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In Haruo Umezaki's last novel, Illusion (Genka), he severely criticized Japan and the Japanese after World War II. His criticism is, however, a kind of self-criticism and in it he doesn't take a high-handed attitude. This work symbolizes the hollowness of the mind-set of postwar Japan. He attempted to deepen this theme by easing his strained body and saving his soul from mental distress. His intention is keen, and reaches the deepest point of the Japanese mind. His manner in this work is like 'anma' (massage). This thesis focuses on this relaxing attitude of criticism.

桜島火山東部において自然電位分布を測定した。海水面を等電位とみなして過去に得られた電位分布と接続することにより, 島を東西に横断する測線で約3分の2の長さにわたって電位分布を得ることができた。桜島の山頂部に向かって電位が高くなる傾向が認められることから, 島の中央部地下にその上昇部をもつ全島規模の熱水対流系が存在する可能性が示された。, We conducted a self-potential survey in the eastern part of Sakurajima volcano. We combined the SP data with those of previous studies by assuming the equi-potential of the sea water. Consequently, we have obtained a SP profile across the Sakurajima from west to east, though the active summit area still remains to be measured. After the linear topographic correction, we found that the SP increases toward the summit of the volcano. It suggests a large hydrothermal convention cell of a whole-island scale with its upwelling part under the central vent.

桜島火山西部の大正噴火割れ目のやや北側に帯状の自然電位異常が検出された。一方, この異常を横切る測線での直流電気探査によって, 爆裂火口である引ノ平の地下に高抵抗体が, 高電位部の地下には低比抵抗体が存在することが明らかになった。これらの結果から, この高電位異常は地下における熱水対流の上昇部に対応しており熱水の流動は溶岩の固結した火口ではなくそれに隣接した破砕域で卓越していることが推察される。, A banded self-potential (SP) anomaly was found in the westem part of Sakurajima volcano, southwestem Japan.This positive SP anomaly lies along the fissure of 1914 eruption and probably corresponds to the upflow part of subsurface hydrothermal convection. A DC electric sounding conducted along the survey line across the banded anomaly revealed that a conductive part exists 50-1OOm below the positive SP anomaly. These results suggest that the hydrothermal fluid flow is more prominent in the fractured zone adjacent to a vent than in the vent itself chokedwith the solidified lava.