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Successful implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires world countries to account for actions that inadvertently generate negative impacts on other countries. These actions/effects are called 'spillovers', and can hinder a country's SDG progress. In this work, we analyse negative social spillover effects, focussing specifically on the occupational health and safety aspects of workers in textile supply chains. We select two indicators: fatal accidents and non-fatal accidents that take place in global supply chains for satisfying consumption of textile products (such as clothing, leather products) by European Union (EU) countries. Specifically, we scan global supply chains originating in countries outside of EU for meeting the demands of its citizens. To this end, we employ a well-established technique of multi-regional input-output analysis, featuring information on 15,000 sectors for 189 countries, to scan international supply chain routes that are linked to consumption of textile products by EU countries. Our findings suggest that Italy, Germany, France, Spain, Poland, Belgium and Portugal are collectively responsible for about 80% of both fatal- and non-fatal accidents that are attributed to the EU's consumption-based footprint. These findings not only call for a need for coherent SDG policies that consider spillover effects, but also the need for these effects to be included in EU's strategic instruments and policy-related tools., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Global cooperation and a strong United Nations (UN) system are needed to implement shared global goals such as the Paris Climate Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals. For the first time, we present a new index of Nation-States' support for UN-based multilateralism (UN-Mi) based on the principles established in the UN Charter in 1945. We use six headline indicators and follow best practices to verify the statistical validity and robustness of our construct. Our findings suggest that there are significant differences in countries' support for UN-based multilateralism. Some large economic powers showcase low and declining support for UN-based multilateralism. The poor performance of the United States and some of its allies suggests that the concepts of "Rules-Based-International Order" and "UN-based multilateralism" are truly distinct, and arguably, even opposite, frameworks. Our statistical analysis confirms that the UN-Mi captures something different than other existing constructs that aim to capture, for instance, the size of diplomatic networks or people's confidence in the UN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides a detailed explanation of the methodology used to calculate the Rural Access Index (RAI), which is an indicator of rural accessibility. The RAI takes into account factors such as climate, terrain, road maintenance, and GDP per capita. The process involves filtering out urban areas, converting road data into raster format, and performing mathematical operations on the data. The document acknowledges limitations, such as the exclusion of small countries and the focus solely on roads. However, it concludes that the methodology is sustainable and can be used as a global indicator of rural accessibility. [Extracted from the article]