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1. Medical education during the Covid-19 pandemic long-term experiences of German clinical medical students.

Author

Gottschalk M, Milch PM, Albert C, Werwick K, Braun-Dullaeus RC, and Stieger P

Subjects
Humans, Pandemics, Educational Status, Students, Medical, COVID-19 epidemiology, Education, Medical
Abstract

Introduction: Due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the accompanying hygiene regulations, medical students in Germany faced multiple educational and personal challenges. The challenges included the cancellation and digitalisation of courses, the closing of university institutions such as libraries, a decrease in social contacts, and the risk of a Covid-19 infection. The aim of this study was to understand medical students' pandemic experiences as well as the consequences of these experiences for the students' future work as physicians., Materials and Methods: We performed 15 guided, one-on-one interviews with clinical medical students (third to fifth year) at the Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and anonymised. We performed a qualitative content analysis in accordance with Mayring and thereby formed an inductive category system. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) were applied., Results: Five categories were inductively formed: "Changes in the teaching experience", "negative effects on the learning experience", "decrease in personal social contacts", "contact with covid-19", and "pandemic-associated stress increase". The participating students reported higher levels of stress due to isolation and uncertainty regarding their educational future. Furthermore, students welcomed the digitalisation of lectures, developed individual coping strategies, and voluntarily took part in the care of Covid-19 patients. Limitations to social interactions were perceived as the major restrictive factor to their educational structure, their perceived learning success and personal development., Conclusion: This study identified social restrictions as well as didactic and academic structural challenges as relevant factors contributing to perceived stress and fear for medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic, especially as regards their learning experience. Students' acceptance of digitalised learning may enable regular interaction with university peers and may facilitate a structured educational life. However, the implementation of digital resources could not provide a sufficient substitute for in-person courses., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Gottschalk et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Published
2023
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2. Students' perception and learning experience in the first medical clerkship.

Author

Gottschalk M, Albert C, Werwick K, Spura A, Braun-Dullaeus RC, and Stieger P

Subjects
Curriculum, Humans, Perception, Clinical Clerkship, Education, Medical, Students, Medical
Abstract

Background: The German clerkship ("Famulatur") is the first phase in medical education, in which students learn from a physician's perspective. According to the German Licensing Regulations for Physicians, students shall "familiarise" with providing care. However, specific learning objectives for the clerkship are not defined, although the acquisition of different competencies is implicitly demanded. Therefore, an additional understanding of the clerkship students' learning experience is needed. The goal of this study is to explore the student's learning perspective and experiences in the clerkship., Methods: Twelve guideline-based interviews were conducted with third year medical students. All participants completed their first clerkship. A qualitative content analysis was performed. The inductively identified categories were transferred into a quantitative questionnaire using a 5-point Likert-scale to explore their relevance in a validation cohort. The questionnaire was completed by 222 clinical students of the Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg., Results: The qualitative analysis led to 26 individual items assigned to 4 main categories that describe the clerkship experience: 1) "coping with insecurities", 2) "the clerkship as a social arrangement", 3) "the clerkship as a learning opportunity" and 4) "the clerkship as a teaching opportunity". In the quantitative validation cohort, category one yielded a well-balanced result (median 3 = "neither agree nor disagree"; IQR 2-4), items addressed in categories 2-4 were generally supported by the students, predominantly selecting "strongly agree" or "agree" (Median 2; IQR 1-2 for each category). Students rated the role of the clinical team as especially important for their learning success and feared exclusion or negative reactions., Conclusions: The medical clerkship provides an institutional, professional, and social framework, in which students are learning. Insecurities arose from curricular inconsistencies, a high dependency on the clinical team as well as the absence of specific learning objectives. Therefore, a better curricular integration regarding the semester structure and the learning objectives of the German clerkship is needed., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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3. [Magdeburg Medical School - Logbook for Surgical Training of Final Year Medical Students - an Interdisciplinary, Medical School-Specific Concept Based on the Guidelines Issued by the Medical School Association ("Medizinischer Fakultätentag") in 2012].

Author

Witzel K, Ballaschk A, Altmann S, Haß HJ, Chiapponi C, Walcher F, Werwick K, Croner RS, Piatek S, and Meyer F

Subjects
Curriculum, Humans, Schools, Medical, Time, Education, Medical, Students, Medical
Abstract

Background: The final year is the last part of the study of human medicine and can be regarded as an essential period, during which medical knowledge should be consequently converted into medical expertise. Since the amendment of the medical license policy ("Ärztliche Approbationsordnung" [ÄApprO]) from July 17, 2012, in particular, since April 01, 2013, German universities have been obliged to provide a training schedule such as a "logbook" for this final year, specifically for the mandatory time periods within surgery and internal medicine. In preparation for this innovation, the German Medical School Association ("Medizinischer Fakultätentag") presented basic logbooks as consensus documents in June 2012. The portfolio for each surgery discipline and the Magdeburg Medical School, had been developed on the basis of individual initiatives and used for years, and was revised, specified and further developed into a "logbook of the medical study's final year" - specific for daily practice and the Magdeburg Medical School, and to the guidelines of the Medical School Association ("Medizinischer Fakultätentag"). The aim of the present commentary is i) to present the Magdeburg Medical School logbook and its clinical planning for cases, diagnoses and (surgical) interventions, as a summary of institutional experience and ii) to describe the mandatory surgical part of the "Magdeburg's final year of the study of human medicine"., Method: Narrative short overview including individual teaching experiences and topic-related references from "PubMed" using terms for literature search such as "surgical logbook", "practical year" and "medical teaching". The background and aims of the document's modifications are explained for each surgical discipline., Results: The "Logbook" is subdivided into 6 chapters: introduction, basics, statement of requirement, selected surgical diseases and interventions as well as information on final year-associated events and courses and instructions for creating the obligatory case report., Conclusion: The presented "Magdeburg Medical School Final Year Logbook of the Surgical Disciplines" has been created according to the requirements of the German Medical School Association ("Medizinischer Fakultätentag") and has been simultaneously adapted to the conditions and established medical teaching at the presenting Medical School. In particular, the medical students are given a document related to daily clinical practice, which allows them, within an overall teaching concept, to acquire indispensable expertise., Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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4. What understanding of economics do medical students have?

Author

Spura A, Werwick K, Robra BP, Stallmann C, March S, Ladebeck N, Braun-Dullaeus R, and Stieger P

Subjects
Education, Medical, Undergraduate, Germany, Humans, Qualitative Research, Surveys and Questionnaires, Curriculum, Economics, Medical, Learning, Students, Medical
Abstract

Introduction: Economic topics appear in the medical studies curriculum at different times. Despite socio-political relevance, there is hardly any information about the degree of understanding that medical students have of "economics in medicine". The present study addresses the questions: What understanding of "economics in medicine" do medical students have before the start of the Practical Year? To what extent is economic teaching content understood as "economization" from outside the profession? Method: Magdeburg medical students in the 5 th year of study, who participated in preparatory seminars for the Practical Year (PY) in 2014 and 2015 (60 participants each), assessed the relevance of various seminar topics four months prior to the start of the semester. On the basis of a three-stage qualitative-reconstructive partial evaluation, students' economic understanding is explored through secondary analysis: deductive derivation of the analysis units; integrative basic method ("segmentation", "micro-linguistic detailed analysis", "central theme"); development of a theoretical model by placing the central themes in context following Grounded Theory. Results: Based on the theory, 19 free-text answers with economic reference were identified from the total of all free-text answers. Each answer was assigned to at least one of a total of six themes of the students' understanding of economics: de-professionalizing economization, deciding and working economically, ambivalent requirements for efficiency and equity, the doctor as an entrepreneur, economics as relevant learning content, PY as a conflict-laden setting for economized working and learning. The theoretical model contains social, praxeological and professional references, which can themselves be ambivalent and conflicting. Conclusion: Despite their critical attitude, the surveyed medical students are neither hostile to economics nor do they regard economics in medicine as a taboo subject. Economic learning content is recognized as relevant. Educational formats that tackle the tension between patient and system orientation in a problem-oriented manner can be a productive setting for economic reflection., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Published
2019
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5. First Contact: interprofessional education based on medical students' experiences from their nursing internship.

Author

Eich-Krohm A, Kaufmann A, Winkler-Stuck K, Werwick K, Spura A, and Robra BP

Subjects
Education, Medical, Humans, Students, Nursing, Internship and Residency, Interprofessional Relations, Students, Medical
Abstract

Goal: The aim of the course "interprofessional communication and nursing" is to reflect medical students' experiences from the nursing internship. The content of the course focuses on barriers and support of interprofessional communication as a foundation for teamwork between nursing professionals and physicians. The nursing internship is for most medical students the first contact with nursing professionals and can lead to perceptions about the other group that might hinder interprofessional teamwork and consequently harm patients. To meet the demographic challenges ahead it is important to emphasize interprofessional education in the study of medicine and better prepare future physicians for interprofessional collaboration., Method: The design of the course includes an assessment of a change in the students' perceptions about nursing and interprofessional communication. The first class meeting presents the starting point of the assessment and visualizes students' perceptions of nursing and medicine. The content of the following class meetings serve to enhance the students' knowledge about nursing as a profession with its own theories, science and scholarship. In addition, all students have to write a research paper that entails to interview one nursing professional and one physician about their ideas of interprofessional communication and to compare the interviews with their own experiences from the nursing internship. To access what students learned during the course a reflective discussion takes place at the last meeting combined with an analysis of the students' research papers., Results: The assessment of the students' perceptions about the nursing profession and the importance of successful interprofessional communication showed a new and deeper understanding of the topic. They were able to identify barriers and support measures of interprofessional communication and their own responsibilities as part of a team., Conclusion: Interprofessional education is an important part of medical education and should be a topic from the beginning. The assessment of the course shows that it is possible and important to integrate the topic early in the curriculum.

Published
2016
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6. Learning about general practice through qualitative interviews: lessons from a seminar course with medical students.

Author

von Unger H, Werwick K, Lichte T, and Herrmann M

Subjects
Clinical Competence, Education, Medical, Faculty, Medical, Focus Groups, Germany, Humans, Teaching, Curriculum, General Practice education, Interviews as Topic, Learning, Qualitative Research, Students, Medical
Abstract

Background: A seminar course was developed in order to train medical students in qualitative research methods, while providing an introduction to the field of General Practice. Students were enabled to conduct semi-structured interviews with general practitioners (GPs), during which they learned about the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of frequently encountered medical problems. The course was carried out four times at two universities in Germany., Aims: The study explores the students' learning experiences focusing on their research experience., Methods: Data were collected in four focus groups and analyzed., Results: The students perceived the course as very different from their usual medical education. This was appreciated, but also caused some difficulties. Three themes emerged: (1) Missing 'facts', (2) New horizons: 'Thinking outside the box', and (3) The challenge of interpretation: 'Reading between the lines'., Conclusions: Learning qualitative research methods can be particularly challenging for medical students as the tasks and epistemology of qualitative research run counter to the usual learning formats and research paradigms in medical education. When teaching qualitative research, special care should be taken to address the cognitive dissonance experienced by students and to explain the unique contribution of qualitative research to medical practice and the field of General Practice especially.

Published
2010
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7. Vom HAM-Nat bis zum 'Physikum' - Analyse der Studienerfolgsparameter vor und nach Einführung eines Naturwissenschaftstests im Zulassungsverfahren

Author

Werwick, Katrin, Winkler-Stuck, Kirstin, and Robra, Bernt-Peter

Subjects
Students, Medical, 020205 medical informatics, Universities, lcsh:Medicine, 02 engineering and technology, Studienbewerberauswahl Medizin, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, AdH, School Admission Criteria, 030212 general & internal medicine, Students, Selection procedure, Schools, Medical, medical studies, lcsh:LC8-6691, lcsh:Special aspects of education, Medizinstudium, lcsh:R, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine, selection of applicants for studying medicine, 1st section of the medical state exam, Auswahlverfahren, HAM-Nat, ddc: 610, Educational Measurement, 1. Abschnitt der ärztlichen Prüfung
Abstract

Background/Objectives: For the winter semester 2012/13, the Medical School of Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg introduced the HAM-Nat test (Hamburg Assessment Test for Medical Degrees - Natural Sciences Section) for the selection of its study applicants with the aim of improving the academic success of their students in the pre-clinical part which has a heavy emphasis on natural sciences. The study examines the extent to which the new University Selection Procedure (AdH) influences two criteria for measuring students’ success, compliance with the standard period of study up until the first part of the medical state exam (M1) and its result. Methodology: A comparison of above-mentioned parameters for measuring student success for the matriculation years 2008-2011 (no HAM-Nat test, Pre-Matriculation) and those of the matriculation years 2012-2014 (Nat-Matriculation), whose students have passed the HAM-Nat test in the selection process of the university. In addition, it was taken into account the number of course certificates gained within the standard time period. In the Nat-Matriculation, the HAM-Nat results were merged with the associated M1 exam results. Results: The proportion of AdH students who were admitted to the Physikum (first part of the medical state exam (M1)) within the standard period of study only increased slightly in the period studied. Within the AdH group, 70% of the Pre-Matriculation group gained entry to the second phase of studies without delay, rising to 78% in the AdH-group of the Nat-Matriculation. For all admission groups taken together, the overall grades for the first section of the medical state exam 2010-2016 show a positive trend, regardless of the selection procedure. The proportion of correctly answered questions in the nationwide M1 increased accordingly in the period studied. The better those matriculating had performed in the HAM-Nat test, the better their results were in the written and oral parts of the first part of the medical state exam. Conclusion: Although a significant proportion of students in the AdH group had obtained their place of study only on the basis of their test result and the score in the HAM-Nat test only weakly correlated with the school leaving grade (Abitur), the quantifiable study success parameters to date - in an albeit short observation period before and after introduction of the test - improved slightly. The number of Nat-Matriculations is too low to be able to assess the effect of the HAM-Nat test bearing in mind natural fluctuations. Nevertheless, the HAM-Nat test as an instrument of selection also made it possible for candidates with originally insufficient Abitur grades to gain admission without negative effects on the study success of the AdH cohort., Hintergrund/Zielsetzung: Die Medizinische Fakultät der Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg hat zum Wintersemester 2012/13 den HAM-Nat-Test (Hamburger Auswahlverfahren für Medizinische Studiengänge – Naturwissenschaftsteil) zur Auswahl ihrer Studienbewerber mit dem Ziel eingeführt, den Studienerfolg ihrer Studierenden im vorrangig naturwissenschaftlich geprägten vorklinischen Studienabschnitt zu verbessern. Untersucht wird, inwieweit das neue Auswahlverfahren der Hochschule (AdH) zwei Kriterien des Studienerfolgs beeinflusst, nämlich die Einhaltung der Regelstudienzeit bis zum 1. Abschnitt der Ärztlichen Prüfung (M1) und dessen Ergebnis. Methodik: Die genannten Studienerfolgsparameter der Matrikel 2008-2011 (ohne HAM-Nat-Test, Vor-Matrikel) werden mit denen der Matrikel 2012-2014 (Nat-Matrikel) verglichen, deren Studierende im Auswahlverfahren der Hochschule den HAM-Nat-Test abgelegt haben. Außerdem wurde die Anzahl der in der Regelzeit bestandenen Leistungsnachweise berücksichtigt. In der Nat-Matrikel wurden die HAM-Nat-Ergebnisse mit den zugehörigen M1-Prüfungsergebnissen zusammengeführt. Ergebnisse: Der Anteil der AdH-Studierenden, der in der Regelstudienzeit zur M1-Prüfung zugelassen werden konnte, ist in der untersuchten Zeitreihe nur gering gestiegen. Innerhalb der AdH Gruppe erreichten 70% der Vor-Matrikel verzögerungsfrei den zweiten Studienabschnitt, in der AdH-Gruppe der Nat-Matrikel 78%. Für alle Zulassungsquoten zusammengenommen ist bzgl. der Gesamtprädikate im 1. Abschnitt der Ärztlichen Prüfung von 2010-2016 unabhängig vom Auswahlverfahren ein positiver Trend zu verzeichnen. Der Anteil der richtig beantworteten Fragen in der bundesweiten M1-Prüfung stieg dazu passend im Beobachtungszeitraum. Je besser die Immatrikulierten im HAM-Nat-Test abgeschnitten hatten, desto besser waren ihre Ergebnisse im schriftlichen und im mündlichen Teil des 1. Abschnitts der ärztlichen Prüfung. Schlussfolgerung: Obwohl ein nennenswerter Teil der Studierenden in der AdH-Quote ihren Studienplatz erst aufgrund ihres Testergebnisses erhalten hatte und die Punktzahl im HAM-Nat-Test nur schwach mit der Abiturnote korreliert, haben sich die bisher quantifizierbaren Studienerfolgsparameter im allerdings nur kurzen Beobachtungszeitraum vor und nach Einführung des Tests gering positiv verändert. Die Zahl der Nat-Matrikel ist zu gering, um den Effekt des HAM-Nat-Tests in seinen natürlichen Schwankungen beurteilen zu können. Dennoch ermöglicht der HAM-Nat-Test als Auswahlinstrument auch Bewerbern mit primär unzureichend zulassungsfähigen Abiturdurchschnittsnoten Erfolg im Zulassungsverfahren, ohne den Studienerfolg der AdH-Kohorte zu verschlechtern., GMS Journal for Medical Education; 35(3):Doc30

Published
2017

8. Preparation courses for medical clerkships and the final clinical internship in medical education – The Magdeburg Curriculum for Healthcare Competence

Author

Spura, Anke, Werwick, Katrin, Feißel, Annemarie, Gottschalk, Marc, Winkler-Stuck, Kirstin, Robra, Bernt-Peter, Braun-Dullaeus, Rüdiger C., and Stieger, Philipp

Subjects
Students, Medical, Versorgungskompetenz, 020205 medical informatics, interprofessional collaboration, clerkship, lcsh:Medicine, 02 engineering and technology, Praxiskompetenz, Medical studies, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, practical competence, Skillslab, lcsh:LC8-6691, Education, Medical, lcsh:Special aspects of education, Medizinstudium, Praktisches Jahr, practice-oriented phases, lcsh:R, Clinical Clerkship, Internship and Residency, Vorbereitungsseminar, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine, skills workshop, Interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit, ddc: 610, internship "final clinical year" (PJ), preparatory seminar, Famulatur, Clinical Competence, Curriculum, Praxisphasen
Abstract

Background/Goals: Supporting medical students entering their internships – the clinical clerkship and the internship “final clinical year” (Praktisches Jahr, PJ) – the seminars “Ready for Clerkship” and “Ready for PJ” were held for the first time in 2014 and continued successfully in 2015. These seminars are part of the “Magdeburg Curriculum for Healthcare Competence” (Magdeburger Curriculum zur Versorgungskompetenz, MCV). The concept comprises three main issues: “Understanding interdisciplinary clinical procedures”, “Interprofessional collaboration”, and “Individual cases and their reference to the system.” The aim of the seminar series is to prepare students as medical trainees for their role in the practice-oriented clinical clerkship and PJ, respectively. Methods: Quality assurance evaluations and didactic research are integral parts of the seminars. In preparation for the “Ready for PJ” seminar a needs assessment was conducted. The seminars were rated by the participants using an anonymized questionnaire consisting of a 5-choice Likert scale (ranging from 1=fully agree to 5=fully disagree) and spaces for comments that was generated by the evaluation software Evasys. Results: The results are presented for the preparatory seminars “Ready for Clerkship” and “Fit für PJ” held in 2014 and 2015. Overall, the students regarded the facultative courses as very good preparation for the clerkship as well as for the PJ. The three-dimensional main curricular concept of the MCV was recognized in the evaluation as a valuable educational approach. Interprofessional collaboration, taught by instructors focussing in teamwork between disciplines, was scored positively and highly valued. Conclusions: The “Magdeburg Curriculum for Healthcare Competence” (MCV) integrates clerkship and PJ in a framing educational concept and allows students a better appreciation of their role in patient care and the tasks that they will face. The MCV concept can be utilized in other practice-oriented phases (nursing internship, bed-side teaching, block internships)., Hintergrund/ Zielsetzung: Zur Vorbereitung der Praxisphasen Famulatur und Praktisches Jahr (PJ) wurden im Jahr 2014 erstmalig die Seminare „Fit für Famulatur“ und „Fit für PJ“ durchgeführt und 2015 erfolgreich fortgesetzt. Das „Magdeburger Curriculum zur Versorgungskompetenz“ (MCV) bildet dafür den programmatischen Rahmen. Diese curriculare Leitidee umfasst drei Themenfelder „interdisziplinäre klinische Abläufe verstehen“, „interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit“, „Einzelfall- und Systembezug“. Ziel ist es, die Studierenden für ihre Rolle in den Praxisphasen Famulatur und PJ zu stärken. Methodik: Qualitätssichernde Evaluationen und Lehrforschung begleiten die Fit-für-Lehrveranstaltungen. Der Konzeption des „Fit für PJ“-Seminars ging außerdem eine Bedarfsanalyse zu möglichen Inhalten voraus. Die Fit-für-Seminarreihe wurde mit einem anonymisierten Fragebogen evaluiert, der aus einer 5-stufigen Likert-Skala („1=stimme voll zu“ bis „5=stimme nicht zu“) und Freitextfeldern bestand und mit der Evaluationssoftware Evasys generiert wurde. Ergebnisse: Vorgestellt werden die Ergebnisse der Vorbereitungsseminare „Fit für Famulatur“ und „Fit für PJ“ 2014 und 2015. Insgesamt sahen die Studierenden das fakultative Lehrangebot als sehr gute Vorbereitung auf die anstehenden Famulaturen sowie das Praktische Jahr an. Die dreiteilige curriculare Leitidee wurde als sinnvoller didaktischer Ansatz in der Evaluation anerkannt. Interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit wurde positiv bewertet, von einem interprofessionellen DozentInnen-Team umgesetzt und sehr geschätzt. Schlussfolgerung: Das „Magdeburger Curriculum zur Versorgungskompetenz“ (MCV) integriert Famulatur und PJ in ein nachhaltiges didaktisches Gesamtkonzept und ermöglicht Studierenden, ihre Aufgaben/Rolle in der Patientenversorgung besser wahrzunehmen. Das MCV kann in weiteren Praxisphasen (Pflegepraktikum, UAK, Blockpraktika) eingesetzt werden., GMS Journal for Medical Education; 33(3):Doc40

Published
2016

9. Introduction of the HAM-Nat examination – applicants and students admitted to the Medical Faculty in 2012-2014

Author

Werwick, Katrin, Winkler-Stuck, Kirstin, Hampe, Wolfgang, Albrecht, Peggy, and Robra, Bernt-Peter

Subjects
Adult, Male, Faculty, Medical, Students, Medical, Universities, Attitude of Health Personnel, Studienbewerberauswahl Medizin, Article, Young Adult, Germany, AdH, Humans, School Admission Criteria, Selection procedure, lcsh:LC8-6691, lcsh:R5-920, Education, Medical, lcsh:Special aspects of education, Medizinstudium, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine, Auswahlverfahren, Study of Medicine, HAM-Nat, Studierendensurvey, Student Survey, University Admission Procedure (AdH), Female, Educational Measurement, Selection of Applicants to Study Medicine, lcsh:Medicine (General)
Abstract

Background/aim: In the 2012/13 winter semester, the Magdeburg Medical Faculty introduced a test of knowledge for the selection of applicants. The Hamburg Assessment Test for Medicine - Natural Sciences (HAM-Nat) comprises a multiple-choice test with questions on the aspects of biology, physics, chemistry and mathematics relevant to medicine, which was specifically developed for the selection of medicine applicants. The aim is to study how the HAM-Nat influences student selection, the reasons why students decide to take the test as part of their application procedure and what expectations they have of their course of study. Methods: The selection procedures applied at the university in 2011 (without HAM-Nat) and in 2012-2014 (with HAM-Nat) are compared. On the basis of the results of exploratory interviews, university entrants in winter semester 2013/2014 participated in a written survey on why they chose their subject and place of study and their expectations of their course of study. Results: No problems were encountered in introducing the extended selection procedure that included the HAM-Nat Test. The HAM-Nat had a great influence on the selection decision. About 65% of the students admitted would not have obtained a place if the decision had been based exclusively on their Abitur grade [grade obtained in the German school-leaving examination]. On average, male applicants obtained better HAM-Nat results than female ones. The questionnaire was answered by 147 out of 191 university entrants (77%). In the case of applicants from Saxony-Anhalt, the principle reasons for choosing the regional capital are its proximity, the social environment offered, good conditions for studying and the feel-good factor at the university. For the majority of applicants, however, particularly applicants from other federal states, the relatively good chances of admission in Magdeburg were the main reason. Conclusion: The Magdeburg Medical Faculty regards the HAM-Nat as a suitable tool for selecting applicants with outstanding knowledge of natural sciences and thus of increasing and harmonising levels of knowledge at the start of the course. Completion of the standard period of study and success in the 1st part of the German Medical Examination will be the subject of further observation of the students. The HAM-Nat, as a performance-related selection procedure, is not suitable for giving active preference to natives of Saxony-Anhalt in the application procedure but their number has increased since it was introduced. Applicants primarily use the selection procedure tactically to obtain the university place they want to study medicine. Specifics relating to curricula and university profile and research areas are not critical to their choice., Hintergrund/Zielsetzung: Die Medizinische Fakultät Magdeburg hat zum Wintersemester 2012/13 einen Wissenstest zur Auswahl ihrer Studienbewerber eingeführt. Das Hamburger Auswahlverfahren für medizinische Studiengänge - Naturwissenschaftsteil (HAM-Nat) umfasst einen Multiple Choice-Test mit Fragen zu medizinisch relevanten Aspekten der Fächer Biologie, Physik, Chemie und Mathematik, der speziell für die Auswahl von Medizinbewerbern entwickelt wurde. Es wird untersucht, wie der HAM-Nat die Studierendenauswahl beeinflusst, aus welchen Gründen sich Studierende im Rahmen des Bewerbungsverfahrens für die Teilnahme am Test entscheiden und welche Erwartungen sie an das Studium haben. Methodik: Die Auswahlverfahren der Hochschule 2011 (ohne HAM-Nat) und 2012-2014 (mit HAM-Nat) werden verglichen. Aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen explorativer Interviews wurden erstmalig Studienanfänger des Wintersemesters 2013/2014 zur Wahl von Studienfach und Studienort sowie zu ihren Erwartungen an das Studium schriftlich befragt. Ergebnisse: Das um den HAM-Nat-Test erweiterte Auswahlverfahren wurde problemlos eingeführt. Der HAM-Nat hatte einen großen Einfluss auf die Auswahlentscheidung. Rund 65% der Zugelassenen hätten bei ausschließlicher Berücksichtigung der Abiturnote keinen Studienplatz erhalten. Männliche Bewerber zeigten im Durchschnitt bessere HAM-Nat-Ergebnisse als weibliche. Den Fragebogen beantworteten 147 von 191 Studienanfängern(77%). Für Studienbewerber aus Sachsen-Anhalt sind Hauptgründe für die Wahl der Landeshauptstadt die regionale Nähe, das vorhandene soziale Umfeld, die guten Studienbedingungen und der Wohlfühlcharakter am Studienort. Für die Mehrzahl der Bewerber, insbesondere für Bewerber aus anderen Bundesländern, standen dagegen die relativ guten Zulassungschancen in Magdeburg im Vordergrund. Schlussfolgerung: Die Medizinische Fakultät Magdeburg sieht im HAM-Nat ein geeignetes Instrument, um Bewerber mit hervorragenden naturwissenschaftlichen Kenntnissen auszuwählen und so den Kenntnisstand zu Beginn des Studiums zu heben und zu harmonisieren. Die Einhaltung der Regelstudienzeit und der Erfolg im 1. Abschnitt der Ärztlichen Prüfung werden Gegenstand weiterer Beobachtung der Studierenden sein. Als leistungsbezogener Auswahltest ist der HAM-Nat nicht geeignet, Landeskinder im Zulassungsverfahren aktiv zu bevorzugen, dennoch hat ihre Anzahl nach Einführung des HAM-Nat zugenommen. Die Bewerber nutzen das Auswahlverfahren vorrangig taktisch, um ihren Wunschstudienplatz Medizin zu erhalten. Curriculare Spezifika bzw. die Profil- und Forschungsschwerpunkte der Universität sind nicht auswahlentscheidend., GMS Zeitschrift für Medizinische Ausbildung; 32(5):Doc53

Published
2015

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