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We study the long-range electron and energy transfer mediated by solitons in a quasi-one-dimensional molecular chain (conjugated polymer, alpha-helical macromolecule, etc.) weakly bound to a donor and an acceptor. We show that for certain sets of parameter values in such systems an electron, initially located at the donor molecule, can tunnel to the molecular chain, where it becomes self-trapped in a soliton state, and propagates to the opposite end of the chain practically without energy dissipation. Upon reaching the end, the electron can either bounce back and move in the opposite direction or, for suitable parameter values of the system, tunnel to the acceptor. We estimate the energy efficiency of the donor-acceptor electron transport depending on the parameter values. Our calculations show that the soliton mechanism works for the parameter values of polypeptide macromolecules and conjugated polymers. We also investigate the donor-acceptor electron transport in thermalized molecular chains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, it is shown that two added, excess electrons with opposite spins in one-dimensional crystal lattices with quartic anharmonicity may form a bisolectron, which is a localized bound state of the paired electrons to a soliton-like lattice deformation. It is also shown that when the Coulomb repulsion is included, the wave function of the bisolectron has two maxima, and such a state is stable in lattices with strong enough electron (phonon/soliton)-lattice coupling. Furthermore, the energy of the bisolectron is shown to be lower than the energy of the state with two separate, independent electrons, as even with account of the Coulomb repulsion the bisolectron binding energy is positive. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that when anharmonicity is added to the electron-phonon interaction it facilitates electron pairing in a localized state. Such localized state appears as singlet state of two electrons bound with the traveling local lattice soliton distortion, which survives when Coulomb repulsion is included. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2012 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that in nonlinear systems dynamical order can be reached through the flows of matter, energy, and information, which can be non uniformly spread over the organism due to self-trapping induced by the correlated coherence domains of interfacial water. Endogenous electromagnetic field is self trapped in these domains and forms the dynamical pathways as wave-guides, along which these flows can occur via soliton mechanisms. Solitons in the pathways can be stimulated either by intrinsic dynamics or by external stimuli and can be visualized in the infrared range as bright or dark solitons. The formation of such pathways is the consequence of coherence-non coherence transitions occurring in the biological cycle of the organism. A rational therapy appears then to be the induction of conditions for soliton existence necessary for maintaining the coherence of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]