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The solubility, density, and refractive index data for 1,2-propanediol + Cs2SO4 + H2O, ethylene glycol + Cs2SO4 + H2O, and glycerin + Cs2SO4 + H2O ternary systems were determined at 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C. In all cases, the solubility of Cs2SO4in aqueous solutions decreased significantly due to the presence of the polyhydric alcohol. The experimental density, refractive index, and solubility data of saturated solutions for these systems were correlated using polynomial equations. Furthermore, the refractive index and density of unsaturated ternary solutions were also determined and correlated with salt concentrations and proportions of polyhydric alcohol in these systems. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The solubilities, densities, and refractive index data for the 1,2-propylene glycol + MNO3 + H2O (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) ternary systems at 25° and 35°C were measured with mass fractions of 1,2-propylene glycol ranging from 0 to 1.0. In all cases, the presence of 1,2-propylene glycol significantly reduces the solubility of the salts in aqueous solution. The experimental data of density, refractive index, and solubility of saturated solutions for these systems were correlated using polynomial equations. Furthermore, the refractive index and density of unsaturated ternary solutions were also determined and correlated with the salt concentrations and proportions of 1,2-propylene glycol in the systems. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract The Solubility, density and refractive index of the formamide(FA)/ N -methylformamide(NMF)/ N , N -dimethylformamide(DMF) + rubidim bromide/cesium bromide+ water ternary systems were determined at (283.15, 298.15 and 313.15) K. The solubility of the RbBr and CsBr decrease significantly when adding amides into the aqueous solution. The variation trend of density is consistent with solubility, and the change of the refractive index is different. The isothermal experimental solubility was correlated by the NRTL model and the UNIQUAC model. The isothermal solubility, density and refractive index of the ternary systems were fitted by the four parameter equation. Moreover, the mean activity coefficients of the FA/NMF/DMF + RbBr/CsBr + H 2 O systems at experimental temperatures were obtained through the UNIQUAC model. Besides, to investigate the temperature effect on the solid-liquid equilibrium, the multiple temperatures solubility was fitted by the modified Apelbl at equation and the λh equation. Graphical abstract The phase behavior of FA/NMF/DMF (1) + RbBr/CsBr(2) + H 2 O (3) systems were investigated at 283.15, 298.15 and 313.15K. Unlabelled Image Highlights • FA/NMF/DMF + RbBr/CsBr + H 2 O ternary systems were investigated. • Solubility, density and refractive index of SLE systems were determined. • The mean activity coefficients of the systems were obtained by the UNIQUAC model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In this paper, the phase behavior of the systems composed of [C n mim]Cl/Br (n = 2, 4, 6, 8), Rb 2 SO 4 /Cs 2 SO 4 and H 2 O was investigated at 298.2 K and 308.2 K. Some systems were solid – liquid equilibrium and some were liquid – liquid equilibrium because of the effect of the inorganic salts and the cation and anion of the ionic liquids. For solid – liquid equilibrium systems, the solubility, density and refractive index of the saturated solution were determined. For liquid – liquid equilibrium systems, the binodal curves were measured. The experimental solubility, density and refractive index were fitted using an empirical equation. The binodal curves data of liquid – liquid equilibrium systems were correlated using Merchuk equation. Moreover, the effect of inorganic salts, ionic liquids, and temperature on the phase behavior of the studied systems was discussed in detail. Graphical abstract The phase behavior of [C n mim]Cl/Br (n = 2, 4, 6, 8) (1) + Rb 2 SO 4 /Cs 2 SO 4 (2) + H 2 O (3) systems were investigated at 298.2 K and 308.2 K. Unlabelled Image Highlights • Phase behavior of [C n mim]Cl/Br (n = 2, 4, 6, 8) + Rb 2 SO 4 /Cs 2 SO 4 + H 2 O systems • Solubility, density and refractive index of SLE systems were determined. • Binodal curves and tie lines of LLE systems were determined. • The experimental data were correlated by empirical equation and Merchuk equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] The phase equilibria of Formamide (FA)/ N -Methylformamide (NMF)/ N, N -Dimethylformamide (DMF) + Rb 2 SO 4 + H 2 O ternary system at three temperatures (T = 288.2, 298.2 and 308.2 K) were studied by isothermal dissolution method. The effects of temperature and amide structure on the isothermal solubility, density and refractive index of the system were discussed. • The solid–liquid equilibrium of FA/NMF/DMF + Rb 2 SO 4 + H 2 O was investigated; • The saturated solubility decreases with the increase of amide content; • Higher temperature increases the solubility of Rb 2 SO 4 in mixed solvents; • Multiple factors contribute to the density and refractive index of at different temperatures. In this work, the solid–liquid equilibrium (SLE) of the ternary systems formamide (FA)/ N -methylformamide (NMF)/ N, N -dimethylformamide (DMF) + Rb 2 SO 4 + H 2 O was measured at temperatures of 283.2, 298.2, and 313.2 K. The isothermal solubility of Rb 2 SO 4 in mixed solvents, the density and refractive index of the saturated solutions were determined. At a given temperature, with the increase of the amide content in the mixed solvent, the saturated solubility of Rb 2 SO 4 decreased significantly. The density trend was consistent with the solubility. However, the refractive index increased with increasing the content of amide. The solubility increased with increasing the temperature, whereas, the density curves and refractive index curves at the three temperatures showed a point of intersection. In addition, the influence of the polarity and structure of amide on the solubility of the ternary system was also discussed. Finally, the experimental data were fitted with empirical equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The isothermal solubility, density and refractive index of MNO 3 (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) in imidazole ionic liquid [C n mim]Cl/[C n mim]Br ([C n mim] = 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium; n = 2, 4, 6, 8) + H 2 O was measured at 298.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The effects of the ionic liquid structure and the types of inorganic salts on the phase equilibrium property of ternary systems have been discussed in detail. The Jouyban–Acree model is used to correlate and predict solubility, density and refractive index of the investigated systems. Moreover, a simple four-parameter polynomial empirical equation is used to fit the experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thesolubility, density and refractive index of RbCl/CsCl + [Cnmim]Cl (n= 2, 4, 6, 8)+ H2O saturated systems have been studied at T= (288.15, 298.15 and 308.15) K. The solubility data were correlatedby the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) model and an empirical equation.Both models can qualitatively represent the equilibrium behavior.In addition, the results denote that all the ionic liquids triggersalting-out effects with the order: [C2mim]Cl > [C4mim]Cl > [C6mim]Cl > [C8mim]Cl.Thedensity and refractive index of the saturated solutions were determinedfor describing the relationship between the physical property andcomposition of the solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Rb 2 SO 4 + RbBr + H 2 O and Cs 2 SO 4 + CsBr + H 2 O were selected as the research systems. • Stable solid–liquid equilibrium was investigated and discussed. • One invariant point, two univariant curves, and three crystallization regions are observed. • The refractive index of the saturated were determined and fitted. The phase equilibrium and physic-chemical properties of Rb 2 SO 4 (1)-RbBr(2)-H 2 O(3)/Cs 2 SO 4 (1)-CsBr(2)-H 2 O(3) systems at T = (288.15, 298.15 and 308.15) K were determined by the isothermal solution saturation method. At the three temperatures, the two systems both contain one invariant point, two univariant curves, and three crystallization regions. The Schreinemaker's wet residue method and X-ray powder diffraction method were used to verify the solid phase. The phase diagrams of Rb 2 SO 4 (1)-RbBr(2)-H 2 O(3) and Cs 2 SO 4 (1)-CsBr(2)-H 2 O(3) at the three temperatures show that higher temperature reduces the area of the crystallization region of the salts (RbBr and CsBr). The comparison of the two systems at 298.15 K suggests that the crystallization region area of the salts is strongly affected by the solubility and hydration ability of the salts. The refractive index of these systems reached the maximum at the invariant point. At different temperatures, the refractive index increases with increasing temperatures. The results in this paper may provide useful information for the separation of the salts from aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• MCl + TMU + H 2 O systems (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs; TMU = tetramethylurea). • LLE systems of CsCl + TMU + H 2 O at 298.2 and 308.2 K. • SLE system of CsCl + TMU + H 2 O at 288.2 K. • SLE systems of NaCl/KCl/RbCl + TMU + H 2 O at 288.2, 298.2 and 308.2 K. • Affecting factors of temperature, solubility and solvent properties are discussed. For this article, we investigated the phase behavior and physicochemical properties of the ternary systems MCl (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) + tetramethylurea (TMU) + H 2 O at temperatures of 288.2, 298.2 and 308.2 K. For (solid–liquid) equilibrium (SLE) systems (NaCl/KCl/RbCl + TMU + H 2 O at three temperatures and CsCl + TMU + H 2 O at 288.2 K), the density, solubility and refractive index about the saturated solutions was obtained. About (liquid–liquid) equilibrium (LLE) systems (CsCl + TMU + H 2 O at 298.2 and 308.2 K), the binodal curves and tie lines were obtained. The three parameter equation, Othmer-Tobias and Bancroft equations were used to correlate the SLE and LLE data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]