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Tecidos biológicos obtidos de diferentes espécies e conservados por vários meios têm sido aplicados com sucesso na reparação de tendões. Foram utilizados 24 coelhos (Oryctolagus cuniculis) da raça Nova Zelândia, machos, separados em quatro grupos de igual número, para avaliação da reparação cicatricial do tendão do músculo gastrocnêmio decorridos os períodos de 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias de pós-operatório (PO). Em cada animal de todos os grupos, o tendão do músculo gastrocnêmio dos membros pélvico esquerdo (tratado) e direito (controle) foi seccionado e submetido à síntese com sutura modificada de Kessler e pontos de reforço. O local da tenorrafia do tendão do membro pélvico esquerdo foi envolvido por um segmento de jejuno homólogo, preservado em glicerina a 98%. Aos 15 dias, o enxerto encontrava-se em processo de reabsorção avançada, com infiltrado inflamatório e neovascularização. A partir dos 15 dias de PO notou-se evolução no processo cicatricial com substituição do tecido de granulação em conjuntivo denso modelado, sendo o tecido cicatricial mais organizado e mais maduro em relação ao dos tendões controle. O segmento intestinal livre, desprovido de epitélio e lâmina própria da túnica mucosa, homólogo, conservado em glicerina a 98%, estimula a fibroproliferação no local do implante. Por tratar-se de um método eficiente e de fácil execução, pode ser indicado na reparação de secção de tendão do músculo gastrocnêmio de coelhos. Biological tissues obtained from different species and preserved by various methods have been successfully used in the tendon repair. Twenty-four male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculis) of the New Zealand race were used and divided in four groups containing six animais per group in order to evaluate the cicatricial repair of the tendon o f gastrocnemius muscle at 15, 30, 60 and 90 days post-surgery (PS). Thus, the tendon o f gatrocnemius muscle o f left (treated group) and right (control group) hindlimb o f all animais was sectioned and submitted to synthesis through Kessler modified suture and strengthening points. In the site o f the tenorrhaphy, the left hindlimb was involved by a homologous jejunum segment preserved in 98% glycerin. At the 15 days PS, the graft showed advaced reabsorption process with inflammatory infíltrate and neovascularization . After 15 days PS, it was observed an evolution in the cicatricial process with replacement of granulation tissue for modeled dense connective tissue and more organized and matured cicatricial tissue as compared to the control tendons. The homologous free intestinal segment without epithelium and lam ina própria of the mucous túnica, preserved in 98% glycerin, stimulated the fibroproliferation in the graft site. This method showed to be easy to perform and can be indicated in the repair of sectioned tendon of the gatrocnemius muscle in rabbits. Dissertação (Mestrado)

The mesenteric arteries of birds are important for the irrigation of the digestive tract and are associated with weight gain and food conversion. This study aimed to describe the origins, skeletopy, measures and main branches of cranial and caudal mesenteric arteries in ostriches. Forty-one cadavers of ostrich chicks, 23 males and 18 females, obtained from a farmer after natural death. The cadavers were fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution and their vascular system was filled with colored Petrolatex® S-65. The cranial and caudal mesenteric arteries and its proximal branches were dissected in situ and measured with a digital caliper. The mesenteric artery had an average length of 3.68cm±1.04 and emerged from the descending aorta at the level of the eighth thoracic vertebra in most cases; it branched into jejunal and ileocecal arteries. The jejunal artery sent a mean of 14 (14.04±2.08) branches to the jejunum. The ileocecal artery sent a rectal branch and another branch that irrigated ileum, cecum and rectum. In a male specimen the ileocecal artery was originated from the celiac artery. The caudal mesenteric artery emerged in the terminal portion of the descending aorta predominantly at the level of the 4th and 6th sacrocaudal vertebrae. Near the caudal end of the kidney it issued the cranial and caudal branches. The first irrigated the rectum and anastomosed with the rectal branch of the cranial mesenteric artery; the second irrigated the final part of the rectum, cloaca and cloacal bursa. There was no significant difference (p

PURPOSE: Ischemia and reperfusion of the small intestine disrupts gut barrier, causes bacterial translocation and activates inflammatory responses. An experimental study was planned to evaluate if 99mTc labelled Escherichia coli translocates to mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lung and serum of rats submitted to mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion. Additionally, it was observed if the time of reperfusion influences the level of translocation. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats underwent 45 minutes of gut ischemia by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery. The translocation of labelled bacteria to different organs and portal serum was determined in rats reperfused for 30 minutes, 24 hours, sham(S) and controls(C), using radioactivity count and colony forming units/g (CFU). RESULTS: All the organs from rats observed for 24 hours after reperfusion had higher levels of radioactivity and positive cultures (CFU) than did the organs of rats reperfused for 30 minutes, C and S, except in the spleen (p

OBJETIVO: Verificar as possíveis alterações morfológicas da parede intestinal provocadas pela contaminação de uma monocultura bacteriana na cavidade abdominal de ratos, após tratamento por drenagem, lavagem e a combinação destes dois processos. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 50 ratos fêmeas da linhagem Wistar, foram distribuídos em 5 subgrupos: grupo Controle (C) - recebeu um inóculo padrão com 1,2.10(9) de Pseudomonas aeruginosa, intraperitonial, sem nenhum tipo de tratamento; grupo Dreno (D) - inóculo padrão e realizada a drenagem da cavidade abdominal; grupo Lavado (L) - inóculo e realizada a lavagem da cavidade abdominal com solução salina; grupo L+D - inóculo e submetido aos dois tipos de tratamentos; grupo Normal (N) sem nenhum tipo de inoculação ou tratamento. Realizou-se a análise morfométrica das lâminas coradas por H.E da mucosa intestinal e hemocultura. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes na espessura da mucosa intestinal entre os 5 subgrupos de ratos analisados no período de 24 horas após a injeção do inóculo. 37 animais que receberam o inóculo evoluíram para o óbtito entre 5,83 e 28 horas, com 2 animais do grupo L sobrevivendo por um período de 28 horas. CONCLUSÃO: A sepse aguda não causou alterações morfológicas mensuráveis através desta metodologia na parede intestinal. PURPOSE: To verify which are the possible morphological alterations caused by the contamination of a bacterial monoculture in the abdominal cavity of rats, after treatment by draining, washing and the combination of those two processes. METHODS: Fifty adult female rats were distributed in five groups: 1. Control: intraperitoneal injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 2. Drainage: intraperitoneal injection of P.aeruginosa and drainage of the abdominal cavity, after 6 hours. 3. Washed intraperitoneal injection of P.aeruginosa and washing of the abdominal cavity, after 6 hours. 4. Washed + drainage: intraperitoneal injection of P.aeruginosa plus drainage and washing of the cavity, after 6 hours 5. Normal: evaluation of the normal intestinal wall. After death, blood culture and peritoneal culture were performed. Fragments of jejunum were removed and processed histologically for morphometric measure. RESULTS: There were not statistically significant differences on the intestinal mucosa's thickness between the 5 groups analyzed in the period of 24 hours. From the 40 animals which received the inoculum, 37 evoluted to death in between 5.83 and 28 hours, with 2 animals from group L surviving for a period of 28 hours. CONCLUSION: The acute sepsis did not cause measurable morphological alterations through this methodology in the intestinal wall of these animals.

OBJETIVO: A avaliação do fluxo sangüíneo mesentérico utilizando-se a Dopplervelocimetria transcutânea de artéria mesentérica superior (AMS) é método não invasivo que permite avaliar fatores envolvidos na perfusão sangüínea intestinal. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar as variáveis Dopplervelocimétricas da AMS em recém-nascidos normais a termo, relacionando-as aos fatores ligados a gestação e crescimento fetal. MÉTODOS: A amostra continha 58 mães e 59 recém-nascidos a termo (1 gestação gemelar), cujos partos ocorreram no Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Utilizou-se equipamento Toshiba SSH 140 com sistema duplex-Doppler colorido de alta resolução, avaliando-se a AMS na sua origem, determinando-se calibre, velocidade sistólica, velocidade diastólica, velocidade média e índices de resistência e pulsatilidade. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se que a média do calibre da artéria mesentérica superior foi 1.94 mm, a média da velocidade sistólica. 86.47 cm/s, a média da velocidade diastólica 17.66 cm/s e a média da velocidade média, 36.93 cm/s. Os valores médios dos índices de resistência e pulsatilidade foram respectivamente 0.79 e 1.91. O calibre da AMS correlacionou-se positivamente com o peso de nascimento e negativamente com o perímetro cefálico ; velocidades e índices guardam relação com os dados antropométricos do recém-nascido, com o número de horas de vida, com o número de minutos em jejum e com o peso da mãe no fim da gestação. CONCLUSÃO: As variáveis Doppleervelocimetricas estão relacionadas a variáveis maternas e dos recém-nascidos, discutem-se fatores possivelmente implicados na associação. Sexo do recém-nascido e peso da mãe no inicio da gestação não alteraram nossos resultados. OBJECTIVE: The evaluation of mesenteric blood flow using transcutaneous Dopplervelocimetry of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is a non-invasive method for evaluation of the factors involving the intestinal sanguineous perfusion. This study was carried out to determine the SMA Dopplervelocimetry variables in term newborns, relating them to gestation and to fetal growth. METHODS: Fifty-eight mothers and their 59 neonates (one twin gestation) whose deliveries occurred at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein were included. Toshiba SSH 140 equipment with color duplex-Dopplersystem of high-resolution was used, evaluating the SMA in its origim, determining caliber, systolic velocity, diastolic velocity, mean velocity and resistance and pulsatility indexes. RESULTS: It was observed that the caliber of superior mesenteric artery was 1.94 mm; the mean of systolic velocity was 86.47 cm/s ; the mean of diastolic velocity was 17.66 cm/s and mean velocity 36.93 .The indexes of resistance and pulsatility were 0.79 and 1.91 ( DP 0.46 and 9.54) respectively. The SMA caliber correlated positively with birth weight and negatively with cephalic perimeter. The velocities and indexes are related to the anthropometric data of the newborn, to hours after birth, to minutes of fasting and to the mother's weight at the end of gestation. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the SMA Dopplervelocimetric variables are related to the maternal and newborns' variables; possible factors involving this association are discussed. Characteristics such as newborn gender and mother's weight at the beginning of gestation did not alter results.

Doze cães foram separados em dois grupos de igual número e submetidos à remoção de um retalho de 3,0 x 3,5cm do esôfago cervical. A abertura foi ocluída com enxerto de segmento intestinal livre autólogo desprovido de epitélio e lâmina própria da túnica mucosa, com pontos simples separados por fio poliglactina 910. Os animais do grupo 1 foram observados durante 15 dias de pós-operatório, e os do grupo 2, durante 30 dias. Observou-se epitelização e discreta estenose no local do enxerto com invasão de tecido conjuntivo denso rico em fibras colágenas. O enxerto de segmento intestinal livre autólogo foi eficiente no reparo de rupturas do esôfago cervical de cães.Twelve dogs were allocated in two groups with same number of animals and submitted to removal of a 3.0 x 3.5cm piece of the cervical esophagus. The incision was occluded with a autograft of free intestinal segment without epithelium and lamina propria of the mucosa, with separate simples points using poliglactina 910 line. Animals of the group 1 were observed for 15 days post-surgery, and the animals from group 2, for 30 days. Epithelization and discreet stenosis in the place of the graft with invasion of dense conjunctive tissue, rich in collagen fibers was noticed. The autograft free intestinal segment was efficient in the repair of ruptures in the cervical segment of the canine esophagous.

Neuroendocrine tumors originating from the small bowel frequently metastasize to the lymph nodes and/or liver. Although surgical extirpation of the primary tumor and locoregional metastases epitomizes the management of patients with such tumors, this is not always possible with conventional surgical techniques. Nonresectable, slow-growing tumors involving the mesenteric root represent a generally accepted indication for deceased donor intestinal and multivisceral transplantation. Furthermore, vascularized sentinel forearm flaps offer opportunities for monitoring graft rejection and tailoring immunosuppression regimens. Here, we report the first documented case of modified liver-free multivisceral transplantation preceded by neoadjuvant 177-lutetium peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in a patient with a small bowel neuroendocrine tumor and extensive lymph node metastases in the mesenterium. At a follow-up of 21 months the patient is biochemically and radiologically disease-free. Fil: Frilling, A.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Giele, H.. University of Oxford; Reino Unido Fil: Vrakas, G.. University of Oxford; Reino Unido Fil: Reddy, S.. University of Oxford; Reino Unido Fil: Macedo, R.. University of Oxford; Reino Unido Fil: Al Nahhas, A.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Wassan, H.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Clift, A. K.. Imperial College London; Reino Unido Fil: Gondolesi, Gabriel Eduardo. Fundación Favaloro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Vianna, R. M.. University of Miami; Estados Unidos Fil: Friend, P.. University of Oxford; Reino Unido Fil: Vaidya, A.. University of Oxford; Reino Unido

Vários métodos são utilizados para avaliar e estimar as lesões intestinais de isquemia e reperfusão (IR). Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho é realizar o estudo comparativo dos aspectos colorimétrico e histológico da lesão intestinal após IR. Para tal, foram utilizados 30 ratos Wistar, machos, pesando entre 310 a 410g, distribuídos em 3 grupos: Grupo Controle (GC), Grupo Isquemia e Reperfusão-1 (GIR-1) e Grupo Isquemia e Reperfusão-3 (GIR-3), com 10 animais cada. Nos grupos GIR-1 e GIR-3 foi realizada isquemia intestinal, por meio de falsa ligadura da artéria mesentérica anterior, durante 30 minutos e após esta a perfusão sangüínea foi restaurada. Estes animais foram submetidos a eutanásia após 1 e 3 dias de reperfusão, respectivamente, sendo colhido material para realização dos estudos colorimétrico, usando o Methyl Thiazolyl Blue (MTT) e histológico pela hematoxilina e eosina. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram uma menor proporção de células viáveis e um maior grau de lesão da túnica mucosa nos animais do grupo GIR-3 em relação ao controle (p

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:55:30Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:55:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001-02-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:48:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001-02-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:14:09Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:14:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001-02-01 Descrevem-se os achados clínico, cirúrgico e anatomopatológico de intussuscepção em quatro bovinos fêmeas. Observaram-se intussuscepção do jejuno, com obstrução total, em três animais, e intussuscepção do cólon, com obstrução parcial, em um animal. A presença de parasitismo intenso por Oesophagostomum sp. em dois animais sugere a participação desse parasita na gênese da intussuscepção. The clinical, surgical, and anatomopathologic findings of four cases of intussusception in cattle are described. In three cows it was observed jejunum intussusception with total obstruction, and in one cow, intussusception of the colon with partial obstruction. The presence of massive parasitism by Oesophagostomum sp. in two animals suggests the participation of this parasite in the genesis of the intussusception. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias

CONTEXT: Magnesium support to small bowel resection patients. OBJECTIVE: Incidence and treatment of hypomagnesemia in patients with extensive small bowel resection. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Metabolic Unit of the University Hospital Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil. PATIENTS: Fifteen patients with extensive small bowel resection who developed short bowel syndrome. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Serum magnesium control of patients with bowel resection. Replacement of magnesium when low values were found. RESULTS: Initial serum magnesium values were obtained 21 to 180 days after surgery. Hypomagnesemia [serum magnesium below 1.5 mEq/l (SD 0.43)] was detected in 40% of the patients [1,19 mEq/l (SD 0.22)]. During the follow-up period, 66% of the patients presented at least two values below reference (1.50 mEq/l). 40% increased their serum values after magnesium therapy. CONCLUSION: Metabolic control of serum magnesium should be followed up after extensive small bowel resection. Hypomagnesemia may be found and should be controlled. CONTEXTO: Suporte nutricional de magnésio em pacientes com ressecção de intestino curto. OBJETIVO: Analisar a incidência e tratamento de hipomagnesemia em pacientes com pequena ressecção extensiva do intestino. TIPO DE ESTUDO: Estudo retrospectivo. LOCAL: Unidade Metabólica Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - Universidade de São Paulo. PACIENTES: 15 pacientes pós grande enterectomia evoluindo com Síndrome do Intestino Curto. VARIÁVEIS ESTUDADAS: Controle sérico de magnésio de pacientes com ressecção intestinal. Reposição de magnésio quando valores baixos foram encontrados. RESULTADOS: Valores séricos de magnésio iniciais [1,59 mEq/l (SD 0,43)] foram obtidos 21 a 180 dias após a cirurgia. Hipomagnesemia (magnésio sérico menor do que 1,5 mEq/l) foi detectada em 40% dos pacientes [1,19 mEq/l (SD 0,22)]. Durante o período de seguimento, 66% dos pacientes apresentaram pelo menos dois valores abaixo dos limites de referência. 40% aumentaram seus valores após terapia com magnésio. CONCLUSÃO: O controle metabólico do magnésio sérico deve ser feito após enterectomia extensa. Hipomagnesemia pode ser encontrada e deve ser controlada.

OBJETIVO: Apresentar uma nova técnica de alongamento intestinal usando enxerto gástrico em suínos. MÉTODOS: Quatro porcos machos large white pesando de 15 a 20 kg. foram submetidos ao alongamento intestinal utilizando enxerto gástrico. Os porcos foram reoperados para observação do aspecto da operação, neste momento, fragmentos intestinais contendo as linhas de sutura, respeitando uma margem de 5 cm, foram removidos e enviados para análise histológica. RESULTADOS: O estômago residual estava dilatado no momento da necrópsia, recuperando aproximadamente 50% do seu tamanho original aproximadamente 15 dias após a operação de alongamento. Somente atrofia intensa da mucosa gástrica foi observada no estudo histológico de todas as amostras, sem sinais de necrose. CONCLUSÃO: O alongamento com enxerto gástrico é tecnicamente viável, comprovado pela viabilidade do enxerto. Estudos com suínos com o SIC em uma maior cohort, serão necessários para analisar a função do enxerto gástrico. No futuro, essa técnica pode ser uma ponte para o transplante intestinal. OBJECTIVE: Novel experimental technique of intestinal lengthening with a gastric graft in swines is proposed. METHODS: Four male large white swines, weighing 15 to 20 kg and aging 50 to 60 days were underwent an intestinal lengthening using a gastric graft (Figure 1). Swines were re-operated to check the aspect of the lengthening surgery. At this time intestinal fragments of suture lines, respecting a 5 cm margin, were removed and sent to histological analysis. RESULTS: There wasn't any graft ischemia or necrosis, residual stomach was already dilated by the time of relaparotomies, regaining 50% of its original size. Only an intense atrophy of the gastric graft mucosa with no signs of necrosis at histological study (Figure 2). CONCLUSION: Lengthening using a gastric graft is technically feasible, with viability of the graft. Studies with swines with SBS in a larger co-hort will be necessary to analyze stomach graft function. In the future, this technique can be a bridge to intestinal transplantation.

PURPOSE: Evaluate the effect of flaxseed, olive and fish oil on the lipid profile, preservation of villosities and lymphocyte migration in the intestinal mucosa of Wistar rats. METHODS: Thirty Wistar male rats were divided into four groups, which received the AIN-93M diet, with changes only to their lipid source: flaxseed, olive, fish, and soy oil (control group). The serum was separated for the biochemical parameter analysis. A histological evaluation was performed in the ileal portion. RESULTS: The group which was fed fish oil presented lower values when compared to the other treatments for Total Cholesterol, High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triacylglycerol (p

Mesenteric lipodystrophy associated to ulcerative colitis. Case report Mesenteric lipodystrophy is part of a spectrum of idiopathic primary inflammatory and fibrotic processes that affect the mesentery. Pathophysiologically, these processes may affect the integrity of the gastrointestinal lumen and mesenteric vessels by a mass effect. We report a 64 year old male with an ulcerative colitis who consulted in the emergency room due to hematochezia. The computed tomography revealed a marked mesenteric thickening and colon and rectal wall lesions. The patient was subjected to a proctocolectomy with a good postoperative evolution.

The relation between hyperglycemia and diabetic neuropathy has already been demonstrated in some studies. Among the theories proposed for its etiology the oxidative stress stands out. The performance of nitric oxide as a link between the metabolic and vascular neuropathogenic factors that triggers the diabetic neuropathy has already been put forward. This study aimed to assess the quantification and measurements of the cell body profile area (CBPA) of NADPH-diaphorase reactive (NADPH-dp) myenteric neurons of the jejunum of diabetic rats (induced by streptozotocin) supplemented with Ascorbic Acid (AA). These changes in the myenteric neurons seem to be related to the gastrointestinal disturbances observed in diabetes mellitus (DM). Twenty male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were distributed in 4 groups (n=5): controls (C), control supplemented (CS), diabetic (D), and diabetic suplemented (DS). DM was induced by estreptozotocin (50mg/kg body wt). One week after the induction and confirmation of the DM (glycemia exam), animals of the groups CS and DS received 50mg of AA three times a week by gavage. After 90 days of experiment, the animals were anesthetized with lethal thiopental dose (40mg/kg) and the collected jejunum processed for the histochemistry NADPH-diaphorase technique. Whole-mount preparations were obtained for quantitative and morphometric analysis of the myenteric neurons. A quantity of jejunum neurons in the Group D (96±7.5) was not different (P>0.05) from Group DS (116±8.08), C (92±9.7), and CS (81±5.4), but in Group DS the quantity was higher (P0,05) dos Grupos DS (116±8,08), C (92±9,7) e CS (81±5,4), mas no Grupo DS o número de neurônios foi superior (P

Massive resection of the small intestine results in short bowel syndrome with anti-absorptive effect and repercussions on the metabolism. Morphologic and functional evaluation may be necessary in order to control wrapped organs. Scintigraphy an examination with little invading and no biologic damage can be used. The purpose were to assess the biodistribution of sodium pertecnetate in organs of rats subjected to massive resection of the small intestine, the intestinal adaptation of the remnant intestinal mucosa and weight curve evaluation in the postoperative period. Twenty-one Wistar rats were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 7). The operated group named short bowel (SB) after anesthetized was subjected to massive resection of the small intestine; the control group (C), and sham group (SHAM). On the 30th postoperative day, 0.l mL of sodium pertechnetate was injected into the venous orbital plexus. After 30 minutes, the rats were killed with an overdose of anesthetic, and fragments of the liver, spleen, pancreas, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, thyroid, lung, heart, kidney, bladder, muscle, femur and brain were harvested. The percentage of radioactivity per gram of tissue (%ATI/g) was determined using Gama Counter WizardTM 1470, PerkinElmer to all samples. Biopsies of 3 cm remaining jejunum were removed to histological analyses. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test for multiple comparisons were used, considering p0.05). An increase in the weight of the SB rats was observed after the second postoperative week. The jejunal mucosal thickness of the SB rats was significantly greater than that of C and sham rats (p

Objective: an intestinal reperfusion study with two aims: a) to assess the usefulness of intestinal capillary blood flow measurement by laser-Doppler for intestinal reperfusion studies; and b) to compare the effects of racemic and levo forms of folinic acid in treating the syndrome. Experimental design: a murine model of intestinal ischemia by completely clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 90 minutes. A comparison was made of three treatment groups: saline, folinic acid, and levo-folinic acid. The following factors were analyzed: changes in biochemical parameters (levels of creatine kinase, lactic dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase at 60 minutes, and at two and seven days after restoring blood flow), capillary flow in the jejunum and ileum by laser-Doppler (during ischemia and after the first hour of reperfusion), intestinal mucosa injury, and survival curve. Results: laser-Doppler provided reliable data on how the different treatments affected capillary flow during intestinal reperfusion. Levo-folinic acid improved capillary flow in the ileum after 25 minutes of reperfusion, and also reduced mucosal injury in the same stretch of intestine by the seventh day post-reperfusion (p < 0.05). On the other hand, it produced an initial increase in serum enzymes during reperfusion, and did not modify survival. Conclusions: the changes observed in intestinal capillary blood flow measurement by laser-Doppler have similarities with the effects of drugs on pathological mucosal changes. We could not prove that the levo form of folinic acid has a stronger protective effect versus racemic folinic acid in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion syndrome.

OBJETIVO: Avalizar a relação entre lesão mucosa e translocação bacteriana. MÉTODO: Utilizou-se 50 ratos distribuídos em 5 grupos: 1.Controle: injeção de inóculo padrão de Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2.Dreno: injeção do inóculo padrão e drenagem da cavidade abdominal, após 6 horas, 3.Lavado: injeção do inóculo padrão e lavagem da cavidade abdominal, após 6 horas, 4.Lavado + dreno: injeção do inóculo padrão e após 6 horas, drenagem e lavagem da cavidade, 5.Normal: avaliação histológica da parede intestinal normal. Após o óbito, realizou-se hemocultura e cultura peritoneal. Realizou-se medida da espessura total da parede do jejuno e da camada mucosa em vilosidades seccionadas de forma longitudinal. RESULTADOS: Na hemocultura, houve crescimento de Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Escherichia coli em 90% e 52,5% dos animais. Na cultura peritoneal, houve crescimento de P. aeruginosa, E. coli e Klebsiella sp em 87,5%, 85% e 5% dos animais. Quanto a altura da camada mucosa e da parede intestinal, não houve alteração estatisticamente significativa entre os 5 grupos. CONCLUSÃO: A sepse aguda não causou alteração na camada mucosa do intestino delgado e a translocação ocorrida não pode ser considerada como decorrente de uma lesão da mucosa intestinal. PURPOSE: Observe the relation between small intestine's mucosal injury and bacterial translocation. METHODS: 50 adult female rats were distributed in 5 groups: 1. Control: intraperitoneal injection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2. Drainage: intraperitoneal injection of P. aeruginosa and drainage of the abdominal cavity, after 6 hours, 3. Washed: intraperitoneal injection of P. aeruginosa and washing of the abdominal cavity, after 6 hours, 4. Washed + drainage: intraperitoneal injection of P. aeruginosa plus drainage and washing of the cavity, after 6 hours, 5. Normal: evaluation of the normal intestinal wall. After death, blood and peritoneal cultures were performed. Fragments of jejunum were processed histologically for morphometric measure of the total thickness of the jejujum's wall in comparison to the thickness of the mucosa + submucosa layer. RESULTS: In blood culture, there was growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli in 90% and 52,5% of the animals, respectively. In the peritoneal culture, there was growth of P aeruginosa, E.coli and Klebsiella sp in 87,5%, 85% and 5% of the animals. About the histological analysis and the thickness of the mucosa + submucosa's layer, there was not significant alteration. CONCLUSION: Acute sepsis did not develop any thickness alteration in the small intestine's mucosa layer. Bacterial translocation can not be a direct consequence produced by mucosal intestinal injury.

p.445-450 Submitted by Rigaud Andréa (andrearigaud16@yahoo.com.br) on 2011-10-05T18:09:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 a13v32n3.pdf: 391967 bytes, checksum: 6306eab13a74bd223c39e6c17afb9721 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2011-10-05T18:09:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 a13v32n3.pdf: 391967 bytes, checksum: 6306eab13a74bd223c39e6c17afb9721 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-06 Doze cães foram separados em dois grupos de igual número e submetidos à remoção de um retalho de 3,0 x 3,5cm do esôfago cervical. A abertura foi ocluída com enxerto de segmento intestinal livre autólogo desprovido de epitélio e lâmina própria da túnica mucosa, com pontos simples separados por fio poliglactina 910. Os animais do grupo 1 foram observados durante 15 dias de pós-operatório, e os do grupo 2, durante 30 dias. Observou-se epitelização e discreta estenose no local do enxerto com invasão de tecido conjuntivo denso rico em fibras colágenas. O enxerto de segmento intestinal livre autólogo foi eficiente no reparo de rupturas do esôfago cervical de cães. Santa Maria

Doze cães foram separados em dois grupos de igual número e submetidos à remoção de um retalho de 3,0 x 3,5cm do esôfago cervical. A abertura foi ocluída com enxerto de segmento intestinal livre autólogo desprovido de epitélio e lâmina própria da túnica mucosa, com pontos simples separados por fio poliglactina 910. Os animais do grupo 1 foram observados durante 15 dias de pós-operatório, e os do grupo 2, durante 30 dias. Observou-se epitelização e discreta estenose no local do enxerto com invasão de tecido conjuntivo denso rico em fibras colágenas. O enxerto de segmento intestinal livre autólogo foi eficiente no reparo de rupturas do esôfago cervical de cães. Twelve dogs were allocated in two groups with same number of animals and submitted to removal of a 3.0 x 3.5cm piece of the cervical esophagus. The incision was occluded with a autograft of free intestinal segment without epithelium and lamina propria of the mucosa, with separate simples points using poliglactina 910 line. Animals of the group 1 were observed for 15 days post-surgery, and the animals from group 2, for 30 days. Epithelization and discreet stenosis in the place of the graft with invasion of dense conjunctive tissue, rich in collagen fibers was noticed. The autograft free intestinal segment was efficient in the repair of ruptures in the cervical segment of the canine esophagous.

Nos defeitos diafragmáticos de origem congênita ou traumática que impedem a aproximação das bordas da ferida, é indicado a reparação cirúrgica com implantes biológicos ou sintéticos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os aspectos clínicos, macroscópicos e histológicos da integração tecidual do segmento intestinal homólogo desprovido de epitélio e lâmina própria da túnica mucosa conservado em solução supersaturada de açúcar, no reparo de defeitos de 7,0 x 4,0 cm no músculo diafragma de 16 cães, através da via de acesso paracostal. O defeito diafragmático foi fechado com o segmento intestinal através de pontos simples separados, com o fio de poliglactina 910 3-0. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos de igual número, e reoperados aos 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias, para avaliação macroscópica e coleta de material para exame histológico, constituindo os grupos experimentais I, II, III e IV respectivamente. Todos os animais apresentaram boa evolução clínica. Macroscopicamente observo-se aderências entre a área enxertada o fígado e a pleura parietal mediastinal, sendo o pulmão encontrado aderido em apenas um animal. Histologicamente o enxerto causou mínima reação inflamatória, sendo substituído por tecido conjuntivo denso. O segmento intestinal homólogo, desprovido de epitélio e lâmina própria da túnica mucosa conservado em solução supersaturada de açúcar, suportou os movimentos de expansão do diafragma, sendo substituído por uma fina camada de tecido conjuntivo fibroso. Surgical repair using biological or sinthetic implants is indicated in diaphragmatic defects, congenital or traumatic, that prevent the approximation of the wound borders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinic, macroscopic and histologic features of the tissue integration of homologous intestinal segment free of epithelium and lamina própria of the mucous túnica preserved in supersaturated sugar solution in the repair of defects (7.0 x 4.0 cm) in the diaphragm muscle of 16 dogs, through accession via paracostal. The diaphragmatic defect was closed with the intestinal segment by separated simple points using polyglactin 910 3-0 wire. The animais were divided into four groups containing 4 dogs per group, and submitted to new surgery at 15, 30, 50 and 90 days, representing the experimental groups I, II, III and IV, respectively, for macroscopic and histopathologic assays. All animais showed a good clinicai evolution. Macroscopically, adherences were observed between the implanted area and organs, such as liver and parietal pleura. Only one animal showed adherence with the lung. By histologic assays, the graft induced a minor inflammatory reaction with replacement by dense connective tissue. The homologous intestinal segment free of epithelium and lamina própria of the mucous túnica preserved in supersaturated sugar solution supported the expansion movements of the diaphragm and was replaced by a thin layer of fíbrous connective tissue. Dissertação (Mestrado)

Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-14T10:45:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1998-09. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-14T11:37:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0103-84781998000300012.pdf: 1168751 bytes, checksum: 3fab7804d8f6664d135e7eb4b7ace1d1 (MD5) As aderências peritoneais formam-se freqüentemente nos eqüinos submetidos a laparotomia. As aderências podem ser assintomáticas ou podem causar complicações como cólica e osbstrução intestinal, às vezes com estrangulamento vascular. Com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência do uso intraperitoneal de carboximetilcelulose (CMC) na prevenção de aderências peritoneais em eqüinos, fez-se o seguinte experimento: dezoito eqüinos clinicamente normais, sem raça definida (SRD), foram anestesiados e submetidos a laparotomia na linha mediana ventral, quando se produziu lesões no jejuno distal para induzir a formação de aderências peritoneais. Em quatro animais (bloco I) foram criadas seis lesões: um segmento com aproximadamente 45cm de comprimento foi submetido à isquemia, através da ligadura da circulação mural e dos vasos mesentéricos por duas horas; em cinco pequenas áreas, com cerca de três por cinco centímetros, foi feita abrasão da serosa pela fricção 100 vezes de uma gaze seca e um ponto simples seromuscular de categute cromado foi aplicado no seu centro. Nos outros 14 animais (bloco II). o modelo adotado foi semelhante com pequenas modificações: ao invés de um segmento de isquemia foram criados quatro segmentos com 25cm de comprimento; a abrasão das cinco pequenas áreas foi feita com uma pinça Rochester aberta e não com uma gaze seca; a sutura seromuscular com categute aplicada no centro das áreas de abrasão foi uma linha contínua simples, com aproximadamente 2,5cm de comprimento e não um ponto simples. Os animais foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos. Em dois animais do bloco I e sete animais do bloco II (grupo tratamento), antes da síntese da parede abdominal, foi instilada, na cavidade peritoneal, uma solução decmC a 7% na dose de 7 ml/kg. Nos outros nove animais (grupo controle) a parede foi suturada da mesma forma, mas nenhum medicamento foi aplicado na cavidade peritoneal. Os eqüinos foram examinados diariamente. Quatorze dias após a cirurgia, todos os animais sofreram eutanásia e foram submetidos à necropsia. Seis, dentre os nove animais do grupo controle e quatro, dentre os nove animais do grupo tratamento, desenvolveram aderências perítoneais. Não houve diferença significativa entre o número de animais com aderências nem entre o número ou o grau das aderências formadas nos dois grupos. Os animais do grupo tratamento não apresentaram qualquer sinal de toxicidade ou hipersensibilidade àcmC. Concluiu-se que a carboximetilcelulose não foi eficiente na prevenção de aderências peritoneais no intestino delgado de eqüinos induzidas por abrasão da serosa e isquemia. Concluiu-se também que esta droga não causou efeitos colaterais e não prejudicou a cicatrização do peritônio. Peritoneal adhesions form very often in horses submitted to laparotomy. Adhesions may be assymptomatic or they could cause complications such as colic and intestinal obstruction, sometimes with vascular strangulation. To evaluate intra-peritoneal use of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) in prevention of peritoneal adhesions in horses, the following experiment was conducted: eighteen clinically normal mixed breed horses were anesthetized and submitted to ventral midline laparotomy. Lesions in the distal jejunum were produced to induce peritoneal adhesion formation. In four horses (block I) six lesions were created: one segment 45cm in length was submitted to ischemia by ocluding mural circulation and mesenteric vessels for two hours; in five small areas with approximately three x five centimeters serosal abrasion was produced by rubbing a dry gauze sponge 100 times with a single chromic catgut suture placed in the center through the seromuscular layer. For the other fourteen animals (block II) the model adopted was similar with small chances: instead of one ischemic segment, four segments 25cm in length were created: abrasïon of the five areas was produced with the jaw of an open Rochester forceps; the suture made in the center of the abrasion areas was a line of a simple continuous pattern with 2.5cm in length approximately. Horses were randomly placed into two groups. In nine animals (treatment group), a volume of 7 ml/kg of 1%cmC was instilled in the peritoneal cavity before abdominal wall synthesis. In the other nine animals (control group) the wall was sutured in the same way, but no drug was instilled in the peritoneal cavity. Horses were monitored daily. All animals were submitted to euthanasiu and necropsy fourteen days after surgery. Six of the nine animals in the control group and four of nine animals of treatment group developed peritaneal adhesions. There were no significant differences between the numher of animals with adhesians in the two groups nor between the number and the grade of adhesions developed in the groups. Animals in the treatment group did not show any sign of toxicity or hypersensivity forcmC. Based on these results it may be concluded that carboxymethylcellulose was not efficient in preventing peritoneal adhesions in equine small intestine induced by serosal abrasion and ischemia. Also it may be concluded that this drug did not cause any collateral effects neither impaired peritoneal healing. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual de Londrina Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia