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48 results on '"Kallenbach, R."'

3. Glossary

Author

Kallenbach, R., Ott, U., Kallenbach, R., editor, Encrenaz, T., editor, Geiss, J., editor, Mauersberger, K., editor, Owen, T. C., editor, and Robert, F., editor

Published
2003
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4. Sun and Protosolar Nebula : Working Group Report

Author

Kallenbach, R., Robert, F., Geiss, J., Herbst, E., Lammer, H., Marty, B., Millar, T. J., Ott, U., Pepin, R.O., Kallenbach, R., editor, Encrenaz, T., editor, Geiss, J., editor, Mauersberger, K., editor, Owen, T. C., editor, and Robert, F., editor

Published
2003
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5. Origin, Injection, and Acceleration of CIR Particles: Observations : Report of Working Group 6

Author

Mason, G. M., Von Steiger, R., Decker, R. B., Desai, M. I., Dwyer, J. R., Fisk, L. A., Gloeckler, G., Gosling, J. T., Hilchenbach, M., Kallenbach, R., Keppler, E., Klecker, B., Kunow, H., Mann, G., Richardson, I. G., Sanderson, T. R., Simnett, G. M., Wang, Y.-M., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F., Fränz, M., Mazur, J. E., Balogh, A., editor, Gosling, J. T., editor, Jokipii, J. R., editor, Kallenbach, R., editor, and Kunow, H., editor

Published
1999
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7. The Solar Origin of Corotating Interaction Regions and their Formation in the Inner Heliosphere : Report of Working Group 1

Author

Balogh, A., Bothmer, V., Crooker, N. U., Forsyth, R. J., Gloeckler, G., Hewish, A., Hilchenbach, M., Kallenbach, R., Klecker, B., Linker, J. A., Lucek, E., Mann, G., Marsch, E., Posner, A., Richardson, I. G., Schmidt, J. M., Scholer, M., Wang, Y.-M., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F., Aellig, M. R., Bochsler, P., Hefti, S., Mikić, Z., Balogh, A., editor, Gosling, J. T., editor, Jokipii, J. R., editor, Kallenbach, R., editor, and Kunow, H., editor

Published
1999
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11. The charge, element, and isotope analysis system CELIAS on SOHO

Author

Hovestadt, D., Bochsler, P., Grünwaldt, H., Gliem, F., Hilchenbach, M., Ipavich, F. M., Judges, D. L., Axford, W. I., Balsiger, H., Bürgi, A., Coplan, M., Galvin, A. B., Geiss, J., Gloeckler, G., Hsieh, K. C., Kallenbach, R., Klecker, B., Lee, M. A., Livi, S., Managadze, G. G., Marsch, E., Möbius, E., Neugebauer, M., Reiche, K. -U., Scholer, M., Verigin, M. I., Wilken, D., Wurz, P., Araki, H., editor, Brézin, E., editor, Ehlers, J., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Kippenhahn, R., editor, Weidenmüller, H. A., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Benz, Arnold O., editor, and Krüger, Albrecht, editor

Published
1995
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12. CELIAS — Charge, Element and Isotope Analysis System for SOHO

Author

Hovestadt, D., Hilchenbach, M., Bürgi, A., Klecker, B., Laeverenz, P., Scholer, M., Grünwaldt, H., Axford, W. I., Livi, S., Marsch, E., Wilken, B., Winterhoff, H. P., Ipavich, F. M., Bedini, P., Coplan, M. A., Galvin, A. B., Gloeckler, G., Bochsler, P., Balsiger, H., Fischer, J., Geiss, J., Kallenbach, R., Wurz, P., Reiche, K.-U., Gliem, F., Judge, D. L., Ogawa, H. S., Hsieh, K. C., Möbius, E., Lee, M. A., Managadze, G. G., Verigin, M. I., Neugebauer, M., Fleck, B., editor, Domingo, V., editor, and Poland, A., editor

Published
1995
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13. Suprathermal Helium Associated with Corotating Interaction Regions: A Case Study.

Author

Yu, J., Berger, L., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F., Hilchenbach, M., Kallenbach, R., Klecker, B., and Guo, J.

Subjects
HELIUM, COROTATING interaction regions, PARTICLE acceleration, SOLAR magnetic fields, SPACE vehicles, SOLAR wind
Abstract

Enhancements of suprathermal particles observed at 1AU often can be related to Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs). The compression regions associated with CIRs and their driven shocks which typically form at a few AU distance to the Sun can efficiently accelerate particles. If accelerated at the trailing edge of a CIR these particles can travel sunward along the ambient magnetic field and thus enhanced fluxes can be observed even if the acceleration region has passed over the spacecraft. We have analysed a CIR that has been observed at L1 by ACE/SWICS and SOHO/CELIAS/STOF on days 207 and 208 in 2003. The combination of SWICS and STOF data allowed us to study suprathermal Helium ranging from its onset at solar wind bulk energies up to 330 keV/nuc. Here we present our results for the temporal evolution of the flux, energy spectra and the He+/He++ ratio. In particular we present observational evidence for a turnover of the energy spectra at lower energies after the CIR passage which has been theoretically predicted but never been observed so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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14. Suprathermal helium in corotating interaction regions: combined observations from SOHO/CELIAS/STOF and ACE/SWICS.

Author

Yu, J., Berger, L., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R., Bochsler, P., Klecker, B., Hilchenbach, M., and Kallenbach, R.

Subjects
HELIUM, COROTATING interaction regions, SOLAR wind, SOLAR energetic particles, SHOCK waves, HELIOSPHERE (Ionosphere), ROTATION of the Sun
Abstract

Context. Energetic particle enhancements that are associated with corotating interaction regions (CIRs) are typically believed to arise from the sunward propagation of particles that are accelerated by CIR-driven shocks beyond 1 AU. It is expected that these sunwardtravelling particles will lose energy and scatter, resulting in a turnover of the energy spectra below ∼0.5 MeV/nuc. However, the turnover has not been observed so far, suggesting that the CIR-associated low-energy suprathermal ions are accelerated locally close to the observer. Aims. We investigate the variability of suprathermal particle spectra from CIR to CIR as well as their evolution and variation as the observer moves away from the rear shock or wave. Methods. Helium data in the suprathermal energy range from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/Charge, Element, and Isotope Analysis System/Suprathermal Time-of-Flight (SOHO/CELIAS/STOF) were used for the spectral analysis and were combined with data from the Advanced Composition Explorer/ SolarWind Ion Composition Spectrometer (ACE/SWICS) in the solar wind energies. Results. We investigated sixteen events: nine clean CIR events, three CIR events with possible contamination from upstream ion events or solar energetic particles (SEPs), and four events that occurred during CIR periods that were dominated by SEPs. Six of the nine clean CIR events showed possible signs of a turnover between ∼10-40 keV/nuc in the fast solar wind that trails the compression regions. Three of them even showed this behaviour inside the compressed fast wind. The turnover part of the spectra became flatter and shifted from lower to higher energies with increasing connection distance to the reverse shock. The remaining three clean events showed continuous power-law spectra in both the compressed fast wind and fast wind regions, that is, the same behaviour as reported from previous observations. The spectra of the seven remaining events are more variable, that is, they show power law, turnover, and a superposition of these two shapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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15. On the Source of the Anomalous Cosmic Rays.

Author

Kallenbach, R., Bamert, K., and Hilchenbach, M.

Subjects
*COSMIC rays, *SOLAR wind, *MATHEMATICAL models, *HYPOTHESIS, *STOCHASTIC analysis
Abstract

In the years 2004 and 2007, the instruments onboard the Voyager 1&2 spacecraft delivered unprecedented data on the structure of the solar wind termination shock. This shock has been assumed to be responsible for the acceleration of the anomalous component of cosmic rays (ACRs) from a pick-up ion seed population derived from the interstellar neutral gas penetrating the heliosphere. In this article, we present model results on the evolution of solar wind turbulence and suprathermal tails with heliocentric distance to support the hypothesis that stochastic acceleration all over the heliosphere but in particular in the heliosheath is an important process to energize the ACRs if not the most important one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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16. Is the solar wind termination shock a cosmic-ray mediated shock?

Author

Kallenbach, R. and Hilchenbach, M.

Subjects
*SOLAR wind, *COSMIC rays, *TURBULENCE, *PARTICLE acceleration, *WAVE-particle duality, *TRANSPORT theory, *INTERSTELLAR medium
Abstract

Based on observations near Earth’s orbit with the CELIAS/STOF sensor on board SOHO and with the ACE magnetometer, and on the model of Zank et al. we calculate the evolution of transport parameters of energetic particles over heliocentric distance. From the calculated transport parameters we estimate the spatial distribution of termination shock energetic particles (TSPs) and of the Anomalous Cosmic Rays (ACRs) near the termination shock and in the heliosheath. In agreement with Voyager 1 observations we find that the TSP/ACR pressure is of the order of a significant fraction of the dynamical pressure of the neutral gas component of the interstellar medium. Therefore, the solar wind termination shock should be a cosmic-ray mediated shock. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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17. Observations of energetic neutral atoms and their implications on modeling the heliosheath.

Author

Hilchenbach, M., Czechowski, A., Hsieh, K. C., and Kallenbach, R.

Subjects
HELIOSPHERE, SOLAR energetic particles, SOLAR wind, LAGRANGIAN points, COSMIC rays, INTERSTELLAR medium
Abstract

Energetic hydrogen and helium atoms have been identified and their fluxes monitored by the High-Energy Suprathermal Time-of-Flight sensor (HSTOF) of the Charge, Element, and Isotope Analysis System (CELIAS) on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) near the Lagrangian point L1 since 1996. The potential sources of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) in the heliosphere are co-rotating interaction regions (CIRs), solar energetic particle events, pre-accelerated pickup ions as well as low-energy (up to few hundred keV) anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) ions in the outer heliosphere, close to and beyond the solar wind termination shock. The ENAs, neutralized via charge transfer reactions, can penetrate into the inner solar system, unaffected by the interplanetary magnetic field. The observed ENA fluxes in the apex direction of the heliosphere set limits on potential theories of the dominant sources of the energetic neutral atoms and we discuss implications of these ENA observations on modeling of the heliosheath. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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18. Charge-to-mass Fractionation of Suprathermal Ions Associated with Interplanetary CMEs.

Author

Kallenbach, R., Bamert, K., and Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.F.

Subjects
*CORONAL mass ejections, *IONS, *SOLAR wind
Abstract

A model for the acceleration and transport of suprathermal ions associated with interplanetary coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is presented. The combined mechanisms of stochastic acceleration in the turbulence near interplanetary shocks, first-order Fermi acceleration, stationary spatial diffusion in field irregularities of magnetic clouds, and time-dependent propagation in the upstream solar wind are described. Ions from the bulk solar wind are considered as source populations of suprathermal ions. The results of the model are compared to the spectra of suprathermal ions observed with SOHO/CELIAS/HSTOF during the Bastille Day CME of 14–16 July 2000. © 2003 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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19. Isotopic composition measured in-situ in different solar wind regimes by CELIAS/MTOF on board SOHO.

Author

Kallenbach, R.

Subjects
*SOLAR wind, *ISOTOPES, *COSMIC abundances
Abstract

The Sun is the largest reservoir representing the matter of the early solar nebula. Its isotopic composition for the elements N, Ne, Mg, Si, At, and Fe has been determined by measuring solar wind abundances with the CELIAS experiment on board SOHO and other spacecraft instruments. These measurements and theoretical considerations indicate that the solar wind, in particular the coronal-hole type solar wind, is much less isotopically fractionated than solar energetic particles. The data give evidence that the isotopic abundance ratios typically vary by only ∼1 - 2% per amu in different solar wind regimes such as coronal-hole type and streamer-belt associated solar wind, ejecta of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), or so-called 'blobs'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001

20. Acceleration of the anomalous component of cosmic rays revisited.

Author

Kallenbach, R., Bamert, K., and Hilchenbach, M.

Subjects
*COSMIC rays, *SOLAR wind, *HELIOSPHERE, *SPACE vehicles, *SOLAR activity
Abstract

In the years 2004 and 2007, the instruments onboard the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft delivered unprecedented data on the structure of the solar wind termination shock. This shock has been assumed to be responsible for the acceleration of the anomalous component of cosmic rays from a pick-up ion seed population derived from the interstellar neutral gas penetrating the heliosphere. In expectation of the Voyager observations near the termination shock and in the heliosheath region, detailed models have been developed on the acceleration mechanism for the anomalous cosmic rays and on the structure of the termination shock. Here, an overview on the models on injection mechanisms into first-order Fermi acceleration, stochastic acceleration in the supersonic and subsonic solar wind, shock mediation by suprathermal ions, and on shock reformation by ions reflected at the shock is given. Comparing the results of these models to the Voyager observations, we try to synthesize an updated picture on the acceleration process of the anomalous cosmic rays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009

21. Suprathermal ions of solar and interstellar origin associated with the April 9–12, 2001, CMEs

Author

Bamert, K., Kallenbach, R., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.F., Hilchenbach, M., and Klecker, B.

Subjects
*SOLAR activity, *IONS, *INTERSTELLAR medium, *SOLAR wind
Abstract

The distribution functions of suprathermal ions associated with the two interplanetary coronal mass ejections in the time period of April 9–12, 2001, are analyzed. The data on ions in the energy range 35–2000 keV/amu were recorded by the (Highly) Suprathermal Time-of-Flight (HSTOF/STOF) Spectrometer on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) at 1 AU. While the instrument passes the event the ion spectra undergo changes that correpond to the local plasma properties. In particular, there are significant differences between the spectra and the spatial distribution of singly charged interstellar 4He+ pick-up ions and of solar wind 4He2+ ions, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2004
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28. Noble Gas Isotopes on the Moon

Author

Wieler, R., Heber, V. S., Kallenbach, R., editor, Encrenaz, T., editor, Geiss, J., editor, Mauersberger, K., editor, Owen, T. C., editor, and Robert, F., editor

Published
2003
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34. Cosmic Rays and Earth — A Summary

Author

Bieber, John W., Eroshenko, Eugenia, Evenson, Paul, Flückiger, Erwin O., Kallenbach, Reinald, Bieber, J. W., editor, Eroshenko, E., editor, Evenson, P., editor, Flückiger, E. O., editor, and Kallenbach, R., editor

Published
2000
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38. Corotating Interaction Regions at High Latitudes : Report of Working Group 3

Author

Kunow, H., Lee, M. A., Fisk, L. A., Forsyth, R. J., Heber, B., Horbury, T. S., Keppler, E., Kóta, J., Lou, Y.-Q., McKibben, R. B., Paizis, C., Potgieter, M. S., Roelof, E. C., Sanderson, T. R., Simnett, G. M., von Steiger, R., Tsurutani, B. T., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F., Jokipii, J. R., Balogh, A., editor, Gosling, J. T., editor, Jokipii, J. R., editor, Kallenbach, R., editor, and Kunow, H., editor

Published
1999
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39. CIR Morphology, Turbulence, Discontinuities, and Energetic Particles : Report of Working Group 2

Author

Crooker, N. U., Gosling, J. T., Bothmer, V., Forsyth, R. J., Gazis, P. R., Hewish, A., Horbury, T. S., Intriligator, D. S., Jokipii, J. R., Kóta, J., Lazarus, A. J., Lee, M. A., Lucek, E., Marsch, E., Posner, A., Richardson, I. G., Roelof, E. C., Schmidt, J. M., Siscoe, G. L., Tsurutani, B. T., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F., Balogh, A., editor, Gosling, J. T., editor, Jokipii, J. R., editor, Kallenbach, R., editor, and Kunow, H., editor

Published
1999
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