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Zoledronic acid is a bisphosphonates to treat bone problems. Rhenium-188-zoledronic acid could be used as a palliate agent in skeletal metastases. Radiolabeled product was prepared through optimized radiochemical procedures. The organs uptake especially bone uptake assessed in healthy animals mice. The radiochemical purity of the radiotracer was > 95% which was stable up to 24 h. Bone uptake (1.08 ± 0.14% ID/g at 1 h) with retention of activity in bone up to 24 h (0.26 ± 0.06% ID/g) was reached. This radiotracer can be used as a developing candidate for a palliative treatment of bone metastasis.

Imaging of inflammation has an important role in dissolving problems in diagnosis and therapy of patients with inflammatory disorders. In this study meloxican as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) has been labeled with thechnetium-99m-tricarbonyl core ([(99m) Tc (CO)3 (H2 O)3 ](+) ) in order to evaluate its feasibility as an inflammation imaging agent for in vivo use. (99m) Tc-tricabonyl labeling of meloxicam was performed by its incubation with prepared precursor (99m) Tc-tricabonyl and heating in a boiling water bath for 30 min while various range of pH (1-9) was adjusted. The stability of (99m) Tc-tricarbonyl-Meloxicam was checked in human serum at 37 °C, and biodistribution was studied in mice. Labeling yield of 98.1 ± 0.4% was obtained corresponding to a specific activity of 0.14 GBq/µmol. The radioconjugate showed good stability in human serum. Our main achievement was high accumulation of (99m) Tc-tricarbonyl-Meloxicam in the inflammated muscle in mice (T/NT = 3.90 at 4 h post injection) which may diagnostically be beneficial for distinguish sites of inflammation.

Even in recent decades, one of the major causes of death and unhealthiness in the whole world is infection and inflammation. The use of radiopharmaceuticals is a powerful tool in managing the patients with infectious diseases. In this study, ofloxacin as a second-generation fluoroquinolone has been labeled with 99mTc(CO)3(H2O) 3+ core to formulate a suitable infection imaging agent. Ofloxacin was radiolabeled with 99mTc using carbonyl core. Radioligand chemical analysis involved HPLC methods. Radioconjugate stability and lipophilicity were determined. Binding with Staphylococcus aureus and biodistribution in infected mice for labeled compound were studied. The radioligand was characterized by HPLC, and its radiochemical purity was more than 90%. In vitro stability studies have shown the complex was stable at least 6 h after labeling at room temperature. The n-octanol/water partition coefficient experiment exhibited logP = 1.52 ± 0.21 for 99mTc(CO)3-ofloxacin. The complex showed specific binding to S. aureus. Biodistribution results showed that radioligand had high accumulation in the infected muscle in a mice (T/NT = 2.02 ± 0.12 at 4 h postinjection). On the basis of stability and infection site uptake ratio, suitability of this complex as a radiotracer for imaging of infections is recognized. Ofloxacin was radiolabeled with 99mTc using carbonyl core. Radioconjugate stability and lipophilicity were determined. Binding with Staphylococcus aureus and biodistribution in infected mice for labeled compound were studied. The complex showed specific binding to S. aureus. Biodistribution results showed that radioligand had high accumulation in the infected muscle in mice (T/NT = 2.02 ± 0.12 at 4 h post injection). © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The (37MBq) 99mTc-MIBI complex samples were prepared due to ultrasound irradiation technique or boiled water bath method as a standard method. The qualitative and quantitative studies have been performed. The accumulation of 99mTc-MIBI complexes prepared by two above mentioned modalities were approximately 3 ± 0.1 % in the rats’ heart. The ultrasound irradiation technique is recommended to prepared 99mTc-MIBI complex in efficiently amount. Our approach can potentially reduce medical risk to the patient by avoiding any delay in acute therapy particularly for myocardial infarction patients.

In this paper the modified Lindstedt–Poincare method is used for calculation of axial secular frequencies of a nonlinear ion trap with hexapole, octopole and decapole superpositions. The motion of the ion in a rapidly oscillating field is transformed to the motion in an effective potential. The equations of ion motion in the effective potential are in the form of a Duffing-like equation. With only octopole superposition the resulted nonlinear equations are symmetric, however, in the presence of hexapole and decapole superpositions, they are asymmetric. For asymmetric oscillators, it has been pointed out that the angular frequency for positive amplitudes is different from the angular frequency for negative amplitudes. Considering this problem, the modified Lindstedt–Poincare method is used for solving the resulted nonlinear equations. As a result, the ion secular frequencies as a function of nonlinear field parameters are obtained. The calculated secular frequencies are compared with the results of some other methods and the exact results. There is an excellent agreement between the results of this paper and the exact results.

In this paper the homotopy perturbation method is used for calculation of axial secular frequencies of a nonlinear ion trap with only hexapole superposition. The motion of the ion in a rapidly oscillating field is transformed to the motion in an effective potential. The equation of ion motion in the effective potential is the equation of an anharmonic oscillator with quadratic nonlinearity. The homotopy perturbation method is used for solving the resulted nonlinear equation and obtaining the expression for ion secular frequency as a function of nonlinear field parameter. The calculated secular frequencies are compared with the results of L.–P. method and the exact results.

In this work, recently prepared 67Ga-labeled glucagon (67Ga-DTPA-GCG) for imaging studies (radiochemical purity >94%; HPLC, S.A. 296–370 GBq/mM) was used in biological studies. The wild-type rat biodistribution results, 2 h post injection, demonstrated high tissue:muscle ratios for target tissues (liver, kidney, heart, spleen, fat intestine stomach and pancreas), 234, 18.45, 7.12, 1.75, 128.7, 4.9, 6.3 and 1.11, respectively. The tracer binding capacity using freshly prepared rat brain homogenate demonstrated significant specific binding of the tracer to neuronal GCG receptors (67Ga-DTPA-GCG/67Ga:3 and 67Ga-DTPA-GCG/67GaDTPA:2.2 at 90 min). SPECT images also demonstrated target specific binding of the tracer at 4 h. The data suggests the tracer is accumulated in GCGR rich tissues 2–4 h post injection, suggesting potentials of the tracer for future imaging studies in glocagonoma models.

In order to reduce the pain due bone metastases a last generation bisphosphonate, 2-(3-pyridinyl)-1-hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid, was labeled with 188Re and investigated further. Labeling was performed at 95 °C for 15 min. The stability of radioconjugate was checked in human serum at 37 °C and biodistribution was studied in balb/c mice. Labeling yield of ≥98 % was obtained corresponding to a specific activity of 46 MBq/µmol. The radioconjugate showed good stability in human serum. Our main achievement was high bone uptake (4.24 ± 0.12 % ID/g at 24 h post injection) which may therapeutically be beneficial for the palliation of painful bone metastasis.

An algorithm based on the fifth-order Runge–Kutta (RK5) method was used to compute the five stability regions in a quadrupole ion trap (Paul trap). Except for the first region, the calculations were made for the positive values of a in the a – q plane. Computation of these regions for a Paul trap has been carried out for the first time using the fifth-order Runge–Kutta method.

In this paper, a modified version of the homotopy perturbation method, which has been applied to non-linear oscillations by V. Marinca, is used for calculation of axial secular frequencies of a non-linear ion trap with hexapole and octopole superpositions. The axial equation of ion motion in a rapidly oscillating field of an ion trap can be transformed to a Duffing-like equation. With only octopole superposition the resulted non-linear equation is symmetric; however, in the presence of hexapole and octopole superpositions, it is asymmetric. This modified homotopy perturbation method is used for solving the resulting non-linear equations. As a result, the ion secular frequencies as a function of non-linear field parameters are obtained. The calculated secular frequencies are compared with the results of the homotopy perturbation method and the exact results. With only hexapole superposition, the results of this paper and the homotopy perturbation method are the same and with hexapole and octopole superpositions, the results of this paper are much more closer to the exact results compared with the results of the homotopy perturbation method.