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Start Over Descriptor "Cardiospermum grandiflorum" Topic sapindaceae
13 results on '"Cardiospermum grandiflorum"'

1. Extracts from Cardiospermum grandiflorum and Blighia welwitschii (Sapindaceae) reveal antibacterial activity against Shigella species.

Author

Pinlap, Brice Rostan, Pone Kamdem, Boniface, Kamto, Eutrophe Le Doux, Ngouana, Vincent, Melogmo Dongmo, Yanick Kevin, Lunga, Paul Keilah, and Fekam Boyom, Fabrice

Subjects
*PHYTOCHEMICALS, *SHIGELLA, *BACTERICIDAL action, *ANTIBACTERIAL agents, *SHIGELLA flexneri, *SAPINDACEAE, *CYTOTOXINS
Abstract

Shigellosis is a disease condition caused by various species of the genus Shigella. Drug resistant Shigella has been identified as a pathogen for which there is a priority to develop antimicrobials. Cardiospermum grandiflorum and Blighia welwitschii are plants that have been used in ethnomedicine to treat diarrheal conditions. Scientific validation of the antibacterial efficacy of these plants is proven valuable. The present work aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of extracts from C. grandiflorum and B. welwitschii against Shigella species. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against four species of Shigella using the broth microdilution method, whereas antioxidant activity was performed via colorimetric methods. Cytotoxicity test was carried out using Vero cells. Moreover, the phytochemical analysis of the active extracts was estimated using standard methods. Upon in vitro studies, extracts from C. grandiflorum and B. welwitschii inhibited the growth of three strains of Shigella species viz. Shigella flexneri, Shigella boydii and Shigella sonnei , with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) less than 1000 µg/mL. Remarkably, cytotoxicity studies of the most promising extracts (B. welwitschii extracts) on Vero cells showed no toxicity. Concentration and time dependent antimicrobial test revealed the bactericidal orientation of B. welwitschii extracts at 4MIC. The phytochemical analysis showed that B. welwitschii extracts are rich in phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, etc. Overall, extracts from C. grandiflorum and B. welwitschii exhibited moderate to high and selective anti- Shigella activity. The present work demonstrated that B. welwitschii extracts are selective bactericidal and antioxidant extracts that can be further exploited as a source of potential anti- Shigella compounds. Nonetheless, isolation of antishigellosis compounds from B. welwitschii extracts, and their mechanistic studies are warranted. [Display omitted] • Cardiospermum grandiflorum and Blighia welwitschii are well-known for their antidiarrheal properties. • Extracts from C. grandiflorum and B. welwitschii inhibited the growth of Shigella species. • Phytochemical screening of C. grandiflorum and B. welwitschii extracts revealed the presence of phenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids, etc.. • Mechanistic basis of antibacterial action revealed bactericidal orientation at 4 MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. The rust fungus Puccinia arechavaletae, a potential biological control agent of balloon vine (Cardiospermum grandiflorum) in South Africa. I: Biology.

Author

Fourie, Andries and Wood, Alan R.

Abstract

Studies on the rust fungus Puccinia arechavaletae, were conducted to determine its potential for use as a classical biological control agent against the alien environmental weed Cardiospermum grandiflorum in South Africa. The production of basidiospores is a crucial stage in the life cycle of this microcyclic rust species, and was determined to optimally occur at 20 °C, under high relative humidity (above 90%), in the presence of free water. The first basidiospores were released from mature telia after being incubated for 4 h under optimum conditions, reaching a peak of production after 24 h. Germination of basidiospores optimally occurred at 20 °C, and they were extremely vulnerable to desiccation. Germinating basidiospores directly penetrated epidermal cells of South African C. grandiflorum within which a vesicle formed, followed by rapid radial colonization of the leaf tissue by fungal mycelium. The first symptoms observed were small chlorotic spots on the leaves from 14 days onwards, with telial pustules appearing between 14 and 21 days post inoculation. The rust P. arechavaletae was shown to be highly pathogenic towards South African C. grandiflorum, causing severe disease symptoms with a detrimental effect on plant health and vigor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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3. New records of Cissoanthonomus tuberculipennis Hustache, 1939 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), a biological control agent of Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw. (Sapindaceae), from São Paulo, Brazil

Author

Silvana Lampert, Marcoandre Savaris, Priscila Andre Sanz-Veiga, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), and Universidade de São Paulo (USP)

Subjects
Weevil, Balloon vine, Ecology, biology, QH301-705.5, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Biological pest control, Sapindaceae, biology.organism_classification, geographic dist, Curculionidae, Atlantic Rainforest, Botany, Geographic distribution, Biology (General), Host plant, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, balloon vine
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:40:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 The geographical distribution of the weevil Cissoanthonomus tuberculipennis Hustache, 1939 is extended in Brazil, with new records from the municipalities of Charqueada and Piracicaba, state of São Paulo. These are the second and third records of C. tuberculipennis in Brazil. The specimens were collected from infested fruits of Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw. (Sapindaceae) in riparian forests along watercourses. Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho

Published
2021

4. Patrones de venación floral en tres especies de Paullinieae (Sapindaceae) Floral venation patterns in three species of Sapindaceae-Paullinieae

Author

Stella M. Solís and María S. Ferrucci

Subjects
Paullinieae, Vascularización floral, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Urvillea chacoensis, Thinouia mucronata, Sapindaceae, Flower venation patterns, Science, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Se analizaron los patrones de venación floral en Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Urvillea chacoensis y Thinouia mucronata (Sapindaceae-Paullinieae). Estas especies son monoicas y la inflorescencia es un tirso que posee flores estaminadas y bisexuadas funcionalmente pistiladas. Cardiospermum grandiflorum y U. chacoensis pertenecen a la subtribu Paulliniinae, caracterizada por las flores oblicuamente zigomorfas; mientras T. mucronata pertenece a Thinouiinae, subtribu monotípica con flores actinomorfas. En las especies estudiadas el patrón de venación es similar en ambos tipos de flores, a partir de una sifonostela ectofloica central irradian trazas vasculares que inervan los verticilos periánticos, presentando el fenómeno de progresiva fusión y adnación. El tejido vascular que inerva los nectarios está representado por cordones de floema. En relación a la vascularización floral de estas especies, las diferencias en la venación se observan en las trazas de los complejos sépalo-petalar que irradian de la sifonostela ectofloica central; mientras el patrón de venación de los verticilos fértiles es común a todas ellas. La información obtenida apoya la posición basal de Thinouia en la tribu Paullinieae.The floral venation patterns of Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Urvillea chacoensis and Thinouia mucronata, are surveyed. These species are monoecious and the inflorescence is a thyrse carrying staminate and bisexual flowers funcionally pistillate. Cardiospermum grandiflorum and U. chacoensis belong to the subtribe Paulliniinae which is characterized by obliquely zygomorphic flowers, whereas T. mucronata belongs to the monotypic Thinouiinae which presents actinomorphic flowers. Vascular pattern is similar in both types of flowers of the studied species; from one ectofloic siphonostele depart vascular traces that supply the perianth whorls displaying phenomena of progressive fusion and adnation. Vascular tissue supplying the nectaries is characterized by strands of phloem. Regarding the floral vasculature in these species, differences in the vasculature lay primarily in the number of the sepal-petal complexes traces departing from the central ectophloic siphonostele; whereas the venation pattern of the fertile verticils is common to them. The data obtained support the basal position of Thinouia in the tribe Paullinieae.

Published
2009

5. Field and laboratory studies to determine the suitability of Cissoanthonomus tuberculipennis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for release against Cardiospermum grandiflorum (Sapindaceae) in South Africa.

Author

Simelane, David O., Mawela, Khethani V., Mc Kay, Fernando, and Oleiro, Marina

Subjects
*CURCULIONIDAE, *SAPINDACEAE, *PHYSIOLOGICAL control systems, *ECOLOGY, *PLANT protection, *AGRICULTURE
Abstract

Cardiospermum grandiflorumis an invasive creeper that was targeted for biological control in South Africa in 2003. To determine ecological host range of its natural enemies, surveys were conducted onC. grandiflorumand 11 other Sapindaceae at 40 sites in the weed's native range (Argentina). These surveys indicated that the seed-feeding weevilCissoanthonomus tuberculipenniswas restricted toC. grandiflorum, and that it was among the common natural enemies, occurring at most sites whereC. grandiflorumwas recorded. Open-field tests were conducted under natural conditions in Argentina to determine the host preference ofC. tuberculipennisand other natural enemies ofC. grandiflorumamong threeCardiospermumspecies. These tests revealed thatC. tuberculipennisand the bugGargaphiasp. were restricted toC. grandiflorumthough the latter subsequently developed on non-targetCardiospermumspecies in the laboratory.C. tuberculipenniswas found to be highly damaging, destroying up to 44% of the seeds per plant in Argentina. In all the host-specificity tests, including no-choice, paired-choice and multi-choice tests,C. tuberculipennisonly fed and developed onC. grandiflorum.Failure ofC. tuberculipennisto feed and develop on all congeners ofC. grandiflorumshows that the weevil is highly host-specific to the target weed. Results of host-specificity tests, open field tests and long-term monitoring ofC. tuberculipennispopulations demonstrate that the weevil poses no threat to non-target plant species,and therefore safe for release againstC. grandiflorumin South Africa. Permission to releaseC. tuberculipennisin South Africa has been granted by the relevant regulatory authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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6. First report of Phyllachora serjaniicola causing tar-spot on Cardiospermum grandiflorum

Author

Elisandro Ricardo Drechsler-Santos, José Luiz Bezerra, Leonor Costa Maia, and Jadergudson Pereira

Subjects
biology, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Tar, Phyllachora, Plant Science, Fungus, Phyllachoraceae, Sapindaceae, biology.organism_classification, Ascomycota, Botany, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

A stromatic tar-spot fungus, found associated with Cardiospermum grandiflorum from the Parque Nacional do Vale do Catimbau (Buíque PE), was collected and identified as Phyllachora serjaniicola. This represents the first report of this fungus on C. grandiflorum. Um fungo estromático causador de mancha-de-piche, associado a Cardiospermum grandiflorum no Parque Nacional do Vale do Catimbau (Buíque PE), foi coletado e identificado como Phyllachora serjaniicola. Este é o primeiro relato deste fungo em C. grandiflorum.

Published
2010

7. Fatty acid composition of some seed oils of the sapindaceae

Author

Volker Spitzer

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Double bond, biology, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Fatty acid, Vaccenic acid, Plant Science, General Medicine, Horticulture, Sapindaceae, Carbon-13 NMR, biology.organism_classification, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Paullinic acid, Structural isomer, Organic chemistry, Molecular Biology
Abstract

The fatty acid compositions of the seed oils of Paullina meliaefolia, Urvillea uniloba and Cardiospermum grandiflorum have been analysed as their methyl esters and 4,4-dimethyloxazoline derivatives by GC and GC-mass spectrometry. cis -13-Eicosenoic Acid (paullinic acid) and cis -11-octadecenoic acid ( cis -vaccenic acid) were found to be the main components besides other monoenoic acid positional isomers. The stereochemistry of the double bonds was confirmed by IR and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. Moreover, the unusual fatty acids C16:2( c 9, c 12) and C20:2 ( c 11, c 14) have been detected as minor compounds. The cyanolipids were identified as 1-cyano-2-hydroxymethylprop-2-ene-1-ol and 1-cyano-2-hydroxymethylprop-1-ene-3-ol derivatives by spectroscopic methods.

Published
1996

8. Floral venation patterns in three species of Sapindaceae-Paullinieae

Author

Solis, Stella Maris and Ferrucci, María Silvia

Subjects
purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Ciencias Biológicas, Sapindaceae, Paullinieae, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Flower venation patterns, Urvillea chacoensis, Thinouia mucronata, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Ciencias de las Plantas, Botánica, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, VASCULARIZACIÓN FLORAL
Abstract

Se analizaron los patrones de venación floral en Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Urvillea chacoensis y Thinouia mucronata (Sapindaceae-Paullinieae). Estas especies son monoicas y la inflorescencia es un tirso que posee flores estaminadas y bisexuadas funcionalmente pistiladas. Cardiospermum grandiflorum y U. chacoensis pertenecen a la subtribu Paulliniinae, caracterizada por las flores oblicuamente zigomorfas; mientras T. mucronata pertenece a Thinouiinae, subtribu monotípica con flores actinomorfas. En las especies estudiadas el patrón de venación es similar en ambos tipos de flores, a partir de una sifonostela ectofloica central irradian trazas vasculares que inervan los verticilos periánticos, presentando el fenómeno de progresiva fusión y adnación. El tejido vascular que inerva los nectarios está representado por cordones de floema. En relación a la vascularización floral de estas especies, las diferencias en la venación se observan en las trazas de los complejos sépalo-petalar que irradian de la sifonostela ectofloica central; mientras el patrón de venación de los verticilos fértiles es común a todas ellas. La información obtenida apoya la posición basal de Thinouia en la tribu Paullinieae. The floral venation patterns of Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Urvillea chacoensis and Thinouia mucronata, are surveyed. These species are monoecious and the inflorescence is a thyrse carrying staminate and bisexual flowers funcionally pistillate. Cardiospermum grandiflorum and U. chacoensis belong to the subtribe Paulliniinae which is characterized by obliquely zygomorphic flowers, whereas T. mucronata belongs to the monotypic Thinouiinae which presents actinomorphic flowers. Vascular pattern is similar in both types of flowers of the studied species; from one ectofloic siphonostele depart vascular traces that supply the perianth whorls displaying phenomena of progressive fusion and adnation. Vascular tissue supplying the nectaries is characterized by strands of phloem. Regarding the floral vasculature in these species, differences in the vasculature lay primarily in the number of the sepal-petal complexes traces departing from the central ectophloic siphonostele; whereas the venation pattern of the fertile verticils is common to them. The data obtained support the basal position of Thinouia in the tribe Paullinieae. Fil: Solis, Stella Maris. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Ferrucci, María Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina

Published
2009

9. Morpho-Anatomy and Ontogeny of the Floral Nectaries of Cardiospermum grandiflorum and Urvillea chacoensis (Sapindaceae)

Author

Stella Maris Solís and María Silvia Ferrucci

Subjects
Otras Ciencias Biológicas, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Nectary Structure, Morpho, Plant Science, Plant anatomy, Anatomy, Nectarostomata, Biology, Sapindaceae, biology.organism_classification, Ciencias Biológicas, Floral Morpho-Anatomy, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Plant morphology, Paullinieae, Botany, Nectar, Petal, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Nectary Ontogeny, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Vascular tissue
Abstract

The morphology, anatomy and ontogeny the floral nectaries of two species of Sapindaceae (Paullinieae), viz. Cardiospermum grandiflorum and Urvillea chacoensis, were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. Both species are monoecious with oblique monosymmetric flowers. The floral nectaries are located at the base of the androgynophore. Vascular tissue supplying the nectaries consists of phloem. Cardiospermum grandiflorum has a posterior nectary with two lobes without any specially differentiated tissue, and with nectarostomata. In Urvillea chacoensis the nectary has four lobes; two posterior ones with distinctive nectariferous tissue with nectarostomata on the abaxial side, and two minor anterior ones that are histologically similar but lack nectarostomata. The nectaries in both species have a common base with the petals. Since the nectaries are macroscopically differentiated they are considered as structural nectaries. Fil: Solis, Stella Maris. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Naturales y Agrimensura; Argentina Fil: Ferrucci, MarÍa Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina

Published
2009

10. Differences and resemblances in banding patterns and ribosomal DNA distribution in four species of Paullinieae tribe (Sapindaceae)

Author

María Silvia Ferrucci, Juan Domingo Urdampilleta, Eliana Regina Forni Martins, and André Luís Laforga Vanzela

Subjects
Systematics, Heterochromatin, Otras Ciencias Biológicas, Plant Science, Biology, Tribe (biology), Ciencias Biológicas, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Monophyly, Sapindaceae, Polyploid, Paullinieae, Genetics, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Ribosomal DNA, Rdna Genes, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Karyosystemtics, Karyotype, Cell Biology, Evolutionary biology, Banding Patterns, Animal Science and Zoology, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

The tribe Paullinieae (Sapindaceae) is exclusively neotropically distributed, and is characterized by apomorphic characters and considered a monophyletic natural group. Recently explored cytogenetical aspects suggest that the disploid chromosomal reduction, the increase in the chromosomal size and the diversification of highly repetitive DNA sequences are associated with the karyotyp-ic evolution of this tribe. This work compares patterns of chromosome banding and the distribution of ribosomal DNA 18S-5.8S-26S in Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw., Pullinia elegans Cambess., Urvillea chacoensis Hunz. and U. ulmacea Kunth. The studied species share the presence of a pattern of terminal C-Giemsa bands, differentiated for characteristics of heterochromatic regions. Terminal AT-rich bands occurred in C. grandiflorum (2n=2x=20) and U. chacoensis (2n=2x=22). Differing from the others, U. chacoensis presented prominent bands in the majority of chromosomes. The polyploid cytotype of U. ulmacea (2n=8x=88) possessed terminal bands CMA+ and DAPI+, forming heterochromatic blocks constituted by GC- and AT-rich repetitive DNA. On the other hand, P. elegans (2n=2x=24) presented a pattern of neutral bands after staining with CMA3/DAPI. The presence of GC-rich regions associated with 45S rDNA sites was a common characteristic in the studied species, nevertheless, variations in the NOR number might be useful for the differentiation of some species. Our results on karyological differences and resemblances of the studied species are discussed in relation to the systematics of the Paullinieae tribe. © 2008 The Japan Mendel Society. Fil: Urdampilleta, Juan Domingo. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Brasil Fil: Ferrucci, MarÍa Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste; Argentina Fil: Vanzela, André L. L.. Universidade Estadual de Londrina; Brasil Fil: Forni Martins, Eliana R.. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Brasil

Published
2008

11. Effect of Water Extract ofCardiospermum grandiflorumSwartz on the Gravid Female Rat Uterus

Author

Guede Noel Zirihi and Mansoor Ahmad

Subjects
Pharmacology, biology, Traditional medicine, urogenital system, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Uterus, Sapindaceae, Pharmacognosy, biology.organism_classification, Atropine, medicine.anatomical_structure, In utero, Rat uterus, medicine, Gestation, reproductive and urinary physiology, medicine.drug
Abstract

The effect of a water extract of Cardiospermum grandiflorum Swartz (Sapindaceae) was investigated on a gravid female ratuherus. This extract showed a strong elevation in contractile activity, inhibited by atropine, of the female (pregnant) Wistar rat uterus. It was found to be dose dependent.

Published
1996

12. Cardiosperminsulfate - a sulphur containing cyanogenic glucoside from cardiospermum grandiflorum

Author

W. Hübel and A. Nahrstedt

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Cardiospermin, biology, Organic Chemistry, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Glycoside, chemistry.chemical_element, Sapindaceae, biology.organism_classification, Biochemistry, Sulfur, chemistry, Cyanogenic Glucoside, Drug Discovery, Organic chemistry
Abstract

Isolation and structure elucidation of cardiospermin-5-sulfate, the first reported sulphur containing cyanogenic glycoside is described. The compound coocurs with cardiospermin in Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw. (Sapindaceae).

Published
1979

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