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The promising high yielding rice genotype, KNM 1638 is a medium slender, early duration (120 --125 days) and photo insensitive culture with high yield potential (7356 kg ha-1) having resistance to gall midge and leaf blast, and moderately resistant to neck blast with better adaptability. This rice culture KNM 1638, a derivative of the cross JGL 11727xJGL 17004 was released through State Varietal Release Committee on the name of Kunaram Vari 2 for Telangana state during the year 2021 as an alternate variety to BPT 5204. It has semi-dwarf plant type with moderate tillering, semi-erect flag leaf, all plant parts green, semi-compact well exerted semi-erect attitude of branching panicle, straw-colored awn less grains and its grain classified as a translucent medium slender grain. In the overall performance, KNM 1638 recorded mean productivity of 7356 kg ha-1 in the eight years of trials with 12.8% increase over the check varieties. It has good grain, cooking and eating quality, and good marketing facility as quality-wise it recorded 63% head rice recovery and 21.47% amylose content with soft gel consistency and moderate gelatinization temperature. The rice variety, KNM 1638 is suitable for cultivation during kharif, late kharif and rabi seasons throughout Telangana State with higher yield, better pest and disease resistance and good cooking quality in comparison to the check varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment on response of rice to nitrogen under aerobic and transplanted conditions was conducted in split-split -plot design with two methods of rice cultivation, seven rice varieties and five nitrogen levels. The grain yield was significantly higher in transplanted rice compared to aerobic rice. Significantly higher grain yield was observed with MTU 1001 and MTU 1010 as compared to IR 64, Tella hamsa and Rajendra and the grain yield in the former two varieities was comaparable with Naveen and Erramallelu. Increase in grain yield with every 100 kg of N ha-1 from 100 kg to 300 kg ha-1 was significant. Significant interaction effect on grain yield was observed due to method of crop establishment, varieties and nitrogen levels. Aerobic rice received 627 mm of irrigation water as compared to 1228 mm in transplanted rice and the mean water productivity was higher under aerobic rice (0.49 kg grain m-3) as compared to transplanted rice (0.31 kg grain m-3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The morphological characterization of plant is the basic criteria in order to provide fundamental information for plant breeding programme. The main objective of the present work was to characterize 56 landraces of rice including high yielding varieties of Tamil Nadu, based on six quantitative agro-morphological characters. Agro-morphological characters were analyzed using Multivariate statistical analysis. Multivariate analysis involves observation and analysis of more than one statistical variable at a time. Principal component analysis was utilized to examine the variation and to estimate the relative contribution of various traits for total variability. This analysis helps to enabled pattern of variation of the germplasm of landraces of rice. PCA showed the contribution of each character to the classification of the rice landraces into different cluster groups. The first three principal components explained about 76.13% of the total variation among the six characters. In the current study, Component 1 had the contribution from all the traits which accounted 34.66% of the total variability. Component 2 had the contribution from plant height and panicle length which accounted 27.99% of the total variability with the Eigen value of 1.68. The remaining variability of 13.48%, 9.47%, 9.0% and 5.41% was consolidated in component 3, component 4, component 5 and component 6 by various traits. The cumulative variance of 94.59% of total variation among six characters was explained by the first five axes. Thus the results of principal component analysis used in the study have revealed the high level of genetic variation and the traits contributing for the variation was identified. Hence this population panel can be utilized for trait improvement in breeding programs for the traits contributing for major variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic variability and correlation studies were conducted on 110 genotypes of rice. Estimates of genotypic variance, phenotypic variance, genotypic coefficient of variation, phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability in broad sense, genetic advance and association for grain yield with floral, quantitative and quality characters were computed. The characters, viz., stigma exsertion percent, anther length, outcrossing rate, number of grains per panicle, single plant yield, volume expansion ratio, gel consistency, gelatinization temperature and amylose content possessing high GCV, heritability and genetic advance ,were effectively used in selection. The single plant yield had highly significant and positive association with the number of productive tillers per plant, panicle length, number of secondary branches per panicle, 100 grain weight and number of grains per panicle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]