijn CE, Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Breda, João, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M, Brian, Garry R, Brinduse, Lacramioara, Brophy, Sinead, Bruno, Graziella, Bueno-De-Mesquita, H Bas, Bugge, Anna, Buoncristiano, Marta, Burazeri, Genc, Burns, Con, De León, Antonio Cabrera, Cacciottolo, Joseph, Cai, Hui, Cama, Tilema, Cameron, Christine, Camolas, José, Can, Günay, Cândido, Ana Paula C, Cañete, Felicia, Capanzana, Mario V, Capková, Nadežda, Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardol, Marloes, Cardoso, Viviane C, Carlsson, Axel C, Carmuega, Esteban, Carvalho, Joana, Casajús, José A, Casanueva, Felipe F, Celikcan, Ertugrul, Censi, Laura, Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin, Cesar, Juraci A, Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Angelique W, Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Himanshu K, Chaturvedi, Nish, Rahim, Norsyamlina Che Abdul, Li Chee, Miao, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Shuohua, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheraghian, Bahman, Chetrit, Angela, Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chiou, Shu-Ti, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Christensen, Kaare, Christofaro, Diego G, Chudek, Jerzy, Cifkova, Renata, Cilia, Michelle, Cinteza, Eliza, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cohen, Emmanuel, Concin, Hans, Confortin, Susana C, Cooper, Cyrus, Coppinger, Tara C, Corpeleijn, Eva, Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Craig, Cora L, Crampin, Amelia C, Crujeiras, Ana B, Csilla, Semánová, Cucu, Alexandra M, Cui, Liufu, Cureau, Felipe V, Czenczek-Lewandowska, Ewelina, D'Arrigo, Graziella, D'Orsi, Eleonora, Dacica, Liliana, Re Saavedra, María Ángeles Dal, Dallongeville, Jean, Damsgaard, Camilla T, Dankner, Rachel, Dantoft, Thomas M, Dasgupta, Parasmani, Dastgiri, Saeed, Dauchet, Luc, Davletov, Kairat, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, De Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, De Oliveira, Paula Duarte, De Ridder, 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Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, obesity, BMI, Epidemiology and Global Health, underweight, None, 1. No poverty, 3. Good health, Research Article
Abstract: Funder: Wellcome Trust; FundRef: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004440, Funder: Medical Research Council; FundRef: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000265, From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions.

12. Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight

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Dennison, Jeonghee Lee, Diego Salmerón, Ida Maria Schmidt, Gao Pei, Noushin Mohammadifard, Igor Spiroski, Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo, Xu Ma, Elin Pettersen Sørgjerd, Valéria Regecová, Cláudia S. Minderico, Johanna A. Otero, Jamila Abubakar Garba, Vesselka Duleva, Rui Ornelas, Ilpo Huhtaniemi, Cesar G. Victora, Lijuan Liu, Rody G. Sy, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Ali Ahmadi, Antonio Pedro Graça, Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska, Miao Li Chee, Michael Sjöström, Charles Agyemang, Shiqi Zhen, Xiu-Hua Guo, Pawel Kurjata, Jardena J. Puder, Mehrdad Azmin, Neil Murphy, Kaosar Afsana, Alireza Sadjadi, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Prashant Mathur, Elysée Claude Bika Lele, Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias, Yannis Manios, Majid Shirani, Rosemary B. Duda, Liis Nelis, Jurate Klumbiene, Zhengming Chen, Wichai Aekplakorn, Alun Evans, Andrzej Wiecek, Lars Lind, Denise Eldemire-Shearer, Bernardo L. Horta, Macia Enguerran, Seyed Rasoul Zakavi, Daniel Fernández-Bergés, Kumiko Ohara, Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Hermann Brenner, Przemyslaw Slusarczyk, Espen Bjertness, Jutta Stieber, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Joel G. R. Roy, Aryeh D. Stein, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Vera Musil, Amaneh Shayanrad, Marcel Goldberg, Ramon O. Jimenez, Mohammad Reza Fattahi, Jolanda Hyska, Amir Houshang Mehrparvar, Elin Kolle, Mohamed Bamoshmoosh, Michelle Holdsworth, Felipe F. Casanueva, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Niels Wedderkopp, Eva Corpeleijn, Elias F. Gudmundsson, Antonio Mistretta, Daniel Lemogoum, Larissa Pruner Marques, Slavica Sović, Olli T. Raitakari, Marco Aurélio Peres, Alexandra Cucu, Gregorio Varela-Moreiras, Janine Clarke, Andrea Gazzinelli, Mieczysław Litwin, Sara Schramm, Xenophon Theodoridis, Harshpal Singh Sachdev, Mohammad Reza Mirjalili, Dimitrios Papandreou, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Benjamin Acosta-Cazares, Ben Schöttker, Prabhdeep Kaur, Norlaila Mustafa, Shariq Rashid Masoodi, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Adolfo Rubinstein, Francis Delpeuch, Julianne Williams, Abbas Dehghan, Leanne M. Riley, Heloisa Bettiol, Gabriele Nagel, Ellisiv B. Mathiesen, Ekaterina Stoyanova, Alisha N. Wade, Zhamyila Usupova, Arnaud Chiolero, Oonagh Markey, Jacqueline Ramke, Elena Bogova, Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh, Nguyen D Nguyen, Tomasz Zdrojewski, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Jose Sanchez-Abanto, Rômulo Araújo Fernandes, Lourdes Ribas-Barba, Nalan Uysal, Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad, Krista Fischer, Maria Wany Louzada Strufaldi, Ramiro Guerrero, Farnam Mohebi, Tran Quoc Bao, Flávio Danni Fuchs, Salim Berkinbayev, Enisa Kujundzic, Sari Voutilainen, Farzad Hadaegh, Robert Lundqvist, Saeid Safiri, Iraj Mohebbi, George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho, Annette Peters, Gonzalo Valdivia, Magdalena Korzycka, Rajiv T Erasmus, Masanori Iwasaki, Charmaine A. Duante, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Quang Ngoc La, Ricky Eddie, Petra Rust, Daniela Rodrigues, Dirk De Bacquer, Karen Sparrenberger, Agneta Sjöberg, Thet Thet Mu, Katarzyna Dereń, Cora L. Craig, Jorge Motta, Janina Petkeviciene, Boyd Swinburn, Paibul Suriyawongpaisal, Visnja Djordjic, Ramón Alberto Rascón-Pacheco, Pradeep Joshi, Daan Kromhout, Marius B. Bjertness, Stefano Marventano, Juel Jarani, Alireza Khosravi, Eva Martos, David De Ridder, Lizzy M. Brewster, Nico Dragano, Liam Smeeth, Kenji Shibuya, Emma Ruiz Moreno, Hashem Jaddou, Grzegorz Sobek, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Marvin Cervantes-Loaiza, Abu Am Hanif, Elaine M. Murtagh, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Graziella D'Arrigo, Kyungwon Oh, Heiner Boeing, Regina Heidinger-Felso, André Luiz Sena Guimarães, Balkish M. Naidu, Avula Laxmaiah, Ana M. B. Menezes, Marie Eliasen, Francesco Pistelli, Yuan He, Dusko Bjelica, José A. Casajús, Guang Ning, Lutgart Braeckman, Dirk Vanderschueren, Jochanan Stessman, Ivana Radic, Yi Zeng, Hans Concin, Damaskini Valvi, Sari Hantunen, Catherine Kyobutungi, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Wenhua Zhao, Sok King Ong, Anne W. Taylor, Iraj Nabipour, Justyna Godos, Cyrus Cooper, Mattias Johansson, Samuel C. Dumith, Magdalena Muc, Sabine Schipf, Idowu O Senbanjo, Jim Mann, Rajaa Al-Raddadi, Yih Chung Tham, Kay-Tee Khaw, Joseph Cacciottolo, Ana Henriques, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Reza Mohammadpourhodki, Bernhard O. Boehm, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Iveta Pudule, Elisabete Ramos, Lacramioara Aurelia Brinduse, Paul H. Lee, Terence W O'Neill, Javad Aghazadeh-Attari, Margus Punab, Bojan Jelaković, Camilla T. Damsgaard, Takafumi Ishida, Ekaterina Chikova-Iscener, Mirjam M. Heinen, Tazeen H. Jafar, Semánová Csilla, Constance Schultsz, Santiago F. Gomez, Raija Korpelainen, Edward W. Gregg, Laura Gutierrez, Pierre Traissac, Victor M. Herrera, Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues, Fatemeh Malekzadeh, Shouling Wu, Jennifer L. Baker, Clicerio González-Villalpando, Eleonora d'Orsi, Irene G. M. van Valkengoed, Anna Fijałkowska, Wen-Harn Pan, Gregor Starc, Meghnath Dhimal, Murat Topbaş, George Moschonis, Robert Eggertsen, Abdullah Alkandari, Quang Ngoc Nguyen, Janette Walton, Elnaz Faramarzi, Saeed Dastgiri, Lien Braeckevelt, Nasheeta Peer, Radka Taxová Braunerová, Mohamed M. Ali, Steiner Krokstad, Harald Geiger, Morteza Shamshirgaran, Lela Shengelia, María Ángeles Dal Re Saavedra, Silvana Donoso, Khem Bahadur Karki, Timothy J. Key, Maria G. Grammatikopoulou, Susana Vale, Felix K. Assah, Juan A Rivera, Peter H. Whincup, Oana-Florentina Gheorghe-Fronea, Cassiano Ricardo Rech, Paul Ferdinand M. Reganit, Rachakulla Hari Kumar, Jaakko Mursu, Luis A. Moreno, Glen Gironella, Jelena Kos, Tilema Cama, Haakon E. Meyer, Jun Ma, Raphael E. Arku, Ziad Abdeen, Dianna J. Magliano, Jitendra Jonnagaddala, Konstantinos Gkiouras, Paola Nardone, Alberto Barceló, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen, Francesco Gianfagna, Stefania Maggi, Mohammad Hossein Somi, Behrooz Hamzeh, Miquel Porta, Vesna Jureša, Alexander D. Deev, David Faeh, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Ian Hambleton, Stefan Savin, Andre Pascal Kengne, R. Krishna Kumar, Kurt Widhalm, Marco M Ferrario, Parisa Amiri, Anjani Kumar Jha, Thamara Hubler Figueiró, Jana Kratenova, Claudia M. Hormiga, Maria Tsigga, Zivka Dika, Indrapal I. Meshram, Ei Ei K. Nang, Ian Rouse, Rusidah Selamat, Paul Korrovits, Grethe S. Tell, Julie Taylor, Anabela Mota-Pinto, Paolo Vineis, Kotsedi D Monyeki, Khuong Quynh Long, Frank J Rühli, Shelly R. McFarlane, Sara Santos Sanz, Edyta Łuszczki, Maria G. Stathopoulou, Tara Coppinger, Karin De Ridder, Lucie Viet, Anna Bugge, Mehdi Yaseri, Safiah Md Yusof, Sandra C. Fuchs, Muhammad Islam, Irfan Nuhoglu, Rui Providência, Bernard Maire, Leandra Abarca-Gómez, Sinead Brophy, Maria Ruiz-Castell, Daniela Pierannunzio, Cristina Taddei, Gowri Mahasampath, Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez, Hanna Tolonen, Sudhir Kowlessur, Bagher Larijani, Laura Torres-Collado, Susi Kriemler, Ali Akbar Shayesteh, Cynthia Robitaille, Jorge Escobedo-de la Peña, Yufang Bi, Chinh Nguyen Huu, Line Tang Møllehave, Vincent Jr DeGennaro, Noor Ani Ahmad, Anar Dushpanova, Agustinus Soemantri, Susana Sans, Ionela Pascanu, Gwenaëlle Le Coroller, Inger Ariansen, Kodanda R Kanala, Gert B. M. Mensink, Abhijit Sen, Sergej M. Ostojic, Hanan F. Abdul Rahim, Hélène Delisle, Francisco J. Félix-Redondo, Yadlapalli S. Kusuma, Michael Knoflach, Moein Yoosefi, Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte, Wolfgang Ahrens, Osvaldo Santos, Bethlehem D. Solomon, Erik Lykke Mortensen, Nikhil D. Patel, Reynaldo Martorell, Ching-Yu Cheng, Stine Schramm, Hana Shimizu-Furusawa, Jacek Jóźwiak, Radwan Qasrawi, Herman Borghs, Zhanna Kalmatayeva, Heidi Klakk, Akram Pourshams, Naomi S. Levitt, Son Thai Pham, Simona Giampaoli, Dong Zhao, Indah Suci Widyahening, Merete Osler, Paula Margozzini, Silvia Bel-Serrat, Dora Romaguera, Monira Alarouj, Winsome R. Parnell, Marloes Cardol, Giota Touloumi, Janice Luisa Lukrafka, Adela Chirita-Emandi, Maryam Kavousi, Sanja Musić Milanović, Jean-Michel Gaspoz, Jalila El Ati, Sauli Herrala, Liang Xu, Pilar Guallar-Castillón, Bee Koon Poh, Luis Serra-Majem, Jonathan E. Shaw, Belong Cho, Daphne Mirkopoulou, Salvador Villalpando, Yuki Fujita, Tiffany K. Gill, Nish Chaturvedi, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Günay Can, Mark Woodward, Esther Lopez-Garcia, Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros, Ahmed A. Madar, Shoaib Afzal, Melanie J. Cowan, Gareth Stratton, Eduardo Salazar Martinez, Sameer Narake, Norie Sawada, Deepak Amarapurkar, Deepa Weerasekera, Diana A. 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Boddy, Jie Hao, David Alejandro González-Chica, Romana Roccaldo, Sara Magnacca, Peter Stehle, Victoria Farrugia Sant'Angelo, Gry Skodje, Maryam Keramati, Tabara Yasuharu, Ali Ghanbari, Gyulli M. Kazakbaeva, Takuro Furusawa, Felicia Cañete, Kari Kuulasmaa, Justina Vaitkeviciute, (NCD-RisC), NCD Risk Factor Collaboration, Imperial College London, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Middlesex University [London], Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Wellcome TrustEuropean Commission, Clinical Developmental Psychology, APH - Mental Health, Sociology, The Social Context of Aging (SoCA), Nutrition and Health, Iurilli, Maria LC [0000-0003-0409-1635], Zhou, Bin [0000-0002-1741-8628], Ezzati, Majid [0000-0002-2109-8081], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Epidemiology and Data Science, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Societal Participation & Health, Public and occupational health, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, VU University medical center, APH 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Basel, University of New South Wales, World Health Organization Country Office, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Gulu University, University of Crete, Sri Venkateswara University, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Hellenic Medical Association for Obesity, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Aarhus University, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, National Institute of Epidemiology, University of Münster, Israel Center for Disease Control, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non- communicable Disease, Amsterdam UMC Public Health Research Institute, South African Medical Research Council, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Hypertension 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Ltd, Orebro University, University of London, Universitas Indonesia, Institute of Food and Nutrition Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, University of Cyprus, Niigata University, International Medical University, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Care, Peking University First Hospital, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Sun Yat-sen University, West Kazakhstan Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, University of Ghana, Maria Lc Iurilli , Bin Zhou , James E Bennett , Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco , Marisa K Sophiea , Andrea Rodriguez-Martinez , Honor Bixby , Bethlehem D Solomon , Cristina Taddei , Goodarz Danaei , Mariachiara Di Cesare , Gretchen A Stevens , Leanne M Riley , Stefan Savin , Melanie J Cowan , Pascal Bovet , Albertino Damasceno , Adela Chirita-Emandi , Alison J Hayes , Nayu Ikeda , Rod T Jackson , Young-Ho Khang , Avula Laxmaiah , Jing 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, Jaakko Mursu , Elaine M Murtagh , Kamarul Imran Musa , Sanja Music Milanovic , Vera Musil , Norlaila Mustafa , Iraj Nabipour , Shohreh Naderimagham , Gabriele Nagel , Balkish M Naidu , Farid Najafi , Harunobu Nakamura , Jana Námešná , Ei Ei K Nang , Vinay B Nangia , Martin Nankap , Sameer Narake , Paola Nardone , Matthias Nauck , William A Neal , Azim Nejatizadeh , Chandini Nekkantti , Keiu Nelis , Liis Nelis , Ilona Nenko , Martin Neovius , Flavio Nervi , Chung T Nguyen , Nguyen D Nguyen , Quang Ngoc Nguyen , Ramfis E Nieto-Martínez , Yury P Nikitin , Guang Ning , Toshiharu Ninomiya , Sania Nishtar , Marianna Noale , Oscar A Noboa , Helena Nogueira , Teresa Norat , Maria Nordendahl , Børge G Nordestgaard , Davide Noto , Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska , Mohannad Al Nsour , Irfan Nuhoglu , Eha Nurk , Terence W O'Neill , Dermot O'Reilly , Galina Obreja , Caleb Ochimana , Angélica M Ochoa-Avilés , Eiji Oda , Kyungwon Oh , Kumiko Ohara , Claes Ohlsson , Ryutaro Ohtsuka , Örn Olafsson , Maria 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, Cassiano Ricardo Rech , Josep Redon , Paul Ferdinand M Reganit , Valéria Regecová , Luis Revilla , Abbas Rezaianzadeh , Lourdes Ribas-Barba , Robespierre Ribeiro , Elio Riboli , Adrian Richter , Fernando Rigo , Natascia Rinaldo , Tobias F Rinke de Wit , Ana Rito , Raphael M Ritti-Dias , Juan A Rivera , Cynthia Robitaille , Romana Roccaldo , Daniela Rodrigues , Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo , María Del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez , Laura A Rodríguez-Villamizar , Ulla Roggenbuck , Rosalba Rojas-Martinez , Nipa Rojroongwasinkul , Dora Romaguera , Elisabetta L Romeo , Rafaela V Rosario , Annika Rosengren , Ian Rouse , Joel Gr Roy , Adolfo Rubinstein , Frank J Rühli , Jean-Bernard Ruidavets , Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt , Maria Ruiz-Castell , Emma Ruiz Moreno , Iuliia A Rusakova , Kenisha Russell Jonsson , Paola Russo , Petra Rust , Marcin Rutkowski , Charumathi Sabanayagam , Elena Sacchini , Harshpal S Sachdev , Alireza Sadjadi , Ali Reza Safarpour , Saeid Safiri , Nader Saki , Benoit 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Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M, Keil, Ulrich, Boker, Lital Keinan, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kelishadi, Roya, Kelleher, Cecily, Kemper, Han CG, Kengne, Andre P, Keramati, Maryam, Kerimkulova, Alina, Kersting, Mathilde, Key, Timothy, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalili, Davood, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kheiri, Bahareh, Kheradmand, Motahareh, Khosravi, Alireza, Khouw, Ilse MSL, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Stefan, Killewo, Japhet, Kim, Dong Wook, Kim, Hyeon Chang, Kim, Jeongseon, Kindblom, Jenny M, Klakk, Heidi, Klimek, Magdalena, Klimont, Jeannette, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Koirala, Bhawesh, Kolle, Elin, Kolsteren, Patrick, König, Jürgen, Korpelainen, Raija, Korrovits, Paul, Korzycka, Magdalena, Kos, Jelena, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kovacs, Viktoria A, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Koziel, Slawomir, Kratenova, Jana, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Kriemler, Susi, Kristensen, Peter Lund, Krokstad, Steiner, Kromhout, Daan, Kruger, Herculina S, Kubinova, Ruzena, Kuciene, Renata, Kujala, Urho M, 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Cynthia, Roccaldo, Romana, Rodrigues, Daniela, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, María, Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura A, Roggenbuck, Ulla, Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Rojroongwasinkul, Nipa, Romaguera, Dora, Romeo, Elisabetta L, Rosario, Rafaela V, Rosengren, Annika, Rouse, Ian, Roy, Joel GR, Rubinstein, Adolfo, Rühli, Frank J, Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard, Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Sandra, Ruiz-Castell, Maria, Moreno, Emma Ruiz, Rusakova, Iuliia A, Jonsson, Kenisha Russell, Russo, Paola, Rust, Petra, Rutkowski, Marcin, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Sacchini, Elena, Sachdev, Harshpal S, Sadjadi, Alireza, Safarpour, Ali Reza, Safiri, Saeid, Saki, Nader, Salanave, Benoit, Martinez, Eduardo Salazar, Salmerón, Diego, Salomaa, Veikko, Salonen, Jukka T, Salvetti, Massimo, Samoutian, Margarita, Sánchez-Abanto, Jose, Sandjaja, null, Sans, Susana, Marina, Loreto Santa, Santos, Diana A, Santos, Ina S, Santos, Lèlita C, Santos, Maria Paula, Santos, Osvaldo, Santos, Rute, Sanz, Sara Santo, 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Siantar, Rosalynn, Sibai, Abla M, Silva, Antonio M, Silva, Diego Augusto Santo, Simon, Mary, Simons, Judith, Simons, Leon A, Sjöberg, Agneta, Sjöström, Michael, Skodje, Gry, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw, Smeeth, Liam, So, Hung-Kwan, Soares, Fernanda Cunha, Sobek, Grzegorz, Sobngwi, Eugène, Sodemann, Morten, Söderberg, Stefan, Soekatri, Moesijanti YE, Soemantri, Agustinu, Sofat, Reecha, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Somi, Mohammad Hossein, Sonestedt, Emily, Song, Yi, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, Sørgjerd, Elin P, Jérome, Charles Sossa, Soto-Rojas, Victoria E, Soumaré, Aïcha, Sovic, Slavica, Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente, Sparrenberger, Karen, Spinelli, Angela, Spiroski, Igor, Staessen, Jan A, Stamm, Hanspeter, Stathopoulou, Maria G, Staub, Kaspar, Stavreski, Bill, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stein, Aryeh D, Stergiou, George S, Stessman, Jochanan, Stevanovic, Ranko, Stieber, Jutta, Stöckl, Dori, Stocks, Tanja, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Stoyanova, Ekaterina, Stratton, Gareth, Stronks, Karien, Strufaldi, Maria Wany, Sturua, Lela, Suárez-Medina, Ramón, Suka, Machi, Sun, Chien-An, Sundström, Johan, Sung, Yn-Tz, Sunyer, Jordi, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Swinburn, Boyd A, Sy, Rody G, Syddall, Holly E, Sylva, René Charle, Szklo, Moyse, Szponar, Lucjan, Tai, E Shyong, Tammesoo, Mari-Lii, Tamosiunas, Abdona, Tan, Eng Joo, Tang, Xun, Tanrygulyyeva, Maya, Tanser, Frank, Tao, Yong, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Tarp, Jakob, Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B, Braunerová, Radka Taxová, Taylor, Anne, Taylor, Julie, Tchibindat, Félicité, Tebar, William R, Tell, Grethe S, Tello, Tania, Tham, Yih Chung, Thankappan, KR, Theobald, Holger, Theodoridis, Xenophon, Thijs, Lutgarde, Thomas, Nihal, Thuesen, Betina H, Tichá, Lubica, Timmermans, Erik J, Tjonneland, Anne, Tolonen, Hanna K, Tolstrup, Janne S, Topbas, Murat, Topór-Madry, Roman, Torheim, Liv Elin, Tormo, María José, Tornaritis, Michael J, Torrent, Matie, Torres-Collado, Laura, Toselli, Stefania, Touloumi, Giota, Traissac, Pierre, Tran, Thi Tuyet-Hanh, Trichopoulos, Dimitrio, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Trinh, Oanh TH, Trivedi, Atul, Tshepo, Lechaba, Tsigga, Maria, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuliakova, Azaliia M, Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K, Tullu, Fikru, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Turley, Maria L, Twig, Gilad, Tynelius, Per, Tzotzas, Themistokli, Tzourio, Christophe, Ueda, Peter, Ugel, Eunice, Ukoli, Flora AM, Ulmer, Hanno, Unal, Belgin, Usupova, Zhamyila, Uusitalo, Hannu MT, Uysal, Nalan, Vaitkeviciute, Justina, Valdivia, Gonzalo, Vale, Susana, Valvi, Damaskini, van Dam, Rob M, Van der Heyden, Johan, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Van Herck, Koen, Van Minh, Hoang, Van Schoor, Natasja M, van Valkengoed, Irene GM, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Varbo, Anette, Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio, Varona-Pérez, Patricia, Vasan, Senthil K, Vega, Toma, Veidebaum, Tooma, Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Velika, Biruta, Veronesi, Giovanni, Verschuren, WM Monique, Victora, Cesar G, Viegi, Giovanni, Viet, Lucie, Villalpando, Salvador, Vineis, Paolo, Vioque, Jesu, Virtanen, Jyrki K, Visser, Marjolein, Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Viswanathan, Bharathi, Vladulescu, Mihaela, Vlasoff, Tiina, Vocanec, Dorja, Vollenweider, Peter, Völzke, Henry, Voutilainen, Ari, Voutilainen, Sari, Vrijheid, Martine, Vrijkotte, Tanja GM, Wade, Alisha N, Wagner, Aline, Waldhör, Thoma, Walton, Janette, Wambiya, Elvis OA, Bebakar, Wan Mohamad Wan, Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan, de Souza Wanderley Júnior, Rildo, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Qian, Wang, Xiangjun, Wang, Ya Xing, Wang, Ying-Wei, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wareham, Nichola, Weber, Adelheid, Wedderkopp, Niel, Weerasekera, Deepa, Weghuber, Daniel, Wei, Wenbin, Weres, Aneta, Werner, Bo, Whincup, Peter H, Widhalm, Kurt, Widyahening, Indah S, Wiecek, Andrzej, Wilks, Rainford J, Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Williams, Julianne, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong-McClure, Roy A, Wong, Andrew, Wong, Jyh Eiin, Wong, Tien Yin, Woo, Jean, Woodward, Mark, Wu, Frederick C, Wu, Jianfeng, Wu, Li Juan, Wu, Shouling, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yaacob, Nor Azwany, Yamborisut, Uruwan, Yan, Weili, Yang, Ling, Yang, Xiaoguang, Yang, Yang, Yardim, Nazan, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yasuharu, Tabara, Ye, Xingwang, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K, Yoosefi, Moein, Yoshihara, Akihiro, You, Qi Sheng, You, San-Lin, Younger-Coleman, Novie O, Md Yusof, Safiah, Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi, Zaccagni, Luciana, Zafiropulos, Vassili, Zainuddin, Ahmad A, Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zamani, Farhad, Zambon, Sabina, Zampelas, Antoni, Zamrazilová, Hana, Zapata, Maria Elisa, Zargar, Abdul Hamid, Ko Zaw, Ko, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Zejglicova, Kristyna, Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic, Zeng, Yi, Zhang, Luxia, Zhang, Zhen-Yu, Zhao, Dong, Zhao, Ming-Hui, Zhao, Wenhua, Zhen, Shiqi, Zheng, Wei, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zhou, Maigeng, Zhu, Dan, Zins, Marie, Zitt, Emanuel, Zocalo, Yanina, Cisneros, Julio Zuñiga, Zuziak, Monika, Ezzati, Majid, Filippi, Sarah, Cohortes épidémiologiques en population (CONSTANCES), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: Population -- Health aspects, Leanness, Baixo peso/Underweight, none, Double burden, alipainoisuus, tulotaso, global health, systematic analysis, Sedentary behaviors, RC1200, Prospective associations, 0302 clinical medicine, underweight, nälänhätä, Biology (General), skin and connective tissue diseases, Children, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Body mass index, Human Nutrition & Health, education.field_of_study, Humane Voeding & Gezondheid, ylipaino, General Medicine, kansainvälinen vertailu, 3. Good health, World health, Medicine, A100 Pre-clinical Medicine, Population distribution, medicine.medical_specialty, QH301-705.5, Science, Socio-culturale, Nursing, Social sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Thinness, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, BMI, epidemiology, obesity, None, Humans, Obesidade/Obesity, SDG 2 - Zero Hunger, education, VLAG, US adults, Omvårdnad, body mass index, malnutrition, obesity, underweight, nutritional and metabolic diseases, medicine.disease, terveellisyys, Obesity, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Risk Factors, General Biochemistry, WIAS, lihavuus, RA, Demography, N.A, double burden, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, alueelliset erot, Nutrition and Disease, Animal Nutrition, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medizin, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Change distribution of body mass index, RA0421, Voeding en Ziekte, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, Global health, Índice de massa corporal/Body Mass Index, 030212 general & internal medicine, Underweight, painoindeksi, 2. Zero hunger, General Neuroscience, aliravitsemus, elintarvikkeet, health, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Diervoeding, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.03 [https], Chinese adults, pooled analysis, medicine.symptom, Diet quality, B120 Physiology, Research Article, trends, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.03 [https], prevalence, Population, Mothers, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 3121 Internal medicine, medicine, Life Science, ddc:610, 3125 Otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, kehonkoostumus, Nutrition, Australian adults, General Immunology and Microbiology, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.04 [https], Ciências sociais, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Malnutrition, Epidemiology and Global Health, sense organs, Estilos de Vida e Impacto na Saúde
Abstract: From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions., Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council, peer-reviewed
Published: 2021

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12 results on '"Brophy, Sinead"'

1. Development of an algorithm for determining smoking status and behaviour over the life course from UK electronic primary care records

2. Mild-to-moderate renal pelvis dilatation identified during pregnancy and hospital admissions in childhood: An electronic birth cohort study in Wales, UK.

3. Curriculum-based outdoor learning for children aged 9-11: A qualitative analysis of pupils’ and teachers’ views.

4. Algorithms for the Capture and Adjudication of Prevalent and Incident Diabetes in UK Biobank.

5. Defining Disease Phenotypes in Primary Care Electronic Health Records by a Machine Learning Approach: A Case Study in Identifying Rheumatoid Arthritis.

6. The Cost of Ankylosing Spondylitis in the UK Using Linked Routine and Patient-Reported Survey Data.

7. Local Modelling Techniques for Assessing Micro-Level Impacts of Risk Factors in Complex Data: Understanding Health and Socioeconomic Inequalities in Childhood Educational Attainments.

8. Physical Activity and Excess Weight in Pregnancy Have Independent and Unique Effects on Delivery and Perinatal Outcomes.

9. Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy with Child Weight at Birth, Age 12 Months and 5 Years – A Population-Based Electronic Cohort Study.

10. Parental recommendations for population level interventions to support infant and family dietary choices: a qualitative study from the Growing Up in Wales, Environments for Healthy Living (EHL) study

11. Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight

12. Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight

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12 results on '"Brophy, Sinead"'

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