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Abstract: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a clonal proliferation of bone-marrow-derived cells, which normally reside as epidermal and mucosal dendritic cells involved in antigen presentation. It is a rare disease more common in children than adults, that is believed to be neoplastic in most cases. The diagnosis is based on clinical and radiological findings in combination with histopathologic, immunophenotypic, or ultrastructural analyses. LCH have a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from benign cutaneous lesions to malignant multisystem disease. Based on the extent of involvement at diagnosis, LCH can be divided in single-system LCH when only one organ or system is involved, usually with multiple lesions, and multisystem LCH, when 2 or more organs or systems are involved at diagnosis. One variant of LCH is characterized by congenital isolated cutaneous involvement. It typically manifests at birth or in the postnatal period with a widespread eruption of red-to-brown papulo-nodules or, more uncommonly, a solitary lesion. The overall prognosis for single lesion skin limited LCH is excellent and most lesions spontaneously resolve within 4-18 weeks. Systemic involvement is rare. Skin findings cannot predict systemic disease and obtaining an oncology consultation is recommended for further evaluation. Herein, we present an additional case in a full-term, well-appearing, female infant with an isolated, asymptomatic, ulcerated, papule of the left arm, that was noted at birth., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

The Authors present a case of cutaneous extramedullary hematopoiesis in a 63-year-old male patient with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia. The skin lesions appeared before splenectomy as multiple papules and nodules on the trunk. Histologic examination of a lesion showed all the tree components of the hematopoietic tissue, i.e. myeloid, erythroid and megakaryocytic series. A review of the literature revealed 18 previously reported cases, with polymorphous clinical manifestations of skin involvement. The possibility of extramedullary hematopoiesis should be considered in a patient with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia who shows cutaneous eruptions.

In basal cell carcinoma (BCC), excision margins between 3 and 10 mm, according to site, size, borders, previous treatment and histology, can allow for radical excision in at least 95% of cases. The objective was to ascertain whether dermoscopy can detect more accurately the lateral borders in BCCs than clinical examination alone, and allow us to obtain radical excision in more than 95% of cases with only 2-mm excision margins. A prospective study was performed of 200 consecutive BCCs of the head and neck removed with 2-mm dermoscopically detected excision margins. Morpheaform BCC, deeply recurrent BCC, BCC in Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, BCC located in sites not accessible through dermoscopy and superficial multifocal BCC were excluded. All cases of excised BCC were submitted to a uniform method of histological examination of the whole specimen with serial parallel sections at 2-mm intervals. In only three cases did surgical excision with 2-mm margins prove to be inadequate; in the remaining 197 cases, the excision margins were tumour-free. The comparison of clinical and dermoscopic extension measurement showed concordance in 131 cases (65.5%). In 69 cases (34.5%), dermoscopic evaluation showed a larger peripheral extension. These results indicate that 2-mm dermoscopically detected excision margins can achieve histologically confirmed complete excisions in 98.5% of cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]