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The goals, objectives, and structure of the ontology of the Common Digital Space of Scientific Knowledge (CDSSK) are considered. The CDSSK is an integrated information structure that combines state scientific information systems presented on the Internet (the Great Russian Encyclopedia, the National Electronic Library, the State Catalog of Geographical Names, etc.) with industry information systems, databases, and electronic libraries (MathNet, Socionet, Scientific Heritage of Russia, etc.). CDSSK can be considered as an information basis for solving artificial intelligence problems. The article presents the unified structure of the CDSSK ontology developed at the Joint Supercomputer Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences and its modeling on an example of ten subject classes and eight auxiliary classes of objects of the CDSSK universal subspace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this conceptual research was to explain the capabilities, semantic platform and view point of Schema.org to processing and organization of web content objects (data entities) by analytical approach. To collect data documentary analysis was used. The research community included texts and researches related to the field of “structured data” and “Schema.org”. A total of 43 sources, as well as the official website of the “Schema.org” were selected using a purposive sampling method for analysis. The results of the survey showed that Schema.org is a common vocabulary that is used to describe and markup web content objects and create structured data for better processing and organization. It has a certain structure and semantic platform. Its structure is like an ontology for naming the types and properties of content objects, the relationships between types and properties, and the capabilities of describing these properties and relationships. Its semantic platform is adapted by semantic markups such as microformat, microdata, RDFa 1.1, and JSON-LD. The results of the research showed that there are three major approaches to the processing and organizing of content objects in the Schema.org: the ontological, context-oriented, and nesting approaches. Overall research results showed existence of different approaches to Schema.org represents a comprehensive view of the Web content objects while paying attention to improving interoperability with search engines. Also, the production of structured data with such schemata is an important contribution to the realization of semantic web or web of data

The purpose of this conceptual research was to explain the capabilities, semantic platform and view point of Schema.org to processing and organization of web content objects (data entities) by analytical approach. To collect data documentary analysis was used. The research community included texts and researches related to the field of “structured data” and “Schema.org”. A total of 43 sources, as well as the official website of the “Schema.org” were selected using a purposive sampling method for analysis. The results of the survey showed that Schema.org is a common vocabulary that is used to describe and markup web content objects and create structured data for better processing and organization. It has a certain structure and semantic platform. Its structure is like an ontology for naming the types and properties of content objects, the relationships between types and properties, and the capabilities of describing these properties and relationships. Its semantic platform is adapted by semantic markups such as microformat, microdata, RDFa 1.1, and JSON-LD. The results of the research showed that there are three major approaches to the processing and organizing of content objects in the Schema.org: the ontological, context-oriented, and nesting approaches. Overall research results showed existence of different approaches to Schema. org represents a comprehensive view of the Web content objects while paying attention to improving interoperability with search engines. Also, the production of structured data with such schemata is an important contribution to the realization of semantic web or web of data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper identifies and defines standards required for successful e-commerce (EC) platforms. It presents an ontology of standards and applications that can be used to evaluate any EC platform. Current platforms are limited in usefulness and development economy by lack of standards. We describe how the development and use of such standards could help improve EC platforms. We examine the current and emerging platforms and technologies in relation to the proposed ontology including electronic data interchange, e-procurement systems, business-to-business hubs, company WeWeb b sites, electronic business eXtensible markup language, Web services, the semantic Web, and universal business language. We conclude that no individual platform or technology provides complete support for every level of the ontology, and we suggest that combinations of features from various platforms and technologies may be of most value. We conclude that research is needed in three areas: the discovery phase of EC, participant incentives for standardization, and methods of combining useful aspects from different standards bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]