1. Reduction of rotavirus as a cause of nosocomial diarrhoea in northern Stockholm after introducing the rotavirus vaccine.
- Author
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Olsson-Åkefeldt S, Rotzén Östlund M, Hammas B, Eriksson M, and Bennet R
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Infant, Child, Preschool, Retrospective Studies, Diarrhea epidemiology, Diarrhea etiology, Hospitals, Rotavirus, Rotavirus Vaccines, Cross Infection epidemiology, Rotavirus Infections epidemiology, Rotavirus Infections prevention & control, Norovirus
- Abstract
Background: Vaccination against rotavirus was offered in Stockholm to children born on 1 March 2014 and onwards with 85% coverage after two years. We investigated changes in nosocomial diarrhoea 2010-2018 in children admitted to Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Methods: We retrospectively identified cases from diagnostic and virology department registers. Complications and chronic medical conditions were retrieved from the case records. Children <18 years of age who developed diarrhoea ≥48 h after admission for another diagnosis and had a faecal sample submitted to the virology department were included. Results: There were 474 episodes of nosocomial diarrhoea. Of these, 401 (85%) occurred in children with chronic medical conditions. In children <5 years the rates of nosocomial rotavirus gastroenteritis, with 95% confidence intervals, significantly decreased from 0.34 (0.25-0.45) per 100 admissions prevaccination to 0.09 (0.04-0.17) postvaccination and from 0,66 (0.48-0.88) to 0.16 (0.07-0.30) cases per 1000 hospital days. Postvaccination norovirus became the most frequent pathogen. Virus-positive cases were more common in young children and in winter months. Conclusions: Before the initiation of rotavirus vaccination, norovirus and rotavirus were equally common causes of nosocomial diarrhoea. Postvaccination, rotavirus was reduced by approximately 75% while the frequency of other viruses did not change.
- Published
- 2023
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