40 results on '"self-determined motivation"'
Search Results
2. Skalen zur Erfassung der selbstbestimmten Motivation von Grundschulkindern (SESMO): Faktorenstruktur, Messinvarianz und kriterienbezogene Interpretierbarkeit der Testwerte.
- Author
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Lohbeck, Annette
- Subjects
- *
SCHOOL children , *SELF-determination theory , *TEACHER-student relationships , *STRUCTURAL equation modeling , *GRADE levels , *TEST anxiety , *NEED (Psychology) - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to test the measurement quality and valid interpretation of the test scores of the scales for the assessment of self-determined motivation of elementary school children (SESMO) measuring five motivational regulation types posited by self-determination theory (intrinsic, identified, introjected, extrinsic, amotivated). In the present study, this self-report measure for elementary school children was firstly examined by using a sample of N = 679 primary school children from grades 3 to 4 in mathematics and German. When testing the factor structure, multiple confirmatory factor models (CFA) were compared to an exploratory structural equation model (ESEM) and two bi-factor models (B-CFA, B-ESEM), and measurement invariance across gender and grade levels was analyzed. The criterion-related interpretation of the test scores was investigated by exploring the relations to various external criteria (i.e., self-reported grades, self-concept, concentration, student-teacher relationship, enjoyment, and anxiety in class). Results of CFA provided support for the appropriateness of a 5-factor structure in both domains. However, the B-ESEM model showed the best fit to the data when compared to all other models. Measurement invariance across gender and grade levels was sufficiently established. The more self-determined types of motivation (i.e., intrinsic, identified) were more likely to relate to more favorable external criteria than more externally determined types of motivation (i.e., introjected, extrinsic) or amotivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Students' motivational experiences across profiles of perceived need-supportive and need-thwarting teaching behaviors in physical education.
- Author
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Burgueño, R., García-González, L., Abós, Á., and Sevil-Serrano, J.
- Subjects
- *
ACADEMIC motivation , *SELF-determination theory , *PHYSICAL education teachers , *LEARNER autonomy , *TEACHING methods - Abstract
Background: Consistent with self-determination theory (SDT), teachers may differ in the motivating style used to motivate students in physical education (PE). When relying on need-supportive behaviors, teachers attempt to provide students with opportunities for choices and initiative (autonomy support), valuable information and feedback (competence support), and an emotional and affective environment (relatedness support). Alternatively, teachers relying on need-thwarting behaviors tend to adopt a controlling language (autonomy thwarting), unclear goals toward the task (competence thwarting), and cold links with students (relatedness thwarting). While competence, autonomy, and relatedness supportive and thwarting behaviors are theoretically distinct in the instructional practice, every teaching behavior may co-occur to different degrees. Grounded in SDT, the only existing person-centered study in PE showed that PE teachers' autonomy-supportive and controlling teaching behaviors can be combined through the students' eyes, being associated with different motivational outcomes. Purpose: Adopting a person-centered approach, this research aimed to extend previous knowledge by examining how different combinations of students' perceptions of autonomy, competence, and relatedness supportive and thwarting teaching behaviors are associated with students' need satisfaction, need frustration, and motivation in PE. Method: A sample of 478 middle school students (53.97% girls) participated in the study. First, a two-step cluster analysis using autonomy, competence, and relatedness supportive and thwarting behaviors was run to identify different motivating teaching profiles. Subsequently, a multivariate analysis of covariance was conducted to examine differences between the retained clusters and students' need-based experiences and motivational regulations. Results: Two of these profiles were characterized by the dominant presence either of need-supportive (i.e. 'high need-support – low need-thwarting') or need-thwarting behaviors (i.e. 'low need-support – high need-thwarting'), while they were found to be similarly present in the two remaining profiles (i.e. 'moderate need-support – need-thwarting', and 'moderate need-support – high need-thwarting'). The 'high need-support – low need-thwarting' profile obtained the highest scores on need satisfaction and autonomous forms of motivation, accompanied by the lowest levels of need frustration and amotivation. The 'moderate need-support – need-thwarting' profile reflected low scores on need frustration, introjected and external regulation, and amotivation. The 'moderate need-support – need-thwarting' and the 'low need-support – high need-thwarting' profiles showed the highest scores on need frustration, introjected and external regulation, and amotivation. Conclusions: This research underscores that teachers may combine need-supportive and need-thwarting behaviors in their instructional practice. Results revealed that the 'high need-support – low need-thwarting' profile showed the most optimal outcomes, while the 'low need-support – high need thwarting' profile yielded the least optimal outcomes. Given that the 'high need-support – low need-thwarting' profile showed a more optimal pattern of outcomes than the 'moderate need-support – high need-thwarting' profile and the 'moderate need-support – need-thwarting', results suggest that students' perception of need-thwarting teaching behaviors is detrimental even when the instructor is additionally perceived to be need-supportive. PE teachers are recommended not only to develop a motivating teaching style characterized by high levels of need-supportive behaviors, but also to avoid need-thwarting behaviors in their instructional practice, in order to enhance students' motivational experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Relationships Between Needs Satisfaction and the Quality of Motivation With Academic Engagement in Pre-Service Physical Education Teachers.
- Author
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López-García, Ginés D., Carrasco-Poyatos, María, Burgueño, Rafael, and Granero-Gallegos, Antonio
- Subjects
- *
PHYSICAL education teachers , *STUDENT teachers , *SELF-determination theory , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *CROSS-sectional method , *STRUCTURAL equation modeling - Abstract
Building upon self-determination theory, the objective of this research was to examine the predictive associations of preservice physical education (PE) teachers' basic psychological need satisfaction (i.e., autonomy, competence, relatedness, and novelty) with their academic engagement via the quality of their motivation. A purposive sample of 920 pre-service PE teachers (569 men and 351 women; Mage = 24.73; SD = 5.34) participated in this cross-sectional research. The results from structural equation modeling revealed that autonomy, competence, and novelty satisfaction positively predicted autonomous motivation, and negatively predicted amotivation. While competence satisfaction positively predicted controlled motivation, novelty satisfaction did it negatively. Autonomous motivation and controlled motivation positively predicted academic engagement, while amotivation was negatively associated with it. This research underscores the importance of considering pre-service PE teachers' autonomy, competence, and, specially, novelty satisfaction in promoting their autonomous motivation and academic engagement in initial teacher education program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Children's Enjoyment, Perceived Competency, and Vigorous Physical Activity During High-Intensity Interval Training in Physical Education.
- Author
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Burford, Katie, Gillespie, Kathryn, Jowers, Esbelle M., and Bartholomew, John B.
- Subjects
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HIGH-intensity interval training , *PHYSICAL training & conditioning , *PHYSICAL activity , *PHYSICAL education teachers , *PHYSICAL education , *SELF-determination theory - Abstract
Purpose: Little is known about children's experience with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) during elementary school. Perceptions of enjoyment, perceived competence, and motivation are likely to drive long-term adherence and are, therefore, critical to understanding how HIIT might be implemented in this setting. The purpose of this study was to describe children's vigorous physical activity (VPA), enjoyment, and perceived competency of HIIT activities within a Self-Determination Theory framework (autonomy) in elementary school physical education (PE) classes. Methods: Participants were 402 children from a single, diverse elementary school (49.4% female, 59.6% Non-Hispanic white). Student enjoyment and perceived competency were collected following teacher- (non-autonomous) and student-led (autonomous) conditions. A sub-set of 201 children wore accelerometers to measure percent of time in VPA during HIIT conditions. This mixed factorial design was assessed through a series of repeated measures ANOVAs. Results: While children reported generally positive enjoyment and perceived competence in both conditions (rating over 4.0 on a 5-point scale), children significantly enjoyed (d = 0.44) and felt more competent (d = 0.11) during the autonomous HIIT condition compared to the nonautonomous HIIT condition. In contrast, the percent of time in VPA (d = 0.94) was significantly lower in the autonomous condition. Conclusions: These data illustrate a challenging trade-off with the design of HIIT trials. Increasing autonomy through the inclusion of student choice increased enjoyment and perceived competence of HIIT, which are likely to improve adherence, but lowered VPA, which is likely to reduce cardiometabolic impact.Abbreviations: U.S.: United States; PA: Physical activity; MVPA; Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; PE: Physical education; CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Randomized control trial, RCT; SDT: Self-Determination Theory; HIIT: High-intensity interval training; RCT: Randomized control trial; VPA: Vigorous physical activity; IRB; Institutional Review Board; HFZ: Healthy Fitness Zone; PACES: Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale; M: Mean; SD: Standard deviation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. High School Students' Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior by Motivational Profiles Toward Physical Activity.
- Author
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Mayorga-Vega, Daniel, Fajkowska, Małgorzata, Guijarro-Romero, Santiago, and Viciana, Jesús
- Subjects
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SEDENTARY behavior , *HIGH school students , *PHYSICAL activity , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *SELF-determination theory , *PHYSICAL education teachers - Abstract
Purpose: Based on a Self-Determination Theory with a person-centered approach, the purposes were: (1) to identify motivational profiles toward physical activity (PA) among high school students, and (2) to compare students' accelerometer-measured PA and sedentary behavior (SB) levels between the motivational profiles toward PA. Methods: The present study followed a cross-sectional design. A total of 394 high school students (173 females; final sample = 360 and 198 for the purposes 1 and 2, respectively) aged 12–16 years completed the study. Participants' PA and SB levels were objectively measured by ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers (right hip) during seven consecutive days. Later, motivation toward PA was measured by the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire. Results: Based on a two-stage cluster analysis approach, the results identified three clusters: (1) "Self-determined motivational profile toward PA" (65.3%); (2) "Non-self-determined motivational profile toward PA" (23.9%), and (3) "Controlled motivational profile toward PA" (10.8%). The results of the chi-square test showed that a statistically significantly higher percentage of males were represented in cluster 1 (p <.001). The results of the one-way analysis of variance showed that students from cluster 1 had statistically significantly lower levels of SB, and higher levels of light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA and total PA than those from cluster 2 (p <.05; |d| = 0.40–0.61). Conclusions: In line with the Self-Determination Theory, the students within the self-determined motivational profile had lower SB and higher PA. This preliminary evidence could inform and guide future policy regarding students' PA promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Extrinsic Regulations and Basic Psychological Needs: Drivers of Self-Determined Motivation towards Recycling Intention.
- Author
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Sajid, Sana and Rashid, Rao Muhammad
- Subjects
SELF-determination theory ,BASIC needs ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,PSYCHOLOGICAL factors ,INTENTION ,GREEN marketing ,CONSUMER behavior - Abstract
Recent climate crises have taken the taken the world by storm. Ongoing environmental degradation has raised several questions about human activities that would be effective to protect the ecosystem. Following the climate catastrophe, now a day's businesses are transitioning towards green marketing practices focusing on pro-environmental behaviors of consumers i.e., green purchases, recycling behavior and conservation of energy. This study emphasizes the recycling domain of pro-environmental behaviors. According to a study Pakistan is the 5
th most vulnerable country to get affected from climate related crisis. This could only be curtailed if consumers favor 'sustainable consumption' for the use and reuse of products. In this regard this study proposes a comprehensive framework that would investigate what are the motivational drivers that have an impact on 'Consumer Recycling Intention of Pakistani household'. For this purpose, in-depth analysis of recycling motivation and Intention has been conducted for the identification of key motivational factors and drivers that may shape their intentions to recycle in their routine life. Quantitative data has been collected from 303 respondents through structured online questionnaire and was analyzed using SMART PLS(SEM). Findings reveal the significant impact of Basic Psychological needs and Extrinsic Regulations on Extrinsic and Intrinsic motivational factors respectively. Whereas these regulations proved to be significant drivers of self-determined motivation towards recycling Intention. Based on empirical evidence, study has proposed a model, it includes suggested motivational initiatives that businesses may incorporate into their marketing practices and Policy makers may enact laws while keeping determinants of the model in consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
8. Validity and reliability evidence for the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire with Romanian professional athletes.
- Author
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Alexe, Cristina Ioana, Alexe, Dan Iulian, Mareş, Gabriel, Tohănean, Dragoş Ioan, Turcu, Ioan, and Burgueño, Rafael
- Subjects
SPORTS psychology ,PROFESSIONAL athletes ,CRONBACH'S alpha ,CONFIRMATORY factor analysis ,SPORTS teams ,SELF-determination theory - Abstract
Background. Despite the importance attributed to athletes' motivation in sports performance and well-being; no measures of motivation toward sport were found in the Romanian sport context. Objective. Grounded in self-determination theory, this research aimed to adapt and to gather validity and reliability evidence supporting the use of the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ) in the Romanian sport domain. Method. The participants were 596 Romanian professional athletes (age: M D22:91, SD D 5:84; sports experience: M D 11:14, SD D 5:03), who 273 practiced individual sports and 323 team sports. They completed an online questionnaire survey assessing their perception of behavioral regulation, resilience and burnout in sport. Results. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the six-factor correlated model, which was invariant across age and sport. Correlations among latent factors configured a simplex structure, underpinning the self-determination continuum. Average variance extracted values from .50 to .70 endorsed convergent validity. Scores for heterotraitmonotrait ratio of correlations as high as .88, as well as 95% confidence intervals of each interfactor correlation that did not include 1.00 supported discriminant validity. Values over .70 for Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega and Raykov's coefficients showed a good level of reliability for each factor. Linear regression analysis revealed that while intrinsic motivation, integrated regulation and identified regulation positively predicted resilience, introjected regulation, external regulation and amotivation positively predicted burnout. Conclusions. The BRSQ is shown to be a valid and reliable measure of the six types of behavioral regulation in the Romanian sport context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Is Self-Determined Motivation a Useful Agent to Overcome Perceived Exercise Barriers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?
- Author
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Kang, Heon Jin, Wang, John Chee Keng, Burns, Stephen Francis, and Leow, Melvin Khee-Shing
- Subjects
TYPE 2 diabetes ,SELF-determination theory ,HEALTH behavior ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) - Abstract
Background : Devising a program to increase physical activity (PA)/exercise behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can meet with limited effectiveness in real-world settings because of the variety of barriers to PA/exercise that individuals need to overcome. An alternative approach is to explore whether targeting motivation as a facilitator may be effective to increase PA/exercise. This study aimed to understand attitudes toward perceived barriers to PA/exercise by examining individual levels of motivation, grounded on self-determination theory, in patients with T2DM. Methods : This study used an integrated approach combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. Sixteen patients with T2DM were grouped (n = 8 for each group) into either a higher self-motivation (HSM) or lower self-motivation (LSM) group via the Relative Autonomy Index. Thematic and deductive analysis were used to identify attitudes based on ten preconceived barrier themes: apathy, dislike, no priority, lack of support, health problems, lack of knowledge, unfavorable environment, tiredness, lack of time, and financial constraints. Quantitative analysis was to assess statistical differences in the volume of PA/exercise across the two groups, and a mixed-methods analysis was employed to highlight unique cases. Results : Patients in the HSM group expressed positive attitudes toward barriers to PA/exercise, while patients in the LSM group expressed a greater degree of hindrance. Although regular PA/exercise is necessary for T2DM management, patients with LSM considered PA/exercise a lesser priority displaying negative attitudes such as apathy and dislike. Conversely, patients with HSM placed greater emphasis on the benefits of PA/exercise regardless of apathy and dislike. Lack of time and health problems were commonly reported in both groups. The volume of PA/exercise corresponded to motivation levels, but there were some unique cases which arose from active commuting habits and severe health problems. Conclusion : These findings provide insights on how attitudes to perceived barriers to PA/exercise differ by levels of motivation. One insight was that examining motivation should be an essential consideration when designing practical strategies to overcome PA/exercise barriers in patients with T2DM. Lack of time and health problems exist regardless of motivation levels. Future research requires a tailored approach to managing barriers to PA/exercise in patients with T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. International students' self-determined motivation, beliefs about classroom assessment, learning strategies, and academic adjustment in higher education.
- Author
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Cho, Hyun Jin, Levesque-Bristol, Chantal, and Yough, Mike
- Subjects
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ACADEMIC motivation , *STUDENT adjustment , *AUTONOMY (Psychology) , *SELF-determination theory , *CLASSROOM environment , *FOREIGN students , *HIGHER education - Abstract
As an increasing number of international students are studying in English-speaking universities, there has been growing interest in exploring the factors and complexities that impact international students' academic achievement and adaptation during their studies. The present study aimed to investigate how international students adapt to new academic environments in US universities by exploring the relationships between self-determined motivation, beliefs about classroom assessments, the use of self-regulatory learning strategies, and academic performance based on self-determination theory. To examine international students' learning experiences, 321 international Asian undergraduate students at a large research-intensive midwestern university participated in an online survey. Structural equation modeling was conducted to test the proposed model. The findings demonstrated that self-determined motivation in courses led to adaptive beliefs about classroom assessments, which promoted a variety of self-regulatory learning strategies, including shallow and metacognitive strategies. Metacognitive learning strategies were significantly related to students' academic performance. This study allows us to better understand how Asian international students adapt to US academic environments through their motivation to learn, perspectives about classroom assessments, and learning strategies across different academic disciplines at the university level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. HOPE AS SELF-DETERMINED MOTIVATION.
- Author
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Mikhaylova, Alla
- Subjects
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SELF-determination theory , *NEED (Psychology) , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *HOPE , *GOAL (Psychology) , *AUTONOMY (Psychology) - Abstract
The study deals with the discourse of hope. It is stated that hope is a person’s goal-directed thinking, highlighting the motivated aspiration of objectives. The term “hope” was defined as self-determined motivation. Because hope is assumed to be a positive cognitive state based on a sense of successful goal-directed determination and planning to meet these goals, acmeological approach should be applied to the motivation forming. It is believed that to be in acme means to be at the highest level of hope implementation. The author refers to self-determination theory which states that students are motivated to grow and change as well as to be able to become self-determined by psychological needs: fulfillment of competence, connection, and autonomy. It is concluded that one should know how to transform the motivation into self-determined action that is important for both educators and students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
12. Motivation in sport and exercise: a comparison between the BRSQ and BREQ.
- Author
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Rodrigues, F, Macedo, R, Teixeira, DS, Cid, L, and Monteiro, D
- Subjects
SPORTS psychology ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,SELF-determination theory ,EXERCISE - Abstract
This study aimed to test whether the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire and the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire can measure the same constructs in an equivalent manner. Advanced statistical procedures were used to examine if these scales could be interchangeably applied to the sport and the exercise context. In total, 2256 individuals (athletes = 1099; exercisers = 1157) completed translated and validated questionnaires measuring all types of motivation based on Self-Determination Theory. Several measurement models were tested, such as confirmatory factor models, exploratory structural equation models, and bifactor specifications. The exploratory structural equation modelling approach provided the best fit to the data in both groups. Multigroup analysis was performed within samples and between athletes and exercisers. Measurement model invariance was confirmed between samples from the same context; however, it did not achieve equivalence between scales. We hope this examination of context invariance analysis using specific validated scales can further help advance conceptual understanding of the measurement in sport and exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Midiendo la motivación auto-determinada hacia la educación física en la escolaridad obligatoria.
- Author
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Navarro-Patón, Rubén, Lago-Ballesteros, Joaquín, and Arufe-Giraldez, Víctor
- Subjects
- *
PHYSICAL education , *ACADEMIC motivation , *PRIMARY education , *COMPULSORY education , *SECONDARY education , *SELF-determination theory - Abstract
This research aim was to determine what happens to motivation during compulsory schooling. 743 students from Primary (n = 311) and Secondary School (n = 432) participated: 333 boys and 420 girls; Maged = 12.99, SD = 2.07. Statistically significant differences were found in the educational stage factor in Intrinsic Motivation (IM) (p < .001), Identified Regulation (IdR) (p < .001), Introyected Regulation (InR) (p = .004); In age factor in IM (p < .001), IdR (p < .001); External Regulation (ER) (p = .005) and Demotivacion (Dem) (p < .001). In gender factor in IM (p = .005) and IdR (p = .007). The evidences found showed a decrease of MI in the passage from primary to secondary, as these variables are higher in boys than in girls. The opposite occurs with the RE and the Dem. Based on these results, we must reflect on the teaching practice and methodology used at both educational stages, because IM should prevail towards an activity if we want to promote adherence to physical activity and sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
14. Can We Motivate Students to Practice Physical Activities and Sports Through Models-Based Practice? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Psychosocial Factors Related to Physical Education
- Author
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Manuel Jacob Sierra-Díaz, Sixto González-Víllora, Juan Carlos Pastor-Vicedo, and Guillermo Felipe López-Sánchez
- Subjects
self-determination theory ,self-determined motivation ,flow state ,basic psychological needs (BPNs) ,physical education engagement ,child psychological development ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Adults (more than 18 years old) are likely to reproduce the habits that they acquired during childhood and adolescence (from 6 to 16 years old). For that reason, teachers and parents have the responsibility to promote an active and healthy lifestyle in children and adolescents. Even though every school subject should promote healthy activities, Physical Education (PE) is the most important subject to foster well-being habits associated to healthy lifestyle during sport practice and other kinds of active tasks. Indeed, there are many factors that influence the acquisition of healthy habits that should be taken into account when programs and activities are implemented in both educational and extracurricular context. In this sense, psychological and social factors are of utmost importance to achieve optimal experiences for an active and healthy lifestyle. However, due to the myriad of studies analyzing different factors in different contexts, there could be confusion when programs and pedagogical strategies are applied in educational or extracurricular contexts. The objective of this investigation is to analyse the state of art of the psychosocial factors which influence the engagement in physical activities and sport practice. The keywords used in this review were mainly: “Self-Determination Theory,” “(intrinsic) motivation,” “Psychological need satisfaction,” “physical activity and sport engagement,” “Elementary Education,” “Secondary Education,” “Physical Education.” In addition, the Boolean data type “and,” “or,” and “not” were also used. The articles were selected according to the following criteria: (a) peer-reviewed original research published in international journals indexed in JCR or SJR, (b) published in English or Spanish, (c) about psychosocial factors which influence the physical activity and sport engagement, (d) in educational or extracurricular context. Research articles selected were found through Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, SportDiscus (EBSCO-host), ERIC, PubMed, Medline, and PsycInfo databases. It was observed that physical activities and sport practice engagement are closely related to psychological factors. In particularly, intrinsic motivation was able to determine the active participation in any activity, including physical activity and sport practice during the implementation of Small-Sided Games and other kinds of pedagogical strategies (e.g., Pedagogical Models). Motivation was also closely related to flow state. Finally, these variables should be considered in order to organize effective programs to promote an active and healthy lifestyle in Physical Education classes.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Factors Affecting the Teachers' Use of Motivational Strategies in the Physical Education Class.
- Author
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Chee Keng John Wang and Tan, Teck Min Abigail
- Subjects
PHYSICAL education teachers ,SELF-determination theory ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,WORK environment ,CLASSROOMS - Abstract
The purpose of the current study is to examine the factors influencing Physical Education (PE) teachers' use of motivational strategies in the PE classes. Using Self-Determination Theory (SDT; Deci, Ryan, 1985a) as a theoretical framework, this study determines if teachers' autonomous causality orientation, perceived job pressure and perceptions of student selfdetermined motivation, need satisfaction and self-determined motivation predict PE teachers' use of the motivational strategies that facilitate competence, autonomy and relatedness. A total of 101 PE teachers took part in the study. The results of the hierarchical multiple regression found that teachers' autonomous causality orientation, their perceptions of student self-determined motivation, need satisfaction and self-determined motivation, were positive and significant predictors of teachers' use of motivational strategies the PE classroom. The perceptions of job pressure did not predict the use of motivational strategies among the PE teachers in Singapore. Overall, the results showed the three step regression models predicted a total of 38 % variance in teachers' use of motivational strategies in the PE classroom. Therefore, it is important to take into consideration the provision of a working environment for PE teachers where their needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness are facilitated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Can We Motivate Students to Practice Physical Activities and Sports Through Models-Based Practice? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Psychosocial Factors Related to Physical Education.
- Author
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Sierra-Díaz, Manuel Jacob, González-Víllora, Sixto, Pastor-Vicedo, Juan Carlos, and López-Sánchez, Guillermo Felipe
- Subjects
PHYSICAL education ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,PHYSICAL activity ,PSYCHOLOGICAL factors ,META-analysis ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) - Abstract
Adults (more than 18 years old) are likely to reproduce the habits that they acquired during childhood and adolescence (from 6 to 16 years old). For that reason, teachers and parents have the responsibility to promote an active and healthy lifestyle in children and adolescents. Even though every school subject should promote healthy activities, Physical Education (PE) is the most important subject to foster well-being habits associated to healthy lifestyle during sport practice and other kinds of active tasks. Indeed, there are many factors that influence the acquisition of healthy habits that should be taken into account when programs and activities are implemented in both educational and extracurricular context. In this sense, psychological and social factors are of utmost importance to achieve optimal experiences for an active and healthy lifestyle. However, due to the myriad of studies analyzing different factors in different contexts, there could be confusion when programs and pedagogical strategies are applied in educational or extracurricular contexts. The objective of this investigation is to analyse the state of art of the psychosocial factors which influence the engagement in physical activities and sport practice. The keywords used in this review were mainly: "Self-Determination Theory," "(intrinsic) motivation," "Psychological need satisfaction," "physical activity and sport engagement," "Elementary Education," "Secondary Education," "Physical Education." In addition, the Boolean data type "and," "or," and "not" were also used. The articles were selected according to the following criteria: (a) peer-reviewed original research published in international journals indexed in JCR or SJR, (b) published in English or Spanish, (c) about psychosocial factors which influence the physical activity and sport engagement, (d) in educational or extracurricular context. Research articles selected were found through Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, SportDiscus (EBSCO-host), ERIC, PubMed, Medline, and PsycInfo databases. It was observed that physical activities and sport practice engagement are closely related to psychological factors. In particularly, intrinsic motivation was able to determine the active participation in any activity, including physical activity and sport practice during the implementation of Small-Sided Games and other kinds of pedagogical strategies (e.g., Pedagogical Models). Motivation was also closely related to flow state. Finally, these variables should be considered in order to organize effective programs to promote an active and healthy lifestyle in Physical Education classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Examining sexual motivation profiles and their correlates using latent profile analysis.
- Author
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Tóth-Király, István, Vallerand, Robert J., Bőthe, Beáta, Rigó, Adrien, and Orosz, Gábor
- Subjects
- *
LIBIDO , *SEXUAL excitement , *SELF-determination theory , *YOUNG adults - Abstract
According to self-determination theory, sexual motivations are cardinal in relation to sexual well-being and functioning. Despite that motivations are thought to occur in combination instead of separately, this proposition has not been explicitly tested in relation to sexual motivations. To address this issue, the present two-study investigation examined the simultaneous cooccurrence of multiple sexual motivations on distinct samples of young adults (N 1 = 679, N 2 = 632) using the novel latent profile analysis. To document the validity of the profiles and the positive and negative aspects of sexuality, theoretically-relevant correlates were also included from inside (sexual passion, sexual satisfaction, positive and negative emotions during sex) and outside (problematic pornography use and life satisfaction) the realm of partnered sexuality. Four highly similar profiles were identified across the two studies: (1) highly self-determined, (2) moderately self-determined, (3) moderately non-self-determined, and (4) highly non-self-determined. These profiles differed from one another on most, but not all, correlates with the more self-determined profiles being associated with more positive correlates. These results contribute to a better understanding of one's underlying sexual motivations by highlighting the importance of simultaneously considering these motivations in regard to sexual well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. The Confounding Role of Basic Needs Satisfaction Between Self-Determined Motivation and Well-Being.
- Author
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Lombas, Andrés S. and Esteban, Miguel Ángel
- Subjects
- *
SELF-determination theory , *AUTONOMY (Psychology) , *STUDENTS , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *SATISFACTION - Abstract
In this study three different theories grounded on Self-determination macro-theory (Basic Psychological Needs Theory, Organismic Integration Theory, and Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation) were combined into a single structural model to evaluate its goodness-of-fit to empirical data. It consisted on a model where basic psychological needs satisfaction was associated directly to well-being, and indirectly through the mediation of self-determined motivation. Since in this model the satisfaction of basic psychological needs would predict positively both self-determined motivation and well-being, basic psychological needs is considered to function as a confounding variable. The participants of the study consisted of 673 Spanish secondary education students (334 girls and 339 boys) with a mean age of 14.0 years (SD = 1.4). The model was confirmed partially. Direct associations between basic psychological needs satisfaction and psychological consequences were found and in the expected directionality. On the contrary, indirect associations between basic psychological needs satisfaction and psychological consequences were found, but generally with the opposite expected directionality. The sign of these indirect associations depended on whether components involved on the associations (basic psychological needs satisfaction, self-determined motivation and psychological consequences) were measured at the same or at different levels. Finally, the results found evidence of the confounding role of basic psychological needs between self-determined motivation and psychological consequences. Implications of these results for Basic Psychological Needs Theory, Organismic Integration Theory, and Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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19. How perceptions of organizational politics influence self-determined motivation: The mediating role of work mood.
- Author
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Hsiu-Tsu Cho and Jen-Shou Yang
- Subjects
OFFICE politics ,SENSORY perception ,SELF-determination theory ,MENTAL depression ,ANXIETY ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) - Abstract
The relationship between perceptions of organizational politics (POPs) and self-determined work motivation has yet to be understood rigorously. Drawing on self-determination theory, affective events theory, and emotion-associated theories, we propose (1) that organizational politics is a crucial factor affecting self-determined motivation in organizations and (2) that work mood (e.g. anxiety and depression) is a psychological mediator affected by POPs and affecting self-determined motivation. We tested the model by using a Taiwanese sample of considerable variability in gender, hierarchical level, and tenure. Analysis results indicate that POPs diminish intrinsic motivation, autonomous extrinsic motivation, and controlled extrinsic motivation, but increase amotivation. Anxiety is a partial mediator in the POPseintrinsic motivation, POPseautonomous extrinsic motivation, and POPsecontrolled extrinsic motivation relationships, but anxiety does not mediate the relationship between POPs and amotivation. In contrast, depression is a partial mediator in the POPseintrinsic motivation and POPseamotivation relationships, and it is a complete mediator in the POPseautonomous extrinsic motivation and POPs econtrolled extrinsic motivation relationships. Given that work motivation is an important determinant of employee work behaviors; our results specify a possible link between POPs and employee outcomes. The distinct mediating roles of anxiety and depression in the POPs-work motivation relationships imply that different types of political behavior might induce distinctive work moods that produce divergent organizational outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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20. Exercise Motivation and Social Physique Anxiety In Adolescents
- Author
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Alvaro Sicilia, Piedad Sáenz-Alvarez, David González-Cutre, and Roberto Ferriz
- Subjects
self-determination theory ,basic psychological needs ,self-determined motivation ,exercise ,adolescence ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Based on self-determination theory (SDT), the goal of this study was to analyze the relation between satisfaction of basic psychological needs, types of motivation to exercise, and social physique anxiety (SPA). Participants in the study were 398 secondary education students, aged between 12 and 19 years, who completed questionnaires that measured the variables of interest. The results of multiple mediation analysis revealed that satisfaction of the need for competence negatively predicted SPA, both directly and indirectly through the mediation of integrated, identified, and external regulations. Introjected regulation also positively predicted SPA. Gender and body mass index (BMI) affected the relationships analyzed and were also shown to predict SPA. The results of this study further our understanding of the motivational process that explains SPA in adolescents within an exercise context, showing the positive influence of perceived competence and types of self-determined motivation to reduce SPA.
- Published
- 2014
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21. A moderated mediation model of job stress, job satisfaction, and turnover intention for airport security screeners.
- Author
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Chung, Eun Kyoung, Jung, Yeseul, and Sohn, Young Woo
- Subjects
- *
JOB stress , *JOB satisfaction , *AIRPORT security measures , *SELF-determination theory , *AIR traffic control - Abstract
Previous research on aviation safety has mainly focused on pilots and air-traffic controllers, with scant attention to airport security screeners. In addition, most studies have examined the factors that influence the performance of X-ray screening. However, for accurate screening, it is important that screeners acquire expertise through real world experience, which can only be gained over a long period. Therefore, the high turnover rate among airport security screeners is a potential threat to aviation safety. We investigate whether job stress influences screeners' turnover intention and whether job satisfaction mediates this relationship. Also, we examine whether the individual’s motivation level moderates this mediation model by conducting a moderated mediation analysis. We find that high job stress is associated with low job satisfaction, which in turn predicts higher turnover intention. Furthermore, the effects of such a mediation model were significantly larger among security screeners with high self-determined motivation than those with low self-determined motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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22. Educación Deportiva versus Enseñanza Tradicional: Influencia sobre la regulación motivacional en alumnado de Bachillerato.
- Author
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Burgueño, R., Medina-Casaubón, J., Morales-Ortiz, E., Cueto-Martín, B., and Sánchez-Gallardo, I.
- Abstract
Copyright of Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte is the property of Cuadernos de Psicologia del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
23. Social Physique Anxiety and Intention to Be Physically Active: A Self-Determination Theory Approach.
- Author
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Sicilia, Álvaro, Sáenz-Alvarez, Piedad, González-Cutre, David, and Ferriz, Roberto
- Subjects
- *
SELF-determination theory , *BODY image , *TEENAGERS , *SELF-presentation , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) - Abstract
Purpose: Based on self-determination theory, the purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between social physique anxiety and intention to be physically active, while taking into account the mediating effects of the basic psychological needs and behavioral regulations in exercise. Method: Having obtained parents' prior consent, 390 students in secondary school (218 boys, 172 girls; Mage = 15.10 years, SD = 1.94 years) completed a self-administered questionnaire during physical education class that assessed the target variables. Preliminary analyses included means, standard deviations, and bivariate correlations among the target variables. Next, a path analysis was performed using the maximum likelihood estimation method with the bootstrapping procedure in the statistical package AMOS 19. Results: Analysis revealed that social physique anxiety negatively predicted intention to be physically active through mediation of the basic psychological needs and the 3 autonomous forms of motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation, integrated regulation, and identified regulation). Conclusion: The results suggest that social physique anxiety is an internal source of controlling influence that hinders basic psychological need satisfaction and autonomous motivation in exercise, and interventions aimed at reducing social physique anxiety could promote future exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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24. Testing a sequence of relationships from interpersonal coaching styles to rugby performance, guided by the coach–athlete motivation model.
- Author
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Pope, J. Paige and Wilson, Philip M.
- Subjects
COACH-athlete relationships ,AUTONOMY (Psychology) ,SELF-determination theory ,COACHING (Athletics) ,ATHLETES - Abstract
This study was designed to test a four stage sequence of relationships derived from the coach–athlete motivation model (CAMM; [Mageau, G. A., & Vallerand, R. J. (2003). The coach-athlete relationship: A motivational model.Journal of Sport Sciences,21, 883–904. doi: 10.1080/0264041031000140374]) from interpersonal coaching styles to athletes' basic psychological needs, to self-determined motives, and finally rugby performance. Participants were 221 Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS) female rugby players who ranged from 16 to 33 years of age and reported playing rugby for an average of six years. The athletes completed a self-report questionnaire which included demographics, interpersonal coaching styles, basic psychological needs, self-determined motivation, and performance. An analysis of the structural model yielded the following fit index scores; (χ2(157) = 328.00,p = .000; Comparative Fit Index = .95; Incremental Fit Index = .95; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = .07; Standardised Root Mean Square Residual = .09. The interpersonal coaching styles of autonomy support (β = .66), structure (β = .35), and involvement (β = .44) positively predicted the athletes corresponding needs. However, only autonomy significantly (β = .60) predicted self-determined motivation, while competence (β = .01) and relatedness (β = .07) did not. Finally, self-determined motivation moderately predicted rugby performance (β = .35). These findings provide initial support for propositions offered in the CAMM that the structure and involvement provided by coaches are positively associated with optimising the athletic experience. Furthermore, this study contributes to the existing literature by attempting to replicate previous studies that have examined at least one of the relationships examined in the present investigation using a varied population of female rugby players. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2015
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25. Factores motivacionales relacionados con la agresividad en las artes marciales.
- Author
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Monacis, Lucia, de Palo, Valeria, and Sinatra, Maria
- Subjects
- *
MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *MARTIAL arts , *SPORTS psychology , *SELF-determination theory , *SPORTSMANSHIP , *AGGRESSION (Psychology) - Abstract
This study was aimed at testing a meditational model in which goal orientation, self-determined motivation, and sportspersonship were predictive factors of aggressiveness. Italian martial artists (N = 366; Mage = 29.53, SD = 9.107; Men = 325, Female = 41) were asked to fill in a questionnaire assessing sport orientation, sport motivation, sportspersonship, and aggressiveness. The path analysis supported the hypothesized model: self-determined motivation mediates the relationship between motivational orientations and sportspersonhip, which in turn mediates the relationship between motivation and aggressiveness. The results suggest considering these motivational factors in order to plan interventions to prevent aggressiveness among athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
26. Motivation for gym training in the modernized society : A quantitative cross-sectional study on need satisfaction and motivation in relation to gym training
- Author
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Lebisch, Oscar and Ingman, Tobias
- Subjects
Motivation ,Controlled motivation ,Psykologi ,Self-determined motivation ,Self-Determination Theory ,Gymträning ,Kontrollerad motivation ,Självbestämmandeteorin ,Psychology ,Gym training ,Behovstillfredsställelse ,Need satisfaction ,Självbestämmande motivation - Abstract
Syftet med föreliggande kvantitativa tvärsnittsstudie var att undersöka medierande effekter av självbestämmande respektive kontrollerad motivation kopplat till förhållandet mellan behovstillfredsställelse och träning på gym. Detta baserat på tidigare forskning och med analytisk utgångspunkt i självbestämmandeteorin. I studien deltog 107 personer, varav 47 män och 60 kvinnor, i åldrarna 18-59 år (M=29.2, SD=8.4). Resultatet i studien påvisade att självbestämmande motivation medierar förhållandet mellan behovstillfredsställelse och träning på gym, medan kontrollerad motivation inte gör det. Detta resultat överensstämmer med vad tidigare forskning visat och understryker vikten av självbestämmande motivation ytterligare. Författarna till studien efterlyser mer kvalitativ forskning på ämnet som kan utvinna empiri uttryckt i ord snarare än siffror. The purpose of this study was to investigate mediating effects by self-determined motivation and controlled motivation on the relationship between need satisfaction and gym training. All based on previous research and with the Self-Determination Theory as an analytical standpoint. 107 people participated in the study, of which 47 were men and 60 were women, in ages between 18-59 (M= 29.2, SD=8.4). The result shows that self-determined motivation mediated the relationship between need satisfaction and gym training, while controlled motivation does not. This result correspond with what previous research has shown and emphasizes the importance of self-determined motivation further. The authors of this study calls for qualitative research on this field that can extract empirical data expressed in words rather than numbers.
- Published
- 2021
27. STUDENTS' EVALUATION OF TEACHERS: THROUGH THE LENS OF SELF-DETERMİNATİON THEORY.
- Author
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Khalkhali, Vali
- Subjects
INTRINSIC motivation ,ACADEMIC motivation ,ACADEMIC achievement research ,STUDENT evaluation of teachers ,REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of students' perceived value of schooling, self-determined motivation and academic performance with evaluation of teachers, on the basis of self-determination theory. The subjects were 365 Iranian college students. Questionnaires were used to assess perceived basic psychological needs satisfaction, perceived value of schooling, academic self-regulation, academic performance and evaluation of teacher. The results of regression analysis showed that the perceived basic psychological needs satisfaction and value of schooling and more self-determined forms of motivation in the classrooms predict more positive evaluation of teachers. The results also showed that academic performance couldn't predict students' evaluation of their teachers. The findings highlight the importance of value of schooling in fostering more self determined forms of motivation at university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
28. Factors Related to Rural Young Adolescents' Participation in Outdoor, Noncompetitive Physical Activity.
- Author
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Christiana, Richard W., Davis, Marsha, Wilson, Mark G., McCarty, Frances A., and Green, Gary T.
- Subjects
- *
TEENAGER attitudes , *PHYSICAL activity , *OUTDOOR recreation , *TEAM sports , *SELF-determination theory , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RURAL geography - Abstract
Purpose:Young adolescents who have little interest in participating in competitive team sports are at an increased risk for physical inactivity. Noncompetitive outdoor physical activity can provide young adolescents with increased opportunities to participate in physical activities that appeal to them and have positive health effects. The purpose of this study was to examine factors related to rural young adolescents' participation in noncompetitive outdoor physical activity to inform intervention design.Method:Young adolescents aged 10 to 14 years old (N = 1,032) from 1 rural county completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing constructs from self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) related to noncompetitive outdoor physical activity. Structural equation modeling was used to examine an integrated conceptual model of hypothesized relationships among constructs.Results:The hypothesized conceptual model provided a good fit to the data with greater perceptions of autonomy support and self-determined motivation having statistically significant positive indirect effects on participation in noncompetitive outdoor physical activity mediated by the constructs of the TPB. All direct paths in the model were statistically significant; however, the direct effect of attitudes on intention was weak (.08) and self-determined motivation had no indirect effect on intention through attitudes (.03).Conclusions:Constructs of SDT and TPB should be accounted for by interventions targeting noncompetitive outdoor physical activity among young adolescents. More research is needed to determine young adolescents' preferences for noncompetitive and competitive physical activity and the potential influence that noncompetitive outdoor physical activity may have on total daily physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Motivos de los ciudadanos para realizar ejercicio físico: un estudio desde la teoría de la autodeterminación.
- Author
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Sicilia, Álvaro, Artés, Eva M., Orta, Antonio, Casimiro, Antonio J., Ferriz, Roberto, and González-Cutre, David
- Subjects
- *
EXERCISE & psychology , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *CITY dwellers , *SELF-determination theory , *SOCIOLOGY ,SOCIAL aspects - Abstract
Based on self-determination theory, the objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between the reasons for exercise and its reported weekly frequency in a representative sample of an adult urban population. A total of 918 inhabitants, aged between 16 and 89, participated in this study answering the Spanish version of the Exercise Motivations Inventory-2 (EMI-2) and reporting on their exercise frequency. Controlling for the influence of age and gender, multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed that participants who reported the highest exercise frequency had the highest score on both self-determined and controlling exercise motives, except the ill-health avoidance motive. The results support propositions of self-determination theory, and suggest that citizens may internalize exercise behaviour as they become more physically active. However, the results also suggest that some controlling motives are pertinent to exercise. Decision makers of the local sport policy should look into suitable ways of combining both controlling motives and more internalized motives in order to produce long lasting exercise adherence in citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Barriers to the Practice of Sport and Physical Activity from the Perspective of Self-Determination Theory
- Author
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Daniel Gil-Píriz, Ruth Jiménez-Castuera, Sara Mesquita, and Marta Leyton-Román
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,Geography, Planning and Development ,TJ807-830 ,Frustration ,Physical exercise ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,TD194-195 ,sport and physical activity ,Renewable energy sources ,Competence (law) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,GE1-350 ,Self-determination theory ,media_common ,frustrated basic psychological needs ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Amotivation ,05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,050301 education ,self-determined motivation ,030229 sport sciences ,Building and Construction ,Environmental sciences ,barriers to practice ,Scale (social sciences) ,Anxiety ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
The practice of sport and physical activity can be hampered by the presence of amotivation, the frustration of basic psychological needs, and barriers to carrying out that practice. Based on the principles of self-determination theory (SDT), the objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of these variables and assess differences based on age, sex, residential independence, academic/employment situation, and prior sport and physical activity. The sample comprised 102 individuals, aged between 18 and 25 (M = 21.61, SD = 2.04), who completed the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire, the Frustration of Psychological Needs in Physical Exercise Scale, and the Self-Perceived Barriers of Physical Activity Questionnaire. Our results showed that participants had high values of controlled motivation, the frustration of the basic psychological need for competence, and high values for the barrier of obligations/lack of time. We found a significant and positive association between the frustration of the basic psychological need for competence and the barriers present in the practice of physical activity. Moreover, we found that women reported experiencing body image/anxiety as a barrier to practicing sport and physical activity more than men and individuals aged 22–25 years experiencing obligations/lack of time as a barrier more than the those aged 18 to 21 years. Practical applications were proposed to avoid the frustration of basic psychological needs, increase the most self-determined forms of motivation, and reduce barriers to the practice of sport and physical activity.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Preventing occupational injury among police officers: does motivation matter?
- Author
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Martin S. Hagger, Derwin K. C. Chan, D. Webb, Richard M. Ryan, Sophie Xin Yang, Nikos Ntoumanis, and T. Tang
- Subjects
self-regulation ,safety ,Adult ,Male ,China ,Psychometrics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Occupational injury ,itsesääntely ,työturvallisuus ,Occupational safety and health ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,health behaviour ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Injury prevention ,medicine ,poliisit (ammatit) ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,ta515 ,Self-determination theory ,media_common ,motivaatio ,Response rate (survey) ,Motivation ,behavioural compliance ,työterveys ,Amotivation ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Theory of planned behavior ,self-determined motivation ,ta3142 ,030229 sport sciences ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Occupational Injuries ,policing ,Police ,Attitude ,terveyskäyttäytyminen ,Female ,Worry ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Background: Injury prevention is an important issue for police officers, but the effectiveness of prevention initiatives is dependent on officers’ motivation toward, and adherence to, recommended health and safety guidelines. Aims: To understand effects of police officers’ motivation to prevent occupational injury on beliefs about safety and adherence to injury prevention behaviours. Methods: Full-time police officers completed a survey comprising validated psychometric scales to assess autonomous, controlled and amotivated forms of motivation (Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire), behavioural adherence (Self-reported Treatment Adherence Scale) and beliefs (Safety Attitude Questionnaire) with respect to injury prevention behaviours. Results: There were 207 participants; response rate was 87%. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses demonstrated that autonomous motivation was positively related to behavioural adherence, commitment to safety and prioritizing injury prevention. Controlled motivation was a positive predictor of safety communication barriers. Amotivation was positively associated with fatalism regarding injury prevention, safety violation and worry. Conclusions: These findings are consistent with the tenets of self-determination theory in that autonomous motivation was a positive predictor of adaptive safety beliefs and adherence to injury prevention behaviours.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Can We Motivate Students to Practice Physical Activities and Sports Through Models-Based Practice? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Psychosocial Factors Related to Physical Education
- Author
-
Guillermo F. López-Sánchez, Manuel Jacob Sierra-Díaz, Juan Carlos Pastor-Vicedo, and Sixto González-Víllora
- Subjects
flow state ,Self-determination motivation ,self-determination theory ,lcsh:BF1-990 ,Primary education ,Context (language use) ,Physical education engagement ,050105 experimental psychology ,Developmental psychology ,Physical education ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,child psychological development ,basic psychological needs (BPNs) ,General Psychology ,Self-determination theory ,Child psychological development ,05 social sciences ,autonomy-supportive climate ,self-determined motivation ,physical education engagement ,Active participation ,lcsh:Psychology ,Basic psychological needs (BPNs) ,Flow state ,Meta-analysis ,State of art ,Autonomy-supportive climate ,Systematic Review ,Models-based practice ,Psychosocial ,models-based practice ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Adults (more than 18 years old) are likely to reproduce the habits that they acquired during childhood and adolescence (from 6 to 16 years old). For that reason, teachers and parents have the responsibility to promote an active and healthy lifestyle in children and adolescents. Even though every school subject should promote healthy activities, Physical Education (PE) is the most important subject to foster well-being habits associated to healthy lifestyle during sport practice and other kinds of active tasks. Indeed, there are many factors that influence the acquisition of healthy habits that should be taken into account when programs and activities are implemented in both educational and extracurricular context. In this sense, psychological and social factors are of utmost importance to achieve optimal experiences for an active and healthy lifestyle. However, due to the myriad of studies analyzing different factors in different contexts, there could be confusion when programs and pedagogical strategies are applied in educational or extracurricular contexts. The objective of this investigation is to analyse the state of art of the psychosocial factors which influence the engagement in physical activities and sport practice. The keywords used in this review were mainly: “Self-Determination Theory,” “(intrinsic) motivation,” “Psychological need satisfaction,” “physical activity and sport engagement,” “Elementary Education,” “Secondary Education,” “Physical Education.” In addition, the Boolean data type “and,” “or,” and “not” were also used. The articles were selected according to the following criteria: (a) peer-reviewed original research published in international journals indexed in JCR or SJR, (b) published in English or Spanish, (c) about psychosocial factors which influence the physical activity and sport engagement, (d) in educational or extracurricular context. Research articles selected were found through Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, SportDiscus (EBSCO-host), ERIC, Sierra-Díaz et al. Psychosocial Variables in Models-Based Practice PubMed, Medline, and PsycInfo databases. It was observed that physical activities and sport practice engagement are closely related to psychological factors. In particularly, intrinsic motivation was able to determine the active participation in any activity, including physical activity and sport practice during the implementation of Small-Sided Games and other kinds of pedagogical strategies (e.g., Pedagogical Models). Motivation was also closely related to flow state. Finally, these variables should be considered in order to organize effective programs to promote an active and healthy lifestyle in Physical Education classes.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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33. Basic Psychological Needs and Self-Determined Motivation as Drivers of Voluntary Simplistic Clothing Consumption Practices in South Africa
- Author
-
Hanri Taljaard and Nadine Cynthia Sonnenberg
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,self-determination theory ,lcsh:TJ807-830 ,Geography, Planning and Development ,lcsh:Renewable energy sources ,Computer-assisted web interviewing ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,01 natural sciences ,structural equation modeling ,Sustainable clothing ,well-being ,0502 economics and business ,Marketing ,Emerging markets ,Competence (human resources) ,voluntary simplicity ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,Self-determination theory ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,lcsh:GE1-350 ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,lcsh:Environmental effects of industries and plants ,05 social sciences ,self-determined motivation ,Clothing ,sustainability ,lcsh:TD194-195 ,clothing consumption ,Well-being ,basic psychological needs ,050211 marketing ,Psychology ,business ,Autonomy - Abstract
Consumers&rsquo, clothing consumption is the cause of many social and environmental consequences, especially in emerging economies where consumption continues to escalate. It is therefore vital that consumers adopt more voluntary simplistic lifestyles with sustainable clothing practices. This study relies on the self-determination theory to explore the influence of basic psychological needs (i.e., competence, autonomy, and connectedness) and self-determined motivation (i.e., identified- and integrated regulation as well as intrinsic motivation) on female consumers&rsquo, voluntary simplistic clothing practices. Data were derived from 469 online questionnaires and structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypotheses. Competence was identified as the most influential basic psychological need, followed by the need for connectedness and autonomy. Moreover, intrinsic motivation is the strongest predictor of voluntary simplistic clothing practices, while integrated regulation is deemed insignificant and identified regulation has a negative association with the practices in question. In summary, it would seem that female consumers are keen on adopting voluntary simplistic clothing behaviors. This may be due to their intrinsic motivation and competence rather than their exposure to extrinsic influences. This study provides valuable insight into the motivational determinants of voluntary simplistic clothing consumption in South Africa and may thus serve as a platform for further investigation into other emerging markets.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The Effect of Coaches’ Controlling Style on the Competitive Anxiety of Young Athletes
- Author
-
Miquel Torregrosa, Yago Ramis, Carme Viladrich, and Jaume Cruz
- Subjects
Mediation (statistics) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Poison control ,050109 social psychology ,Context (language use) ,structural equation modeling ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,interpersonal style ,medicine ,Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,General Psychology ,Self-determination theory ,media_common ,Original Research ,biology ,Athletes ,05 social sciences ,self-determined motivation ,030229 sport sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Somatic anxiety ,Anxiety ,Worry ,medicine.symptom ,sports ,human activities ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Framed on a Self-Determination Theory perspective, the purpose of this study was to explore the predictive capacity of coaches’ interpersonal controlling style on the competitive anxiety of young athletes, considering the mediating effect of the athletes’ controlled motivation on this relationship. The sample consisted of 1166 athletes, aged between 9 and 18, who ranked their perceptions of coaches’ controlling style, as well as the reasons for participating in sport and their competitive anxiety before or during competition. The structural models assessing both the direct effect of the controlling style on the anxiety and the complete mediated effect of the controlled motivation on this relationship revealed good fit indices. However, a significant difference of the chi-square was obtained when comparing these models to the partial mediation model, providing evidence of this last model to be more adequate to describe the relationship between coaches’ controlling style and athletes’ competitive anxiety. Positive significant effects of coach controlling style on Somatic Anxiety (βCS-SA = .21, p < 0.001) Worry (βCS-W = .14, p < 0.001) and Concentration Disruption (βCS-CD = .30; p < 0.001) were found indicating that coach controlling style could be an antecedent for athletes’ anxiety in a direct way. Although this style also predicts athletes’ motivation to participate, this indirect path seems to predict competitive anxiety in a less clear way. We discuss our results facing them up to Vallerand’s hierarchical model postulates, focusing on the relevant influence of coaches on the young athletes’ experience in the sport context.
- Published
- 2017
35. Klimatsmart mat i Malmö
- Author
-
Källgarn, Olov and Jensen, Björn
- Subjects
vegan ,behavior change ,food ,self-determination theory ,vegetarian ,plant-based food ,Social Sciences ,Samhällsvetenskap ,climate smart ,self-determined motivation ,climate psychology - Abstract
Malmö vill enligt sitt eget miljöprogram vara “Sveriges klimatsmartaste stad”. Alla livsmedel som köps in av kommunen ska vara ekologiska, och klimatgasutsläppen från maten ha minskat med 40% före utgången av 2020. Det ekologiska målet ser ut att kunna nås, men klimatgasutsläppen har endast gått ner med 15% i skrivande stund. Staden driver nu en ny satsning för att klara målsättningen. Denna undersökning granskar det förfarande som Malmö stads miljöförvaltning tagit fram och sätter det i relation till forskning om klimatkommunikation och beteendeförändring. Det är vanligt att utvärderingar av utbildningar fokuserar på deltagarnas attityd till utbildningen, istället för de beteendeförändringar som utbildningen uppmanar till. Genom gruppintervjuer med utbildare och projektdeltagare, samt innehållsanalys av utbildningsmaterialet söker undersökningen svar på frågan: leder miljöförvaltningens utbildning till ett förändrat beteende hos utbildningens målgrupp? Även om vi utifrån respondenterna kan konstatera att få konkreta förändringar hittills har skett i verksamheterna, har vi kunnat identifiera hinder, förbättringsåtgärder och kartlägga hur deltagarna på olika sätt förhåller sig till utbildningarna och till målet. Vi konstaterar att metoden för hur satsningen ska bedrivas inte använder sig av ett teoretiskt ramverk eller är konsekvent förankrad i vetenskap. Vi konstaterar att kommunen har en stark position för att verkliggöra miljövänligt beteende hos sina anställda, men att kommunen underutnyttjar potentialen. Konsekvenser och möjligheter diskuteras. Malmö, according to its own environmental program, wants to be "Sweden's most climate friendly city". All food purchased from the municipality should be organic and the greenhouse gas emissions should decreased by 40% by the end of 2020. The ecological target seems to be achievable, but climate emissions have only fallen by 15% at the time of writing. The city is now running a new venture to meet the goals. This study examines the procedure developed by Malmö City Environmental Management in relation to research on climate communication and behavioral change.It is common for evaluations of education to focus on the attitudes of the participants, rather than the behavioral changes that the education encourages. Through group interviews with educators and project participants, as well as content analysis of the educational material, the survey seeks to answer the question: Does the management of the environmental administration lead to a change in behavior in the education target group?Even though, according to the respondents, few changes have taken place so far, we have been able to identify obstacles, improvement measures and map how the participants relate to the education and the goal in different ways. We note thatthe method of conducting the venture does not use a theoretical framework or is consistently rooted in science. We note that the municipality has a strong position to realize environmentally friendly behavior among its employees, but that the municipality underuses the potential. Consequences and opportunities is discussed.
- Published
- 2017
36. Sport Education versus Traditional Teaching: Infuence on motivational regulation in High School students
- Author
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Burgueño, R., Medina-Casaubón, J., Morales-Ortiz, E., Cueto-Martín, B., and Sánchez-Gallardo, I.
- Subjects
regulação da conduta ,Physical Education teaching ,Self-Determination Theory ,Instrucción deportiva ,motivación ,3 - Ciencias sociales::37 - Educación. Enseñanza. Formación. Tiempo libre [CDU] ,self-determined motivation ,ensino da Educação Física ,modelo de instrucción deportiva ,Teoria da Autodeterminação ,motivation ,Educação física ,motivación autodeterminada ,Teoría de la Autodeterminación ,motivação autodeterminada ,Physical education ,enseñanza de la Educación Física ,7 Bellas artes::79 - Diversiones. Espectáculos. Cine. Teatro. Danza. Juegos.Deportes [CDU] ,Instrução desportiva ,Educación física ,sport instruction model ,modelo de instrução desportiva ,Sport instruction - Abstract
El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el impacto de una intervención basada en el Modelo de Educación Deportiva (MED), en comparación con el Modelo de Enseñanza Tradicional (MET), sobre la regulación motivacional en alumnado de bachillerato en clase de Educa- ción Física. Participó un total de 44 estudiantes (22 hombres y 22 muje- res, Medad = 16.32, DT = 0.57) de bachillerato. El diseño fue un estudio cuasi-experimental con medidas pre- y post-test y comparaciones intra- e inter-grupo. El programa de intervención consistió en 12 sesiones para la enseñanza del baloncesto, siguiéndose las directrices recomendadas por la literatura tanto para el grupo MED como para el grupo MET. Los resulta- dos han indicado que el MED, respecto al MET, mejoró signifcativamente el nivel de motivación intrínseca y de regulación identifcada. Los hallazgos también han mostrado como el MED redujo signifcativamente el nivel de regulación externa y desmotivación comparado con el MET. Como conclu- sión, el MED es un modelo de enseñanza deportiva que favorece el desa- rrollo de las regulaciones de motivación más autodeterminadas (motivación intrínseca y regulación identifcada) en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el contexto escolar, lo que podría suscitar el interés en el alumnado por la práctica deportiva de modo regular en el tiempo libre. ABSTRACTC: : Te objective of this research was to examine the infuence of an intervention based on Sport Education Model (SEM), in comparison with Traditional Teaching Model (TTM), on motivational regulation in high school students in Physical Education class. A total of 44 high school students (22 men and 22 women, Mage = 16.32, SD = .57) participated. Te design was a quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-test measures and intra- and inter-group analysis. Te intervention consisted of 12 ses- sions for teaching of basketball, following the guidelines recommended by literature both for the SEM group and for the TTM group. Te results have indicated that SEM signifcantly improved the level of intrinsic motivation and of identifed regulation in relation to TTM. Te fndings have also showed that SE has signifcantly reduced the level of external regulation and of amotivation in the students regarding TTM. In conclusion, SEM is a teaching model of sport which encourage the development of the most selfdetermined regulations of motivation (intrinsic motivation and identi- fed regulation) in teaching-learning process in school setting, which could arouse the interest of students for regular practice of sport in free time. RESUMO: O objetivo dessa investigação foi analisar o impacto de uma in- tervenção baseada no Modelo de Educação Desportiva (MED), em compa- ração com o Modelo de Ensino Tradicional (MET), sobre a regulação mo- tivacional de alunos do Ensino Médio em aulas de Educação Física. O total de participantes foi de 44 estudantes (22 homens e 22 mulheres, Midade = 16.32, DT = .57). O desenho do estudo se confgurou como quase-experi- mental com medidas pré - e pós-teste e comparações intra- e inter- grupo. O programa de intervenção consistiu em 12 sessões para o ensino do basquete- bol, seguindo as diretrizes recomendadas pela literatura para o grupo MED e para o grupo MET. Os resultados indicaram que o MED, com relação ao MET, melhorou signifcativamente o nível de motivação intrínseca e de regulação identifcada. As descobertas também mostraram que o MED reduziu signifcativamente o nível de regulação externa e desmotivação comparado com o MET. Como conclusão, o Modelo de Educação Des- portiva é um modelo de ensino desportivo que favorece o desenvolvimento das regulações de motivação mais autodeterminadas (motivação intrínseca e regulação identifcada) no processo de ensino-aprendizagem no contexto escolar, o que poderia suscitar o interesse dos alunos pela prática desportiva de modo regular em seu tempo livre.
- Published
- 2017
37. Basic Psychological Needs and Self-Determined Motivation as Drivers of Voluntary Simplistic Clothing Consumption Practices in South Africa.
- Author
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Taljaard, Hanri and Sonnenberg, Nadine
- Abstract
Consumers' clothing consumption is the cause of many social and environmental consequences, especially in emerging economies where consumption continues to escalate. It is therefore vital that consumers adopt more voluntary simplistic lifestyles with sustainable clothing practices. This study relies on the self-determination theory to explore the influence of basic psychological needs (i.e., competence, autonomy, and connectedness) and self-determined motivation (i.e., identified- and integrated regulation as well as intrinsic motivation) on female consumers' voluntary simplistic clothing practices. Data were derived from 469 online questionnaires and structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypotheses. Competence was identified as the most influential basic psychological need, followed by the need for connectedness and autonomy. Moreover, intrinsic motivation is the strongest predictor of voluntary simplistic clothing practices, while integrated regulation is deemed insignificant and identified regulation has a negative association with the practices in question. In summary, it would seem that female consumers are keen on adopting voluntary simplistic clothing behaviors. This may be due to their intrinsic motivation and competence rather than their exposure to extrinsic influences. This study provides valuable insight into the motivational determinants of voluntary simplistic clothing consumption in South Africa and may thus serve as a platform for further investigation into other emerging markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Exercise Motivation and Social Physique Anxiety In Adolescents
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David González-Cutre, Piedad Sáenz-Alvarez, Roberto Ferriz, and Álvaro Sicilia
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musculoskeletal diseases ,Mediation (statistics) ,Secondary education ,exercise ,self-determination theory ,lcsh:BF1-990 ,Social anxiety ,self-determined motivation ,Developmental psychology ,Exercise motivation ,stomatognathic diseases ,lcsh:Psychology ,basic psychological needs ,medicine ,Anxiety ,adolescence ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Competence (human resources) ,Body mass index ,General Psychology ,Self-determination theory - Abstract
†Based on self-determination theory (SDT), the goal of this study was to analyze the relation between satisfaction of basic psychological needs, types of motivation to exercise, and social physique anxiety (SPA). Participants in the study were 398 secondary education students, aged between 12 and 19 years, who completed questionnaires that measured the variables of interest. The results of multiple mediation analysis revealed that satisfaction of the need for competence negatively predicted SPA, both directly and indirectly through the mediation of integrated, identified, and external regulations. Introjected regulation also positively predicted SPA. Gender and body mass index (BMI) affected the relationships ana lyzed and were also shown to predict SPA. The results of this study further our understanding of the motivational process that explains SPA in adolescents within an exercise context, showing the positive influence of perceived competence and types of self-determined moti vation to reduce SPA. %HOJLFD 3V\FKRORJLFD�
- Published
- 2014
39. Academic and social adjustment of teenagers in social rehabilitation : the role of intrinsic need satisfaction and autonomy support
- Author
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Savard, Audrey and Joussemet, Mireille
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Motivation ,Clinical population ,Academic and social adjustment ,Self-Determination Theory ,Ajustement scolaire et social ,Population clinique ,Satisfaction des besoins intrinsèques ,Internalisation ,Intrinsic need satisfaction ,Théorie de l'Auto-Détermination ,Soutien à l'autonomie ,Self-determined motivation ,Motivation auto-déterminée ,Autonomy support ,Internalization - Abstract
Les études antérieures ont démontré les bénéfices de la satisfaction des besoins intrinsèques et du soutien à l’autonomie dans le domaine de l’éducation. Or, l’applicabilité des tenants principaux de la Théorie de l’Auto-Détermination (TAD; Deci & Ryan, 2000) n’a pas été investiguée auprès d’une population clinique d’adolescents. L’objectif de cette thèse doctorale est de faire la lumière sur la façon dont l'adaptation scolaire et sociale peut être favorisée par les agents de socialisation dans le contexte de la réadaptation sociale. Cette thèse est composée de deux études s’intéressant à l’application des tenants clés de la TAD auprès de deux échantillons d’adolescents vivant des problèmes d’adaptation et recevant des services d’éducation spécialisée et de réadaptation sociale. Les relations entre les concepts motivationnels de base sont étudiés afin de déterminer si, comme la TAD le propose, la satisfaction des besoins intrinsèques des jeunes peut être soutenue par le style interpersonnel des agents de socialisation (c.-à-d., le soutien à l’autonomie, l’implication et la structure). Il est aussi vérifié si ces concepts motivationnels améliorent la motivation ainsi que d’autres conséquences qui résultent de leur expérience, proposées par la TAD. La première étude a évalué si le style interpersonnel des enseignants peut favoriser la satisfaction des besoins des élèves, leur style de motivationl, tout comme leur ajustement scolaire. Les élèves en difficulté d’adaptation (N = 115) inscrits aux écoles internes des Centres de Réadaptation en raison de leurs problématiques émotionnelles et comportementales ont rempli les questionnaires à deux reprises, au début et à la fin de l’année scolaire. Les analyses de modèles d’équations structurelles révèlent que l’augmentation du soutien à l’autonomie et de l’implication (mais pas de la structure) des enseignants pendant l’année est associée à une augmentation de la satisfaction des besoins des élèves qui, conséquemment, conduit à une motivation scolaire plus auto-déterminée et à une diminution d’intentions de décrochage à la fin de l’année scolaire. De plus, l’amélioration de la satisfaction des besoins mène directement à une meilleure expérience affective à l’école. La deuxième étude consiste en une recherche expérimentale conduite auprès d’adolescentes en difficulté d’adaptation (N = 29). Le devis expérimental a permis de comparer l’impact de la présence (c. absence) du soutien à l’autonomie sur l’internalisation d’une tâche et sur les conséquences motivationnelles et expérientielles des jeunes. La tâche, fastidieuse mais importante, consistait à de la résolution de problèmes interpersonnels (activité clinique). Les résultats suggèrent qu’un style interpersonnel soutenant l’autonomie a augmenté la motivation auto-déterminée, la perception de la valeur de la tâche et son appréciation, ainsi que diminué les affects négatifs comparativement à la condition sans soutien à l’autonomie. Les résultats sont discutés en lien avec les implications théoriques et pratiques d’étendre la portée de la TAD à une population clinique d’adolescents aux prises avec des difficultés d’adaptation., Prior studies have demonstrated the benefits of intrinsic need satisfaction and autonomy support in the domain of education. It remains unclear whether the motivational constructs, derived from Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000) are also beneficial for clinical populations. The purpose of this thesis is to shed light on how social and academic adjustment might be promoted by socializing agents in the context of social rehabilitation. This dissertation is composed of two studies investing SDT key tenets within two samples of maladjusted teenagers receiving special education and social rehabilitation services. The relations between key motivational constructs are investigated to determine if, as proposed by SDT, youths’ intrinsic need satisfaction might by promoted by socializing agents’ interpersonal style (i.e., autonomy support, involvement, and structure). It is also predicted that these constructs will lead to motivational and experiential benefits as proposed by SDT. The first study tested whether teachers’ interpersonal style can foster students’ need satisfaction, motivation style, as well as their academic adjustment. Teenagers (N = 115) enrolled in Social Rehabilitation Centers’ special schools for maladjusted youths with severe emotional and behavioral problems completed questionnaires twice, at the beginning and the end of the school year. Structural equation modeling analysis supports a model in which teachers’ improvements in autonomy support and involvement (but not structure) are associated with students’ higher need satisfaction, which in turns leads to self-determined academic motivation and less dropout intentions at the end of the school year. Furthermore, improvement in need satisfaction leads directly to a better affective experience at school. The second study was an experimental research conducted with maladjusted female adolescents (N = 29). The experimental design allowed comparing the impact of learning a tedious, but important clinical workshop with (vs. without) autonomy support on the internalization of the interpersonal problem solving task and positive motivational and experiential outcomes. The results suggest that an autonomy-supportive interpersonal style is beneficial to youths’ experience, leading to higher self-determined motivation, perceived task’s value, task liking as well as less negative affect compared to a condition without autonomy support. Results are discussed along with the theoretical and practical implications of extending the reach of SDT to a clinical population of maladjusted teenagers.
- Published
- 2013
40. Effects of Social Exclusion and Inclusion on Basic Needs Satisfaction, Self-Determined Motivation, the Orientations of Interpersonal Relationships, and Behavioural Self-Regulation
- Author
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Ricard, Nathalie
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Basic psychological needs ,Behavioural self-regulation ,Self-determined motivation ,education ,Social exclusion and inclusion ,High school dropout ,Need to belong theory ,Interpersonal relationships ,Academic motivation ,Self-determination theory - Abstract
How does the satisfaction (or the lack of satisfaction) of the innate need to have meaningful interpersonal relationships affects behavioural self-regulation? How does having/lacking interpersonal relatedness impact one’s perception of future interpersonal relationships? This doctoral dissertation aimed to answer these two fundamental questions by integrating the views of two complementary theories, need to belong theory (NBT; Baumeister & Leary, 1995) and self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000). Using a series of two laboratory experiments and one longitudinal study, this thesis examined the effects of social exclusion and inclusion on satisfaction of basic psychological needs, self-determined motivation, and self-regulation of behaviours. In Study 1 (N=72), social exclusion and inclusion were manipulated in order to examine their effects on the satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs proposed by SDT, that is the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Findings from this first experiment revealed that social exclusion decreases satisfaction of the three needs, whereas social inclusion increases satisfaction of these needs when compared to the control condition. Furthermore, significant differences were found between the exclusion condition and the inclusion condition for the reported levels of satisfaction of the needs for competence and relatedness. The effects of social exclusion and inclusion on basic needs satisfaction were further investigated in Study 2 (N=70); also, the second study examined how self-determined motivation and behavioural self-regulation are affected. More specifically, it tested whether participants’ persistence at a laboratory task, as well as their intentions for a future peer interaction (intentions to compete against a peer participant and intentions to collaborate with a peer participant) are influenced by social exclusion and inclusion, through the meditating effects of basic needs satisfaction and self-determined motivation. The results suggested that social exclusion, via the effects of basic needs and motivation decreases peer collaboration, whereas social inclusion was shown to have an opposite effect on peer collaboration. The effect of condition via the mediating effects of basic needs satisfaction and motivation failed to predict persistence at the task and peer competition. Lastly, Study 3 (N=624) assessed naturally occurring social exclusion and inclusion in a population of junior high school students. This third study investigated the independent contributions of SDT and NBT in the prediction of academic motivation and high school dropout. Peer relatedness, perceived needs support from parents, and perceived needs support from teachers were examined as potential predictors of academic motivation and high school dropout. Findings suggested that peer relatedness plays an important role in the prediction of academic motivation, but, that perceived needs support from parents and perceived needs support from teachers are stronger predictors of that outcome. Results from this study also revealed that peer relatedness contributes to the prediction of high school dropout, beyond what can be explained by academic motivation, perceived needs support from parents, and perceived needs support from teachers. However, perceived needs support from parents was shown to be the most essential predictor of high school dropout. In sum, findings from this doctoral dissertation suggested that social exclusion has detrimental effects on one’s motivation and behavioural self-regulation. In contrast, social inclusion fosters social support which promotes satisfaction of the basic psychological needs, self-determined motivation, and successful self-regulation. This doctoral thesis contributed to the application of SDT and NBT by comparing elements of the two complementary frameworks. It also offered an original contribution to research on social exclusion and inclusion by examining their impacts on self-determined motivation, and basic needs satisfaction, as well as testing them in both the laboratory setting and the natural setting.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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