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Information modeling technology also known as BIM is becoming an important part of working with data in various fields of activity. At the same time, there are still no specific recommendations for the transition to the use of digital models at the survey stage. Although engineering survey data is the basis for further actions within the life cycle of objects. The article characterizes the methodology for the modernization of engineering surveys in the context of information modeling, operating with the methods of systems analysis, foresight research and risk management. The combination of these methods allows you to identify ways of development and characterize them. All changes in the engineering survey system are described using the example of the engineering and environmental section. This is due to the fact that environmental engineering surveys use information from other sections of the survey and show reactions to changes in the system. The authors believe that under existing conditions, the most effective direction is the presentation of the results of engineering surveys in a standard form, provided that they are supplemented with a set of digital models by type of survey. In this case, it is assumed that the role of information modeling will gradually increase.

The aspects of construction digitalization related to the use of information modeling of the construction object (BIM) and 3D printing are discussed. The object of the research is additive manufacturing and its features in development. The subject of the research is the influence of additive constructing on BIM. The purpose of the research is to develop a BIM methodology, using 3D printing. The limitations of additive constructing are analyzed, and the methodology of information modeling considering these limitations is formed as a result of the research. The main limitations of 3D printing are associated with the size of the construction object, size, shape and weight of structures, used materials, used reinforcement technology, costs, temperature and print speed. The methodology includes the formation of model with special parameters, showing their values, and the verification of parameter values for acceptability. Checking the values of the parameters can be a part of mandatory verification process of the information model. The proposed method does not depend on the level of development of a 3D printing technology.

The development of engineered systems is a complex process, involving many activities and development artifacts. The challenges introduced by this complexity calls for a model-based design environment. The PROVE methodology is an artifact-centric, model-based development process design methodology. In this paper, we present the first, fully model-based design environment of the PROVE. Furthermore, our environment incorporates additional process design perspectives that are applied in real-time and in a completely consistent manner, based on a formally defined information model. We discuss the details of our environment's design as well as highlight its potential benefits.

Целью исследования является рассмотрение информационно-модулирующих систем (ИМС) для реализации многовариантных решений в области стратегического развития средних городов России. Методами исследования выступают ретроспективный анализ создания аналогичных отечественных систем в 80-х гг. XX в., а также организационно-структурное моделирование ИМС на основе современной научно-технической базы для применения в настоящее время. Новизна проведенного исследования заключается в разработке структуры и математического обеспечения ИМС, ориентированных на многовариантное стратегическое управление муниципальными образованиями. Область применения материалов и результатов научной статьи находится в сфере организации управления и развития экономики российских муниципалитетов различного уровня. The purpose of the study was the creation of information-modulating systems (IMS) for the implementation of multivariable solutions in the field of strategic development of medium-sized cities in Russia. The methods of research at the same time are a retrospective analysis of the creation of such domestic systems in the 80s. XX century, as well as organizational and structural modeling of IMS based on the modern scientific and technical base for use at present. The novelty of the research consists in the development of the structure and mathematical support of IMS focused on the multivariate strategic management of municipalities. The field of application of the materials and results of the scientific article is in the field of organization of management and development of the economy of Russian municipalities at various levels.

Ambiguous situations affect the progress of the project in any area. They are unpredictable in nature and require consideration of fairly new and complex factors that to varying degrees determine the effectiveness of the project. The article considers the use of situational analysis in building an information model of project management in the field of information technologies. Knowledge and the ability to aply the situational approach in the conditions of flexible methodology Scrum will provide opportunities to the project manager to change a situation radically in the project and to achieve the motivated performance of each task. The authors offer a formalized presentation of the procedure for selecting the optimal solution in project management in the implementation of a flexible Scrum methodology. The paper investigates the causal relationship between tasks, goals, situations in the project. Management decisions in the project are implemented on the basis of a study of how the task ensures the achievement of the goal. This takes into account all the features of the flexible Scrum methodology. The procedure of making the optimal decision on the basis of construction of the diagram of situations is offered. A set of solutions that help to overcome the crisis situation is established, and possible alternatives are explored. The use of situational analysis in the implementation of the flexible Scrum methodology provides a comprehensive approach to project management by synthesizing methods of expert assessments and intelligent management methods that will support decision-making in crisis situations of possible conflicts with existing constraints on financial and time resources. The result of the application of the developed information model is to increase the efficiency of the project by reducing the loss of time in the project and overspending of financial resources.

Автоматтандырылған жобалау жүйелері мен BIM технологиялар білім беру сапасын арттырып, білім алушылардың кәсіби дамуын қамтамасыз ететін, техникалық салалар маманының толық бейнесін қалыптастыруға жәрдемдесетін тиімді құралдарға айналып келеді. Оның ішінде ғимараттарды ақпараттық модельдеу (BIM) – жобалау сәтінен бастап және ғимарат құрылысы мен пайдалануымен аяқтап, жоба туралы расталған, келісілген ақпаратқа негізделген заманауи технология болғандықтан өндірісте жоғары сұранысқа ие болып отыр. Қазіргі таңда мемлекеттік білім беру стандарттары бойынша жоғарғы оқу орындарының инженерлік мамандықтарын бітірушілердің маңызды құзыретіне қолданбалы бағдарламалар пакетін қолдана білу жатады. АЖЖ мен BIM технологияларымен жұмыс жасауға дағдылану, сөзсіз, инженерлік кадрларды даярлау сапасын жақсартуға септігін тигізіп, жас маманның жоғары оқу орнын тәмамдағаннан кейін жұмыс орнына бейімделуге қажетті уақытын едәуір қысқартады және жұмыс беруші жағынан оның сұранысын айтарлықтай арттырады. Сонымен бірге, оқу үдерісінде аталмыш технологияларды қолдану, мамандарды даярлаудың негізгі мәселелерін шешумен қатар, жиынтық әрекеті оқыту нәтижелерін бірнеше есеге жақсартатын бірқатар қосымша білім беру нәтижелерін бермек. Кілт сөздер: Ғимараттарды ақпараттық модельдеу (BIM), AutoCAD, инженерлік мамандықтар, оқу үдерісі, ақпараттық модель

This article describes the experience of using elements of information modeling technology. Where the process of forming the information model was controlled by representatives of the Customer service in an organized environment of common data on the Internet server of the design organization. Also in this paper, a description is given of the application of elements of information modeling technology during the Customer’s verification, and the deadlines for completing the work are given, which at the end of the experiment gave a significant increase in productivity. The content of the article contains a description of an effective method of interaction of all participants at the design, construction and operation stages and continues to find application in existing projects, while not reducing the productivity time. Research in the article, in the case of joint work using elements of information modeling technology, leads to a certain experience, from which it can be concluded that the introduction of information modeling technology in the road industry is expected not only to improve the quality of the project, but also becomes more effective interaction of all participants at the design, construction and operation stage. The content of the article gives an idea that in fact, the information model of the project is an analog of a paper project. Also, the article discusses the issue of reducing the time of production of design works and works on making changes to the project documentation. This article will be useful for design specialists at the development stage, as well as the working stage.

Production systems play an important role in intelligent manufacturing. A large number of manufacturing resources are designed and developed with virtual (digital) ones, which will be associated with the physical ones throughout their lifecycle. With the recent emergence of information and communications technologies (ICTs), such as internet of things, big data, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and 5G, the interconnection and interaction between physical resources and virtual ones become possible in production systems. Digital twin (DT) shows great potential to realize the cyber-physical production system (CPPS) in the era of Industry 4.0. In this paper, we present our vision on integrating various physical resources into CPPS via DT and AutomationML. To elaborate on how to apply ICTs, this paper firstly explores a generic architecture of CPPS based on DT. DT is a virtual and authoritative representation of physical manufacturing resource, since DT includes various models and manufacturing big data of resource. The proposed architecture is illustrated in detail as follows: (1) physical layer, (2) network layer, (3) virtual layer, and (4) application layer. A case of expert fault diagnose for aircraft engine is presented using the proposed information fusion in the architecture. Secondly, this paper proposes an approach of information modeling for CPPS based on AutomationML. Various manufacturing services can be encapsulated and defined in the standardized format (AutomationML), and then the corresponding virtual manufacturing resources (DTs) will be integrated into CPPS. Finally, this paper describes a case of information modeling for blisk machining and demonstrates the modeling approach in real-life scenarios for support manufacturing resource sharing via DT. Furthermore, the conclusion and further work is briefly summarized.

Traceability management relies on a supporting model, the traceability information model (TIM), that defines which types of relationships exist between which artifacts and contains additional constraints such as multiplicities. Constructing a TIM that is fit for purpose is crucial to ensure that a traceability strategy yields the desired benefits. However, which design decisions are critical in the construction of TIMs and which impact they have on the usefulness and applicability of traceability is still an open question. In this paper, we use two cases of TIMs constructed for safety-critical, automotive systems with industrial safety experts, to identify key design decisions. We also propose a comparison scheme for TIMs based on a systematic literature review and evaluate the two cases as well as TIMs from the literature according to the scheme. Based on our analyses, we thus derive key insights into TIM construction and the design decisions that ensure that a TIM is fit for purpose.

There takes place an intensive integration of building information modeling (BIM) in the activities of design and construction companies of the Russian Federation, including the hydraulic engineering segment. Existing software systems for building information modeling are not adapted for the design of marine engineering. This article is devoted to the study of the problem and the development of specialized solutions in this area (new or based on the existing software).The process of creating a hydraulic engineering pilot project, including the necessary libraries of basic elements, is considered. An enlarged plan for the integration of BIM to the marine engineering is proposed.

Understanding decision making in design is becoming increasingly important within systems engineering and design research. While controlled experiments are used for testing hypotheses and are playing a significant role in developing theories, there is a lack of support for capturing and reusing knowledge associated with experimental design. The goal of this paper is to model the information required for designing and executing experiments, thereby enabling the reuse of past experimental designs. Using declarative formulations of four aspects of an experiment, namely, problem , process , participants and incentives , we extract the generic elements and standardize the structure of information as a Decision Experiment Design Support (DEDS) template, based on which an ontology is developed. The information necessary to execute an experiment is archived as DEDS templates and represented by a frame-based ontology that can be reused from one experiment to another. The approach is illustrated using two example experiments for studying the decision strategies of information acquisition, and the impact of domain knowledge on decisions. This paper offers a fundamental step towards reducing the barriers in designing and executing behavioral experiments for design and systems engineering research.

The article identifies the trends and problems in the development of complex information modeling in construction industry. The role of the information modeling technology platform is shown. The author makes a conclusion that information modeling should be developed in the direction of joint use of BIM and GIS technologies. There is offered a definition of a complex information model (CIM) of an object, its composition is determined, as well as the procedure for forming and subsequent integrating into information and analytical systems (IAS) of higher levels, namely, IAS of construction management and IAS of real estate management. The author considers distribution and consolidation of rights of ownership and use of complex information models of objects, which are determined by the selected schemes of implementation of the investment and construction process. Examples of implementing the presented author's developments are given.

Personalized production is a manufacturing concept relevant to the fourth industrial revolution, which can satisfy various customer needs inexpensively. There are three main hurdles to the efficient implementation of this concept: access, cost, and performance. This paper proposes a digital twin-based cyber physical production system (CPPS) architectural framework that overcomes the performance hurdle. The proposed architectural framework comprises five services that are solutions to the performance hurdle of personalized production, and it operates on information based on the proposed product, process, plan, plant, and resource (P4R) information model. This information model is manufacturing abstraction for personalized production and is presented on a detailed level with object-orientation and the “type and instance” concept. Whereas previous studies on the digital twin concept considered one or several facilities and focused on the development of independent applications, this study focuses on the digital twin as a core technological element of the entire system and analyzes CPPS design and its operation from the system-of-systems perspective. The application of the digital twin-based CPPS to a micro smart factory (MSF) provides an advanced solution for the personalized production of various products. An average makespan improvement of ~ 26.87% was achieved using the implemented CPPS services in the MSF.

The article presents a solution of the problem of substantiating the architecture of an interactive information model for the launch preparation of an integrated launch vehicle (ILV). The relevance of the research is due to the complexity and high dynamics of the ILV launch preparation process, as well as the latest achievements in the field of information modeling and decision support theory. The aim of the research is to raise the situational awareness of the decision maker in managing the process of preparing ILV for launch. The process of formation of situational awareness as an integral part of the decision-making process is analyzed. On the basis of this analysis a model of an indicator of the effectiveness of situational awareness formation is proposed for the first time. A model for evaluating the effectiveness of the process under study is developed on the basis of the mathematical apparatus of the theory of continuous-time Markov chains. The results of numerical experiments confirming the adequacy of the model and making it possible to state the quantitative requirements for the process of formation of situational awareness, ensuring its maximum efficiency, are presented. The tasks of the information system aimed at satisfying the requirements are stated, and the architecture of the information model of the ILV launch preparation process is developed. The research results can be used to justify the quantitative requirements for the developed information models of the launch situation at the stage of development of technical specifications.

Despite recent technological advancements in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industries, the number of fire-caused fatalities in residential and commercial buildings in the United States over the last decade has consistently been an order of magnitude higher than fatalities caused by all other types of natural disasters combined. In this research, EvacuSafe is developed as a tool for designers to allow for layout optimization of buildings and facilities in terms of their evacuation safety performance. Contributions of this research include the development and validation of two spatiotemporal risk indices to quantify the safety of the egress routes and individual building compartments. Other unique advantages of EvacuSafe include the seamless integration of fire dynamics simulation, agent-based crowd simulation and building information models (BIM) using IFC data structures, allowing EvacuSafe to be readily used by designers to analyze a building layout design under various fire scenarios and for layout design optimization based on multiple safety criteria. The development of the framework, the risk indices, and the IFC-based integration is illustrated and validated through a case study on a two-story office building with 59 compartments. The results of the implementation show that the EvacuSafe is a valuable tool for evacuation design and planning that provides a more comprehensive evaluation of the evacuation performance in comparison to the existing indices and safety measures in the industry.

The article describes the traffic design system IndorTrafficPlan implemention experience in Tomskavtodor. The main features and advantages for designers are presented.

The article considers the InfraBIM concept, its adaptation for roads, and the InfraBIM implementation prospects in Russia. Priority tasks to be solved on the current development level to fully implement and support the InfraBIM at all stages of the road lifecycle are offered.

Проведено дослідження інформаційно-конфліктолочної підсистеми методології системи технічного регулювання, що дозволяє визначити специфіку поточного стану системи та оцінити перспективи її розвитку. Показано, що оптимізацію об’єктно-суб’єктної взаємодії в системі технічного регулювання з подальшим реформуванням відповідних структур та перерозподілом їх функцій можна розглядати через аналіз конфліктних ситуацій. На основі конфліктологічного аналізу запропоновано моделі оптимізації об’єктно-суб’єктної взаємодії системи технічного регулювання, The research of the information and conflict subsystem of the methodology of the technical regulation system is conducted, which allows to determine the specifics of the current state of the system and to evaluate the prospects of its development. It is shown that optimization of object-subjective interaction in the system of technical regulation with the subsequent reformation of the corresponding structures and redistribution of their functions can be considered through analysis of conflict situations. On the basis of conflict analysis, models of optimization of object-subjective interaction of the technical regulation system are proposed

Τα τελευταία χρόνια ιδιαιτέρο ενδιαφέρον έχει παρουσιαστεί στον τομέα της ενεργειακήςαπόδοσης και εξοικονόμησης κτηρίων, καθώς η ταχεία αύξηση της ενεργειακής κατανάλωσης έχει ήδη εγείρει ανησυχίες για την εξάντληση των συμβατικών ενεργειακών πόρων. Προς αυτή την κατεύθυνση, η χρήση θερμικών μοντέλων λεπτομερούς προσομοίωσης κτηρίων (Building Energy Performance simulation — BEPs) είναι ιδιαίτερα ενδιαφέρουσα και προσδίδει σημαντικές δυνατότητες κατά τις φάσεις σχεδιασμού και λειτουργίας, καθώς τα μοντέλα αυτά δύναται να προβλέψουν με υψηλή ακρίβεια την ενεργειακή συμπεριφορά των κτηρίων. Τα κτήρια αντιμετωπίζονται ως πολύπλοκα συστήματα και μια λεπτομερής προσομοίωση απαιτεί να ληφθούν υπόψη τα πραγματικά κλιματικά δεδομένα, η γεωμετρία, τα υλικά του κτηρίου, τα συστήματα θέρμανσης — αερισμού — κλιματισμού και η συμπεριφορά του χρήστη. Τα δεδομένα αυτά μπορούν να κατηγοριοποιηθούν ως εξής: στατικά δεδομένα, που περιέχουν πληροφορίες για τη γεωμετρία, τα υλικά κατασκευής και τα συστήματα θέρμανσης — αερισμού — κλιματισμού, και δυναμικά δεδομένα, τα οποία περιγράφουν τα χρονοδιαγράμματα λειτουργίας διαφόρων παραμέτρων του κτηρίου καθώς και τα ισχύοντα κλιματικά δεδομένα. Συνεπώς, στοχεύοντας στην ανάπτυξη ενός λεπτομερούς μοντέλου θερμικής προσομοίωσης απαιτείται η λεπτομερής καταγραφή και προώθηση των δεδομένων αυτών σε ένα λογισμικό προσομοίωσης, ορίζοντας τα δεδομένα εισόδου του εν λόγω λογισμικού. Απόρροια της δυσκολίας να συλλεγούν και να οριστούν καταλλήλως τα δεδομέναεισόδου αποτελεί ο υψηλός φόρτος εργασίας για την ανάπτυξη μοντέλων BEPs.Όσον αφορά στα στατικά δεδομένα, η ανάπτυξη μίας μεθοδολογίας για ημι-αυτόματη δημιουργία μοντέλων BEPs θα μπορούσε να επιταχύνει τη διαδικασία μοντελοποίησης. Προς αυτή την κατεύθυνση, τα Κτηριακά Πληροφοριακά Μοντέλα (Building Information Models – BIM) είναι πλούσια σε πληροφορία αρχεία που θα μπορούσαν να χρησιμοποιηθούν για την επίσπευση της διαδικασίας συλλογής των στατικών δεδομένων. Αναφερόμενοι στη γεωμετρία, το ανοικτό πρότυπο τυποποιημένων κλάσεων Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί για την καταγραφή της στατικής αυτής πληροφορίας, αλλά σε μορφή που συνήθως δεν δύναται άμεσα να αξιοποιηθεί για την παραγωγή των μοντέλων θερμικής προσομοίωσης λόγω της απουσίας των 2oυ επιπέδου χωρικών ορίων (2nd level space boundaries). Αν και το πρότυπο IFC υποστηρίζει την καταγραφή των 2oυ επιπέδου χωρικών ορίων, οι τρέχουσες εκδόσεις εργαλείων που εξάγουν τα αρχεία IFC αδυνατούν να περιγράψουν ορθώς τα όρια αυτά. Σε περιπτώσεις όπου η πληροφορία των 2oυ επιπέδου χωρικών ορίων είναι διαθέσιμη, απαιτείται μια αντιστοίχηση των δεδομένων του IFC σε δεδομένα εισόδου για ένα συγκεκριμένο λογισμικό προσομοίωσης. Μια ακριβής αντιστοίχηση των δεδομένων αυτών μπορεί να οδηγήσει σε μια υψηλής ακρίβειας γεωμετρία του μοντέλου BEPs. Σε αυτό το σημείο, ένα ερώτημα το οποίο ο δημιουργός του μοντέλου θα κληθεί να απαντήσει είναι το πόσο ακριβές πρέπει να είναι το μοντέλο θερμικής προσομοίωσης. Η ακρίβεια ενός μοντέλου διαφοροποιείται ανάλογα με τον σκοπό για τον οποίο χρησιμοποιείται. Για παράδειγμα, οι απαιτήσεις ακρίβειας των θερμικών μοντέλων που χρησιμοποιούνται κατά την φάση ανάπτυξης προηγμένων στρατηγικών ελέγχου των ενεργειακών στοιχείων του κτηρίου (όπως για παράδειγμα των συστημάτων κλιματισμού και θέρμανσης, καθώς και συστήματων σκίασης και φυσικού αερισμού) διαφέρουν σημαντικά σε σχέση με τις απαιτήσεις των μοντέλων προσομοίωσης που χρησιμοποιούνται κατά τις ενεργειακές επιθεωρήσεις. Κατά την φάση ανάπτυξης προηγμένων στρατηγικών ελέγχου, απαιτείται ένα μοντέλο χαμηλής υπολογιστικής πολυπλοκότητας, που είναι σε θέση να συλλάβει τις ευαισθησίες και τις τάσεις κατά τη μεταβολή των συνθηκών, αλλά η υψηλή ακρίβεια δεν είναι απαραίτητη. ΄Οσον αφορά στα δυναμικά δεδομένα, η διαθεσιμότητα μετρούμενων από αισθητήρες δυναμικών δεδομένων σε ένα κτήριο αποτελεί μια ευκαιρία για την εξάλειψη αβεβαιοτήτων του μοντέλου BEPs χωρίς να αυξάνεται η υπολογιστική πολυπλοκότητα. Αναφερόμενοι στις καιρικές συνθήκες, τα δεδομένα αυτά είναι σύνηθες να μην περιλαμβάνουν πληροφορία σχετικά με την ηλιακή ακτινοβολία, παρά μόνο το ποσοστό κάλυψης του ουρανού από σύννεφα. Ακόμα και αν υπάρχουν διαθέσιμα στοιχεία της συνολικής ηλιακής ακτινοβολίας, ένα κρίσιμο στοιχείο για την προσομοίωση της ενεργειακής απόδοσης των κτηρίων είναι η διαθεσιμότητα δεδομένων τόσο της διάχυτης όσο και της άμεσης ηλιακής ακτινοβολίας, δεδομένα τα οποία επί το πλείστον δεν είναι διαθέσιμα.Σε αυτή την διατριβή, αρχικά παρουσιάζεται μια μεθοδολογία για την ημι-αυτόματη δημιουργία των στατικών δεδομένων μοντέλων θερμικής προσομοίωσης, αποτελούμενη από τα εξής βήματα: 1) συλλογή δεδομένων που περιγράφουν τη γεωμετρία του κτηρίου από το σχετικό αρχείο IFC, 2) επεξεργασία των δεδομένων που αποκτήθηκαν από έναν αλγόριθμο υπολογισμού των 2oυ επιπέδου χωρικών ορίων (αλγόριθμος CBIP), και 3) εφαρμογή μιας διαδικασίας μετασχηματισμού που μετατρέπει την πληροφορία της γεωμετρίας του αρχείου IFC και τα αποτελέσματα του αλγορίθμου CBIP σε δεδομένα εισόδου των λογισμικών θερμικής προσομοίωσης EnergyPlus και TRNSYS. Στη συνέχεια, η γεωμετρία του μοντέλου BEPs που προκύπτει εφαρμόζοντας την προαναφερθείσα μεθοδολογία είναι υψηλής λεπτομέρειας λόγω υψηλού αριθμού επιφανειών και θερμικών ζωνών, αυξάνοντας το χρόνο εκτέλεσης της προσομοίωσης και αποκλείοντας τη χρήση τους κατά τη φάση ανάπτυξης προηγμένων στρατηγικών ελέγχου των ενεργειακών στοιχείων του κτηρίου. Συνεπώς, διερευνώνται μεθοδολογίες επιτάχυνσης της προσομοίωσης που εστιάζουν στη μείωση του πλήθους των επιφανειών ή / και των θερμικών ζωνών έτσι ώστε να μειωθεί η πολυπλοκότητα του μοντέλου. Έπειτα, ο καθορισμός μιας σύνδεσης του μοντέλου BEPs με μετρήσεις αισθητήρων του κτηρίου είναι υψίστης σημασίας. Η σύνδεση αυτή, ιδιαίτερα επιθυμητή επίσης για τη δοκιμή και το σχεδιασμό των στρατηγικών ελέγχου, επιτυγχάνεται χρησιμοποιώντας ένα ευρέως γνωστό λογισμικό ανταλλαγής δεδομένων, το Building Controls Virtual Test Bed (BCVTB). Τέλος, μεταξύ μιας πληθώρας μεθόδων για την εκτίμηση της δίαχυτης και της άμεσης ηλιακής ακτινοβολίας, το ερώτημα της καταλληλότερης μεθόδου δεν έχει πλήρως διευθετηθεί, ερώτημα στο οποίο η διατριβή αυτή προσπαθεί να απαντήσει.Η μεθοδολογία για την ημι-αυτόματη δημιουργία μοντέλων θερμικής προσομοίωσης εφαρμόστηκε σε πραγματικά κτήρια και τα αποτελέσματά τους παρουσιάζονται, αναδεικνύοντας την ικανότητα της μεθοδολογίας στο χειρισμό πολύπλοκων (μη-κυρτών) γεωμετριών και στην παραγωγή όλων των δεδομένων της γεωμετρίας που απαιτούνται από το μοντέλο θερμικής προσομοίωσης. Η μεθοδολογία επιταχύνει σημαντικά τη συνολική διαδικασία δημιουργίας μοντέλων θερμικής προσομοίωσης, χρησιμοποιώντας τη γεωμετρική πληροφορία που περιλαμβάνεται στο αρχείο IFC. Στη συνέχεια, οι μεθοδολογίες επιτάχυνσης της προσομοίωσης αξιολογήθηκαν με βάση την ακρίβεια και την υπολογιστική πολυπλοκότητα σε πραγματικά κτήρια. Επιπλέον, από ένα πλήθος πειραμάτων που πραγματοποιήθηκαν στα κτήρια αυτά, ένα επιλέχθηκε να παρουσιαστεί, τονίζοντας την αναγκαιότητα της σύνδεσης των μετρήσεων αισθητήρων με το θερμικό μοντέλο για την εξάλειψη των αβεβαιοτήτων του μοντέλου θερμικής προσομοίωσης. Τέλος, οι διάφορες μέθοδοι εκτίμησης της διάχυτης και άμεσης ακτινοβολίας αξιολογήθηκαν, υποδεικνύοντας ότι δεν υπάρχει μία μέθοδος αισθητά καλύτερη από τις υπόλοιπες.

The concept of Smart Grids refers to a complex ecosystem that can be described as a combination of systems to capture its most structural elements. When studying these complex systems, the traditional tools of the Cartesian methods have shown their limits. There is therefore a need to resort to other methods to model them. These modeling methods are generally classified and grouped into five families: functional modeling, decision modeling, resource modeling, information modeling and mixed modeling. This review provides an overview of the state of the art of an intelligent network. The classification of modeling methods is also presented. Then an application of the bond graph approach will be explained. Finally we describe a general idea on the management of smart grids.

The implementation of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) applied across the manufacturing value chain helps to make processes more efficient since CPS enable the creation of more personalized, diversified and mass-produced products. This paper addresses the challenges of integrating Dimensional Measurement Equipments in a CPS manufacturing system, often addressed as Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS). CPS and Industry 4.0 represent an opportunity for metrology. The challenge is to design a CPPS, considering the metrology information required to provide value-added services to the manufacturing system. The use of open information models and established standards will be addressed to enable data to flow seamlessly from the physical layer (measuring devices) to the cyber layer of a CPPS, mainly focusing on the Quality Information Framework (QIF) information model.

We proposed an interior design decision support system that enables clients to participate in the early phases of the interior design for a housing project. This allows them to select objects (e.g., colours, patterns, material) for the interior design based on the unit measure of costs with input from various A/E/C experts. This also allows the interior designer and cost estimator to check the costs accordingly. The proposed system was implemented using the BPH and IDOL. In an example study, interior design objects and default costs were proposed while examining the fixed and variable cost options. This study examined how client decisions made during the early design phases and based on restrictions in the interior design can affect a project. An analysis of the results confirmed that our interior design decision support system leads to client satisfaction with the interior design, while enabling clients to manage project costs by providing a cost baseline. Overall, this increases the accuracy of early estimates made during the project concept phase. Cost and time are both very key indicators for assessing project performance. In the earlier phases of large-scale housing projects, the review of construction costs is important (Kim et al., 2004). It is not appropriate to state that high-cost interiors designs are good and low-cost ones are not. However, making interior designs or design changes without any consideration of the cost is a source of serious problems for the interior designer and other project participants, especially the owner/developer. Moreover, despite considerable information on costs for alternative proposals selected by interior designers, existing procedures have many problems as seen in a review and feedback of these alternatives. To address these problems, we investigated various alternative proposals for surfaces (floor, wall and ceiling) and non-surfaces (furniture, windows and doors) on a unit plan basis for large-scale housing development projects, and provided an interior information model. The model was validated through an example study to show how it could be used in the decision-making process by various participants in a construction project. The proposed model is useful in providing a total interior cost review and cost baseline for the developer/owner, a means for cost-based decision making by interior designers, and the interior material information required by builders. Future studies will focus on the automation of quantity surveying and graphics to reinforce the use of Internet-based decision support systems. In future studies, further subdivision of the design objects characteristics will be necessary, as well as the development of a system that enables clients to make interior design decisions by changing layers, a subject outside the scope of the present study. Additional work is also required to enable interior designers to use the information provided by vendors and suppliers directly, and to provide the information for the procurement phase without any additional processing.

New information technology is represented to be an effective tool for environmental monitoring data processing when unremovable information uncertainties exist and additional in-situ measurements can not be realized. This technology is based on combined using the GIS tools and mathematical models. Series of real polluted environment monitoring tasks are given as confirmation of the efficiency of developing this technology.

Interoperability testing and analysis tools provide a means for achieving and assuring the integrity of multivendor intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) data exchanges. However, the testing and analysis are very time consuming and error prone, and these problems worsen when a substation becomes large and complex during the engineering process, commission, replacement, maintenance, and extension. To address this challenge, this paper presents a virtual digital substation test system (VDSTS) with interoperability analysis tools for assessing and identifying the engineering challenges for the multiple-vendors digital substation. This VDSTS consists of three parts: (i) A virtual digital substation modelling for generating real-time digital substation primary plant operation and fault conditions, (ii) a standard IEC 61850-based substation protection, automation, and control (PAC) system architecture with multivendor IEDs and bay solutions, and (iii) multivendor Substation Configuration description Language (SCL) tools and in-house built data visualisation tool. The study focuses on the interoperability testing of sampled values (SV), generic object-oriented substation events (GOOSE), and manufacturing message specification (MMS) communication services, as defined in IEC 61850. The main issues identified are compatibility issues of SCL tools, protocol implementation issues, different information models, and application limitations. The outcomes will help utilities to reduce the risks associated with the general rollout of digital substations.

With the rapid development of information technology, the construction of automated terminals is in the ascendant, and the direction of automated terminal construction has attracted attention from all over the world. At the same time, the proposal of the smart port also puts forward new requirements for the future development of the port. This article summarizes the relevant research on the construction of automated terminals and smart port system planning, and proposes the direction of future automated terminal construction, including equipment upgrades, technical process standardization, and improvement of system integration capabilities. It also proposed smart port system planning guidelines, focusing on the key points of smart port planning, and specifying that smart ports should focus on building a GIS-based Smart Port-Industry-City Spatial Geographic Information Platform, a Smart Port-Industry-City Digital Twin Model and PIM (Port Information Model) that perceived 3D data and temporal and spatial changes, and a Smart Port Big Data Center, which was interconnected and coordinated in all directions, providing technical references for the research on the top system plan of smart ports and the development of specific applications.

This article describes an approach to the exchange of information at the design stage of a capital construction facility using BIM technologies. One of the most important stages is the stage of indener surveys, at which an engineering digital terrain model is formed. An engineering digital terrain model and its constituent models are described. The table of the described types of elements of the engineering digital terrain model is given Describes the structures that create element libraries. The problems of using such libraries and solutions are given. The process of calculation and selection of building materials and equipment based on an engineering digital terrain model and a library of materials is described.

Monitoring and digitalization are key to improve the resilience of the infrastructure network in the context of assessing its disaster management cycle. SAFEWAY is a project funded by the H2020 framework that aims to assess infrastructure resilience integrating multiscale information attending to all modes of disaster management cycle. This work presents the methodologies developed in the project for road and rail infrastructure monitoring and modelling, using remotely sensed data from Mobile Mapping Systems (MMS). First, 3D point clouds of both road and rail infrastructure are heuristically processed, obtaining geometric and semantic information from the most relevant assets, as well as the alignment, which is a key entity for generating information models. Such models are computed following the specifications of the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) 4.1 schema, considering its current limitations and future potential for linear infrastructure modelling. Finally, the information is centralized in a core software platform where a user interface has been developed to aid visualization and interpretation of the resulting data. Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. RTI2018-095893-B-C21 Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. FJC2018-035550-I

The development of modern information technologies leads not only to an increase in the computing power of modern computers and the improvement of the capabilities of specialized software in the field of construction design, but also the need to develop approaches for the implementation of the proposed technologies at the stage of construction design.

As the core of advanced digital management application technology, BIM is widely used in various infrastructure construction. Prefabricated assembly substation uses advanced, reliable and environmentally friendly intelligent modular units to form an intensive closed substation. It takes digitization, networking and standardization of information as its basic requirements. Compared with conventional substation, it occupies less space, has shorter construction period, lower cost, no noise and no detection. Radiation-free and maintenance-free environment-friendly intelligent substation. A real digital information model of the whole substation depth is established by combining the Internet, big data, IoT and the construction process. Decomposition is performed in accordance with construction management and control steps to achieve model construction growth, according to Gantt chart schedule. The corresponding mechanism between the 2D code scan and the model is established, and the relationship between the digital model and the real nodes in the construction process is implemented. The life cycle of power transmission and transformation projects is facilitated by establishing appropriate management and control platform and developing the functional modules of the app. The Building Information Modeling technology is used to accurately calculate project quantities, strengthen the management and control of material cost information, provide efficient engineering quantities calculation and reduce cost. Based on the prefabricated assembly substation of 110 kV Longhua Center, this paper gives the corresponding case introduction and promotion suggestions from the aspects of prefabricated component production, assembly construction, information management technology and so on, aiming at applying it to the construction management stage of the substation industrialization project.

In order to improve the information and product originality level of intelligent manufacturing industry based on sensor technology, this paper summarizes the current situation of CAx integration based on sensor technology and its design application and analyzes the shortcomings of existing CAx integration, aiming at accurate, complete, timely, and barrier-free transfer of sensor product data and information between CAx system and MRPII/ERP management information system. The concept and information model of feature extension of sensor components oriented to the whole process of sensor intelligent manufacturing is presented. Taking feature extension of sensor components as the integration link, CAx integration framework structure and its design application mode based on feature extension are established, while key technologies and implementation ideas to realize the integration and the design application are put forward, which provides an effective path to realize the sensor integration of CAx and management information systems such as MRPII/ERP.

The article considers a solution of the problem of information modeling urban environment. The structure of the components of the CIM (City Information Modeling) methodology is proposed. The model of integration of BIM (Building Information Modeling) and GIS (Geographic Information System) technologies for development of the unified CIM standard which should become a basis of the integrated information platform of the commom data for modeling of the urban environment is presented. Figs.: 5. Refs.: 15 titles.Keywords: CIM; BIM; GIS; integrated information platform; modeling of the urban environment.

Promoting digitalization in industrial automation drives usage of new technologies, communication and information models. Thereby providing a platform for industrial automation to interact cooperatively with information technologies plays a crucial role to increase its digitalization and intelligence. An important factor in this interaction is security. The current automation systems do not cooperate in a high interconnected environment but offer a high security level. In contrast to the current automation systems, the future automation systems in context of Industry 4.0 offer high interconnectedness but require a security solution. The interaction deals with retrieving and processing data from the process control system and sending feedback to it. For retrieving data from automation systems different concepts are discussed such as the NAMUR Information diode. The goal of this paper is to develop a realization of a secure gateway for the interaction of information technology and automation systems. Furthermore, an approach to integrate feedback of information technology into process control is discussed.

The article discusses approaches to building a life cycle information model for ship design and construction, such as digital shipbuilding, simulation-based modeling, and a virtual shipyard. The basic principles are formulated for creating an electronic information model of a ship (EIMS) that describes the life cycle at the stages of ship design. The necessary initial technical requirements for creating an electronic information model are given. The authors analyzed the creation of EIMS in working parallelly with a group of experts in different areas. Expert analysis shows the importance of making a reasonable choice of the size of the workspace, where parallel work on creating the model is carried out at the same time. The concept of a digital design and construction unit is formed and its influence on the quality of EIMS creation at the design stage is shown.

A task to assess the reliability of the functioning processes of flexible manufacturing systems was set and solved in the paper. We used a system of functional networks as a mathematical tool for describing, evaluating, and optimizing processes. We developed an information modeling technology that takes into account the reliability of technical means of automation and the characteristics of the human operator and the production environment. We can recommend the technology as an element of a decision support system for managing complex automated systems.

Automation equipment with different functions from different manufacturers is common in lithium ion battery manufacturing workshops, which is manifested as heterogeneous data distributed at different network levels at the information level. The interconnection between a workshop system and equipment is the basis for realizing manufacturing informatization and intelligence, and is a core problem of intelligent manufacturing workshop integration. The key to solve this problem is to establish a standardized and consistent information model. Aiming at the problem of information interconnection, this paper established an information model of the intelligent manufacturing workshop of lithium ion batteries based on the analysis of the architecture, functional categories, and information interaction of the intelligent manufacturing workshop. Then, by clarifying the attribute set, component set, and the information objects contained in each information model, the hierarchical architecture of the information model was constructed. Then, the rules that map the information model in to the OLE for Process Control Unified Architecture (OPC UA) address space is established. The approach for implementing data storage and interaction of the information model based on the OPC UA server/client are also discussed. Finally, taking the soft-pack battery manufacturing workshop as an example, the information model is applied to realize the interconnection and interoperability of production management data, material management data, equipment management data, and quality management data among various levels of the workshop, which verifies the feasibility of the proposed information model.

We consider an approach to substantiating the utility function to obtain initial estimates for the quality indicators of complex technical systems (CTS) in the form of a formalized information model taking into account the consistency of expert estimates. As an object of СTS research, there is a model for a truck with a trailer as part of multifunctional complexes with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). A model and algorithmization of the process of forming an information-analytical system with the results obtained for selected indicators for assessing the technical level of a truck with a trailer are presented.

Integrating environmental sustainability assessment into parametric design presents an opportunity for enabling sustainable product design. However, this is a challenging task as quantitative methods for sustainability assessment are poorly integrated with parametric design and optimization tools. Furthermore, current streamlined approaches for computing environmental impact during the design stage often ignore manufacturing-related impacts resulting from the geometric complexity of parts. To address these gaps, we present a systematic workflow for computing environmental indicators from parametric design models. Our workflow utilizes the unit manufacturing process information model to evaluate manufacturing-phase resource consumption from process planning data, and consequently enables quantitative correlation of design parameters to the calculated environmental indicators. We demonstrate our workflow through a case study involving the design of a rigid flange coupling, wherein we evaluate the influence of geometric design parameters on the corresponding environmental impact of the design.

The regional track structure of the beam-end telescopic adjuster on the long-span bridges and the rail-lifting device at the beam joint is prone to disease. Through the in-depth discussion and research on the application of Building Information Model (BIM) technology in the high-speed railway rails telescopic regulator project, combining the regulator health monitoring with BIM technology, a BIM-based regulator monitoring method was proposed. It uses edge computing to preprocess the data, adopts a hierarchical design, combines each functional domain with each layer of BIM in parallel. It establishes a universal security chain association model, and it conducts chain domain and global domain analysis of the data. On this basis, according to the Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie) standard, an as-built delivery information model is established to integrate and transfer data. It seamlessly transfers the construction and management process information about the rail telescopic regulator and BIM to the operation and maintenance stages. In this way, the real-time assessment and early warning of the rail telescopic regulator and the coordinated management of intelligent decision-making are realized, laying a foundation for future intelligent operation and maintenance.

Digital platforms that manage manufacturing applications are complex systems that must provide flexibility to support the execution and reconfiguration of manufacturing plans. The use of modeling approaches may help dealing with this complexity, but the information models should be based on industrial standards to enable their applicability to different manufacturing scenarios. This work contributes a modeling approach towards the definition of information models for achieving manufacturing flexibility in accordance with the reference architecture RAMI 4.0. To that end, this work analyses the reference models that made up RAMI 4.0 to align their requirements with those necessary to support manufacturing flexibility. As a proof of concept, this work illustrates the application of the proposed models in an agent-based platform.

The article considers the concept of cyberphysical integration of building systems and potential of its application for the design automation. The approach of distributed physical modeling of construction facilities under design by means of cyberphysical integration of existing facilities is proposed. The enlarged algorithm of distributed model structure formation, describing the process of data structure development, formalization of requirements to the facility under design parameters and its operation modes (including normal operating conditions and extreme modes, including natural disasters) and selection of facilities for the whole group, providing distributed modeling, is given. Implementation of the proposed approach is aimed at increasing the reliability of life cycle modeling of the construction facilities under design.

The object of research is the design technology of towed underwater systems for shallow waters. The subject of research is ways to increase productivity and reduce the cost of designing and manufacturing towed underwater systems.During the research, the methodology of system approach, methods of structural analysis, mathematical modeling and 3D-design, additive technologies of manufacturing structures of towed underwater systems are applied.A systematic analysis of the laws of development of the technologies of designing towed underwater systems is performed. The perspective directions of their further development are formulated as a necessary condition for increasing the efficiency of design works on the basis of modern designing tools and ensuring competitiveness in the market of marine equipment. It is proposed to supplement the traditional stages of designing such systems with three new stages that embody the current trends in the creation of marine technology. The genesis of the technologies of designing towed underwater systems is developed as a scientific and methodological basis for their further development in the direction of increasing the efficiency of design works and reducing the cost of time and financial resources. It is theoretically substantiated the feasibility of developing technologies of design of towed underwater systems by introducing into the project practice three technologies:– technologies of information modeling of the basic steady and transient modes of towed underwater systems on the basis of system approach, supplemented by the criteria of cost estimation for their construction and operation;– technologies of the building information modeling as an information support for the design, construction and further operation of the generated towed underwater system;– additive technology of production of elements and units of the towed underwater system based on the results obtained from the previous technologies as an effective way to reduce the total costs of financial and time resources and reduce the cost of created towed underwater systems.The practical importance of the work is to confirm the efficiency and industrial perspective of the proposed technologies, which was obtained as a result of their partial introduction into the design and production practice when creating the towed glider project.Further research is planned to be conducted within the framework of the pilot project «Single Information Space for the Processes of Design, Construction and Operation of towed Underwater Systems», as well as by expanding the use of additive technologies during the construction of towed underwater systems., Объектом исследования являются технологии проектирования буксируемых подводных систем для мелководных акваторий. Предметом исследования являются пути повышения производительности и снижения затрат на проектирование и производство буксируемых подводных систем.При выполнении исследования были применены методологию системного подхода, методы структурного анализа, математического моделирования и 3D-проектирования, аддитивные технологии изготовления конструкций буксируемых подводных систем.Выполнен системный анализ закономерностей развития технологий проектирования буксируемых подводных систем. Сформулированы перспективные направления их дальнейшего развития как необходимое условие повышения эффективности проектных работ на основе современного инструментария проектирования и обеспечения конкурентоспособности на рынке морской техники. Предложено дополнить традиционные этапы проектирования таких систем тремя новыми этапами, которые воплощают современные тенденции создания морской техники. Разработан генезис технологий проектирования буксируемых подводных систем как научно-методологическую основу их дальнейшего развития в направлении повышения эффективности проектных работ и снижения затрат временных и финансовых ресурсов. Теоретически обоснована целесообразность развития технологий проектирования буксируемых подводных систем путем введения в проектную практику трех технологий:– технологии информационного моделирования основных устоявшихся и переходных режимов буксируемых подводных систем на основе системного подхода, дополненного критериями оценки затрат на их строительство и эксплуатацию;– ВІМ-технологии (Technologies of the Building Information Modeling) как информационной поддержки процессов проектирования, строительства и последующей эксплуатации создаваемой буксируемой подводной системы;– аддитивной технологии производства элементов и узлов буксируемой подводной системы на основе полученных результатов предыдущих технологий как эффективного пути сокращения общих затрат финансовых и временных ресурсов и снижения себестоимости создаваемых буксируемых подводных систем.Практическая значимость работы заключается в подтверждении эффективности и промышленной перспективности предлагаемых технологий, которое было получено в результате их частичного внедрения в проектную и производственную практику при создании буксируемой подводной системы проекта «Глайдер»., Об’єктом дослідження є технології проектування буксируваних підводних систем для мілководних акваторій. Предметом дослідження є шляхи підвищення продуктивності та зниження витрат на проектування та виробництво буксируваних підводних систем.При виконанні дослідження було застосовано методологію системного підходу, методи структурного аналізу, математичного моделювання та 3D-проектування, адитивні технології виготовлення конструкцій буксируваних підводних систем.Виконано системний аналіз закономірностей розвитку технологій проектування буксируваних підводних систем. Сформульовано перспективні напрямки їх подальшого розвитку як необхідну умову підвищення ефективності проектних робіт на основі сучасного інструментарію проектування та забезпечення конкурентоспроможності на ринку морської техніки. Запропоновано доповнити традиційні етапи проектування таких систем трьома новими етапами, які втілюють сучасні тенденції створення морської техніки. Розроблено генезис технологій проектування буксируваних підводних систем як науково-методологічну основу їх подальшого розвитку у напрямку підвищення ефективності проектних робіт та зниження витрат часових і фінансових ресурсів. Теоретично обґрунтовано доцільність розвитку технологій проектування буксируваних підводних систем шляхом уведення у проектну практику трьох технологій:– технології інформаційного моделювання основних усталених та перехідних режимів буксируваних підводних систем на основі системного підходу, доповненого критеріями оцінки витрат на їхнє будівництво та експлуатацію;– ВІМ-технології (Technologies of the Building Information Modeling) як інформаційної підтримки процесів проєктування, будівництва та подальшої експлуатації створюваної буксируваної підводної системи;– адитивної технології виробництва елементів та вузлів буксируваної підводної системи на основі отриманих результатів від попередніх технологій як ефективного шляху скорочення загальних витрат фінансових і часових ресурсів та зниження собівартості створюваних буксируваних підводних систем.Практична значимість роботи полягає у підтвердженні ефективності та промислової перспективності запропонованих технологій, яке було отримане у результаті їх часткового впровадження у проектну та виробничу практику при створенні буксируваної підводної системи проекту «Глайдер».

Building information modeling (BIM) can facilitate evaluation of the energy performance of a building from the early stages of a project. However, due to differences in how information is r...

Configuration and implementation of safety programs for robot applications have to face the common requirements of changeability and flexibility. The paper points out the challenges for safety and that dynamic reconfiguration and automated compilation of safety programs are not state of the art and not supported by international standards. On the other side HRC technologies and collaborative production scenarios, lead to more required knowledge and a higher complexity in creating safety programs. This paper gives an overview of the state of the art, how safety programs for robot applications are generated and what approaches and methods can be found to automate the program generation. The throughout this paper introduced approach for an automated safety configuration for robot applications is based on the information model of the application. The model consists of product, process, resource and hazard information. Combined with a safety function model and safety standards, it results in a proposed safety state machine as safety program. The throughout this paper introduced safety states are explained by an application example. The safety program is structured by safety states and implemented in a conventional way.

Technological advancements focusing on effective and efficient information modeling, visualization, resource tracking, and collaboration have gained substantial traction in the architectura...

Building information modeling is a process for creating and managing information on a construction project across the project lifecycle. The lifecycle of building includes also a stage of reconstru...

In a nuclear power plant, classification is a key tool to manage equipment and materials. There could be different classifications corresponding to the different lifecycle phases and the challenge is to achieve and maintain interoperability, continuity, traceability between them. Therefore, it is important to define the equipment and materials classification based on standardized information models in order to effectively share and integrate lifecycle data of equipment and materials. To accomplish this, a method for standardized exchange of plant equipment and materials data based on ISO 15926 methodology in nuclear power plants is suggested. In the proposed method, we use an information model to expand the equipment and materials classification used for the operation and maintenance phase of a nuclear power plant. This is based on the ISO 15926 standard after analyzing the master data from the Shin Kori unit 1 and 2 of Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. (KHNP). Furthermore, as a data exchange tool in the proposed method, this study develops a method to exchange equipment and materials specification data by using iRINGTools.