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Start Over Author "Skrypchuk, Lee" Topic situation awareness
6 results on '"Skrypchuk, Lee"'

1. Investigating and characterising the impact of vehicle interfaces on situation awareness

Author

Skrypchuk, Lee, Clarkson, P. John, and Langdon, Patrick

Subjects
629.2, Situation Awareness, Human Machine Interface, Driver Behaviour, System Design, Automotive
Abstract

The modern-day vehicle hosts a complex environment where competing goals challenge the act of driving. Drivers may pursue Non-Driving Related Activities (NDRAs), resulting in multitasking. How NDRAs are achieved will depend upon whether In-Vehicle Information Systems (IVIS) are available. If not, alternative means may be taken that could compromise Driving Related Activity (DRA) performance. Situation Awareness (SA) is central to achieving multiple goals in a dynamic environment. This thesis investigates an Unconstrained approach to designing IVIS to examine how to improve multitasking performance in-vehicle through enhanced driver SA. A combination of theoretical and experimental activities were performed. A literature review in SA theory exposed a lack of detailed consideration for competing goals and task switching. A restated model of SA was proposed to show the impact on Situation Assessment and the Situation Model of the act of multitasking. Using a new methodological approach, a series of simulator experiments then aimed to measure and characterise the effect of increased awareness on task performance when multitasking. The results demonstrated that increased awareness improved task performance, therefore, providing scope for IVIS to achieve the same. Subsequently, by using the model proposed, IVIS concepts were designed to support either the NDRA or DRA, and a simulator experiment was performed. Supporting NDRAs using Contextual Cuing proved successful by reducing the cost of task switching, but impacted overtaking behaviour. Supporting the DRA, while successful for Lane-keeping, did not operate as intended. Drivers were not able to adequately use concurrent feedback due to not achieving a skilled level of behaviour. Finally, increased awareness impacted how a driver manages their attention. Drivers acted more strategically, showing evidence for dynamic compensatory metacognition. Therefore, by using SA to understand the vehicle environment, in detail, and taking an Unconstrained approach to IVIS design, improved in-vehicle multitasking performance can be achieved.

Published
2020
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2. How Does Awareness Affect Performance in an Automotive Dual Task Condition?

Author

Skrypchuk, Lee, Langdon, Patrick, Mouzakitis, Alex, Clarkson, P. John, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory editor, and Stanton, Neville A, editor

Published
2018
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3. Creating Inclusive Automotive Interfaces Using Situation Awareness as a Design Philosophy

Author

Skrypchuk, Lee, Langdon, Patrick M., Clarkson, P. John, Mouzakitis, Alex, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Antona, Margherita, editor, and Stephanidis, Constantine, editor

Published
2016
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4. Enabling Multitasking by Designing for Situation Awareness within the Vehicle Environment

Author

Langdon, PM, Skrypchuk, Lee, Sawyer, Ben, Mouzakitis, Alex, Clarkson, P, Skrypchuk, Lee [0000-0002-9619-6161], Clarkson, John [0000-0001-8018-7706], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
human-machine interface, Automotive, multitasking, Situation Awareness
Abstract

In the driving environment, competition exists between Driving Related Activities (DRAs) and Non-Driving Related Activities (NDRAs). This is a source of inattention and human error. Continual proliferation of in-vehicle information systems (IVIS) presents drivers with opportunities for distraction. Drivers simultaneously manage DRAs alongside unrelated but cognitively demanding NDRAs. Vehicle designers need ways of understanding human capability in such situations to provide solutions that accommodate these conflicting demands. This paper proposes a framework intended to address such challenges, rooted in the widely accepted construct of Situation Awareness (SA). However, SA theory does not presently accommodate disparate unrelated goal-driven tasks performed in parallel. This framework reconciles the present reality of drivers simultaneously devoting cognitive resources to attain SA for multiple activities by proposing a separate body of knowledge for each active goal. Additionally, the process of achieving SA is expanded to incorporate this concurrent development of separate bodies of goal-directed knowledge. The advantage of reconceptualising SA for driving allows consideration of interface design which minimises the impact of competing activities. The aim is a framework facilitating creation of IVIS that help drivers succeed in multi-goal multitasking situations. Implications of the proposed framework for theory, design, and industry-driven automotive safety efforts are discussed.

Published
2019

5. Unconstrained design: improving multitasking with in-vehicle information systems through enhanced situation awareness.

Author

Skrypchuk, Lee, Langdon, Pat, Sawyer, Ben D., and Clarkson, P. John

Subjects
*AUTOMOBILE driving, *COGNITION, *EXPERIMENTAL design, *ERGONOMICS, *INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems, *HUMAN multitasking, *PHILOSOPHY, *REACTION time, *SYSTEMS design, *USER interfaces, *TASK performance
Abstract

In the age of information, in-vehicle multitasking is inevitable. The popularity of the automobile, in combination with the present information age, create a growing demand to do more in-vehicle than simply focus on the road. Unconstrained Design, a philosophy which supports rather than constrains multitasking, is proposed as a path toward enhancing performance in-vehicle. Situation Awareness (SA), a theory allowing designers to understand how operators interact in dynamic, complex environments, is used to frame this experimental investigation. Two SA-grounded human-machine interface concepts are proposed, designed to support drivers to multitask in-vehicle when frequent task switching is required. The first focuses upon supporting preparation for a Non-Driving Related Activity (NDRA), and the second upon supporting the Driving Related Activity (DRA) when an NDRA is active. While multitasking, Contextual Cueing, using a Head-up Display, produced significant reductions in NDRA response time, while an auditory lane keeping aid increased the amount of time a driver spent in the central region of a lane. The combined evidence suggests that using SA and Unconstrained Design to create of IVIS that support drivers' ability to multitask in-vehicle can lead to task performance improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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6. Enabling multitasking by designing for situation awareness within the vehicle environment.

Author

Skrypchuk, Lee, Langdon, Pat, Sawyer, Ben D., Mouzakitis, Alex, and Clarkson, P. John

Subjects
*AUTOMOBILE driving, *COGNITION, *CONCEPTUAL structures, *GOAL (Psychology), *HUMAN multitasking, *HUMAN error
Abstract

In the driving environment, competition exists between Driving Related Activities (DRAs) and Non-Driving Related Activities (NDRAs). This is a source of inattention and human error. Continual proliferation of in-vehicle information systems (IVIS) presents drivers with opportunities for distraction. Drivers simultaneously manage DRAs alongside unrelated but cognitively demanding NDRAs. Vehicle designers need ways of understanding human capability in such situations to provide solutions that accommodate these conflicting demands. This paper proposes a framework intended to address such challenges, rooted in the widely accepted construct of Situation Awareness (SA). However, SA theory does not presently accommodate disparate unrelated goal-driven tasks performed in parallel. This framework reconciles the present reality of drivers simultaneously devoting cognitive resources to attain SA for multiple activities by proposing a separate body of knowledge for each active goal. Additionally, the process of achieving SA is expanded to incorporate this concurrent development of separate bodies of goal-directed knowledge. The advantage of reconceptualising SA for driving allows consideration of interface design which minimises the impact of competing activities. The aim is a framework facilitating creation of IVIS that help drivers succeed in multi-goal multitasking situations. Implications of the proposed framework for theory, design and industry-driven automotive safety efforts are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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