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Herein are reported the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification and mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) of the mitochondria of diabetic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro. Additionally, the expression of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and RBR E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (PARKIN) genes, which are involved in mitochondrial quality, were quantified. First, type one diabetes was induced in 10 rats. The rats were then kept for 1 month, after which fat tissue was excised from subcutaneous regions, and stem cells were selected from the fat, characterized as ADSC, and cultivated and increased in elevated sugar conditions in vitro; these samples were considered diabetic-ADSC. Two groups were formed, namely, diabetic-control-ADSC and PBM-diabetic-ADSC. ATP, ROS quantification, and MMP of mitochondria of diabetic ADSCs in vitro were measured, and the expression of PINK1 and Parkin genes was quantified in vitro. The results revealed that PBM significantly increased ATP quantification (p = 0.05) and MMP activity (p = 0.000) in diabetic-ADSCs in vitro compared to the control diabetic-ADSCs; however, it significantly decreased ROS quantification (p = 0.002) and PINK1(p = 0.003) and PARKIN gene expression (p = 0.046) in diabetic-ADSCs. The current findings indicate for the first time that PBM has the potential to maintain the function and quality of mitochondrial diabetic-ADSCs by significantly increasing ATP quantification and MMP activity in diabetic-ADSCs in vitro while significantly decreasing ROS quantification and PINK1 and PARKIN gene expression, making PBM an attractive candidate for use in improving the efficacy of autologous stem cell remedies for diabetic patients with infected diabetic foot ulcers., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited disorder hallmarked by progressive deterioration of specific neurons, followed by movement and cognitive anomalies. Cell therapy approaches in neurodegenerative conditions have concentrated on the replenishment of lost/dying neurons with functional ones. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been represented as a potential remedy for HD. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of umbilical cord matrix stem cells (UCMSCs) and their paracrine effect against oxidative stress with a specific focus on HD. To this end, UCMSCs were isolated, immunophenotypically characterized by the positive expression of MSC markers, and exhibited multilineage potentiality. Besides, synthesis of neurotrophic factors of GDNF and VEGF by UCMSC was confirmed. Initially, PC12 cells were exposed to superoxide in the presence of conditioned media (CM) collected from UCMSC (UCMSC-CM) and cell viability plus neuritogenesis were measured. Next, bilateral striatal transplantation of UCMSC in 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) lesioned rat models was conducted, and 1 month later, post-graft analysis was performed. According to our in vitro results, CM of UCMSC protected PC12 cells against oxidative stress and considerably enhanced cell viability and neurite outgrowth. On the other hand, transplanted UCMSC survived, decreased gliosis, and ameliorated motor coordination and muscle activity, along with an increase in striatal volume as well as in dendritic length of the striatum in HD rats. Collectively, our findings imply that UCMSCs provide an enriched platform by largely their paracrine factors, which downgrades the unfavorable effects of oxidative stress.

In this preclinical investigation, we examined the effects of combining preconditioned diabetic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) and photobiomodulation (PBM) on a model of infected ischemic delayed healing wound (injury), (IIDHWM) in rats with type I diabetes (TIDM). During the stages of wound healing, we examined multiple elements such as stereology, macrophage polarization, and the mRNA expression levels of stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia-induced factor 1α (HIF-1α), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to evaluate proliferation and inflammation. The rats were grouped into: (1) control group; (2) diabetic-stem cells were transversed into the injury site; (3) diabetic-stem cells were transversed into the injury site then the injury site exposed to PBM; (4) diabetic stem cells were preconditioned with PBM and implanted into the wound; (5) diabetic stem cells were preconditioned with PBM and transferred into the injury site, then the injury site exposed additional PBM. While on both days 4, and 8, there were advanced histological consequences in groups 2–5 than in group 1, we found better results in groups 3–5 than in group 2 (p < 0.05). M1 macrophages in groups 2–5 were lower than in group 1, while groups 3–5 were reduced than in group 2 (p < 0.01). M2 macrophages in groups 2–5 were greater than in group 1, and groups 3–5 were greater than in group 2. (p ≤ 0.001). Groups 2–5 revealed greater expression levels of bFGF, VEGF, SDF- 1α, and HIF‐ 1α genes than in group 1 (p < 0.001). Overall group 5 had the best results for histology (p < 0.05), and macrophage polarization (p < 0.001). AD-MSC, PBM, and AD-MSC + PBM treatments all enhanced the proliferative stage of injury repairing in the IIDHWM in TIDM rats. While AD-MSC + PBM was well than the single use of AD-MSC or PBM, the best results were achieved with PBM preconditioned AD-MSC, plus additional PBM of the injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This investigation tried to evaluate the combined and solo effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) and conditioned medium derived from human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (h-ASC-CM) on the inflammatory and proliferative phases of an ischemic infected delayed healing wound model (IIDHWM) in rats with type I diabetes mellitus (TIDM). The present investigation consisted of four groups: group 1 served as the control, group 2 treated with h-ASC-CM, group 3 underwent PBM treatment, and group 4 received a combination of h-ASC-CM and PBM. Clinical and laboratory assessments were conducted on days 4 and 8. All treatment groups exhibited significantly higher wound strength than the group 1 (p = 0.000). Groups 4 and 3 demonstrated significantly greater wound strength than group 2 (p = 0.000). Additionally, all therapeutic groups showed reduced methicillin -resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in comparison with group 1 (p = 0.000). While inflammatory reactions, including neutrophil and macrophage counts, were significantly lower in all therapeutic groups rather than group 1 on days 4 and 8 (p < 0.01), groups 4 and 3 exhibited superior results compared to group 2 (p < 0.01). Furthermore, proliferative activities, including fibroblast and new vessel counts, as well as the measurement of new epidermal and dermal layers, were significantly increased in all treatment groups on 4 and 8 days after the surgery (p < 0.001). At the same times, groups 4 and 3 displayed significantly higher proliferative activities compared to group 2 (p < 0.001). The treatment groups exhibited significantly higher mast cell counts and degranulation phenotypes in comparison with the group 1 on day 4 (p < 0.05). The treatment groups showed significantly lower mast cell counts and degranulation phenotypes than group 1 on day 8 (p < 0.05).The combined and individual application of h-ASC-CM and PBM remarkably could accelerate the proliferation phase of wound healing in the IIDHWM for TIDM in rats, as indicated by improved MRSA control, wound strength, and stereological evaluation. Furthermore, the combination of h-ASC-CM and PBM demonstrated better outcomes compared to the individual application of either h-ASC-CM or PBM alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic wounds are categorized by chronic inflammation, leading to the development of diabetic foot ulcers, which cause amputation and death. Herewith, we examined the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) plus allogeneic diabetic adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ad-ADS) on stereological parameters and expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1ß and microRNA (miRNA)-146a in the inflammatory (day 4) and proliferation (day 8) stages of wound healing in an ischemic infected (with 2×107 colony-forming units of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) delayed healing wound model (IIDHWM) in type I diabetic (TIDM) rats. There were five groups of rats: group 1 control (C); group 2 (CELL) in which rat wounds received 1×106 ad-ADS; group 3 (CL) in which rat wounds received the ad-ADS and were subsequently exposed to PBM(890 nm, 80 Hz, 3.5 J/cm2, in vivo); group 4 (CP) in which the ad-ADS preconditioned by the PBM(630 nm + 810 nm, 0.05 W, 1.2 J/cm2, 3 times) were implanted into rat wounds; group 5 (CLP) in which the PBM preconditioned ad-ADS were implanted into rat wounds, which were then exposed to PBM. On both days, significantly better histological results were seen in all experimental groups except control. Significantly better histological results were observed in the ad-ADS plus PBM treatment correlated to the ad-ADS alone group (p<0.05). Overall, PBM preconditioned ad-ADS followed by PBM of the wound showed the most significant improvement in histological measures correlated to the other experimental groups (p<0.05). On days 4 and 8, IL-1 β levels of all experimental groups were lower than the control group; however, on day 8, only the CLP group was different (p<0.01). On day 4, miR-146a expression levels were substantially greater in the CLP and CELL groups correlated to the other groups, on day 8 miR-146a in all treatment groups was upper than C (p<0.01). ad-ADS plus PBM, ad-ADS, and PBM all improved the inflammatory phase of wound healing in an IIDHWM in TIDM1 rats by reducing inflammatory cells (neutrophils, macrophages) and IL-1ß, and increasing miRNA-146a. The ad-ADS+PBM combination was better than either ad-ADS or PBM alone, because of the higher proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of the PBM+ad-ADS regimen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Photobiomodulation preconditioned diabetic adipose derived stem cells with additional photobiomodulation: an additive approach for enhanced wound healing in diabetic rats with a delayed healing wound" published in the journal Lasers in Medical Science. The correction states that Figures 3 and 4 in the original article were mistakenly swapped and have been corrected. The publisher, Springer Nature, remains neutral regarding jurisdictional claims and institutional affiliations. The authors of the article are listed as Dorsa Vatandoust, Houssein Ahmadi, Abdollah Amini, Atarodalsadat Mostafavinia, Fadaei Fatemeh Fathabady, Ali Moradi, Mohammadjavad Fridoni, Michael R Hamblin, Roohollah Ebrahimpour-Malekshah, Sufan Chien, and Mohammad Bayat. [Extracted from the article]

Herein, we report the influence of administering different protocols of preconditioned diabetic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSs) with photobiomodulation in vitro, and photobiomodulation in vivo on the number of mast cells (MCs), their degranulation, and wound strength in the maturation step of a Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infectious wound model in rats with type one diabetes. An MRSA-infectious wound model was generated on diabetic animals, and they were arbitrarily assigned into five groups (G). G1 were control rats. In G2, diabetic ADS were engrafted into the wounds. In G3, diabetic ADS were engrafted into the wound, and the wound was exposed to photobiomodulation (890 nm, 890 ± 10 nm, 80 Hz, 0.2 J/cm2) in vivo. In G4, preconditioned diabetic ADS with photobiomodulation (630 and 810 nm; each 3 times with 1.2 J/cm2) in vitro were engrafted into the wound. In G5, preconditioned diabetic ADS with photobiomodulation were engrafted into the wound, and the wound was exposed to photobiomodulation in vivo. The results showed that, the maximum force in all treatment groups was remarkably greater compared to the control group (all, p = 0.000). Maximum force in G4 and G5 were superior than that other treated groups (both p = 0.000). Moreover, G3, G4, and G5 showed remarkable decreases in completely released MC granules and total numbers of MC compared to G1 and G2 (all, p = 0.000). We concluded that diabetic rats in group 5 showed significantly better results in terms of accelerated wound healing and MC count of an ischemic infected delayed healing wound model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer is the most costly and complex challenge for patients with diabetes. We hereby assessed the effectiveness of different preconditioned adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) and photobiomodulation protocols on treating an infected ischemic wound in type 1 diabetic rats. Methods: There were five groups of rats: (1) control, (2) control AD-MSCs [diabetic AD-MSCs were transplanted (grafted) into the wound bed], (3) AD-MSC + photobiomodulation in vivo (diabetic AD-MSCs were grafted into the wound, followed by in vivo PBM treatment), (4) AD-MSCs + photobiomodulation in vitro, and (5) AD-MSCs + photobiomodulation in vitro + in vivo. Results: Diabetic AD-MSCs preconditioned with photobiomodulation had significantly risen cell function compared to diabetic AD-MSC. Groups 3 and 5 had significantly decreased microbial flora correlated to groups 1 and 2 (all, p = 0.000). Groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 had significantly improved wound closure rate (0.4, 0.4, 0.4, and 0.8, respectively) compared to group 1 (0.2). Groups 2–5 had significantly increased wound strength compared to group 1 (all p = 0.000). In most cases, group 5 had significantly better results than groups 2, 3, and 4. Conclusions: Preconditioning diabetic AD-MSCs with photobiomodulation in vitro plus photobiomodulation in vivo significantly hastened healing in the diabetic rat model of an ischemic infected delayed healing wound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]