Search

The volt-ampere and impedance characteristics of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) at 800°C depending on the structure of the anode, electrolyte, and cathode were studied. The combination of the 10Sc1CeSZ–NiO anode with the 10Sc1CeSZ electrolyte, the GDC barrier cathode layer, and the LSCF–GDC cathode leads to an increase in the electrical properties of this SOFC in 1.4 and 2.8 times compared to the SOFC of the 3.5YSZ–NiO/8YSZ/LSM–8YSZ system to the SOFC of the 10Sc1CeSZ–NiO/8YSZ/LSM–8YSZ system, respectively. At the same time, the incompatibility of the 10Sc1CeSZ–NiO anode and the 8YSZ electrolyte was revealed, which is associated with cerium migration during sintering of the half-cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modified nickel composites based on stabilized zirconia as prototypes of anode materials of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) showed high catalytic activity and stability in the oxidative reforming of alkanes (tri-reforming of methane and steam-(oxygen) reforming of butane). Modification of Ni-10Sc1CeSZ composite with Cu and CeO2 increases its resistance to carbonization, and doping with platinum or palladium (0.1 wt.%) increases the resistance to H2S poisoning. Structured Ni-(CeO2, La2O3)-Al2O3/cordierite catalysts are characterized by high activity and stability in the oxidative reforming of C1-C3 alkanes into syngas and can be effective in an external processor integrated with SOFC. Bench tests of the fuel cell showed the achievement of acceptable electrical characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The change in porosity of the Ni-3.5YSZ (ZrO stabilized with 3.5 mol.% YO) composite, when produced, and the effect of porosity on the strength and electrical conductivity is studied. The porosity was provided by adding granular starch to the mixture of NiO and 3.5YSZ powders. The content of 18 vol.% pore-forming agent in the Ni-3.5YSZ cermet provides open porosity 47.1%, while its strength and electrical conductivity are 74.3 MPa and 0.93 · 10 S/m, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A Ni–ScSZ cermet is widely used as the anode in a solid oxide fuel cell because it possesses the appropriate electrochemical properties. However, it is susceptible to degradation during operation. Samples of a NiO–ScSZ composite were reduced in pure and diluted hydrogen to determine the microstructural evolution and the degradation behavior of the material. The resulting changes in microstructure were investigated using scanning transmission electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. The resulting data revealed that the various conditions during the reduction processes had a significant effect on the microstructures. The high porosity of the reduced nickel phase and cracking between the Ni and the ZrO2 phases after reduction resulted in a reduction in the strength of the anode material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The thermo-mechanical analytical model proposed for different solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) designs addresses the deformation behavior and mechanical stability of SOFCs at various thermal stresses, specifically the creep resistance and the long-term endurance beyond the elastic limit. The model considers the deformation of multi-layer SOFC in the temperature range of 600–800 °C and presents the combination of the correlated parameters for SOFC performance evaluation, stability and long-term endurance under realistic operating conditions and temperature gradients. The numerical analysis of the thermo-mechanical properties of the SOFC materials is presented in terms of mechanical behavior at failure conditions and the influence of rheological and structural properties on SOFC long-term endurance. The SOFC thermal behavior, creep parameters of the SOFC materials and long-term stability are analyzed in terms of stresses, deformations and displacements. In terms of broader impact, the algorithms for Maurice-Levi and Voltaire theorems and their validity for non-elastic, e.g. viscous-elastic, viscous-plastic, and elastic-plastic deformations were confirmed. This result allowed us to apply the stress condition of non-elastic body to the stress condition of the elastic body which is relevant to the SOFC operation at elevated temperatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]