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The effects of bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and their secretion products on the subpopulation composition of thymic and splenic lymphocytes were studied in female Wistar rats with experimental chronic inflammatory process in the internal genitals. Stromal cells and medium conditioned by these cells in different administration routes (intravenous or lymphotropic injection) produces different modulating effect on blood leukocyte count and on subpopulation composition of the splenic and thymic lymphocytes. The most manifest anti-inflammatory effect was observed after lymphotropic injection of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells creating a high concentration and long persistence of the factors produced by these cells in the focus of inflammation.

We studied the effect of a biomedical cell product (bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and products secreted by these cells in conditioned medium) on subpopulation composition of lymphoid cells of central and peripheral lymphoid organs of Wistar rats under normal conditions. Changes in the subpopulation composition of lymphoid organs depended on the route of administration of biomedical cell product.

In this work the correlation analysis was applied to detect the integrated response of the pineal gland (PG) and immunocompetent organs of male Wistar rats in response to administration of melatonin (MT) in light regime disturbances. Animals were kept for 14 days under natural or continuous light (CL). Then for 7 days they received the injections of either 0.9% solution of sodium chloride or MT, after which the rats were decapitated and the mass of their body, PG, thymus and spleen was determined. The lymphocyte subpopulations of the thymus and spleen were studied by flow cytometry. The amount of lipofuscin in PG was assessed by the intensity of autofluorescence in organ frozen sections in 560-600 nm wavelength range. It was found that under the influence of MT, the number of intraorgan correlations in the immune system increased, regardless of the light regime. In animals on CL treated with MT, the number of interorgan connections was reduced, while negative correlations appeared between PG lipofuscin content and cellular composition of the spleen. The synchronizing and adaptogenic effects of MT were most pronounced under conditions of CL.

We studied the effects of melatonin on the status of immune organs and parameters of lipid metabolism in rats with alimentary obesity and parameters of lipid metabolism and immune status in Wistar rats kept on high-fat diet and receiving melatonin solution per os. Melatonin leveled the changes in blood and liver parameters of lipid metabolism, which was paralleled by normalization of cellular composition of immune organs. We conclude that melatonin can be a promising agent for the treatment of lipid metabolism and immune status disorders in alimentary obesity.

It has been shown that psychoneurological disorders are accompanied by different disturbances of immunity. Paper aimed to study the effects of repeated experience of aggression in daily agonistic interactions leading to the development of behavioral psychopathology on the parameters of cellular immunity in the thymus and spleen. There were no found the changes in the weight indexes, the number of cells in the thymus, spleen and blood in aggressive mice. In the spleen of aggressive mice percent of B-lymphocytes--CD19+ and CD16/32+, as well as T-lymphocytes CD4+8-, CD4-8+, and CD4+25(hi) decreased and percent of CD4-25+ increased in comparison with the controls. In the thymus percent of CD4-25+ cells are decreased without changes of other types of lymphocytes. Flow cytometric analysis revealed decreased percentage of apoptotic (A(0)) and resting (G0/G1) cells and increased percentage of proliferating cells in phase S+G2/M in the spleen of aggressive male mice in comparison with the control. The percentage of apoptotic thymocytes is increased and the percentage of thymocytes in S+G2/M phase is decreased under the repeated experience of aggression. Data suggest the possible development of an autoimmune procceses in male mice under the influence of repeated experience of aggression.

We studied the influence of abnormal illumination regimen on cell composition of the central and peripheral organs of the immune system in ISIAH rats and control WAG rats. In ISIAH rats, 24-h illumination for 14 days led to more pronounced inhibition of cell proliferation and differentiation in the thymus and more pronounced decrease in splenocyte proliferation and T and B cell counts in the spleen in comparison with WAG rats; however, the level of antigen-presenting cells in the spleen of ISIAH increased. We concluded that ISIAH rats are more sensitive to abnormal illumination regimen than WAG rats. Twenty-four-hour illumination was associated with impairments of central differentiation of T cells and activation of systemic inflammation followed by impairment of differentiation regulation, which can aggravate metabolic dysfunctions in these animals.

The effects of chronic social defeat stress on the percentage of cells in different phases of the cell cycle and in apoptosis in the thymus and spleen of male mice were studied by the method of flow cytofluorometry. In stressed males, thymus weight decreased, the percent of proliferating thymocytes was significantly lower, and the percentage of G0-G1 cells was higher than in intact males. Stress substantially reduced the percentage of splenocytes in the G0-G1 phase and apoptotic cells, but the percentage of S and G2-M cells and proliferation index significantly increased. Chronic administration of anxiolytic diazepam prevented the majority of the changes in the percentage of cells in different phases of the cell cycle, but apoptosis in the thymus increased under these conditions. Possible association between cell cycle disorders, impairment of cell immunity, and chronic anxiety developing under conditions of long-term social defeat stress is considered.