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In the present study, 30 blackgram genotypes were evaluated for physiological, reproductive, biochemical and yield traits at flowering stage during summer, 2022 and 23. ANOVA showed highly significant genetic variability among the 30 blackgram genotypes for 20 heat tolerance traits studied indicating that significant amount of genetic variability among the genotypes. Higher PCV, GCV and heritability was recorded for seed yield per plant and number of pods per plant during both the years. Moreover, the results of cluster analysis for these heat tolerance traits revealed that the genotypes TBG-129, LBG-1015, PU-1804, TBG-104 and PU-31 were identified as promising genotypes under high temperature stress conditions during both the years. Principal component analysis showed that first three components showed 82.62 % of total variation during summer, 2022, whereas 77.06 % of the total variance was covered by the first two principal components during summer, 2023. The identification of genotypes displaying heat tolerance can be useful in future breeding programmes for the development of heat stress tolerant genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two hundred germplasm lines of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) were evaluated for genetic variability and divergence for seed cotton yield attributing traits and fibre quality traits at Regional Agricultural Research Station, ANGRAU, Lam, Guntur. The analysis of variance indicated significant genetic variability among the germplasm lines. The close symmetry between the phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variances and lower values of environmental coefficient variance for all the studied attributes indicated that the traits were genetically controlled and under less influence of the environment. Higher broad sense heritability and genetic advance for all seed cotton yield attributing traits indicated that these attributes were governed by additive genes and early phenotypic selection for their improvement might be effective. Five principal components (PCs) were depicted as having Eigen value >1 and cumulative variability of 66.17%, out of which PC1 accounted for 26.81% and PC2 for 14.08% of variability. The attributes of significance depicted in PC1 were seed index, lint index, upper half mean length, uniformity index, and staple length. Bi-plot revealed that Lam GPC232, Lam GPC223, Lam GPC225, Lam GPC135, Lam GPC62, Lam GPC85, Lam GPC168, and Lam GPC203 were the most divergent germplasm. These genetically diverse genotypes with the absolute and significant association of attributes could be utilized in a future cotton breeding program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]