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Background: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical performance of a two-step self-etch adhesive with and without additional enamel etching technique to advanced non-carious cervical sclerotic lesions. Methods: Twenty-two patients (mean age = 51.5) having at least two pairs of non-carious cervical erosion/attrition/abfraction lesions with incisal or occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in dentine/cementum were included in the study. The two-step self-etch adhesive (AdheSE; Ivoclar-Vivadent) was either applied following the self-etch approach on both enamel and dentine (AdheSE non-etch), or a similar application including additional acid-etching of the enamel cavity margins with 37% phosphoric acid (AdheSE etch). Resin composite Point 4 was used for all 104 restorations. Restorations were evaluated at baseline and at one year according to the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. Data were analysed by using McNemar's test (p 0.05). At one year, marginal discolouration was evident in the AdheSE nonetch group but it was not statistically significant from the AdheSE etch group (p = 0.12). Postoperative sensitivity was 5% at baseline and reduced to 2% at one year. Conclusions: At one year, the two-step self-etch adhesive with and without additional enamel etching technique showed excellent clinical results to advanced non-carious cervical sclerotic lesions. © 2010 Australian Dental Association.

Purpose: To evaluate acid-etching effects prior to the application of self-etching primer and the effect of different primer application techniques on dentin shear bond strength (SBS). Materials and Methods: Forty human third molar cervical regions were used in this study. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10) of different tooth surface conditions: group A: Clearfil Protect Primer applied gently (inactive) + Clearfil Protect Bond; group B: 38% phosphoric acid for 15 s, rinsed 15 s, and dried 15 s + Clearfil Protect Primer applied gently (inactive) + Clearfil Protect Bond; group C: Clearfil Protect Primer applied with agitation by microapplicator brush (active) + Clearfil Protect Bond; group D: 38% phosphoric acid for 15 s, rinsed 15 s, and dried 15 s + Clearfil Protect Primer applied with agitation by microapplicator brush (active) + Clearfil Protect Bond. The SBS test was performed with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. Results: The mean SBS values (MPa) and standard deviations are as follows: group A: 36.0 ± 8.3; group B: 24.0 ± 3.9; group C: 35.0 ± 3.3; group D: 30.6 ± 6.7. Conclusion: Acid etching decreased the SBS of the self-etching bonding system to dentin. Active primer application increased the SBS only in acid-etched groups.

Objectives To determine the frequency, location, and shape of distomolar teeth in a population of urban Turkish adults. Methods A total of 4, 023 patients (1, 586 males, 2, 437 females) with a mean age of 32.85 ± 10.82 years (males 33.01 ± 11.39, females 32.76 ± 10.62) were studied. Patients younger than 18 years of age were excluded. Panoramic radiographs of the patients were examined to diagnose the presence of distomolar teeth. In the diagnosis, care was taken to include only those patients who had not undergone any extractions in the third molar regions. Data were analyzed by the chi-squared test (P < 0.05). Results The presence of distomolars was observed in 0.57% of this population. In total, 29 distomolar teeth were observed in 23 patients. Distomolars were found primarily in the maxillary left (n = 8, 27.5% of the distomolars) and right quadrants (n = 6, 20.6% of the distomolars). In one patient, they were observed in all four quadrants. Distomolars occured more frequently in the maxilla (n = 20, 68.9% of the distomolars), were often impacted (n = 20, 68.9% of the distomolars), and were found bilaterally in three cases (0.07%). © Japanese Society for Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Springer 2009.

Using resin composite for the restoration of permanent incisors that have crown fractures is a conservative, timely and economical treatment option. Presented in this case report is a 41-year old female patient with resin composite restorations of anterior teeth that had crown fractures. This manuscript presents the clinical success of these resin composite restorations of permanent incisors after six-years.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of Er:YAG laser irradiation on shear-bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements to dentin. Background data: Different laser-irradiation settings are used for dentin-surface pretreatment, which may affect the bond strength of resins. Methods: Fourty-five extracted third molars were selected, sectioned in a mesiodistal direction, and 90 tooth slabs were obtained. The teeth were ground to expose the dentinal hard tissue with 320- and 600-grit silicon carbide disks. The specimens were randomly assigned to nine groups (n=10). Surfaces for each group were laser irradiated with 30Hz/70mJ (2.1W), 30Hz/160mJ (4.8W), or non-irradiated (control) for each resin cement (SmartCem2, RelyX Unicem, Multilink Automix). All specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24h after luting. Shear-bond testing was carried out by using a Universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD tests (p

Thirty-five (case 1), 15 (case 2) and 22 (case 3)-year-old female patients presented to Yeditepe University Dental Faculty Clinic because of esthetic reasons. Fractures of maxillar central incisors including enamel and dentin were diagnosed. Beveling with diamond bur was performed in all four cases. Dentin was cleaned with tungsten carbid bur. The teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid, restored with an adhesive system and microhybrid composite. Finishing and polishing procedures were performed by discs (Sof-Lex) and burs. Restorations were found successful according to modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria after 2 years in terms of retention, color match, marginal discoloration, secondary caries, marginal adaptation, and surface texture. © 2008 Blackwell Munksgaard.

Aim The purpose of this case report is to present the esthetic and functional rehabilitation of the teeth in a 22-year-old patient with Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). Background AI is a group of hereditary defects of enamel, unassociated with any other generalized defects. It is a rare developmental abnormality of the enamel, with a variable occurence of approximately 1:4000 to 1:14000 in Western populations. Al results in poor development or complete absence of the enamel of the teeth caused by improper differentiation of the ameloblasts. Report This report describes the diagnosis and treatment of a young male patient with AI and missing molar teeth using contemporary restorative strategies. Initially, the tooth surfaces were treated with a professional cleaning along with conservative restorative treatment. Later, metal-ceramic crowns for posterior teeth and fullceramic crowns for anterior teeth were utilized for final restorations. Summary The complexity of the management of patients with AI supports the suggestion the dental profession should have appropriate methods for the rehabilitation of rare dental disorders. The treatment of patients with AI should start with early diagnosis and intervention to prevent later restorative problems. Citation Gokce K, Canpolat C, Ozel E. Restoring Function and Esthetics in a Patient with Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 May;(8)4:095-101.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the two year clinical performance of posterior composite restorations in endodontically treated premolars and molars using a hybrid composite (Filtek Z-250, 3M ESPE) and a total etch bonding system (Single Bond, 3M ESPE). Method and Materials Thirty-nine class II restorations in endodontically treated premolars (n=11) and molars (n=28) of 27 patients (14 female, 13 male, mean age 36.51) in 16 maxillar and 23 mandibular teeth were placed by one operator. Restorations were evaluated by two experienced investigators at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months according to the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria that included retention, color match, marginal discoloration, secondary caries, anatomic form, marginal adaptation, and surface texture. All restorations were able to be evaluated at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. Results Paired samples t-test showed only marginal discoloration showed a statistically significant difference (p Conclusion At two years, limited deterioration in marginal discoloration was detected. The clinical performance of posterior composite restorations in endodontically treated teeth using Filtek Z250 was found clinically acceptable after two years. Citation Can Say E, Kayahan B, Ozel E, Gokce K, Soyman M, Bayirli G. Clinical Evaluation of Posterior Composite Restorations in Endodontically Treated Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:017-025.

Introduction: In this study, we investigated ultramorphology, surface roughness, and microhardness of permanent and deciduous tooth enamel after various stripping methods. Methods: One hundred twenty deciduous and permanent teeth (n = 60 each) were used. Qualitative (scanning electron microscopy) and quantitative (surface roughness and microhardness tests) experiments were carried out in the following experimental groups: group 1, stripping disk; group 2, diamond-coated metal strip; group 3, stripping disk and Sof-Lex discs (3M-ESPE, Seefeld, Germany); group 4, diamond-coated metal strip and Sof-Lex discs; group 5 (chemical stripping), 37% orthophosphoric acid in conjunction with diamond-coated metal strip; group 6 (control), no stripping. Surface roughness values (Ra) for permanent and deciduous enamel were evaluated with Welch analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tamhane tests, and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively. Microhardness values were evaluated statistically with Kruskal-Wallis, 1-way ANOVA, and Duncan tests. Results: Deciduous and permanent teeth showed similar results in terms of surface roughness and surface morphology. Groups 3 and 4 had the smoothest deciduous and permanent enamel surfaces, whereas chemical stripping (group 5) produced the roughest surfaces in both enamel types. Stripping did not lead to a significant change in the microhardness of permanent enamel. Conclusions: All stripping methods significantly roughened the enamel surfaces. Polishing the stripped surface with Sof-Lex discs decreased the roughness. © 2006 American Association of Orthodontists.

Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated maxillary central incisors restored with quartz fiber posts, composite cores, and crowns when different types of ferrule designs were incorporated. Methods and Materials Sixty maxillary incisors were divided into six groups: Group 1 (control): teeth with root canal treatments having a full crown prosthesis; Group 2: teeth with a 2 mm circumferential ferrule; Group 3: teeth with a 2 mm ferrule only in the vestibular region; Group 4: teeth with a 2 mm ferrule only in the palatal region; Group 5: teeth with a 2 mm ferrule in the vestibular and palatal region, having cavities in both proximal areas; and Group 6: teeth with no ferrule. The teeth in the experimental groups were restored with quartz fiber posts-composite cores and full metallic crowns. All experimental teeth were subjected to an increasing compressive force with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min, until fracture occurred. Results The median fracture values of groups were as follows: Group 1: 574.4 N, Group 2: 472.4 N, Group 3: 474.3 N, Group 4: 480.7 N, Group 5: 463.1 N, and Group 6: 297.9 N. A statistically significant difference was found between Group 1 and Group 6 (p< 0.01). Conclusion It was concluded different ferrule designs did not have any influence on the fracture resistance of teeth with fiber posts. The results of this study indicate fiber posts can safely be used for their reinforcing properties. Furthermore, there is no significant change in the resistance of teeth with fiber posts regardless of which ferrule design is incorporated. The property of these types of posts is an additional advantage in clinical practice. Citation Dikbas I, Tanalp J, Ozel E, Koksal T, Ersoy M. Evaluation of the Effect of Different Ferrule Designs on the Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Maxillary Central Incisors Incorporating Fiber Posts, Composite Cores and Crown Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:062-069.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the five-year clinical performance of a two-step self-etch adhesive in non-carious cervical sclerotic lesions with or without selective acid-etching of enamel margins. A total of 104 cervical restorations in 22 patients (46–64 years) were bonded following either self-etch approach (AdheSE non-etch) or a similar application, including selective acid-etching of enamel margins (AdheSE etch), and were restored with resin composite. The restorations were evaluated at baseline and after one, two, three and five-years (84 restorations in 19 patients) according to the USPHS criteria. Data were analyzed using McNemar’s test. Cumulative retention rates for the non-etch and etch groups were 82.6% and 86.1% respectively. No significant differences were detected in the retention rates, marginal adaptations at dentin side and secondary caries between the groups. After five-years, the clinical performance of the two-step self-etch adhesive with or without selective acid-etching of enamel margins, was acceptable. © 2014, Japanese Society for Dental Materials and Devices. All rights reserved.