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The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of animal-based organic nutrition and environmental parameters on tomato fruit quality, as well as to establish relations among colour and morphological values performed by the Tomato Analyzer (TA) software application. Organic tomato fruits produced by three organic nutrient solutions, which consisted of different mixtures of several OMRI certified nitrogen fertilizers and one inorganic nutrient solution (Steiner’s solution) as the control, were evaluated for their polyphenol and carotenoid content. We used Tomato Analyzer (TA) to evaluate fruit size and shape. Moreover, we implemented a digital image analysis tool, Color Test (CT), as part of the TA software application to collect and analyse fruit colour parameters. The application of organic fertilizers positively affected the total hydrolysable and condensed polyphenols of tomato fruits compared to the control. The high air temperature (>30°C) and sub-optimal light intensity negatively affected the carotene content of tomato fruits, as well as their morphological and colour attributes. Plants fed with organic solutions containing ASA + ASB + NK2SO4 showed comparable morphology and fruit colour attributes to those of the control plants that received Steiner’s nutrient solution. The results indicated that the application of organic fertilizers positively affected the total hydrolysable and condensed polyphenols of tomato fruits compared to the control. Plants fed with the Steiner’s nutrient solution exhibited the highest carotenoid content in tomato fruits. Organically produced tomatoes through animal-based fertilizer application displayed similar fruit morphology and colour attributes compared to conventionally produced tomatoes.

Purpose: In recent years, interest in plant nutrition research has arisen with a strong focus on organic forms. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different organic fertilizers on growth, yield, fruit quality and polyphenol content in soilless grown grape tomatoes under greenhouse conditions. Materials and methods: Tomato plants were subjected to three organic nutrient solutions, which consisted of different mixtures of several OMRI (Organic Materials Review Institute) certified nitrogen fertilizers of industrially processed residues: Treatment I: solid and soluble liquid fertilizers of animal raw materials, natural potassium sulphate-non-synthetic, and calcium chloride; Treatment II: solid and soluble liquid fertilizers of animal raw materials, by-product of marine raw material (soluble liquid), natural potassium sulphate-non-synthetic, and calcium chloride; and Treatment III: solid fertilizers of animal raw materials, natural potassium sulphate-non-synthetic, and calcium chloride to 100% [0-30 days after transplanting (DAT)], 125% [31-80 DAT], and 150% [>81 DAT]. The Steiner solution (SS) was used as a control (Treatment IV). Results: Yield did not differ between organic and conventional treatments, ranging from 3.04 to 3.35 kg m-2 while fresh weight in organic treatments was 3.14 compared to 3.2 kg m-2 in plants fed with the SS. No significant differences in plant height or fruit quality were found. The application of organic fertilizers positively affected the total hydrolysable and condensed polyphenols of tomato fruits compared to the control. Twelve phenolic compounds were identified, highlighting 3-Caffeoylquinic acid, salvianolic acid and 5,6-Dihydroxy-7,8,3’,4’-tetramethoxyflavone (Treatment I) and Medioresinol (Lignan) (Treatment II). Conclusions: The results indicated that organic fertilization through animal-based fertilizer application is a feasible alternative for grape tomato production under greenhouse conditions.

Moringa oleifera has been a focus of interest because of the different properties (anticancer, antioxidant, etc.) that have been attributed to this plant. However, the most used methodology is soxhlet, which requires long periods of reaction (18 hours), generating greater energy expenditure. Recently, green extraction technologies have been developed like ultrasound and microwaves, reducing reaction time by up to 97%. The objectives of this study were to extract and identify the polyphenolic compounds present in aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts from Moringa oleifera dried leaves using ultrasound and microwave, as well as to evaluate their in vitro cytotoxic effect using cancer and non-cancer cells. A combination of ultrasound and microwave was utilized to extract polyphenolic compounds from Moringa dried leaves. HPLC–MS analysis was conducted to qualitatively identify the polyphenols in the samples. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by MTT and comet assays using non-cancer (3T3, Hek293, and Vero) and cancer (HepG2) cells lines. Results: 30 polyphenolic compounds from 9 different families were identified by HPLC. Data suggested that hydro-alcoholic extracts from Moringa leaves have potent cytotoxic activities in a depend-doses response. Also, compounds from aqueous extracts did not cause cell death, while polyphenol extract from hydro-alcoholic extracts decreased populations in both cancer and non-cancer cell lines measurement by MTT. HepG2 cells showed DNA damage by comet assay. The extraction using ultrasound and microwaves at 30 minutes of reaction has an antiproliferative effect through apoptosis in cancer cells, in addition ethanolic extracts have higher cytotoxicity compared to aqueous extracts.