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Statement of the problem. To solve the challenges of parent-child relationships among adolescents prone to vagrancy and their parents, it is necessary to know what ideas adolescents have about their parents. We believe that if we take into account the features of existing ideas about parents among adolescents prone to vagrancy, we can introduce changes into these structures. By correcting negative ideas about parents while working with the underaged, it is possible to harmonize child-parent relationships and thereby reduce the possibility of repeating deviant behavior. The purpose of the article is to describe features of the ideas about parents among adolescents prone to vagrancy. The research methodology consists of the analysis and generalization of works of foreign and Russian researchers related to the study of ideas about parents and vagrancy as a social process closely related to the situation in a family. Research methods. Twenty teenagers who are getting treatment in a residential facility for minors (Krasnoyarsk) were involved in the study of the ideas about parents of adolescents prone to vagrancy. The sample includes: 10 adolescents who are not prone to vagrancy and 10 adolescents with a medium intensity of a vagrancy syndrome. The following tests were used as diagnostic tools: “Scale of Leaving and Vagrancy” (I.V. Makarov), “Adolescents about Their Parents” (ADOR) by I. Schaefer (modified by Z. Mateychik and P. Rzhichan), “Parent-Child Relationships” (S.V. Lippo, S.T. Posokhov). To describe personality characteristics of parents, we used the test “Five Statements” which is based on the test “Twenty Statements” by M. Kuhn, T. McPartland. To summarize and analyze empiric materials, mathematical methods of statistical data processing were used: descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney test. Research results. The authors assumed and empirically proved that the ideas about parents among adolescents prone to vagrancy differ from the ideas about parents among adolescents who are not prone to vagrancy. The research gives an opportunity to identify significant criteria in the ideas about a father among adolescents prone to vagrancy (hostility, directivity, proximity factor, demographic and socio-psychological characteristics: age, education, profession, hobby, bad habits, as well as frequency and satisfaction with relationships with a father, emotional coloring of these relationships) and the ideas about a mother (hostility, autonomy, inconsistency, criticism factor, demographic and socio-psychological characteristics: age, education, profession, hobby, bad habits, as well as frequency and satisfaction with relationships with a mother, emotional coloring of these relationships). Conclusions. The results of the research allow identifying features of the ideas about parents among adolescents prone to vagrancy which are of practical interest for intervention with adolescents prone to vagrancy and have disturbed child-parent relationships, as part of the system of social services and psychological assistance.

The insufficiently studied perspective of regional history related to the identification and characterization of essential features, socio-economic factors and features of the spread of begging and vagrancy as organic components in the structure of deviant phenomena of everyday life in southern Ukraine during the NEP actualizes and analyzes in the article. On the basis of modern theoretical and methodological approaches and methods and representative sources (including archival) it is proved that the most powerful catalysts of their then surge were the devastating consequences of the First World and Civil Wars, total devastation, famine of 1921–1923, migration, without migration. Relevant statistical data have been processed and published. The kinship (common roots) of begging and vagrancy caused by the long-lasting and all-encompassing crisis of society, total and rapidly growing impoverishment and marginalization of the population, the emergence of large masses of disadvantaged people in the South of the republic, deprived of basic social support by the Soviet authorities and the public.The author emphasizes that despite all the shortcomings, miscalculations and contradictions of the then Bolshevik steps to clean the "social bottom" in the region and reincarnate its bearers in the course of normal, full life, this instructive historical experience has not lost some of its relevance today, and therefore could be useful in the development and implementation of appropriate social programs in Ukraine, where under the influence of deep transformation processes, intensive property stratification of society, progressive poverty of the majority of citizens, a fairly high level of such anomalies is consistently recorded.

In this article I trace a history of the most ubiquitous visual symbol of madness: the staff. First, I argue that the staff, in its variants (such as the pinwheel) and with its attachments (such as an inflated bladder), represents madness as air. It thus represents madness as an invisible entity that must be made visible. Secondly, I claim that the staff – being iconic of other ‘unwanted’ categories such as vagabonds – represents the insane as outsiders. Also in this case, the staff serves the purpose of making madness visible. Through this interpretation I show that the urge to make madness visible outlives icons of insanity such as the staff, making it a constant presence in popular culture and medical practice.

Before the advent of the “New Social History” in the 1960s, conventional wisdom among historians about vagrancy in early modern England was founded on a number of contemporary print commentaries which depicted vagrants as a threat to the well-ordered commonwealth, portraying them as an organised and hierarchical “fraternity of vagabonds” whose values subverted the social norms and values of respectable society. Early work on relevant archival sources (Paul Slack and A.L. Beier were two notewo...

Objects have social lives like humans and are invested with the properties of social relations. We restore performativity to the journeying objects of the Maseit street magicians by drawing on our ethnography with this wayfaring community from Kathputli Colony, Delhi. The shifting social incarnations of the magicians’ objects threaten law’s desire for semantic closure. Their truncated movements indicate how law traps the fluid history of street magic in a rigid definitional register by criminalising it as begging. By mapping these journeys, we illuminate the ways in which the Maseit make sense of their lives within the legal framework.

This qualitative research aims to explore the life stories of the itinerant elderly in shelter homes and vagrancy by the series of semi-structured interviews with fourteen folks in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The data was collected using the snowball sampling and analyzed by using interpretative phenomenological analysis that managed to categorize the data into various themes and subthemes. Results showed that although there are variations in the living patterns and living environment at the care homes and public places, the destitute elderly’s mental condition matched to a great extent because they were in the same phase of life. The study recommends the establishment of temporary residences for elderly living in the streets to improve their health, hygiene, security, and shelter facility along with the provision of some form of privacy in sheltered institutions and panopticon instead of being left homeless to respect their dignity and independence.

A shadowy double to infrastructure expansion, resettlement, and urban development, the "transient" has long been a contradictory figure of permission and repression in imaginations of America, be it as Emerson's idealized "being-in-transience," the romantic freedoms of the "hobohemian," or the criminalized "stranger." What Public Enemies argues is that a crucial genealogy of thinking about transience and its antagonistic relationship to existing concepts of democracy has been carried out in the most local, seemingly private of scenes: lyric encounters between an “I” and a “you.” While Walt Whitman was the first to put serial pressure on the relation between transient persons and lyric formation, a long history of twentieth-century poetic interlocutors—Robert Frost, Hart Crane, George Oppen, Robert Creeley, and Amiri Baraka—adapt his experiments in transient speech acts to challenge normative conceptions of personhood, masculinity, affiliation, publicity, and national belonging. To understand the social character and content of lyric speech, Public Enemies situates current debates in literary formalism and lyric theory within political, juridical, sociological, and queer theoretical accounts of transience in America. In turn, the project reframes a trajectory of modernist and postmodern American lyric poetry as both a critical and complicit interlocutor in defining who or what counts as a member of a democratic whole.

The article presents one aspect of the ongoing dissertation project, “The Construction and Practices of ‘Wayfaring’ during the 19th and 20th century” (working title). A general overview of the project is followed by a discussion of the expert discourses on juvenile “waywardness” and “vagrancy“ that had been developed at the turn of the century and that influenced theframing of deviant behavior of children and adolescents throughout the 20th century. Thecorpus of source material consists mainly of contributions of German-speaking authors in scientific and philanthropic journals, encyclopedias, manuals or other publications. Within this discourse, the “runaway tendency” became a cornerstone of the concept of “waywardness”. The paper shows how medical and pedagogic arguments got intertwined and shaped themeasures taken up to contain and prevent juvenile “vagrancy”.

This chapter examines the role of vagrancy law in regulating the affective, sexual, reproductive, and domestic lives of the English poor. It traces vagrancy's appearance at the margins of both the novel and the marriage plot across a series of texts, including Jane Barker's Patchwork Screen for the Ladies (1723), Sarah Scott's Millenium Hall (1762), and, most centrally, Henry Fielding's The Female Husband (1746). Fielding, as novelist, magistrate, and major eighteenth-century theorist of police, is at the center of the chapter, which reads his figuration of vagrancy as a kind of sexuality that disrupts labor-discipline, marriage, and legitimate inheritance. At the same time, Fielding's text and the archival records of policing that surround it reveal how one might take vagrancy as a category of analysis for transgender history, since the construction of the sexed body as metonym for juridical identity developed through a nexus of policing, surveillance, and transatlantic print culture for which vagrancy was a foundational legal category. Finally, through readings of Scott's Millenium Hall and Mary Saxby's posthumously published Memoirs of a Female Vagrant (1806), the chapter shows that literary histories of sexuality look profoundly different if one centers the parish rather than the family as the field of analysis.

El artículo busca analizar los discursos en la prensa escrita acerca de los trabajos infantiles en las vías públicas de San José, en el marco de la expansión urbana. Se demuestra que predominaron los hombres, la venta de diversos servicios y la clasificación de los niños a partir de diversas categorías laborales, que simultáneamente, sirvieron para juzgarlos moralmente. Aunque generalmente se legitimaba su disciplina laboral, también hubo críticas hacia sus actividades de ocio, sus comportamientos públicos, y sus transgresiones. Se consideraba que muchos de estos niños podían caer en la vagancia y en la mendicidad. This paper seeks to analyze the discourses in the written press about child labor on the public roads of San José, within the framework of urban expansion. It demonstrates that men predominated, the sale of various services and the classification of children from various job categories, which simultaneosly, served to judge them morally. Although their labor discipline was generally legitimized, there were also criticisms of their leisure activities, their public behaviors and their transgressions. It was considered that many of these children could fall into vagrancy and begging. UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Sociales::Facultad de Ciencias Sociales::Escuela de Historia

Reprinted from SOCIAL WORK. Vol. 25. No. S. September 1980 ngaging the disengaged: proposals on madness and Vagrancy Steven P. Segal and Jim Baumohl Urban areas have become host to young chronic ex-mental patients who often live on the street or in single-room occupancy hotels. The authors analyze obstacles to humane community care and sug- gest future policies and programs. Steven P. Segal. Ph.D.. is Associate Professor and Director. and Jim Baumohl. MS W. is Field Research Specialist. Mental Health and Social Welfare Research Group, Scltool of Social Welfare. University of Califor- nia. Berkeley. The research on which this paper is based was supported in part by Grant No. SROI MI! 254 I 7-05 from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies. National In- stitute ofMental Health, ttnda Faculty Research Grant from the Committee on Research. University of C altfornia. Ber/reley. This paper is a revised ver- sion of one prepared for the President's Commission on Mental Health. Winter I977. The authors express appreciation to Howard Levy, Kathryn Komatsu. Satinder Cheema. Lynn Everett-Dille. and Elsie ./ohnsonfor their comments. 358 YOUNG ADULT males will be the most difficult mental patients of the 19805. Although the rate of residence in men- tal hospitals for the overall population has declined markedly since I955. the‘ rate for young adult males has changed little in this time. Moreover. the size of this population has grown enormously and is projected to grow further during the 19805.‘ As elderly patients are removed to nursing homes and similar institutions, state and county hospitals will contend with a growing population of young patients. many of whom will become familiar, periodic guests. In this era of commu- nity care. most will receive only “re- volving-doorq treatment: they will be briefly hospitalized. treated with major tranquilizers. and discharged. After discharge, some of these young people will “return to parents or spouses; others will find congenial halfway houses or board-and-care set- tings. Some will gravitate to cults or other communities of believers and. in retrospect. may view their madness as a necessary religious awakening.’ A significant number. who have lost or exhausted their kin or who place au- tonomy before the refuge of home. will pursue independent lives. Perhaps they will never again need treatment. Unfortunately. many of these young. primarily male ex-patients will simply disappear into the tenderloins. youth ghettos. and -skid rows of America. Between hospitalizations. they will live on the street and. in time, become qcareerq mental patients and middle- aged urban nomads. Most probably. they will drift through rundown welfare hotels and be repeatedly involved with the police and mental health agencies as a result of public complaints.’ This article is concerned with the di- lemmas of this group of ex-mental patients—the so—cal|ed space cases. The authors discuss six major obstacles to their humane care in the community and describe approaches to social sup- port that might prevent the worst con- sequences of madness and disatTiIia- tion. in this article the authors use the terms qex-mental patient“ (or “ex- puticntq). qstreet person.q and qspace case“ to describe the subjects of their inquiry. These terms are not synony- mous. and the authors will be remiss in their obligation to those who partici- pated in the research if the distinctions are not clear. The term qstreet peopleq is a gross. imprecise term that is applied to a het- erogeneous population with only a few characteristics in common. Street people hang out on the street, using the sidewalks and parks of the city as the living rooms that most cannot afford: they participate in the various social and economic activities associated with street life the world over. However. there is no widely accepted “code of the streetsq in this country. If there is an encompassing tradition among street people in predominantly white. univer- sity-dominated Berkeley. California. rather than sets of expectations adher- ing to specific roles (such as that of the drug dealer). it is a vague legacy of the “psychedelic leftq that is. today. more veheer than substance.‘ The term “space case.q however. is specific and grounded in the authors‘ field research on social boundaries among street people. Space cases are those judged by other street people to be delusionary. unpredictable. and unreliable—in the lexicon of the street “burned out.q qfried.q or qspaced.“ Space cases have invariably been hos- pitalized. but not all street people who have been hospitalized are space cases.’ The term “ex-mental patientq refers to all individuals of such status. space cases included. Since the space case is a particular son of street person. he or she is also a special kind of ex-mental patient. PRESENTING PROBLEM In addition to psychiatric status. two dimensions of the ex-mental patient‘s life are of primary importance to caretakers: social functioning and propensity to violence. Kears. although referring to the whole population of young male ex-patients -in his area. provides a description that fairly repre- sents the mental health professional‘: view of space cases. He finds that space cases are “chronically dysfunc- tionalq or “violent and destructive.q‘ 0037-8046/803505-0358 $0.50 © I980. National Association of Social Workers. lnc.

Friendship as a family, social and national link, has a central role in Terra Sonâmbula because it clarifi es the meaning of travel and vagrancy on African tradition and, particularly, in the context of war. This paper offers a reading of Mia Couto’s novel according to three main perspectives: the analysis of movement as a narrative procedure visible through the travel and the vagrancy of characters, but also in their own story telling. This interception of lives and narrative lines creates emotional links between characters but also magical moments that alleviate suffering and abandoned feelings; secondly, this reading show how friendship becomes a transnational link that gives a special life and narrative movement to death in the context of war; finally, this paper analyses Mia Couto’s awareness and political commitment to Mozambique through an affective vigilance towards the acceptance of cultural difference. Terra Sonâmbula invites the reader to explore plural linguistic, cultural and ethnical perspectives on African territory.

Ding Ling’s early novels, with the basic characteristics of getting rid of the feudal ideological and pursuing gender liberation, highlighted a strong sense of female subjectivity. However, few people find the wandering con-sciousness of losing their homeland hidden in the female subjectivity. This wandering consciousness is embodied in woman’s pursuit of feelings, ideals and freedom, independent selections physical vagrancy and spiritual vagrancy. In Ding Ling’s novels, the body writing of female vagrants and the recognition of loneliness make “going away” no longer an empty declaration, but an alternative choice for women to transcend their subjective spirit. The reason is that Ding Ling’s own experience and the rejection of women by the times have all contributed to the formation of her wandering consciousness.

In recent memory, equality has been the watchword of gay advocacy. The achievement (and now defense) of same-sex marriage has relied on this attractive constitutional principle to which we can attribute substantial gains, from parenting rights to workplace protections. Equality has been so prominent in the past decade that it could slip one’s memory that before equality, the constitutional principle to which the gay advocacy community was most devoted was privacy. Indeed, if one were to dig below the equality foundation upon which recent victories such as Obergefell rest, one would find the debt to privacy in the sediment. Privacy does not, however, serve all members of the lgbtq community equally well and may in fact injure the interests of those who lack privacy entirely. It is widely known that lgbtq youth are overrepresented among the homeless in the U.S. They are, as a result, subject to an excess of police attention for everything from public urination to sleeping on park benches. This chapter argues that homeless lgbtq youth inhabit a peculiar location at the intersection of vagrancy — a legal status finding its roots in pre-Elizabethan England — and sexual/gender deviance. These two identity-shaping forces combine to mark lgbtq youth as irreducibly lewd and indecent, rendering them uniquely susceptible to arrest for criminal offenses that they practically embody.

Andrew Willson, “Vagrancy and the Fantasy of Unproductive Writing in David Copperfield” (pp. 192–217) Recent criticism of Charles Dickens’s David Copperfield (1849–50) has often drawn attention to the eponymous character’s rise to respectable and productive professional authorship. This essay, however, considers the fact that one of David’s most formative experiences, the flight from London to Dover that removes him from the blacking warehouse and sets him on the path to a middle-class life, casts him as an instance of the most disrespectable, unproductive member of Victorian society: the vagrant who chooses not to work. As invested, then, as David Copperfield is in promoting traditional Victorian values such as earnestness and industriousness, it is equally committed to recuperating the value of unproductive acts in an industrial society. Yet, as the novel itself is evidence of Dickens’s abundant productivity, it clearly cannot do so without complications. From the complexities inherent in Dickens’s competing fascinations with participating in and escaping from the economic sphere, this essay argues, a picture emerges of the imaginative tools that Dickens uses to conceptualize literary value and provide solutions for his vexed relationship to the market. In David Copperfield, Dickens uses David’s vagrancy and mediating effects as narrator to suggest that even though his own novel is produced for the market, it is not defined by the market’s logic.

Using a substantial set of vagrancy removal records for Middlesex (1777–86) giving details of the place of origin of some 11,500 individuals, and analysing these records using a five-variable gravity model of migration, this article addresses a simple question: from which parts of England did London draw its lower-class migrants in the late eighteenth century? It concludes, first, that industrializing areas of the north emerged as a competitor for potential migrants—contributing relatively fewer migrants than predicted by the model. Rising wage rates in these areas appear to explain this phenomenon. Second, it argues that migration from urban centres in the west midlands and parts of the West Country, including Bristol, Birmingham, and Worcester, was substantially higher than predicted, and that this is largely explained by falling wage rates and the evolution of an increasingly efficient travel network. Third, for the counties within about 130 kilometres of the capital, this article suggests that migration followed the pattern described in the current literature, with London drawing large numbers of local women in particular. It also argues that these short-distance migrants came from a uniquely wide number of parishes, suggesting a direct rural-to-urban path.

This chapter deals with the inadequacy of home instruction in reaching the lower class in the towns during the eighteenth century. It also became clear to the growing middle class that public education did not satisfy their interests. Schools were dominated not only by traditional education oriented to the church; they were also to a large extent geared to the needs and support of poor children. Discussions of the school system began to revolve around how to separate public education from what was perceived as the trivium school proper. The emergence of poor schools as a remedy to this problem was grounded in the difficulty of getting home tuition to work, and the claims made by the better-off people to reserve the city schools for their children. The foundation of new schools was justified by the need to counteract vagrancy and begging and to improve the children’s morals. Schools in many places served food and issued clothes, or even paid some money for attendance. Schools seem to have been perceived by some parents as child care.

The article deals with the issues of modern administrative and legal regulation of counteraction to such antisocial phenomena as vagrancy and begging. The issues of establishing responsibility for vagrancy and begging significantly affect the effectiveness of administrative and legal protection of public morality from the threats associated with vagrancy and begging. The existence of norms providing for administrative responsibility for vagrancy and begging will contribute to strengthening the effectiveness of the protection of public morality.

This essay departs from recent work on John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath —which has focused largely on its problematic racial politics—by framing the text's portrayal of migrancy around the question of state governance. Steinbeck's novel and The Harvest Gypsies , its nonfiction predecessor, refigure vagrancy into a fantasy involving a mobile class of workers. In doing so, Steinbeck offers an explicit roadmap for a government desperate to move families across the country to where their labor is needed. Ultimately, this reading puts the novel into dialogue with state policies that extend beyond New Deal era.

The ‘dop [tot] system’ refers to the practice of giving wine to male farm workers at regular intervals during the working day, which was general throughout the Cape winelands by 1890. How do we explain its emergence and ubiquity? To understand the system, we must interpret it historically. This article traces the history of the dop system from the establishment of a slave society at the Cape of Good Hope by 1658 to the Liquor Laws Commission of 1890, and the Labour Commission of 1893/1894. It introduces the system, and its official misrepresentations. The article is chronological and thematic. It identifies continuities and variations, and the nature and significance of moments of change. The interpretation of the system requires attention to forms of rule; free and unfree labour; markets for and consumption of liquor; vagrancy, slavery and emancipation; relations of masters and servants; subordination of free labour and its limitations; advances and debts; diamonds and railways; giving wine to workers. T...

Reveals the problem of juvenile delinquency: a condition, the dynamics of crime; the main risk factors affecting juvenile delinquency, as well as the measures undertaken for the prevention of juvenile delinquency offenses The study, which was always urgent, now acquired a special significance. Adolescence is traditionally considered problematic period in the formation and development of personality. You should also take into account the fact that exacerbated existing internal contradictions in their teens. Numerous studies and centuries of history show that the crime, in fact, is deep-rooted and deal with it, known to date, methods can not be, because it is as natural as the human nature. The phenomenon, which is now troubling modern society, juvenile delinquency, its scope and the criminalization of teenage environment. Of course, we will not cover all background and factors influencing the crime, but will discuss the social side of the problem and the measures that may have a positive effect. One of reasons is the imperfection of the legislative framework in this sphere. This is not, as such, the possibility of setting on the register persons engaged in vagrancy, begging, difficult adolescents, persons who evade education. A consequence of the lack of a unified preventive system is its low efficiency. According to various reports in the country of about 3 million homeless children living at railway stations, in the cellars, in the streets.

This paper discusses the tension between the criminal justice system and the welfare state as expressed through practices focused on populations who are perceived as being ‘at risk’ and constituting ‘a danger’ to society, therefore challenging the national governance of social precariousness and public (in)security. The analysis of a paradigmatic institution of Portuguese Fascism has brought to light how the contradictions between the long-term subjectivation of vagrancy processes and the uses of anti-vagrancy policies promoted by the dictatorial state to arrest and punish a significant part of his citizens may justify the moral dilemmas underlying the current Portuguese State's response to homelessness and urban marginality.

This article examines attempts made by the Commons in the parliaments of April 1414 and 1512 to address the corruption, neglect and poor administrative standards deemed endemic in the nation's hospitals and almshouses, and to remedy a perceived lack of facilities for the care of sick paupers. Despite early (but short-lived) support from the crown, the first initiative failed, partly because of its association with heretical demands for the disestablishment of the English Church. Although the underlying reasons for institutional decline were often more complex than the reformers cared to suggest, their campaign did inspire a number of hospitals and their patrons to rectify abuses. At the same time, individuals and organisations throughout society invested in new foundations, generally under lay management, for the residential accommodation of the elderly and reputable poor. These measures sufficed until the arrival of endemic pox, along with mounting concerns about vagrancy and disorder, prompted another parliamentary petition for the investigation and reform of charitable institutions. Notable for its emphasis upon the sanitary imperative for removing diseased beggars from the streets, and thus eliminating infection, the bill of 1512 also attacked the proliferation of fraudulent indulgences, which raised money under false pretences for houses that were hospitals in name only. This undertaking also failed, almost certainly because the lords spiritual had, again, drawn the line at the prospect of lay intervention in overwhelmingly ecclesiastical foundations. Both bills are reproduced in full in an appendix, that of 1512 appearing in print for the first time.

This paper looks at two twentieth-century rewritings of Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure: one by Bertolt Brecht, who in 1933 wrote a parable-play on contemporary German social politics entitled Die Rundköpfe und die Spitzköpfe (The Roundheads and the Peakheads), and one by Charles Marowitz, who in 1975 finished his Variations on Measure for Measure, a play re-written after, and partly as a reaction to, his unjust arrest for shoplifting and vagrancy. As the contexts of their birth also indicate, both plays called upon Measure for Measure to reflect on the nature of justice and its relation to politics, but, aside from their political stance, the two dramas differ largely in the way they work with Shakespeare’s text. Indeed, one could argue that if we take the “fidelity to Shakespeare’s text” as the gauge of our imaginary spectrum of adaptations, they, at first glance, seem to occupy almost the opposite ends: while Brecht distances himself from the original almost completely, Marowitz relies on the play’s text closely, only to concoct from its pieces a surprisingly different ending. However, this essay wishes to argue that, in spite of their different textual approaches, the two Measure for Measure spinoffs are alike in several aspects.

William J. Chambliss (Bill) is well-known for his path-breaking theories of lawmaking and for his innovative research on state-organized crime. However, the fact that his study of the original vagrancy laws marked the birth of rural critical criminology has gone unrecognized by criminologists. The main objective of this article is twofold: (1) to show how Bill helped shape contemporary rural critical criminology and (2) to provide suggestions for further critical theoretical and empirical work on rural crime and social control.

The figure of the renegade has been widely discussed in the field of early modern literary studies, with scholars situating rogue behavior within discourses of race, religion, and nationalism. However, these perspectives have not adequately addressed how domestic discourses of class and labor also shaped representations of renegades. My paper fills this gap by paying particular attention to English anxieties about vagrancy, a domestic phenomenon that manifested itself in new forms abroad, among pirates, apostates, and other traitors operating outside the geographical boundaries of the English state. Specifically, I examine the figure of Captain John Ward in Robert Daborne’s play A Christian Turned Turk (pub. 1612), in order to demonstrate previously overlooked connections between Ward’s reputation and his actual background as a lowly fisherman and conscripted sailor. This paper, by closely examining how the play and its sources construct Ward as a masterless man, sheds new light on the neglected issues of class and labor in the construction of the early modern English renegade.

This paper explicates the relation between vagrancy and public disorder, a relation constituted by a dialecticism that is at once (dis)continuous and (dis)connected. This relationship is important not only to appreciate the place of public disorder vis-à-vis contemporary urban public space and social life, but historical vagrancy as well. The paper examines the refashioning of vagrancy, paying attention to the semantic legal reformatting of its constitution and how this process permits the regulation of essentially the same historical problems and concerns by translating them into legally sound language, visible in the shift from vagrancy to public disorder. This shift was necessary not simply to preserve the vestiges of vagrancy, now conspicuous in public disorder, but for the preservation of the images of, and imaginations about, Law, including its claims to justice. Loosely taking its cue from the visual culture movement which pays homage to the place of images in the ordering of the social world, the paper invokes (and, then, conflates) the concepts of image and imagination and explicates the manner in which the images of, and imaginations about, Law spearheaded the transmutation of the legal category of vagrancy by re-imagining the vagrant, a re-imagining which itself was the product not just of the Law's imagination, but, imaginations about the Law as well. The paper concludes by locating the place of the image and imagination to propounding a narrative of, and about, Law.

The phenomenon of working children and adolescents and homeless is fraught with many stigmas and taboos such as vagrancy, drug addiction and crime. The actions taken by the authorities to eradicate that problem have had little impact since its inception on child labor is limited. This paper aims to reflect how working children and adolescents from the city of Xalapa, Veracruz become homeless through the Scaffolding Theory.

In April 1981, Black youth in the South London neighborhood of Brixton participated in a two-day riot that resulted in numerous injuries and widespread property damage in an already economically depressed area. Immediately after the event, many politicians, including new Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, labeled the ‘disorder’ as wanton lawlessness; a framing that has, in many circles, scholarly and popular persisted. However, activists at the time attempted to locate the Brixton riot within a history of institutional racism endemic to all levels of English society. This paper situates the Brixton riot within the context of Section IV of the 1824 Vagrancy Act, which shaped the lives of Black youth in the 1970s and early 1980s, and demonstrates the level to which Black people were historically marginalized in English society in the post-World War II period.

Such deviant behavior’s widespread forms as escapes and vagrancy of teenagers are considered in this paper. The occurred phenomenological features related to this form of deviant behavior are analyzed, and a modified typology of escapes and vagrancy created based on A.E. Lichko (2013/1983) typology which owing to social and economic changes occurred in the society doesn´t reflect this phenomenon’s real picture is offered. The author describes a transformation in already known types of escapes (emancipational, impunitive, demonstrative, dromomaniacal) and allocates types of escapes and vagrancy, characteristic for the present: ambulant, communitive and provoked, and also forecasts deviation manifestation in connection with type of escapes and vagrancy

Author(s): Arce, Debbie; Simmons, Dana | Abstract: The American Eugenics Archive defines race suicide as an alarmist term that describes, “when thebirth rate within a so-called race dropped below the death rate...with the ultimate consequence thatthe “race” would die out.”1 This article traces the ways in which fears and the concept of race suicide,a term coined by a sociologist committed to racial hierarchies, was reimagined by emerging blacksociologist, W.E.B. DuBois who actively sought liberation from systematic racism in the PostbellumEra. This historical research seeks to analyze the ways in which fear among communities of colormade claims of genocide inseparable from the histories of reproduction, birth control, sociology,race science, the Antebellum, and Jim Crow Era in the early twentieth-century. This is an attempt toprovide a speculative history that allows fears of those most vulnerable within systematic oppressionto be historicized, without the reigns of rigid, objectivity that act as a gatekeeper within the field ofhistory. I argue that tracing fears of race suicide allows for a complicated and necessary reimaginingof race science. The reimagining of race science allows us to see historical actors of color activelyengaging in liberation struggle through what Britt Rusert calls oppositional science. Similarly,analysis of race suicide allows us to bridge what Judith Butler calls, the theory-practice divide.

The paper addresses the issue of vagrancy as a social psychological phenomenon determined by personality deviations. It clarifies the conceptual relationship between the notions of 'vagrancy/homelessness' commonly used in practice-oriented research. As it is revealed, vagrancy as a social psychological phenomenon can be interpreted in terms of one's dysfunctional resolution of the basic conflicts of psychosocial development in the early stages of the epigenetic cycle. The paper also outlines the key tasks for practicing psychologists faced with the challenge of vagrancy prevention.

Over recent decades, vagrancy has been deinstitutionalised and a welfare approach has been developed in which the problem definition of “vagrancy”, perceived as a criminal problem, has shifted into a problem of “homelessness”, defined as a poverty problem. In this article, we discuss the findings of a case study in Ghent, Belgium, in which the implications of this welfare approach to homelessness in social work practices are examined. The research method involved interviews with social workers and coordinators of homelessness care programs, analysis of policy documents and observations of intake conversations. The following issues are discussed: (1) conditionality in regular homelessness care; (2) conditionality in organisations that are directly accessible; (3) counterproductive dynamics of residual care; and (4) invisibility of those labelled as “care avoiders”. In our concluding reflections, we argue that a new sort of institutionalisation of the problem of homelessness can be identified.

O artigo realiza uma análise do “racismo de classe”, seguindo a formulação proposta por Jessé Souza, produzido pelas “elites brasileiras” nas suas representações acerca dos fenômenos dos pobres e da pobreza. Na primeira parte, procedemos a uma fundamentação sociológica da noção de racismo de classe, com base nos trabalhos de Pierre Bourdieu e Norbert Elias. Na segunda parte, analisamos o racismo de classe à brasileira, isto é, as particularidades assumidas pelo racismo de classe no Brasil. Sustenta-se que o racismo de classe constitui-se como uma reação das elites à ascensão a certas esferas de consumo por parte de segmentos mais pobres da população brasileira, notadamente os batalhadores. Na terceira parte, analisamos propriamente algumas manifestações do racismo de classe veiculadas na mídia – seja por jornalistas, ou manifestações anônimas produzidas diretamente por membros das elites. Demonstra-se que o racismo de classe opera uma associação entre a pobreza e a vagabundagem, a falta de inteligência e a ausência de modos de conduta distintos e civilizados. Por fim, propomos o conceito de “pobreza arcana”, compreendido como o fenômeno de exaltação dos signos da pobreza e de ocultamento das suas origens, defendendo a necessidade de uma análise relacional para o fenômeno da pobreza-riqueza.

For centuries, the debate about homelessness concentrated on the ways in which the issue of vagrancy could be dealt with as a criminal problem. In recent decades, this perspective faded out and alternative approaches to dealing with vagrancy were argued for and implemented. In this article, we discuss the emerging reconceptualisation of a repressive approach into a welfare approach to the issue of vagrancy – which is called homelessness later on – as a social problem, in which social work in Flanders (the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium) has a mandate to intervene. By means of a historical analysis of discourses and practices concerning ‘vagrancy’ we show that (1) a welfare approach was already present before the formal decriminalisation of vagrancy; (2) the conceptual shift from vagrancy as a criminal problem to homelessness as a poverty problem was accompanied by an emphasis on a psycho-social approach to homelessness; and (3) social work practices intervening in social problems of homelessness are made increasingly conditional, which points to questions about the accessibility of social services for homeless people.

In this article I ask what it means for cartographical, social, economic and political understandings of poverty and mobility when the ‘geography of vagrancy’, as A. L. Beier termed it, is re-staged and reconfigured in specific acts of writing and even specific acts of walking. Invoking a range of public performances as well as print and manuscript publications by recognised literary figures of the day, including work by Ben Jonson and John Taylor, I concentrate on one particular literary remaking of the everyday experiences of the mobile poor in Taylor's 1618 published pamphletThe Pennyles Pilgrimage or The Money-lesse perambulation, of Iohn Taylor, Alias the Kings Majesties Water-Poet. What Taylor understood when engaging with the ‘geography of vagrancy’ in his challenging text was that the act of mapping the spatial world of the itinerant poor required considerable thought not only about the spaces inhabited, albeit temporarily, or travelled through, but also the ways in which the mobile poor performed such spaces. In turn, Taylor's own performance can be understood as a contradictory act of commercial enterprise and self-promotion as well as one that gives literary historians significant access to contemporary imaginings of the specific socioeconomic and spatial conditions of poverty and mobility.

In Progressive Era Chicago, jobless men, sex workers, and black migrants were regulated through scales of vice, vagrancy, and race. But this regulation was challenged. The jobless and homeless men in Chicago’s vagrancy scale rejected popular censure and criminal sanction. The sex workers who made up Chicago’s vice scale resisted vice prohibitions. Like jobless and homeless men, they disaggregated and produced mini scales that defied the efforts of authorities to contain and eliminate their practices. Black migrants contested the de facto segregation and the racial covenants that bolstered Chicago’s race scale, which developed during the Great Migration on the city’s south side. Tracking the shifts and fluctuations of Chicago’s legal landscapes, this article stresses the agency of marginal men and women in the design and organization of the built environment in the industrial city.

The phenomenon of transients and homeless in our society represents a complex reality. Transiency has existed for centuries, and the causes of it further differentiate the individuals involved. Fort Collins (Colorado), an untroubled city which presents a crime rate 47% lower than the U.S. average, is inexplicably experiencing an increase of the transient population. Due to unseemly behaviour like sexual assaults, harassment, fights, drug use, aggressiveness against passersby or violence, between others, concerns of both authorities and citizens can not stop escalating. This thesis focuses on the analysis of transiency as a social phenomenon in Fort Collins through System Dynamics, to support a broader understanding of the causes behind it through feedback mechanisms, lags and cumulative processes, along with a combination of Grounded Theory and a recompilation of Qualitative and Quantitative Data. In addition to this analysis, it is carried out the design and implementation of a policy strategy to change the trend of the forecast. The aim of this research is shedding some light on the issue and giving the first step towards specific research about transiency and how much can it affect to a place. This study intends to fill a gap both in Urban Sociology and in Urban Policy-making, where is so complicated to segregate the actions towards a complex group such is homeless population. Master's Thesis in System Dynamics GEO-SD350

Through a reading of Ben Jonson’s Every Man in his Humour , this article looks at how city comedy combines discourses on poverty, social (dis)order, and the humors in order to negotiate the place of dispossessed labor within England’s new economy. Jonson’s play is especially sensitive to the experience of vagrancy, using humoralism to depict vagrant subjectivity as an internalization of London’s increasingly harsh and chaotic socioeconomic environment. By exploring the tense relationship between members of London’s dominant classes and the humoral vagrants of the play, this essay seeks to understand how the dramatic representation of the humors – in their domestic, sexual, and economic forms -- allows vagrant subjectivity and agency to emerge out of class antagonism. The article focuses on Brainworm, the deceitful servant who performs a variety of identities in an effort to avoid unemployment and poverty. By translating poverty into humoral discourse, the play, through the figure of Brainworm, explores the subjective dimensions of poverty and dispossession, representing rogue deception as a skillful endeavor, a process of self-crafting, opposing the early modern trend that saw the increasing objectification and brutalization of England’s vagrant population. The article therefore seeks to expand our understanding of the social dimensions of early modern humoralism by reading poverty and economic necessity as the limit point of humoral discourse, as the point at which social and bodily order is undermined by the basic need to survive.

The article discusses peculiarities of intellectual vagrancy in the educational sphere. It presents the comparative analysis of the terms “intellectual vagrancy”, “social parasitism”, “plagiarism”. The author shows possible reasons, which cause spread of intellectual vagrancy in the modern education. Intellectual vagrancy is considered to be conscious free acquisition of intellectual property products and right of authorship by a person, social group or country with an aim to get access to material and non-material benefits. In the educational sphere it is demonstrated as the method of educational activity’s organization, based on free acquisition of intellectual property owned by other people. The author concludes that there is an opportunity concerning studying and rethinking of traditional problems in education, connected with bad performance, refusal of learning and education with the help of the theory of social parasitism.

This paper discusses changes in word use in male prostitution in New Zealand between 1900 and 1981. In doing so it considers legislative amendments relating to both homosexual engagements and vagrancy laws. It also discusses developments in language in relation to changes in social spaces, including waterfronts, cafes, streets, prisons and public toilets. In tracing these changes the paper documents a richly textured and protean argot that prior to the permeation of the language of legitimised work in the 1980s, constituted a highly complex and richly metaphored system of communication.

There exists a voluminous literature on the history of vagrancy and vagrancy legislation. However, virtually all of its focus has been on the manifestations of vagrancy as a social problem. What has not received attention is another important aspect to this history, one that finds its roots and geneses directly out of its construction as a social problem. This is the problem associated with the logistics surrounding the administration of punishment within correctional institutions, what I call vagrancy as a penal problem. The day-to-day operations of the criminal justice system, especially that part which was responsible for the administration of punishment, were immensely burdened because of the sheer number of vagrants who came through the system. This created logistical problems with respect to housing, classifying, maintaining and regulating prisoners, and especially with respect to vagrants, putting them to hard labour. This paper seeks to elucidate the penal problem of vagrancy by narrating the voices of the personnel who worked in correctional institutions.

What is vagrancy? David Hitchcock tackles this challenging question, drawing on a combination of literary and social history sources to provide a multidisciplinary view of early modern mobile paupe...

The recent rehabilitation of sentiment as a topic worthy of scholarly engagement tends to focus on the work of Adam Smith and early to mid-Victorian visual and literary cultures. Focusing on the League of Welldoers, a Liverpool charity that catered for houseless men, this essay considers sentimentality as a tool for stimulating compassion for one of the most controversial and potentially unsympathetic groups among the outcast poor. The essay identifies how late-Victorian and Edwardian philanthropy deployed sentiment as a tool to motivate practical compassion and demonstrate the ways in which sentiment could be politically charged. The essay examines the League's attempts to imagine the tramp in sentimental terms in a political and social context that regarded male vagrancy as a ‘problem’ and understood able-bodied men as breadwinners. It highlights continuities in the sentimental tradition from the heady days of Dickens's fiction: the emphasis on physiological sensation to advance a notion of common human...

1 This paper explores the Reconstruction Era and the late nineteenth century and the importance of movement on the American landscape for newly freed African Americans. Travel is significant in this context as millions of people of color were trying to recover from the ravages of slavery, gain employment, or simply search for a meal; therefore, how travel relates to ideas of freedom and citizenship are examined here. The paper explores how employers and the Freedmen's Bureau manipulated labor requirements, vagrancy and enticement laws, and other restrictive measures affecting the mobility of African Americans. Although the Freedmen's Bureau sought to assist freed African Americans against this virulent racism, their goal of inaugurating a free labor system in the South was restrictive in its own right. This paper argues that the burgeoning of the tourism industry and new trends in journalistic and touristic literary traditions to feed this industry led to a romanticized version of this context that ignore...

In this article, the author draws upon ethnographic data from a group of homeless and housed youth and young adults who congregated in one city square in the northeastern United States. The author applies social capital theories to understand the positive and negative aspects of street life for each group involved. In this setting, participants found commonalities and befriended one another. By maintaining and nurturing these ties, each group expanded their access to both practical and symbolic resources and provided one another with affective supports, which alleviated feelings of alienation and isolation. Participants benefited in multiple ways by participating, but also placed themselves in potentially harmful and problematic situations as a result. The author explores the utility as well as consequences of extended social ties made through these subgroup affiliations to understand the nuances of social capital and the role of diversified peer groups within homeless street settings.