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Recently, Majorana fermions (MFs) have attracted intensive attention due to their exotic statistics and possible applications in topological quantum computation. They are proposed to exist in various two-dimensional (2D) topological systems, such as topological superconductor (SC) and nanowire-superconducting hybridization system. In this paper, we point out that Majorana fermions in different topological systems obey different types of polygon sign rules. A numerical approach is described to identify the type of polygon sign rule of the Majorana fermions. Applying the approach to study two 2D topological systems, we find that vortex-induced Majorana fermions obey topological polygon sign rule and line-defect-induced Majorana fermions obey normal polygon sign rule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, Majorana fermions have attracted intensive attention because of their possible non-Abelian statistics and potential applications in topological quantum computation. This paper describes an approach to verify the non-Abelian statistics of Majorana fermions in topological superconductors. From the relationship between the braiding operator of Majorana fermions and that of Bogoliubov–de Gennes states, we determine that Majorana fermions in one-dimensional and two-dimensional topological superconductors both obey non-Abelian statistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]