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1. Physiological effects of thermomechanical newsprint mill effluent on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).

Author

Linton ED, Scuton DA, and McKinley RS

Subjects
Animals, Blood Glucose, Hematocrit, Hydrocortisone metabolism, Industrial Waste analysis, Lactic Acid blood, Newfoundland and Labrador, Osmolar Concentration, Rivers, Swimming, Cardiac Output, Industrial Waste adverse effects, Paper, Salmo salar physiology, Waste Disposal, Fluid
Abstract

Anadramous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) returning to Exploits River, Newfoundland, Canada, to spawn encounter low concentrations of thermomechanical pulp (TMP) effluent as they migrate upstream past an integrated newsprint mill. Various physiological responses of adult Atlantic salmon from the Exploits River were studied under laboratory conditions. The effects of a 6-h exposure to 0%, 6%, 12%, or 25% (v/v) TMP effluent or an increasing concentration gradient of effluent (0-25%) on cardiac output (Q ), critical swimming performance (U(crit)), hematocrit, and blood glucose, cortisol, lactate, and osmolality were examined. Relative to other treatment groups, Q during routine and low-level activity was 7-10% higher in fish exposed to at least 12% effluent. The 25% exposure group had a distinctly lower U(crit) and scope for increase in Q than the other treatment groups. These findings suggest that effluent exposure elevates physiological maintenance and repair costs, resulting in a reallocation of energetic resources.

Published
2005
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2. Physiological effects of thermomechanical newsprint mill effluent on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Author

D.A. Scuton, R.S. McKinley, and E.D. Linton

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Paper, Hydrocortisone, Newfoundland and Labrador, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Salmo salar, Industrial Waste, Hematocrit, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Animal science, Rivers, medicine, Ecotoxicology, Animals, Lactic Acid, Salmo, Cardiac Output, Effluent, Salmonidae, Swimming, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Chemistry, Osmolar Concentration, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Spawn (biology), Fishery, visual_art, Newsprint, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Concentration gradient
Abstract

Anadramous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) returning to Exploits River, Newfoundland, Canada, to spawn encounter low concentrations of thermomechanical pulp (TMP) effluent as they migrate upstream past an integrated newsprint mill. Various physiological responses of adult Atlantic salmon from the Exploits River were studied under laboratory conditions. The effects of a 6-h exposure to 0%, 6%, 12%, or 25% (v/v) TMP effluent or an increasing concentration gradient of effluent (0–25%) on cardiac output ( Q ˙ ) , critical swimming performance (Ucrit), hematocrit, and blood glucose, cortisol, lactate, and osmolality were examined. Relative to other treatment groups, Q ˙ during routine and low-level activity was 7–10% higher in fish exposed to at least 12% effluent. The 25% exposure group had a distinctly lower Ucrit and scope for increase in Q ˙ than the other treatment groups. These findings suggest that effluent exposure elevates physiological maintenance and repair costs, resulting in a reallocation of energetic resources.

Published
2004