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OBJETIVO: Associar medidas antropométricas com hipertensão arterial e desenvolver modelo matemático para estimar essa probabilidade. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 3.445 adultos de ambos os sexos entre 18 e 60 anos. Avaliaram-se o índice de massa corporal (IMC), razão cintura estatura (RCE), perímetro da cintura (PC), além da idade e sexo. A pressão arterial foi avaliada e classificada segundo recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e da Sociedade Brasileira de Hipertensão (SBH). Utilizaram-se análise de frequência de casos, correlação e regressão logística entre as variáveis, com p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Os homens apresentaram duas vezes mais chances de hipertensão que as mulheres, e, para cada ano de vida, essa chance aumenta em 1,04 vez. As chances de hipertensão dos considerados com sobrepeso foram de quase duas vezes e, nos obesos, quadriplicavam. CONCLUSÃO: Alterações da composição corporal com o avanço da idade, principalmente nos homens, associaram-se com hipertensão, sendo sua avaliação relevante na identificação dessa doença. OBJECTIVE: To associate anthropometric measures with arterial hypertension and develop a mathematical model to estimate this probability. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 3,445 adults of both sexes, between 18 and 60 years of age. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHR), waist circumference (HC), in addition age and sex were assessed. Blood pressure (BP) was measured and classified according to World Health Organization (WHO) and Brazilian Society of Hypertension (SBH) recommendations, using frequency analyses, correlation and logistic regression between variables, with p < 0.05. RESULTS: Males were twice as likely as woman to have hypertension, and for each year of life, the chance of hypertension increased 1.04 times. Odds ratio of hypertension in overweight individual increased two times, and in obese subjects, four times. CONCLUSION: Changes in body composition with advancing age, especially in men, were associated with hypertension, and assessment of these changes was relevant in the identification of this disease.

FUNDAMENTO: A aterosclerose é a doença coronariana que acomete com maior frequência a população adulta brasileira. Embora seja uma doença predominantemente adulta, os fatores de risco associados podem surgir em indivíduos jovens. OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação do nível de atividade física (NAF) e o consumo de lipídios com os fatores de risco para aterosclerose em adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 260 meninos e 237 meninas com idades entre 10-18 anos. O nível de atividade física foi estimado através do recordatório proposto por Bouchard e cols.. O consumo de lipídios foi avaliado através do inquérito alimentar desenvolvido por Sichieri e Everhart. A pressão arterial foi mensurada utilizando um esfigmomanômetro de coluna de mercúrio. O colesterol total, o HDL-C e os triglicérides foram determinados através do método enzimático-colorimétrico. O LDL-C foi calculado pela fórmula de Friedewald. Na análise estatística, foi empregada a regressão logística, com nível de significância estipulado em p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Quanto ao NAF, 17,3% dos meninos e 22,6% das meninas foram classificados como sedentários. Para os hábitos alimentares, 54% e 48,6% dos meninos e meninas, respectivamente, apresentaram consumo de lipídios acima das recomendações. Meninos com níveis elevados de colesterol total e de LDL-C tiveram maior razão de chances de serem sedentários do que seus pares mais ativos. Apresentar níveis elevados de LDL-C esteve associado ao consumo excessivo de gordura saturada em ambos os sexos. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados avigoram as evidências prévias de que jovens devem ser encorajados desde cedo à adoção de um estilo de vida fisicamente mais ativo associado a uma ingestão alimentar apropriada. BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is the coronary disease that most often affects the adult Brazilian population. Although it is a predominantly adult disease, the risk factors can appear in young individuals. OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between the physical activity level (PAL) and the consumption of lipids with the risk factors for atherosclerosis in adolescents. METHODS: A total of 260 boys and 237 girls aged 10-18 years were assessed. The PAL was estimated based on the activity record proposed by Bouchard et al. The consumption of lipids was assessed through the food frequency questionnaire developed by Sichieri and Everhart. Blood pressure was measured using a mercury-column sphygmomanometer. Total cholesterol (TC), HDL-c and triglycerides (TG) were measured by the enzymatic-colorimetric method. LDL-c was calculated by Friedewald's formula. The statistical analysis was carried out through logistic regression, with a level of significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Regarding the PAL, 17.3% of the boys and 22.6% of the girls were classified as sedentary. As for the diet, 54% and 48.6% of the boys and girls, respectively, presented a consumption of lipids above the recommended level. Boys with high TC and LDL-c levels had a higher OR to be sedentary than their more active peers. High levels of LDL-c were associated with the excessive consumption of saturated fats in both sexes. CONCLUSION: The results reinforce the previous evidence that young people must be encouraged since an early age to adopt a more physically active lifestyle, associated to more adequate dietary habits. FUNDAMENTO: La aterosclerosis es la enfermedad coronaria que afecta con mayor frecuencia a la población adulta brasilera. Aún cuando se trata de una enfermedad predominantemente de adultos, los factores de riesgo asociados pueden surgir en individuos jóvenes. OBJETIVO: Verificar la asociación del nivel de actividad física (NAF) y el consumo de lípidos con los factores de riesgo para aterosclerosis en adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Fueron evaluados 260 niños y 237 niñas con edades entre 10 y 18 años. El nivel de actividad física fue estimado a través del recordatorio propuesto por Bouchard et al. El consumo de lípidos fue evaluado mediante una encuesta alimentaria desarrollada por Sichieri y Everhart. La presión arterial se midió utilizando un esfigmomanómetro de columna de mercurio. El colesterol total, el HDL-C y los triglicéridos fueron determinados por el método enzimático-colorimétrico. El LDL-C se calculó mediante la fórmula de Friedewald. En el análisis estadístico, se empleó la regresión logística, con nivel de significancia estipulado en p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: En cuanto al NAF, el 17,3% de los niños y el 22,6% de las niñas fueron clasificados como sedentarios. En los hábitos alimentarios, el 54% y el 48,6% de los niños y niñas, respectivamente, presentaron consumo de lípidos por encima de las recomendaciones. Niños con niveles elevados de colesterol total y de LDL-C tuvieron mayor razón de chances de ser sedentarios que sus pares más activos. La aparición de niveles elevados de LDL-C estuvo asociada al consumo excesivo de grasa saturada en ambos sexos. CONCLUSIÓN: Los resultados refuerzan las evidencias previas de que los jóvenes deben ser incentivados desde temprano a la adopción de un estilo de vida físicamente más activo, asociado a una ingesta alimentaria apropiada.

Atherosclerosis is the coronary disease that most often affects the adult Brazilian population. Although it is a predominantly adult disease, the risk factors can appear in young individuals.To verify the association between the physical activity level (PAL) and the consumption of lipids with the risk factors for atherosclerosis in adolescents.A total of 260 boys and 237 girls aged 10-18 years were assessed. The PAL was estimated based on the activity record proposed by Bouchard et al. The consumption of lipids was assessed through the food frequency questionnaire developed by Sichieri and Everhart. Blood pressure was measured using a mercury-column sphygmomanometer. Total cholesterol (TC), HDL-c and triglycerides (TG) were measured by the enzymatic-colorimetric method. LDL-c was calculated by Friedewald's formula. The statistical analysis was carried out through logistic regression, with a level of significance set at p0.05.Regarding the PAL, 17.3% of the boys and 22.6% of the girls were classified as sedentary. As for the diet, 54% and 48.6% of the boys and girls, respectively, presented a consumption of lipids above the recommended level. Boys with high TC and LDL-c levels had a higher OR to be sedentary than their more active peers. High levels of LDL-c were associated with the excessive consumption of saturated fats in both sexes.The results reinforce the previous evidence that young people must be encouraged since an early age to adopt a more physically active lifestyle, associated to more adequate dietary habits.

FUNDAMENTO: A inatividade física na adolescência está relacionada com o acúmulo de gordura corporal, o que aparentemente pode aumentar a probabilidade do surgimento e desenvolvimento das alterações metabólicas. OBJETIVO: Verificar a predisposição dos fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em adolescentes com diferentes níveis de gasto energético. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados 108 rapazes e 132 moças, com idades entre 12 e 17 anos. O gasto energético diário foi obtido pelo questionário proposto por Bouchard e cols. Previamente dividiu-se amostra através dos quartis de gasto energético (kcal/kg/dia) para composição dos grupos: sedentário (GS), moderadamente ativo (GM) e ativo (GA). Para avaliar as concentrações de colesterol total (CT), HDL-C e triglicérides (TG), utilizou-se o método enzimático-colorimétrico. O LDL-C foi calculado pela fórmula de Friedewald e cols. Para análise estatística utilizou-se a análise de variância de um fator, adotando p

Physical inactivity in adolescence is related to body fat accumulation, which apparently can increase the probability of onset and development of metabolic changes.To verify the predisposition to cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents with different levels of energy expenditure.A total of 108 young men and 132 young women aged between 12 and 16 years were selected. Daily energy expenditure was obtained using the questionnaire proposed by Bouchard et al. The sample was previously divided according to the quartiles of energy expenditure (Kcal/kg/day) into three groups: sedentary (SG), moderately active (MG), and active (AG). The enzyme-colorimetric method was used to determine the total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, and triglycerides (TG) levels. LDL-C was calculated using the Friedewald et al's formula. The one-factor analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis, considering p0.05.For the male gender, significant differences were found between the groups for the TC variable (mg/dl); AG (121.56+/-19.15) was different from MG (142.70+/-27.65) and from SG (145.63+/-36.54). Likewise, MG was different from SG (F=3.70 and p=0.03). For the TG variable (mg/dl), AG (65.69+/-18.95) was different from MG (82.25+/-33.73) and from SG (97.44+/-45.95). Also, MG was different from SG (F=3.40 and p=0.04). For the female gender, no significant differences were found in relation to daily energy expenditure.More active young men show lower TC and TG levels in comparison with their moderately active and sedentary peers.