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It is one of the main methods of structural health monitoring to carry out regular or continuous strain monitoring on key components of the structure so as to judge whether the structure is overloaded or damaged. In order to resolve the problems of traditional structural strain monitoring methods, such as large amount of wiring, high cost of installation and maintenance, and poor reliability, etc., RFID strain sensor technology is proposed in recent years, so as to realize non-contact wireless strain measurement without the need of external power supply. Firstly, this paper introduces the basic theory of RFID technology, including its main hardware components and load modulation method for wireless transmission. The research progress of RFID strain sensor is classified and summarized from three aspects: sensor design scheme, sensor working frequency band and whether the chip is used. Further, this paper analyzes the key design ideas and technical difficulties of various kinds of RFID strain sensors, and expounds their advantages, disadvantages and application status. Finally, future research direction of RFID strain sensor design is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]