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The lowest energy transition of ruthenium(II) complex of dipyridol[2,3-a:3',2',-c]phenazine], a metal to ligand charge transfer was probed using resonance Raman spectroscopy. DFT calculations predict that the vibrational modes are delocalized over the entire ppb ligand, which in turn indicates that the structural changes upon excitation are also delocalized.

The in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, ex situ X-ray fluorescence and X-ray powder diffraction have helped in the analysis of phase segregated nanostructured PtRu anode catalysts in an operating direct methanol fuel cell. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis has showed that the Ru-O bond lengths are shorter than those reported for Ru-O of ruthenium oxides, indicating that the phases in which the Ru resides in the catalysts are not similar to oxides.

Nanosecond step-scan FT-IT measurements to detect triplet intraligand ((super 3)IL) excited sates in Ru(super II) complexes bearing 4-piperidinyl-1,8-napthalimide (PNI) subunits. Results reveal that the two C=O vibrations are substantially red-shifted following laser excitation, a direct consequence of sensitizing the PNI-localized triplet excited state.

Emission and absorbance spectra, along with low-temperature excited-state lifetimes was obtained for the hemilabile complexes, [Ru(bpy)2L](PF6)2 [L=(2-methoxyphenyl)diphenylphosphine (RuPOMe) and (2-ethoxyphenyl)diphenylphosphine (RuPOEt). The photophysical and kinetic data of these two complexes show that the replacement of a 2,2'-bipyridine ligand with a phosphine-ether chelate stabilizes the metal HOMOd-state and increases the MLCT gap.

A study investigates the electron-transfer dynamics from Ru(dcbpy)(sub 2)-(X)(sub 2) complexes (dcbpy = 4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'bipyridine, X2 = SCN(super -), 2CN(super -), and dcbpy, referenced as RuN3, Ru 505, and Ru470, respectively) to nanocrystalline SnO2 films by ultrafast infrared spectroscopy. Details of the possible reason for the different injection dynamics in these dyes and under different environments are discussed.

The synthesis and structural characterization by NMR and X-ray analysis of various mononuclear, homodinuclear, and heterodinuclear complexes are described, along with the study of their absorption, electrochemical, and near-IR emission properties.