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The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic posed a big obstacle for nations as it affected the anticipated cash flows from the tourism and hospitality industry. Many tourist destinations have suffered as a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis. Tourism and hospitality have been major source of revenue, and nations depend on them to augment their budgetary issues and support the provision of basic public services. Ethical tourism, responsible tourism, social justice, and sustainable tourism promise to be effective tools to execute this reputation agenda, which scholars have ignored. This paper proposes a conceptual framework that shows the effect of sustainability actions and justice on stakeholders in the tourism and hospitality industries, presently and for future generations. An in-depth literature review was employed using papers on sustainability actions. Using Scopus-indexed journals, 88 articles from several databases were sourced using key words. The conceptual framework provides insights into how global crises such as coronavirus disease in 2019 can be used as a gate to launch social justice in the tourism and hospitality space for employees, local tourism communities, tourists, and stakeholders globally. It provides academics and practitioners in the tourism and hospitality sectors with a fairer perspective on the development of strategies to attract tourists and better investment initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitel araştırma desenlerinden keşfedici-bütüncül tek durum deseni olarak tasarlanan bu araştırmanın temel amacı, Düldül Dağı’nın alternatif turizm potansiyelini yerel paydaşların perspektifinden ortaya koymaktır. Ayrıca, Düldül Dağı’nda alternatif turizmin geliştirilebilmesine yönelik öneriler sunmak araştırmanın alt amacı olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini amaçlı örnekleme tekniğine göre belirlenmiş 10 yerel paydaş oluşturmaktadır. Belirlenen amaçlara yönelik olarak yerel paydaşlarla yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu aracılığıyla 2023 yılı Haziran-Temmuz aylarında derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, mevcut durumu ortaya koyabilmek amacıyla saha gezileri kapsamında gözlemler yapılmıştır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler, betimleyici içerik analizi ve güçlü-zayıf-fırsat-tehdit (SWOT) analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, Düldül Dağı ekoturizm ve termal turizm başta olmak üzere alternatif turizm kaynakları bakımından oldukça zengindir. Ancak ekonomik sorunlar, Covid-19, deprem gibi unsurlar nedeniyle alternatif turizme yönelik planlamalar faaliyete geçirilememiştir. SWOT analizi sonuçlarına göre; Düldül Dağı'nın en güçlü yanı doğal turizm kaynakları bakımından zengin olmasıdır. En zayıf yönleri ise altyapı ve üstyapı olanaklarının yetersiz oluşu ve tanıtım eksikliği olarak tespit edilmiştir. Diğer taraftan, Düldül Dağı'na yapılan teleferik tesisi ve alternatif turizme yönelik talep artışı en büyük fırsatlar olarak değerlendirilirken; planlanan projeler için finansal destek bulunamaması, bölgenin zamanla kitle turizmi etkisi altında kalabilme ihtimali ve deprem en büyük tehdit unsurları olarak belirlenmiştir.

The main purpose of this research, which was designed as an exploratory-integrative single case design from qualitative research designs, is to reveal the alternative tourism potential of Düldül Mountain from the perspective of local stakeholders. In addition, the sub-objective of the research is to provide suggestions for the development of alternative tourism in Düldül Mountain. The research sample consists of ten local stakeholders selected through purposive sampling technique. In-depth interviews were conducted with the local stakeholders in June-July 2023 using a semi-structured questionnaire to address the specified objectives. Furthermore, field trips were conducted to observe and assess the current situation in order to present a comprehensive perspective. The data obtained from the interviews were subjected to descriptive content analysis and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. According to the findings of the research, Düldül Mountain is rich in alternative tourism resources, particularly in ecotourism and thermal tourism. However, due to economic challenges, Covid-19, and other factors such as earthquakes, the implementation of alternative tourism plans has been hindered. According to the results of the SWOT analysis, Düldül Mountain's greatest strength lies in its rich natural tourism resources. The weakest aspects are identified as the inadequate infrastructure and facilities, as well as the lack of promotional activities for Düldül Mountain. On the other hand, the construction of a cable car facility to Düldül Mountain and the increasing demand for alternative tourism are considered the most significant opportunities. However, the lack of financial support for planned projects, the possibility of the region falling under the influence of mass tourism over time, and the threat of earthquakes are identified as the major threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the problem of theoretical and practical foundations of research and substantiation of mechanisms for the formation and implementation of a strategy for the development of sustainable tourism based on sustainable development of society and harmonization of relationships in the triangle of «ecology – economy – society». The content of the concept of «responsible tourism» is defined, which is considered as tourism that respects the environment, community and culture of a tourist place, is aimed at eliminating the negative consequences caused by irresponsible mass tourism and is oriented toward creating the development of sustainable tourism that protects the interests of local communities and heritage sites in communities. The components of sustainable tourism (geotourism, cultural tourism, ecological tourism) are studied, in which all participants in the tourism process are obliged to protect the natural environment and resources in order to ensure healthy, progressive and sustainable economic growth. It is determined that in the context of the development of sustainable tourism, the role of environmental volunteering and volunteer tourism is growing; the main areas of environmental volunteering are considered as follows: water quality monitoring, wildlife monitoring, animal rehabilitation and rescue, cleaning of plastic garbage. Today, volunteer organizations exist in 80 countries around the world. About 110 million people annually participate in voluntary programs where they lend a helping hand in the fields of education, health, ecology, social protection and many others. The author considers the most famous volunteer tourism programs, including the UNWTO.Volunteers Program, which aims to train young professionals in the tourism industry. The program provides tools for poverty alleviation and development, allowing volunteers to carry out the practical transfer of applied practical know-how, which, in turn, will empower beneficiaries who wish to implement initiatives related to the development of sustainable tourism.

One of the key elements of modern tourism is the alternative forms it offers. Festivals and festival tourism arouse great interest among many tourists, and as a result of their implementation, an increase in tourist traffic levels is reported. As part of the main tourism assets for a region, festivals are gaining momentum and have a significant impact on the economy of the localities where they are held. The International Lavender Festival is proof of the sustainable development of tourism, based on an agricultural activity characteristic of the region - lavender production. The PURPOSE of the present research is to show how a traditional livelihood of the local population supports the revival of activities that have the potential to create added value, social inclusion, entrepreneurship and limit the migration flow. The applied scientific METHODS are statistical, historical, comparative-descriptive, comprehensive assessment and regional analysis. Of greatest value is the conducted field research, which has been discussed in more detail in the discussion. The RESULTS confirm the research hypothesis that the natural and anthropogenic resources available in Bulgaria are a prerequisite for the development of alternative forms of tourism. The main CONCLUSIONS suggest that the attitudes of tourists towards this type of tourism are positive and this would help its sustainable regional development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the COVID-19 pandemic-related travel restrictions, and staycations emerged as a popular alternative to holidays. This study investigated whether there are differential impacts on subjective well-being between staycations and holidays, and identified the factors that influence the acquisition of subjective well-being. The results showed no significant differences in subjective well-being between the two types of activities. Furthermore, the study identified distinct factors that influenced the subjective well-being of each group. These findings have important implications for promoting sustainable and local tourism, and in understanding the effects of spatial urban planning on well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advocacy for the responsible development of tourism continues to attract attention from scholars. The emergence of responsible tourism in the 1990s was a call to action, and for a move from setting agendas (sustainable tourism) to stakeholder accountability. As tourism is still developing in Nigeria, this paper discusses strategies for supporting responsible tourism development in the Southeastern region of the country. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were organized with 166 stakeholders, including staff of tourism parastatals, traditional rulers, the representatives of men, women and youth and local security agencies. Findings identified possible strategies for determining if, when and how responsible tourism development might occur. These strategies include stakeholder empowerment, funding for tourism supporting facilities, boosting security and capacity for implementing tourism policies. The findings suggest that if well implemented, the tourism strategies are central to achieving future resident and tourist friendly development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global tourism trends highlight the growing tourism demand for authentic and sustainable tourism experiences. Youths are known to be natural travellers who have made travel an essential part of their lives; they are thus likely keep looking for tourism experiences as they age. In designing future-proof tourism development, however, they are commonly underrepresented or perceived as mere observers in the tourism industry. On the contrary, the heightened demand for innovative and sustainable tourism practices has magnified the potential of youths to be champions of responsible tourism. This paper presents cases of Southeast Asian youths who are engaged in promoting responsible tourism while preserving their local communities' natural, social, and cultural integrity. In particular, this study offers views on the challenges faced by youths in championing responsible tourism as well as strategies to cultivate responsible youth leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world is transitioning from the pandemic to post-pandemic era of COVID-19. Borders are now largely open, and the tourism sector is regaining its vigour. At the same time, concerns about tourism's impact on the planet have been rising because of the rapid rebound of tourism, with serious environmental catastrophes like climate change increasingly threatening the Earth. The pandemic has indeed magnified a dark side of human behaviour, namely humans' irresponsible behaviour towards the environment. In this editorial, we review the concept of environmentally responsible behaviour from the tourist's perspective. It is of utmost importance for all stakeholders in the tourism industry to join forces in cultivating responsible behaviour towards the environment and in doing so, cocreate a better and more sustainable place for all life on Earth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its establishment in 1965, the standard setting texts produced by ICOMOS have become the most reputed, influential and distributed documents concerning cultural heritage protection worldwide. An examination of all ICOMOS charters and recommendations makes clear the indispensable role of this organisation in disseminating best practices in conservation, restoration and management over the last sixty years. These recommendations also show the persistence of ICOMOS in tackling the numerous pressures that challenge heritage preservation around the world. Tourism is undoubtedly one of the most important and global of these pressures due to its considerable influence at all levels of cultural heritage management and decision-making. This paper analyses the early pioneering role of ICOMOS in promoting responsible tourism. It does so through an evaluation of its international cultural tourism charters from 1976, when the first one was adopted, up to 2022, when ICOMOS has adopted the ICOMOS International Charter for Cultural Heritage Tourism: Reinforcing cultural heritage protection and community resilience through responsible and sustainable tourism management at its General Assembly in Bangkok. The long process of drawing and approving this Charter as well as its new conceptual approaches show the emerging trends that affect cultural heritage globally and facilitate broader reflection on the future of standard setting texts in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a form of tourism that aims to be sustainable and, in broader terms, responsible and ethical, ecotourism occupies a peak position in terms of people's understanding of sustainable tourism. The purpose of this paper is to articulate how responsibility can be actuated through a deeper consideration of duty (good as intrinsic) and strategic (good for business) perspectives. In pursuit of this overall aim, the paper investigates a sample of Ecotourism Australia (EA) certified company websites to examine inclusivity barriers based on the social model of disability: physical, attitudinal, and informational. The choice of Australia is based on the observation that ecotourism providers in this region are often cited as highly advanced in terms of policies and practices. Results suggest that there is only limited statistical support for the hypothesis that the "leading" ecotourism operators (with advanced EA certification) in Australia pay more attention to disability issues than those in the "following" group (with lower categories of EA certification). The paper concludes by suggesting that the responsibility agenda is most likely to move forward by providers adopting ways of "thinking" and "doing" that emphasise duty and justice instead of following accepted business practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Natural Sciences, Life & Applied Sciences is the property of Arab Journal of Sciences & Research Publishing (AJSRP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, we attempt a brief review of the definitions and theories of various facets of the tourism phenomenon and the ways to integrate these in the context of development theories that emphasize on sustainability. The second part highlights many forms of sports tourism as alternatives to mass tourism and as compatible with the principles of sustainable development. In the third part, a more specific reference is made to the variants, the potential, the development so far and the capacities of various specific forms of sports tourism in Greece, depending on the intensity of the infrastructure they require. The aim is to show that these do promote sustainability, reduced seasonality, decentralization and balanced geographical and fairer social development, and to emphasize that they deserve to be strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study characterizes the potential volunteer tourists in mainland China through the collection of online travel notes between January 2016 and June 2019 (a total of 218,334 words) and an online questionnaire with a sample of 211 respondents. Based on the Embodiment Theory (ET), this study explores the characteristics of volunteer tourist experience. The results construct a theoretical model consisting of three stages and six levels of embodied tourist experience, with each bearing different connotations and characteristics. This research advances the theoretical understanding of the knowledge in volunteer tourist experience for destination management organizations and other public and private organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turizm Akademik Dergisi is the property of Turizm Akademik Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this article is to analyze the collaborative mechanisms reported by the socioproductive actors of Usiacurí-Atlantic for the development of sustainable alternative tourism in times of pandemic. The methodology corresponds to an analytical research with the model of structural analysis of relationships in networks with support of adjacency matrix. Even though the relationships with various actors in the network are moderate, they are mostly circumstantial, showing that there are various mechanisms of collaboration that can be used in a new tourism model that allows the new scenarios of health, cultural, social and economic crisis resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic to be faced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper will discuss the impact of development of sharing economy on ecological sustainability for the tourism sector at global scale since the main focus in the literature is generally limited to economic and social impacts. It will provide a mathematical model in order to measure the impact of the sharing economy on the welfare of individuals who take part in particular tourism destinations as well as providing benefits for other individuals as a positive external outlook. The development of the model will be dependent on the findings obtained in this study. The results will show that the sharing economy together with collaborative consumption in the tourism sector is an increasing trend in global economy that contributes to ecological sustainability as well. By sharing the means of production, transportation, communication etc both tourists and service providers are capable of decreasing their ecological footprints. In conclusion the paper will contribute to the literature by filling a gap with respect to the lack of connection between environmental sustainability and sharing economy in tourism sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px Helvetica; min-height: 14.0px} p.p2 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 9.0px Helvetica} span.s1 {font: 12.0px Helvetica} İçinde yaşadığımız yüzyılda çevreyle dost üretim tarzlarının benimsenmesinin zorunluluğu tüm dünya ekonomileri tarafından açık bir şekilde anlaşılmıştır. Nihayetinde çevresel dejenerasyon tüm ekonomilerin olduğu gibi, tüm ekonomik sektörlerin de ortak problemidir. Fakat bazı sektörler için çevresel dejenerasyonun yarattığı olumsuzluklar biraz daha fazla olmaktadır. Bu olumsuzluklardan en çok etkilenen sektörlerin başında da “Turizm Sektörü” gelir. Yeni nesil turizm türlerinden birisi olan kırsal turizm; çevreci özellikleri ile sürdürülebilir kalkınma anlayışına sahip, bir alternatif turizm türüdür. Çünkü kırsal turizm her mevsim yapılabilen, turistik faaliyetlerin coğrafi dağılımında denge unsuru olan, birçok turizm türüyle bütünleşebilen bir yapıya sahiptir. Nihayetinde kırsal turizm tüm alternatif turizm türlerinin hem alternatifi, hem de tamamlayıcısıdır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada yoğun kırsal turizm destinasyonuna sahip Türkiye’nin kırsal kalkınma açısından kırsal turizmi kullanabilirliği tartışılmaktadır.

The purpose of this paper is to research the development of tourism, taking into consideration the growing competition and new consumer intentions. The aim of this research is to analyze the alternative forms of tourism as a crucial factor for long term sustainability. As a basic research method used is an interview with tourist providers in Macedonia (travel agencies – DMC companies and tourist guides), regarding their experience for alternative tourism forms. Results are showing growing trend of alternative forms of tourism considering different tourist nationalities. These results are valuable for further scientific research in consumer analyzes, and presents an input for the national tourism in this region.

The concept of sustainable tourism has been used since 1990s. Today, sustainable tourism is supported by both developed and developing countries due to protection of environment, provision of social justice, increasing economic development, preservation of traditional cultures and transferring to the next generations. It is also accepted as an instrument for supplying the needs of the local community and for achieving the aims of improving living standards. Sustainable tourism has a key role for EU tourism policy that aims to maintain Europe's standing as a leading destination while maximising the industry's contribution to growth and employment and promoting cooperation between EU countries. As a candidate country, Turkey must transform its own tourism policy and sustainable tourism application compatible with EU standards and policies. Artvin province is a one of the most important destinations of Turkey due to its perfect landscape, rich plant and animal variety for sustainable tourism. It also has different inefficient alternative tourism forms that are also sustainable tourism types. On the other hand, Artvin has also very big potential to establish and/or to increase different sustainable tourism forms such as botanic tourism, bird watching tourism, hunting tourism, sport fishing, nature / mountain trekking, horse riding, cave tourism, bicycle tourism, plateau and festival tourism, river tourism, wildlife (fauna) observation, caravan tourism. This paper analyses and explains the sustainable tourism potential of the region in the framework of EU tourism policy and makes some suggestions to improve its potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the era of mass tourism, phenomena such as sustainable tourism, responsible tourism, rural tourism, eco-tourism, pro-poor tourism and community-based tourism are now increasingly under the research microscope. If established and managed correctly, these alternative forms of tourism have the potential to contribute towards sustainable community development and provide visitors with unique experiences. Few scholars have qualitatively addressed the growth of community-based tourism in South-East Asia. This study investigated the value of a community-based tourism project at Banteay Chhmar in north-west Cambodia, specifically the discourse of the project's members and the broader community. The objective of the study was to provide an ethnographic account of the community member's attitudes, opinions and beliefs concerning the perceived value and contribution of the project towards community development in their locality. The study initially relied on a literature review to conceptualise community-based tourism. Unstructured in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 30 stakeholders of the Banteay Chhmar Community-Based Tourism Project. A narrative identifies the development of the project and provides samples of the respondents’ discourses. Findings from a thematic analysis of stakeholder responses indicated support of tourism and the overall operation of the project. Opinions were divided concerning the future growth of tourism and likely negative impacts on resident livelihoods. While some felt the project was relatively insular and lacked transparency, most identified the project's value as enhanced social capital, pride and a better sense of community. The findings show the project has positively contributed towards community development; however, before it can be considered a best practice example of community-based tourism, its financial sustainability, business practices and community support need to improve. The overall study serves as a valuable insight into themes promoting the merits and complications of community-based tourism, specifically in South-East Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. San Antonio is one of the Texas’ top tourist cities and a major tourism destination nationally. The city has a rich and unique historic urban landscape characterized by its river with its famous “Riverwalk,” historic neighborhoods, and major landmarks such as San Antonio Franciscan Missions which are on the U.S. “tentative list” as possible UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Local government has completed a multiyear project to restore and enhance 13 miles of the San Antonio River both north and south of downtown. It is expected that the river improvement project will reinforce the connection to the San Antonio Missions and encourage visitors to circulate along the river beyond the downtown area. Master of Architecture students of The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) explored the sustainable tourism alternatives in the Mission Historic District in the spring semesters of 2012 and 2013. The Advanced Design Studio (ARC 6136) focused on research-based exploration and application of advanced design theory relative to alternative tourism. This course discussed the relationships between the design of architecture, tourist city, and the alternative practices of tourism. Students investigated the tourism potentials in the District such as sustainable tourism, rural tourism, recreational tourism, cultural heritage tourism, and culinary tourism, and develop master plans for the selected sites. Students were expected to plan, program, and design the proposed tourism activities and tourist spaces on both urban and building scales. This paper focuses specifically on culinary tourism, cultural heritage tourism, and rural tourism, and discusses how to enhance the attractiveness of the destination for visitors and residents; expand the tourism activities offered; and provide maximum efficiency in the economical, historical, social, and cultural dimensions of tourism through sustainable development practices and proposed design projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability is possibly the most important issue facing the tourism industry in the twenty-first century. Fortunately, the tourism sector is in a unique position in the contribution it can make to sustainable development as a result of interest and publicity created when the United Nations General Assembly in 2016 declared that: "2017 is the United Nations International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development". This declaration set the agenda for many new initiatives in sustainable tourism research to take placeas well as providing increased venues for discussing sustainable tourism development. It is well recognized in the tourism community that we have a finite earth that must be conserved, protected, and nurtured and that we all have a stake in assuring that future tourism growth be of high quality and sustained for future generations to enjoy. This is an acknowledgment that sustainable tourism is a part of an overall shift that recognizes that orderly economic growth, combined with concerns for the environment and quality-of-life social values, will be the driving force for long-term progress in tourism polices for development. Defining attributes of sustainability in the context of innovative directions of sustainable tourism development is currently taking place. The tourism industry has been inundated with multiple definitions of sustainable tourism concepts depending on which individuals or groups are involved. At the global level the most accepted definition of sustainable tourism comes from work conducted by the United Nations World Tourism Organization. This interest coupled with the dynamic growth in global tourism is challenging the very roots of sustainability in the tourism industry. What hasn't been thoroughly researched is viewing sustainable tourism from a historic perspective. Many great worldly travelers, as for example, the ancient worldly traveler and travel writer Herodotus, while not using specific terms highlighting sustainable tourism, identified and wrote about aspects of travel that included references to "culture, history, and heritage" all of which fit modern day definitions of sustainable tourism. This paper will discuss a few of the components of sustainable tourism through the eyes and travels of four "worldly travelers" from time periods that include: "Ancient History", the "Medieval "Period ", the "Industrial Revolution", and ending with the "Modern Era". While none of these worldly travelers used the term "sustainable tourism" in their travel notes, they all wrote books about their travels that fit the perspective of contemporary components of sustainable tourism development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study used findings from a focus group involving 25 youth from the local universities. It looks at youth awareness, interest and opinion on green travel using thematic analysis of the responses gathered. Findings indicate that youth awareness about green travel is still limited because they tend to equate green travel with ecotourism. While they are quite opinionated about the issue, it is clear from their responses that green travel is still an embryonic concept among youth. Their responses sometimes demonstrate a lack of clear understanding on what green travel is about. Nevertheless, the data also revealed potential for growth in youth awareness and interest if proper promotional programs targeting this segment is carried out. Implications of the findings are offered at the end of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences / Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Business Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is developing a theoretical introduction and presentation of concepts, principles and development strategies in sustainable tourism. A detailed presentation of all the theoretical concepts concerning sustainable development and its tourism dimension is included further focusing on theoretical strategic framework for and its fundamental components. Its second part is concerned with sustainable tourism in practice with a special emphasis on types of carrying capacity.

Responsible tourism incorporates economic, environmental and social imperatives in keeping with sustainable tourism notions. It can be argued that tourism entities, private, public and non-profi t alike, need to innovate in order to be competitive from an economic perspective as well as implement environmentally and socially responsible practices, and impact on environmental and social change. This article proposes that responsible tourism can provide a framework for conceptualising and cultivating tourism innovation in the light of sustainability debates. Based on a broader study of tourism innovation in the Western Cape, South Africa, innovation relating to economic, environmental and social practices is examined. The findings point to the widespread implementation of both innovation and environmental practices by tourism enterprises. In addition, social and structural innovations are identified as innovation types which have a particular bearing on responsible tourism. It is argued that local policy initiatives are needed to strengthen innovation for responsible business practices in tourism and thereby to enhance environmental and social change on a larger scale. Overall, the results of this cross-sectoral investigation contribute to discourses on environmental innovation in tourism by identifying it as a prevalent type of tourism innovation which comprises multiple environmentally friendly practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mutual gaze is a complex two-sided visual construction of tourists’ impression of hosts and vice versa. In this case, how ocean cruisers (people who live on and travel by private sailing yacht) and residents interact with, portray themselves to and perceive the other was explored. The limited research on the mutual gaze suggests that tourist typology has an effect on the construction of the gaze; however, most research has focused on the nationality of tourists as the primary influence of the gaze. Therefore, this research furthers the understanding of tourist typology on the mutual gaze by examining ocean cruisers. Little is known about ocean cruisers’ interactions with the communities they visit and the economic, social and environmental impacts of their tourism activities. Such interactions and impacts can be evaluated through an analysis of the mutual gaze. The mutual gaze between residents of a small island developing state (SIDS) and a community of multinational ocean cruisers was evaluated through an analysis of attitudes, behaviours, stereotypes, tensions and power structures. It was found that in this context, a positive mutual gaze based on understanding, a sense of connection and real relationships between hosts and guests was the result of reciprocal attitudes and behaviours, few tensions and few power struggles. This research was conducted on the SIDS of Carriacou, Grenada in May and June 2012. Utilizing a case study methodology, in-depth semi-structured interviews with local residents engaged in the yachting community and visiting ocean cruisers were conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Being an olive and olive oil production geography for 2600 years, Western Anatolia accommodates hundreds of traditional olive oil mills which have the characteristics of industrial heritage in different scales. The absence of academic comprehensive study provided us to make a research on the building stock and their characteristics (This research has been supported by Yıldız Technical University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Department. Project Number: 2010-03-01 GEP01) named as "Reuse of old olive mills in Aegean Region in the context of tourism". During the process of the research; 70 of 127 detected (recorded) traditional olive oil mills were documented and studied. This paper is basically focused on sustainability of building stock traditional (olive oil mills) olive culture and tourism activity in Ayvacık Region which is an important olive oil production geography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]