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Peer victimization during adolescence has a detrimental impact on the mental health of victims throughout their lives. However, it remains unclear whether these effects are gender-specific. The present study conducted a systematic review to examine the effects of peer victimization on depression status, explore potential sources of heterogeneity, and investigate gender differences in these effects. We systematically searched four electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and CNKI) for relevant articles that published as far as July 2022. We then extracted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the association between peer victimization during adolescence and depression, and potential gender differences in the relation. Meta-analysis was performed, using fixed effects models and random effects models, to evaluate the association between each exposure and the outcome. A meta-analysis of 27 studies revealed that peer victimization during adolescence was significantly associated with higher risks of depression (OR = 2.79, 95% CI [2.43, 3.21], p <.001). This finding was consistent across subgroup analyses. In particular, the effect of peer victimization during adolescence on depression was found to be more pronounced in studies conducted in Asia (OR = 3.06, 95% CI [2.38, 3.92], p <.001). Furthermore, five studies focused on gender differences demonstrated that peer victimization has a stronger association with the risk of depression in women (OR = 2.84, 95% CI [2.49, 3.26], p <.001). Peer victimization during adolescence is a significant risk factor for depression, with a greater impact on women and individuals residing in Asia. Further prospective studies are needed to investigate the relationship between peer victimization and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to explore the latent profiles of peer attachment and parent-child relationships and longitudinal transition patterns for within-person and within-sample profiles among a cohort of high school students. A cohort of 453 participants from China completed the above-mentioned measures with a six-month interval from grade 10 to 11. This study included 64.0% girls and 36.0% boys. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to explore the distinct profiles reflecting different response patterns for peer attachment and parent-child relationships at each time point. Latent transition analysis (LTA) was adopted to examine the membership of distinct latent profiles and how individuals move between profiles over time. Three latent profiles were identified with poor, moderate and good peer attachment and parent-child relationships. The stability of the same profile ranged from 0.601 to 0.803. The lowest transition probability was found between the poor and good profiles, whereas a higher transition probability from the poor and good profiles to the moderate profile was demonstrated. Patterns of peer attachment and parent-child relationships were associated with depression, anxiety, and Internet addiction (IA). This study advanced the knowledge of the heterogeneity and variation in peer attachment and parent-child relationships by a person-centered approach in a longitudinal study. The findings of the study direct selective interventions to populations with poor attachment and parent-peer relationships, and transitions from good to poor attachment direction across latent profiles of attachment and parent-peer relationships. Establishing secure attachment with peers and having good parent-child relationships may contribute to good adolescents' mental health and protect them from excessive Internet use. Highlights: There were three distinct profiles of peer attachment and parent-child relationships in a cohort of high school students. These identified profiles were transient between two measurement waves. Profiles of peer attachment and parent-child relationships were associated with depression, anxiety, and Internet addiction (IA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of parent–child separation during infancy and early childhood on depression, social relationships including parent–child and peer relationships, and academic performance during adolescence and early adulthood. Methods: Data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) were analyzed, which included a sample of 3829 children aged 4–15 years from 25 provinces over a period of 8 years. The study examined the association between early parent–child separation and outcomes related to depression, social and academic performance, comparing outcomes between individuals with and without early separation experiences. A series of subgroup analyses were conducted to further explore these associations. Results: Parent–child separation lasting 3 months or longer was found to be associated with moderate to severe levels of depression and impaired social relationships during adolescence and early adulthood, particularly among males, adolescents, urban dwellers, and those with less educated mothers. Children who experienced parent–child separation for 3 months or longer showed a positive correlation between separation duration and depression. Short-term separations under 3 months did not show this association. The duration of separation also had a negative correlation with parent–child and peer relationships, as well as academic performance. Conclusion: Early parent–child separation has significant adverse effects on the mental health, social and academic performance of adolescents and early adulthood, especially among males, adolescents, urban residents, and those with lower maternal education. The severity of depression was found to be related to the duration of separation, highlighting the importance of minimizing separation to less than 3 months for children under the age of 3. These findings underscore the critical role of early parental care and the need for targeted interventions for high-risk populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between burnout and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among frontline nurses who went to assist the epidemic situation in Wuhan, China, during the outbreak in 2020. The study also explored the mediating role of depression and the moderating role of age in the main relationship. Background: The relationship between burnout and PTSD in nurse has rarely been investigated in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Understand the relationship between these variables can provide empirical evidence for developing interventions and protocols that improve the health of nurses in future public health emergencies. Design: An online cross‐sectional survey of targeted local 327 nurses who went to assist the COVID‐19 epidemic situation in Wuhan during the initial outbreak. Methods: This study was conducted in August 2020, the burnout scale, the PTSD scale and the depression scale were used to survey participants. The moderated mediation model was used to test research hypotheses. Results: Burnout could affect the PTSD symptoms in nursing staffs and depression could mediate this relationship. Age moderated the relationship between burnout/depression and PTSD, and the effects was strong and significant among younger participants in the relationship between burnout and PTSD. Conclusions: Burnout was identified as a core risk factor of PTSD in nurses. Depression and age played significant roles in the relationship between burnout and PTSD. Relevance to Clinical Practice: PTSD, as a symptom that manifests after experiencing a stressful event, should be a key concern among frontline healthcare professionals. This study suggests that PTSD in nurses can be further reduced by reducing burnout. Attention should also be paid to the PTSD status of nurses of different age groups. Patient or Public Contribution: Patients and the public were not involved in the design and implementation of this study. Frontline nurses completed an online questionnaire for this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have reported high rates of poor mental health among nursing students, but few studies focused on the internal pathway of mental health. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a vocational medical school and investigated 384 nursing students. Symptom Check List-90, Index of Well-Being Scale and Cynical Attitudes Toward College Scale were used to test mental health, subjective well-being (SWB) and cynicism of nursing students, respectively. Academic cynicism, social cynicism and institutional cynicism were negatively related to mental health. SWB not only directly had positive effect on mental health, but had an indirect effect on mental health through academic cynicism, social cynicism and institutional cynicism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the association between life satisfaction and depression among patients with cardiovascular diseases and whether this association is mediated by self-esteem. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a third-grade hospital. We examined 300 patients with cardiovascular diseases with a mean age of 62.00 years (females, 133). Life satisfaction was associated with depression. Adding self-esteem to the model weakened the strength of the association between the two. Moreover, 34.2% of the effect of life satisfaction on depression could be explained by self-esteem. We found that self-esteem could totally explain the effect of life satisfaction on depression among patients with cardiovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of fear of missing out (FoMO) in addictive behaviors has recently attracted growing attention. In view of negative effects of gaming disorder (GD) among adolescents and emerging adults, research examining the relationship between FoMO and GD is needed, alongside the roles of impulsivity and gender in the relationship between FoMO and GD. This study examined whether impulsivity as a mediator and gender as a moderator impacted on the relationship between FoMO and GD among a sample of Chinese university students. A sample of 1,288 Chinese university students from three universities completed an online survey through the Wenjuanxing platform. The Chinese Trait-State Fear of Missing Out Scale, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-Brief, and the Chinese Gaming Disorder Scale were used in this study. The model results indicated that impulsivity partially mediated the relationship between FoMO and GD, and that there was a larger effect size between impulsivity and GD among males. High levels of FoMO among individuals may impact on executive functions leading to more impulsivity, and are associated with GD. Gender may moderate the relationship between impulsivity and GD. This study deepens the understanding of the relationship between FoMO and GD, and provides new perspectives for practitioners to incorporate into health prevention programs to help regulate emotion, control impulsivity, and decrease GD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to determine the mediating effects of depression and anxiety on the association between life satisfaction and quality of life. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D) to measure depression, anxiety, and quality of life, respectively. A single question was used to measure the life satisfaction of participants. Life satisfaction was significantly related with depression (r = −0.17), anxiety (r = −0.18), and quality of life (r = 0.19). Depression and anxiety were also related to quality of life. Depression and anxiety had full mediating effects (β = −0.274; β = −0.208) on the association between life satisfaction and quality of life. For those with poor life satisfaction, people were more likely to have high level of depression and anxiety, which in turn experienced poor quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research into the fear of missing out (FoMO) has greatly increased in recent years. Given the negative consequences of gaming disorder (GD) among a small minority of individuals, there is an increasing need for research examining the impact of FoMO on GD. However, little is known about the roles of impulsivity and gaming time as mediators in the relationship between FoMO and GD. The present study examined whether impulsivity and gaming time mediated the relationship between FoMO (trait-FoMO and state-FoMO) and GD among Chinese university students, as well as the prevalence of GD. A total of 1127 university students completed an online survey including the Chinese Trait-State Fear of Missing Out Scale (T-SFoMOS-C), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-Brief (BIS-Brief), gaming time survey, and the Chinese Gaming Disorder Scale (CGDS). The prevalence of GD was 6.4% among Chinese university students. Trait-FoMO was found to indirectly impact GD via impulsivity and gamine time, whereas the direct effect of trait-FoMO on GD and the mediation effects of gaming time were not confirmed. State-FoMO impacted on GD both directly, and indirectly via the mediation effects of impulsivity as well as impulsivity and gaming time. Trait-FoMO on GD was fully mediated via impulsivity and gaming time, whereas state-FoMO on GD was partly mediated via impulsivity and gaming time. Individuals with high levels of FoMO were more likely to show impulsivity and spend a longer time gaming, and these factors were associated with GD. These findings provide insights to incorporate into health prevention programs to help regulate emotion, control impulsivity, and decrease GD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To explore the mediating effect of school interest and maladaptive cognitions in the relationship between stress and Internet addiction. Design and Methods: A total of 2271 high school students were recruited from a Chinese high school. Serial mediation model was used. Results: School interest and maladaptive cognitions had 0.03 and 0.13 indirect effects in the association between stress and Internet addiction, and accounting for 7.9% and 34.2% of the total effect, respectively. The serial indirect effect of school interest and maladaptive cognition was 0.05, accounting for 13.2% of the total effect. Practice Implications: The present study highlights the need of reducing stress and increasing school interest among high school students to prevent and intervene the occurrence of Internet addiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Nurses are suffering from increasing stress, and nursing is recognized as one of the most stressful job. Their mental health problems are serious and worthy of attention. Aim The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between resilience and mental health and general well-being among nurses. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2014, using a self-reported questionnaire. Participants were asked to complete the measure of resilience, mental health, and general well-being. The method of randomly cluster sampling was used to select nurses as participants. A survey of 365 nurses was conducted to test the hypothesized model. Results This study showed that resilience, mental health, and general well-being correlated with each other. General well-being was an effective predictor of resilience and mental health, whereas it both can moderate and mediate the relationship. Conclusions Strategies to increase nurses' general well-being could enhance their resilience and reduce mental health problems. It is important to improve the mental health of nurses and maintain the professional values that ensure career sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the prevalence of Internet use among youth, there is concern that a subset of Internet-using youth may exhibit problematic or addictive patterns of Internet use. The present study examines the association between problematic Internet use (PIU), demographic variables, and health-related measures among Chinese adolescents. Survey data from 1552 adolescents (male=653, mean age=15.43years) from Jilin Province, China, were collected. According to the Young Diagnostic Questionnaire for Internet Addiction (YDQ), 77.8% (n=1207), 16.8% (n=260), and 5.5% (n=85) showed adaptive, maladaptive, and problematic Internet use, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that gender and family income per month differed between youth showing problematic and adaptive patterns of Internet use. Well-being, self-esteem, and self-control were related to severity of problematic Internet use, with greater severity typically associated with poorer measures in each domain. The findings that severity of problematic Internet use is associated with specific socio-demographic features and temperamental and well-being measures suggest that specific groups of youth may be particularly vulnerable to developing problematic Internet use. Early prevention/intervention programs targeting at-risk groups may help improve public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elevated levels of both pathological gambling (PG) and problem shopping (PS) have been reported among adolescents, and each is associated with a range of other negative health/functioning measures. However, relationships between PS and PG, particularly during adolescence, are not well understood. In this study, we explored the relationship between different levels of problem-gambling severity and health/functioning characteristics, gambling-related social experiences, gambling behaviors and motivations among adolescents with and without at-risk/problematic shopping (ARPS). Survey data from Connecticut high school students (n = 2,100) were analyzed using bivariate analyses and logistic regression modeling. Although at-risk/problematic gambling (ARPG) was not increased among adolescents with ARPS, adolescents with ARPG (vs non-gamblers) were more likely to report having experienced a growing tension or anxiety that could only be relieved by shopping and missing other obligations due to shopping. In comparison to the non-ARPS group, a smaller proportion of respondents in the ARPS group reported paid part-time employment, whereas a greater proportion of respondents reported excessive gambling by peers and feeling concerned over the gambling of a close family member. In general, similar associations between problem-gambling severity and measures of health/functioning and gambling-related behaviors and motivations were observed across ARPS and non-ARPS adolescents. However, associations were weaker among ARPS adolescents for several variables: engagement in extracurricular activities, alcohol and caffeine use and gambling for financial reasons. These findings suggest a complex relationship between problem-gambling severity and ARPS. They highlight the importance of considering co-occurring risk behaviors such as ARPS when treating adolescents with at-risk/problem gambling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]