174 results on '"Castillo, Pablo"'
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2. Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Filenchus multistriatus n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Tylenchidae) and Data on a Known Species of the Genus from Bushehr Province, Southern Iran
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Monemi Somayeh, Atighi Mohammad Reza, Abolafia Joaquín, Castillo Pablo, and Pedram Majid
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filenchus sandneri ,lsu rdna d2-d3 ,new species ,ssu rdna ,taxonomy ,tylenchinae ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
During a nematological survey in southern Iran, a population belonging to the family Tylenchidae was recovered from a tomato field in Bushehr province. The recovered population belongs to the genus Filenchus, was described and illustrated herein as F. multistriatus n. sp. It is mainly characterized by having a wide and low annulated lip region continuous with adjacent body; amphidial openings confined to the labial plate; four lines in lateral fields forming three bands, with the two outer bands broken by transverse, and the inner one broken by both transverse and longitudinal lines; and median bulb oval with visible valve and elongate-conoid tail uniformly and gradually narrowing toward the distal region, ending in a widely rounded tip. Its morphological and morphometric differences with three closely similar species were discussed. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species with other relevant genera and species were reconstructed using partial sequences of small, and large subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU and LSU rDNA) sequences. Morphometric and morphological data were also provided for an Iranian population of F. sandneri recovered from Bushehr province. Both populations were characterised using SEM data.
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- 2023
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3. Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Ottolenchus isfahanicus n. sp. (Tylenchomorpha: Tylenchoidea) from Rhizosphere of Gramineous Plants in Isfahan Province, Iran
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Mahboubi Zeinab, Keramat Mojtaba, Pourjam Ebrahim, Reza Atighi Mohammad, Clavero-Camacho Ilenia, Abolafia Joaquín, Castillo Pablo, and Pedram Majid
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new species ,ottolenchus facultativus ,phylogeny ,ssu rdna ,taxonomy ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
A new species from the family Tylenchidae was recovered in the grasslands of Isfahan province, Iran, and is herein described based on morphological and molecular data. Ottolenchus isfahanicus n. sp. is mainly characterized by having a faintly annulated cuticle; elongated, slightly sigmoid amphidial apertures developed metacorpus with distinct valve under LM; vulva located at 69.472.3% of body length; large spermatheca about 2.75 times of corresponding body width; and elongated conoid tail with broadly rounded tip. SEM observations showed that the lip region is smooth; the amphidial apertures are elongated, slightly sigmoid slits; and the lateral field is a simple band. It is further characterized by 477-to-515-μm-long females with delicate 5.7-to-6.9-μm-long stylets with small, slightly posteriorly sloping knobs, as well as functional males, in the population. The new species closely resembles O. facultativus, but is separated from it based on morphological and molecular data. It was further morphologically compared with O. discrepans, O. fungivorus, and O. sinipersici. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species with other relevant genera and species were reconstructed using near-full-length sequences of small subunit and D2-D3 expansion segments of large subunit (SSU and LSU D2-D3). In the inferred SSU phylogeny, the newly generated sequence of Ottolenchus isfahanicus n. sp. formed a clade with two sequences of O. sinipersici and sequences assigned to O. facultativus and O. fungivorus. In the inferred LSU phylogeny, the three newly generated sequences of the new species and LSU sequences of O. sinipersici and O. discrepans formed a clade.
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- 2023
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4. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Longidorus sabalanicus n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Iran
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Asgari, Mohsen, Eskandari, Ali, Castillo, Pablo, and Palomares-Rius, Juan E.
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- 2022
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5. First report of Longidorus leptocephalus Hooper, 1961 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Greece
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Clavero-Camacho Ilenia, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete Carolina, Kormpi Maria, Palomares-Rius Juan E., Tzortzakakis Emmanuel A., Castillo Pablo, and Archidona-Yuste Antonio
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cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 ,d2-d3 of 28s rdna ,description ,its1 rdna ,needle nematodes ,taxonomy ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Longidorid nematodes comprise more than 500 species, and Longidorus and Xiphinema are the most diversified, prevalent, and cosmopolitan genera within plant-parasitic nematodes. The genus Longidorus comprise a group of species, some of which are vectors of plant viruses. New sampling for needle nematodes was carried out in a grapevine area in Thessaloniki, northern Greece, and one nematode species of Longidorus (L. leptocephalus) was recovered. Nematodes were extracted from soil samples by modified sieving and a decanting method. Extracted specimens were processed using glycerol, mounted on permanent slides, and subsequently identified morphologically. Nematode DNA was extracted from individual, live specimens, and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) assays were performed for D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS1 rRNA, and partial mitochondrial COI regions. Morphology and morphometric data obtained from this population were consistent with the original description and reported populations of L. leptocephalus. To our knowledge, this is the first report of L. leptocephalus in Greece and the second in the Mediterranean Basin after the record of the species from Slovenia, extending the geographical distribution of this species in Europe.
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- 2022
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6. Discovery and Characterization of Four Aphelenchid Species from Cultivated Regions of Southern Alberta, Canada.
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Munawar, Maria, Castillo, Pablo, and Yevtushenko, Dmytro P.
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AGRICULTURE ,SOIL biodiversity ,SOIL conservation ,SPECIES ,BEAKS ,NEMATODES ,OIL sands - Abstract
The nematode family Aphelenchoididiae is considered fungal-feeding, predatory, or root hair feeders. Some members of this family are universally present in agricultural landscapes and are an integral part of soil health and conservation studies. In the present soil nematode biodiversity survey, we detected four species of the genera Aphelenchus, Aphelenchoides, and Robustodorus. Because fungal-feeding nematodes from southern Alberta have not previously been reported, we conducted a detailed morphological and molecular investigation, identifying these species as Aphelenchus avenae, Aphelenchoides limberi, Aphelenchoides prairiensis n. sp. and Robustodorus paramegadorus n. sp. The first two species we document as new records from southern Alberta, whereas A. prairiensis n. sp. and R. paramegadorus n. sp. we describe in detail as new taxa. Briefly, A. prairiensis n. sp. is an amphimictic species having 4 lateral lines; hemispherical anteriorly flattened lip region; delicate stylet and swelling-like stylet knobs; excretory pore at the posterior edge of nerve ring. Female tail conical, gradually tapering towards a truncated end with single mucro. Spicule 23.0 (20.0–25.0) µm long having elongated rounded condylus, small, blunt conical rostrum, and lamina that gradually tapers towards the rounded distal end; three pairs of caudal papillae were present on the male tail. Robustodorus paramegadorus n. sp., is a parthenogenetic species with 3 lines in the lateral fields; lip region rounded, anteriorly flattened; stylet robust, with knobs rounded to bean-shaped; excretory pore located posterior to nerve ring; reproductive components were quite indiscernible with a short 24.0 (18.0–27.0) µm post-vulval uterine sac; tail conical, ending with pointed to wedge-shaped tip. We performed molecular characterizations for each species and constructed phylogenetic trees to study the phylogenetic relationship of these aphelenchid species. The discovery of A. prairiensis n. sp. and R. paramegadorus n. sp. indicates that soil nematode diversity is relatively unexplored in southern Alberta. The findings of this study will significantly enhance the identification processes and may contribute towards future soil health and biodiversity efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. New alien and native Ektaphelenchid nematodes (Tylenchomorpha: Ektaphelenchinae) from China with details on host association and geographical distribution
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Gu, Jianfeng, Munawar, Maria, Palomares-Rius, Juan Emilio, and Castillo, Pablo
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- 2021
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8. First report of Xiphinema ifacolum Luc, 1961 (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae) from Nigeria
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Bello Tesleem T., Fabiyi Oluwatoyin A., Clavero-Camacho Ilenia, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete Carolina, Palomares-Rius Juan E., Castillo Pablo, and Archidona-Yuste Antonio
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africa ,cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 ,d2-d3 expansion segments of 28s rrna gene ,dagger nematodes ,taxonomy ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
A population of a species of dagger nematode (Xiphinema) belonging to the non-americanum group was recovered from the fields of kola nut (Cola sp.) in southern Nigeria. The morphological and morphometric data obtained from this population were consistent with the characteristics of the species Xiphinema ifacolum. In addition, molecular identification based on D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and partial mitochondrial COI gene regions confirmed its identity. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of the species from Nigeria, and the second report from Africa, after the original description from Foulaya, Guinea.
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- 2022
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9. Redescription of Xiphinema artemisiae Chizhov, Tiev & Turkina, 1986 (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae): new occurrence in Iran.
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Fekrat, Farnaz, Ghaderi, Reza, Pourjam, Ebrahim, Castillo, Pablo, and Pedram, Majid
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IRANIANS ,RHIZOSPHERE ,UTERUS ,RECOMBINANT DNA - Abstract
Summary: A population of Xiphinema artemisiae was recovered from Iran, representing the first report after its original description from a meadow pasture in northern Caucasus, Russia. The Iranian population was recovered from the rhizosphere of grasses in the Damavand region, Tehran province. The females of the recovered populations are characterised by a lip region separated from the rest of body by a depression, a 5.1-5.6 mm long body, a 129-138 μ m long odontostyle, 76-85 μ m long odontophore, a uterus having a pseudo-Z-organ and crystalloid bodies observed in some specimens, and a short, rounded, dorsally more convex tail with a subcentral mucron, four juvenile developmental stages (the first stage was not recovered) and functional males. The Iranian population is morphologically and morphometrically similar to the type population and minor morphological differences can be attributed to geographical interpopulation differences. Molecular phylogenetic relationships of the Iranian population of X. artemisiae with other species were reconstructed using sequences of three genomic ribosomal markers, viz. small, large subunit D2-D3 and internal transcribed spacer (SSU, LSU D2-D3 and ITS) rDNA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. An integrative taxonomic study of the needle nematode complex Longidorus goodeyi Hooper, 1961 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) with description of a new species.
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Cai, Ruihang, Prior, Tom, Lawson, Bex, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Palomares-Rius, Juan E., Castillo, Pablo, and Archidona-Yuste, Antonio
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- 2020
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11. Occurrence of Xiphinema santos Lamberti, Lemos, Agostinelli & D’Addabo 1993 (Nematoda: Longidoridae), a X. americanum-group member in Iran
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Jahanshahi Afshar, Farahnaz, Shahryari, Fatemeh, Mokhtassi-Bidgoli, Ali, Castillo, Pablo, Mirzaie Fouladvand, Zeinab, and Pedram, Majid
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- 2020
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12. Species diversity of ring nematodes of the genus Criconemoides (Nematoda: Criconematidae) based on three new species from China, using integrative taxonomy
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Maria, Munawar, Miao, Wentao, Cai, Ruihang, Tian, Zhongling, Castillo, Pablo, and Zheng, Jingwu
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- 2020
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13. A new pin nematode, Paratylenchus sinensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Paratylenchinae) in the rhizosphere of white mulberry from Zhejiang Province, China
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Maria, Munawar, Miao, Wentao, Castillo, Pablo, and Zheng, Jingwu
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- 2020
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14. Integrative descriptions and molecular phylogeny of two new needle nematodes of the genus Longidorus (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Spain
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Cai, Ruihang, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Palomares-Rius, Juan E., and Castillo, Pablo
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- 2020
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15. Description and molecular phylogeny of Ditylenchus gilanicus n. sp. (Nematoda: Anguinidae) from northern forests of Iran
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Yaghoubi, Ali, Pourjam, Ebrahim, Ye, Weimin, Castillo, Pablo, and Pedram, Majid
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- 2018
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16. Description and molecular phylogeny of one new and one known needle nematode of the genus Paralongidorus (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from grapevine in Portugal using integrative approach
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Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Carlos, Mota, Manuel, Castillo, Pablo, Santos, Margarida Teixeira, and Palomares-Rius, Juan E.
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- 2018
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17. Molecular and morphological characterization of the spiral nematode Helicotylenchus oleae Inserra, Vovlas & Golden, 1979 (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) in the Mediterranean Basin
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Palomares-Rius, Juan E., Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Vovlas, Nicola, Tzortzakakis, Emmanuel A., and Castillo, Pablo
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- 2018
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18. A new dagger nematode, Xiphinema tica n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae), from Costa Rica with updating of the polytomous key of Loof and Luc (1990)
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Peraza-Padilla, Walter, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Zamora-Araya, Tatiana, Palomares-Rius, Juan E., Castillo, Pablo, and Archidona-Yuste, Antonio
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- 2018
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19. Description of two new Cryptaphelenchus species from China and Japan.
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Gu, Jianfeng, Ma, Xinxin, Castillo, Pablo, and Munawar, Maria
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MOLECULAR recognition ,SPECIES ,WOOD ,VULVA ,SUPPURATION - Abstract
Summary: The study aims to provide the morphological and molecular characterisation of two newly discovered Cryptaphelenchus species, namely: C. curvatum n. sp. and C. tumidus n. sp. Morphologically both species are minute nematodes, possess medium-sized stylets with basal knobs laterally directed, and short post-uterine sacs (PUS). Cryptaphelenchus curvatum n. sp. was detected from the local Pinus branch samples and is characterised by having an equal proportion of adult males and females, medium-sized body lengths of females 353 (320-388) μ m and males 277 (256-293) μ m, lateral fields with four lateral lines, 8-10 μ m long stylet, PUS about one vulva body width long and conical posterior body end with a blunt pointed tip. Cryptaphelenchus tumidus n. sp. was detected in a packaging wood sample from Japan and is characterised by having rare male, short body lengths of females 236 (217-270) μ m and males 180 μ m, obscure lateral fields, stylet 6.8 (6.0-7.5) μ m, PUS about half vulva body width long and a slim conical posterior body end with a finely rounded tip. The phylogenetic trees were also constructed based on rRNA gene sequences (D2-D3 segments of the 28S, ITS and 18S) and discussed in detail. Since Cryptaphelenchus species offer multitrophic relationships among their insect vectors and associated microbiota, species recognition and molecular studies of recovered populations will facilitate researchers to determine whether these species might play any ecological roles in insect bionomics or the residing host tree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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20. Prevalence and molecular diversity of reniform nematodes of the genus Rotylenchulus (Nematoda: Rotylenchulinae) in the Mediterranean Basin
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Palomares-Rius, Juan E., Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Tzortzakakis, Emmanuel A., Birmpilis, Ioannis G., Vovlas, Nicola, Subbotin, Sergei A., and Castillo, Pablo
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- 2017
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21. Molecular characterization of pseudomonodelphic dagger nematodes of the genus Xiphinema Cobb, 1913 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) in Costa Rica, with notes on Xiphinema setariae Tarjan, 1964
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Peraza-Padilla, Walter, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Ferris, Howard, Zamora-Araya, Tatiana, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Palomares-Rius, Juan E., Subbotin, Sergei A., and Castillo, Pablo
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- 2017
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22. Molecular characterization and distribution of the needle nematode Longidorus laevicapitatus Williams, 1959 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) in Costa Rica
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Peraza-Padilla, Walter, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Zamora-Araya, Tatiana, Palomares-Rius, Juan E., and Castillo, Pablo
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- 2017
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23. A new needle nematode, Longidorus persicus n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae), from Kermanshah province, western Iran
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Esmaeili, Mehrab, Heydari, Ramin, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Castillo, Pablo, and Palomares-rius, Juan E.
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- 2017
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24. Root-lesion nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) from Costa Rica with molecular identification of P. gutierrezi and P. panamaensis topotypes
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Araya, Tatiana Zamora, Padilla, Walter Peraza, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Liébanas, Gracia, Palomares-Rius, Juan E., and Castillo, Pablo
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- 2016
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25. New Records of Ditylenchus Species from Southern Alberta, Canada.
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Munawar, Maria, Rahman, Atta Ur, Castillo, Pablo, and Yevtushenko, Dmytro P.
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AGRICULTURAL climatology ,CROP yields ,SPECIES ,IDENTIFICATION ,FEEDLOTS ,NEMATODES - Abstract
The presence of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) in cultivated areas is a limiting factor in achieving marketable crop yield. To control and alleviate the effects of these nematodes and determine appropriate management strategies, species-level identification is crucial. Therefore, we conducted a nematode diversity survey, which resulted in the detection of four Ditylenchus species in cultivated areas of southern Alberta, Canada. The recovered species had six lines in the lateral field, delicate stylets (>10 µm long), distinct postvulval uterine sacs, and pointed to rounded tail tips. The morphological and molecular characterization of these nematodes revealed their identity as D. anchilisposomus, D. clarus, D. tenuidens and D. valveus, all of which are members of the D. triformis group. All of the identified species were found to be new records in Canada except for D. valveus. Accurate Ditylenchus species identification is crucial because false-positive identification can result in the implementation of quarantine measures over the detected area. Our current study not only documented the presence of Ditylenchus species from southern Alberta, but also described their morpho-molecular characteristics and subsequent phylogenetic relationships with related species. The results of our study will aid in the decision on whether these species should become a part of nematode management programs since nontarget species can become pests due to changes in cropping patterns or climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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26. Geocenamus persici Zhang & Munawar & Castillo & Han & Zheng 2022, n. sp
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Zhang, Chenying, Munawar, Maria, Castillo, Pablo, Han, Shaojie, and Zheng, Jingwu
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Tylenchida ,Nematoda ,Geocenamus ,Animalia ,Geocenamus persici ,Belonolaimidae ,Biodiversity ,Taxonomy ,Secernentea - Abstract
Description of Geocenamus persici n. sp. (Fig. 1���4) Measurement. See Table 1. Female. Body ventrally arcuate or C-shape after heat relaxation. Lateral field with six incisures, outer bands sometimes irregularly areolated. Under SEM, Body annuli are clearly defined and divided into blocks. Labial region dome-shaped, slightly offset with the body contour and bearing five annuli. The en face view showed a nearly hexagonal labial disc surrounded by the dorsal, ventral sectors, and amphidial apertures. Cephalic framework weak, not refractive. Stylet well-developed and robust with rounded knobs. Dorsal pharyngeal gland orifice located close to stylet base ca 1.9���2.0 ��m. Deirids lacking. Median bulb ovate with bean-shaped valve plates. Isthmus slender encircled with nerve ring. Pharyngeal basal bulb saccate, abutting intestine. Excretory pore located in the anterior region of basal pharyngeal bulb. Hemizonid 2���3 annuli long and 0���3 annuli anterior to excretory pore. Reproductive system didelphic with the ovaries outstretched having single row of oocytes. Vulva lips simple, not protuberant; epiptygma minute, double, sunken in vulval cavity under light microscope, clearly visible under SEM observation; vaginal wall thickened at anterior end. Spermatheca bilobed, spherical, offset, filled with rounded sperm cells. Tail long, cylindrical, gradually tapers to rounded, striated terminus. Anus slit like, indistinct, phasmids located in anterior one-third region of tail, ca 12% to 38% posterior to anus. Male. Common and are similar to females except for the sexual dimorphism. Gonad located on the right side of the intestine and outstretched. Body length and width observed to be shorter than the females. Reproductive system composed of anteriorly outstretched single testis. Spicule curved, 24���30 ��m long. Gubernaculum saucer shaped. Bursa encircle the entire tail. Phasmid located 20 to 40% posterior to cloaca. Type host and locality. The type specimens were extracted from the rhizosphere of the peach tree (Prunus persica L.), Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, on April 25 th, 2021. The geographical position of the sampling site is 11955'51" E; 3048'46" N. Etymology. The species was found in association with the peach tree (Prunus persica), hence the specific epithet is derived from the scientific name of the host. Type-material. Holotype female, 15 females, and 15 male paratypes (slide number ZJU-33-01-ZJU-33-08) were deposited in the nematode collection of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Five female and five male paratypes (slide number HZ-01-HZ-04) were deposited at the USDA nematode collection, Beltsville, Maryland, USA. The new species binomial has been registered in the ZooBank database (zoobank.org) under the identifier: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 653A67A4-92E5-4CA8-BCC0-9AC5D4DFC6C3. Diagnosis and relationships. Geocenamus persici n. sp. can be characterized by females having annulated cuticle with 30���36 longitudinal striae. The lip region dome-shaped and slightly offset from the rest of the body contour. The stylet is slender, 19���22 ��m long with rounded knobs; the excretory pore is located at the anterior region of the basal pharyngeal bulb; the vulva is a transverse slit, epiptygma present; the tail is finely annulated and cylindrical having a rounded terminus; male is similar in appearance to that of female; spicule curved 24���31 ��m long, gubernaculum is saucer-shaped; bursa encircles the entire tail. Based on the similar morphology of longitudinal striae and stylet length, Geocenamus persici n. sp. is compared with G. brevicaudatus, G. chengi, G. conicaudatus Ghaderi & Karegar, 2016, G. quadrifer (Andr��ssy, 1954) Brzeski, 1991, G. rugosus (Siddiqi, 1963) Brzeski, 1991, and G. tartuensis (Krall, 1959) Brzeski, 1991. From G. brevicaudatus, it can be differentiated by the shape of lip region (dome-shaped vs hemispherical), fewer lip annuli (5 vs 5���6), shorter stylet of female (20 (19���21) vs 22���25 ��m), longer female tail (65 (54���78) vs 25���43 ��m), more tail annuli (30���45 vs 14���20), higher c��� value (3.6 (3.1���4.7) vs 1.3���2.1), and the position of phasmids (anterior vs middle of tail). From G. chengi, it can be differentiated by fewer lip annuli (5 vs 5���6), shorter stylet of female (20 (19���21) vs 20���23 ��m), the shape of female tail (cylindrical with broadly rounded terminus vs conical, ending as bluntly pointed terminus), and shorter tail length (65 (54���78) vs 76���92 ��m), shorter hyaline terminal region of the female tail (4���5.5 vs 16���21 ��m), lower c��� value (3.6 (3.1���4.7) vs 4.6 (4.2���5.5)) and longer spicule (24���32 vs 22���25 ��m). From G. conicaudatus, it can be differentiated by the shape of lip region (dome-shaped vs hemispherical), fewer lip annuli (5 vs 5���6), longer stylet of female (20 (19���21) vs 16.5���19.8 ��m), the shape of female tail (cylindrical with broadly rounded terminus vs conical), longer female tail (65 (54���78) vs 39���65 ��m), more tail annuli (30���45 vs 20���30), higher c��� value (3.6 (3.1���4.7) vs 2.6���3.3) and tail annulated (vs non-annulated). From G. quadrifer, it can be differentiated by the shape of lip region (dome-shaped vs variable), deirids absent (vs present), shorter pharynx length (130 (115���151) vs 126���183 ��m), longer female tail (65 (54���78) vs 32���49 ��m), more tail annuli (30���45 vs 17���27), higher c��� value (3.6 (3.1���4.7) vs 1.6���2.7), tail annulated (vs non-annulated), and the position of phasmids (anterior vs middle of tail). From G. rugosus, it can be differentiated by longer female body (940 (807���1103) vs 640���930 ��m), the shape of lip region (dome-shaped vs variable), fewer lip annuli (5 vs 5���8), shorter stylet of the female (20 (19���21) vs 20���25 ��m), shorter pharynx length (130 (115���151) vs 151���178 ��m), longer female tail (65 (54���78) vs 43���60 ��m), more tail annuli (30���45 vs 19���37), higher c��� value (3.1���4.7 vs 2.2���4.0), and tail annulated (vs non-annulated). From G. tartuensis, it can be differentiated by the labial framework (non-refractive vs refractive), fewer lip annuli (5 vs 5���6), female stylet (20 (19���21) vs 18���24 ��m), shorter pharynx length (130 (115���151) vs 138���182 ��m), more tail annuli (35���45 vs 22���33), higher c��� value (3.0���4.7 vs 2.1���3.5), tail annulated (vs non-annulated), and abundant males (vs male rare). Molecular characterization and phylogenetic relationship. Geocenamus persici n. sp. was molecularly characterized using partial 18S rRNA, D2-D3 region of 28S rRNA, and ITS sequences. The newly obtained sequences were deposited in GenBank with the accessions numbers OL481778 ��� OL481779 for 18S, OL48174��� OL481777 for 28S, and OL481780 ��� OL481785 for ITS. All the 18S and 28S sequences of the Geocenamus persici n. sp. are identical respectively, whereas the ITS sequences showed slight intraspecific variation, i.e. 99 % similarity (0���1 bp difference). The 18S tree (Fig. 5) was constructed from 46 Merliniinae taxa with Tylenchorhynchus zeae Sethi & Swarup, 1968 (KJ461619) and Tylenchorhynchus microphasmis Loof, 1960 (AY593903) as outgroup species. Geocenamus persici n. sp. clustered with G. chengi (MN983268 ��� MN983270) and G. quadrifer (AY993977, AY284599), whereas the other members of subfamily Merliniinae arranged in separate clades with relatively independent interspecific relationships. The alignment of D2-D3 region of 28S rDNA sequences contained 51 sequences including the sequences from outgroup taxa Coslenchus costatus (de Man) Siddiqi, 1978, Tylenchorhynchus ventrosignatus Tobar-Jimnez, 1969 (MT089940) and Tylenchorhynchus mediterraneus Handoo, Palomares-Rius, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liebanas, Subbotin & Castillo, 2014 (KU517198) (Fig. 6). In this tree, the new species grouped with G. chengi (MN983258 ��� MN983260) and G. vietnamensis Nguyen, Linh-Le, Nguyen, Liebanas, Duong-Nguyen & Trinh, 2019 (MH191361) forming a well-supported molecular clade. In the ITS tree (Fig. 7), this new species clade occupies basal position and exhibits a sister relationship with G. chengi (MN983263 ��� MN983264, MN983267) and G. vietnamensis (MH191362). In all the trees, Geocenamus persici n. sp. appeared as a unique species and showed a sister relationship with G. chengi but with significant morphological differences. The sequence identities of the new species with G. chengi are 98% (34 nucleotides, 16 indels differences) for 18S, 98% (12 nucleotides, 2 indels differences) for 28S, and 95% for ITS (32 nucleotides, 5 indels differences)., Published as part of Zhang, Chenying, Munawar, Maria, Castillo, Pablo, Han, Shaojie & Zheng, Jingwu, 2022, Morphological and molecular characterization of Geocenamus persici n. sp. (Nematoda: Merliniinae) from China, pp. 585-599 in Zootaxa 5100 (4) on pages 587-594, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5100.4.8, http://zenodo.org/record/6225118, {"references":["Ghaderi, R. & Karegar, A. (2016) One new and three known species of Geocenamus Thorne & Malek, 1968 (Nematoda: Merliniidae) from Iran. Zootaxa, 4079 (2), 151 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4079.2.1","Andrassy, I. (1954) Drei neue Arten aus der Superfamilies Tylenchoidea. Nematologische Notizen 3. Annales Biologicae Universitatum Hungariae, 2, 9 - 15.","Brzeski, M. W. (1991) Taxonomy of Geocenamus Thorne & Malek, 1968 (Nemata: Belonolaimida). Nematologica, 37, 125 - 173. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187529291 X 00169","Siddiqi, M. R. (1963) Four new species in the subfamily Tylenchinae (Nematoda) from north India. Zeitscrift fur Parasitenkunde, 23, 397 - 404. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00331239","Krall, E. L. (1959) New and rare nematodes (Nematoda, Tylenchida) with description of hermaphroditism in the genus Aphelenchoides. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Estonia, SSR, 8, 190 - 197.","Sethi, C. L. & Swarup, G. (1968) Plant Parasitic Nematodes of Northwestern India. I. The genus Tylenchorhynchus. Nematologica, 14, 77 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187529268 X 00660","Loof, P. A. A. (1960) Miscellaneous notes on the genus Tylenchorhynchus (Tylenchinae: Nematoda). Nematologica, 4, 294 - 306. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187529259 X 00507","Siddiqi, M. R. (1978) The unusual position of the phasmids in Coslenchus costatus (de man, 1921) gen. n. comb. n. and other Tylenchidae (Nematoda: Tylenchida). Nematologica, 24, 449 - 455. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187529278 X 00597","Nguyen, H. T., Linh-Le, T. M., Nguyen, T. H., Liebanas, G., Duong-Nguyen, T. A. & Trinh, Q. P. (2019) Description of Geocenamus vietnamensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Merliniidae) from Vietnam. Journal of Nematology, 51, (e 2019 - 25), 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.21307 / jofnem- 2019 - 025"]}
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- 2022
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27. First Report of Xiphinema Ifacolum Luc, 1961 (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae) from Nigeria
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Bello, Tesleem T., Fabiyi, Oluwatoyin A., Clavero-Camacho, Ilenia, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, C., Palomares-Rius, Juan E., Castillo, Pablo, and Archidona-Yuste, Antonio
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Cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 ,D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene ,Dagger nematodes ,Africa ,Taxonomy - Abstract
A population of a species of dagger nematode (Xiphinema) belonging to the non-americanum group was recovered from the fields of kola nut (Cola sp.) in southern Nigeria. The morphological and morphometric data obtained from this population were consistent with the characteristics of the species Xiphinema ifacolum. In addition, molecular identification based on D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and partial mitochondrial COI gene regions confirmed its identity. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of the species from Nigeria, and the second report from Africa, after the original description from Foulaya, Guinea.
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- 2022
28. Rotylenchus cretensis n. sp. and R. cypriensis Antoniou 1980 (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) recovered from the rhizosphere of olive at Crete (Greece) with a molecular phylogeny of the genus
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Tzortzakakis, Emmanuel A., Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Liébanas, Gracia, Birmpilis, Ioannis G., Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Navas-Cortés, Juan A., Castillo, Pablo, and Palomares-Rius, Juan E.
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- 2016
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29. Description of a new needle nematode, Longidorus asiaticus n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae), from the rhizosphere of crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica) bonsai trees imported into Italy from China
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Trisciuzzi, Nicola, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Troccoli, Alberto, Fanelli, Elena, De Luca, Francesca, Vovlas, Nicola, and Castillo, Pablo
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- 2015
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30. Morphological and molecular characterisation of a new cryptic species of Criconemoides informis group, C. neoinformis n. sp., and C. persicus n. sp., with notes on C. avicenniae.
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Hosseinvand, Manouchehr, Eskandari, Ali, Palomares-Rius, Juan E., Castillo, Pablo, Abolafia, Joaquín, and Ghaderi, Reza
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BIOLOGICAL classification ,SPECIES ,CYTOCHROME oxidase ,INSECT anatomy - Abstract
Summary: Criconemoides neoinformis n. sp., a cryptic species of C. informis group, and C. persicus n. sp. were recovered from the rhizosphere of pear and grass, in Zanjan and West Azerbaijan provinces, northwestern Iran, respectively. Criconemoides neoinformis n. sp. is characterised by 522-585 μ m long females, having four separated pseudolips, anteriorly flattened lip region comprised of two annuli, 57-63 retrorse body annuli with smooth to slightly crenate margins, without anastomoses, 86.9-90.4 μ m long stylet, having 6-10 annuli from vulva to posterior end and tail conical rounded with two, three or multilobed terminus and presence of males. Criconemoides persicus n. sp. could be characterised by flatly rounded lip region, having fused rectangular pseudolips, 515-615 μ m body length, stylet 60-65 μ m, body annuli 120-132 with smooth to slightly crenate margins, without anastomoses, 9-12 annuli from vulva to posterior end and tail conical rounded with two trilobed terminus. In inferred phylogenies, these two new species clustered with known Criconemoides species in 18S, 28S, ITS and COI trees. These species are clearly separated molecularly by all the studied markers. The use of molecular markers, mainly D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS region and COI , are very promising in the case of cryptic species found in this group of nematodes. We provided molecular markers (two sequences per marker) for these new species with morphological/morphometrical data using an integrative taxonomy approach for the unequivocal identification of these species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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31. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Pratylenchus oleae n. sp. (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) parasitizing wild and cultivated olives in Spain and Tunisia
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Palomares-Rius, Juan E., Guesmi, Ilhem, Horrigue-Raouani, Najet, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Liébanas, Gracia, and Castillo, Pablo
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- 2014
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32. Integrative diagnosis and parasitic habits of Cryphodera brinkmani a non-cyst forming heteroderid nematode intercepted on Japanese white pine bonsai trees imported into Italy
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Vovlas, Nicola, Trisciuzzi, Nicola, Troccoli, Alberto, De Luca, Francesca, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, and Castillo, Pablo
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- 2013
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33. First Report of Three Tylenchidae Taxa from Southern Alberta, Canada.
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Munawar, Maria, Yevtushenko, Dmytro P., and Castillo, Pablo
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DITYLENCHUS ,PLANT classification ,PLANT morphology ,PLANT phylogeny - Abstract
Members of the family Tylenchidae are highly abundant in soil habitats, including agricultural settings, where they play key ecological roles. In the present study, we identified three Tylenchidae species, namely Basiria bhabi, Coslenchus acceptus, and Filenchus vulgaris, using integrative taxonomy. The detailed morphological and morphometric characteristics, distribution, and host associations of each species were also discussed. Phylogenetic analyses of these populations with other Tylenchidae nematodes indicated the presence of divergent lineages in Filenchus and Basiria, whereas Coslenchus appeared to be a monophyletic genus. Herein, we aim to grow awareness about this common but least studied group of nematodes. The species reported in this study are new records for Canada, revealing that the identified nematode diversity in our cultivated areas is relatively underrepresented. Our analyses also provided greater taxonomic resolution and captured rare taxa that might have been missed or misidentified in prior nematode inventory surveys. These findings will add to our understanding of the nematofauna of southern Alberta, thereby providing a more complete picture of existing nematode diversity present in the fields of this highly cultivated region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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34. Studies on Longidorus iberis (Escuer & Arias, 1997) n. comb. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Spain.
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Clavero-Camacho, Ilenia, Liébanas, Gracia, Escuer, Miguel, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Castillo, Pablo, and Palomares-Rius, Juan E.
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NEMATODES ,SCANNING electron microscopy ,CYTOCHROME oxidase - Abstract
Summary: Specimens of a thin longidorid species collected in Peñalba (Huesca), north-west Spain, were previously described as Paralongidorus iberis. However, we conclude, through scanning electron microscopy and molecular studies on a population from about 15 km from the type locality and on paratype specimens, that this species was originally placed in the wrong genus. Both populations have pore-like amphidial apertures, not slit-like as in Paralongidorus , and the species is therefore transferred to Longidorus. Longidorus iberis n. comb. is regarded as a valid species and is clearly different from closely related species such as L. tabernensis , L. iliturgiensis , L. alvegus and L. indalus in morphometrics and molecular markers. Molecular data are reported for the first time, including the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS1 rRNA, partial 18S rRNA and partial mitochondrial coxI regions. These molecular markers were used for inferring the phylogenetic relationships with other species within Longidorus and Paralongidorus , all clearly separating L. iberis n. comb. from other related taxa and placing the species in the Longidorus clade, rather than with Paralongidorus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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35. Hemicycliophora subbotini Maria & Cai & Qu & Castillo & Zheng 2018, n. sp
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Maria, Munawar, Cai, Ruihang, Qu, Nan, Castillo, Pablo, and Zheng, Jingwu
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Tylenchida ,Hemicycliophora ,Hemicycliophora subbotini ,Nematoda ,Animalia ,Biodiversity ,Hemicycliophoridae ,Taxonomy ,Secernentea - Abstract
Hemicycliophora subbotini n. sp. (See Figs. 1–5) Measurements. See Table 1. Description. Female. Body straight or slightly ventrally arcuate after heat relaxation. Cuticular sheath detached from inner cuticle at pharyngeal, vulval and tail regions. Annuli rounded with ornamentation appearing as few breaks, irregularities and anastomosis. Lip region conoid, not set off from body contour containing 2–3 annuli and with bulging oral disc, sometimes protruding beyond first annulus. Oral disc narrow ovate, convex anteriorly, amphidial apertures covered by lateral plates, lying in the same plane as oral disc when observed en face. Stylet long and flexible. Stylet knobs posteriorly slopping, concave shaped with slight cavity. Dorsal pharyngeal gland opening ca 4.0–5.0 µm posterior to stylet knob base. Pharyngeal lumen looped in median pharyngeal bulb having medium sized refractive valvular apparatus. Isthmus narrow, short, encircled by nerve ring. Basal pharyngeal bulb distinct. Excretory pore one or two annuli posterior to the base of pharynx. Hemizonid and hemizonion not seen. Vulva lips slightly modified with 1–2 annuli long vulval sleeve. Vagina straight extending less than half of body diam. Spermatheca rounded to oblong, scarcely filled with rounded sperm cells. Oviduct very short, ovary single, prodelphic. Oocytes arranged in single file except for a short region of multiplication near anterior end. Anus small, indistinct, located at 15th–22nd annuli posterior to vulva. Tail almost cylindrical anteriorly, tapering gradually to a distal finely conoid terminus or slightly offset spike with a narrowly rounded terminus. Tail annuli distinct until terminus except terminal annuli become irregular. Male. Not detected. Diagnosis. Hemicycliophora subbotini n. sp. is characterized by the combination of three unique characters, tail morphology (elongated, conoid or slightly offset spike with narrowly rounded terminus), long stylet 118 (108– 125) µm and posteriorly located vulva 91 (90–93). Additionally, a lip region conoid, not set off with bulging oral disc, sometimes protruding beyond the first annulus. Oral disc narrow ovate, convex anteriorly, amphidial apertures covered by lateral plates, lying in the same plane as oral disc when observed en face. The excretory pore is located 1–2 annuli posterior to the base of pharyngeal bulb. Reproductive system prodelphic, vulval lips slightly modified with a small vulval sleeve, spermatheca rounded to oblong. Anus located 18 (15–22) annuli posterior to vulva. Relationships. Chitambar & Subbotin (2014) presented a polytomous key to identify Hemicycliophora species. According to the polytomous key, new species is close to H. filicauda Doucet, 1982, H. metleri Jenkins & Reed, 1964, H. nucleata Loof, 1968, H. similis Thorne, 1955, H. vaccinii Reed & Jenkins, 1963 because new species share similar tail shape (elongate conoid, tapering gradually to a distal finely conoid terminus or slightly offset spike with a narrowly rounded terminus, and tail annuli are distinct until terminus except terminal annuli become irregular), cuticle ornamentation (consists of few breaks, irregularities and anastomosis) and general morphology (slightly ventrally arcuate, cuticle attached at lip region and the terminal end of body with spike-like projection) with these five species. However, together with above-mentioned characters, longer stylet length and posteriorly located vulva make this species unique among rest of Hemicycliophora species. It can be differentiated from H. filicauda by more body annuli, R= 275 (255–297) vs. 262 (246–274), longer stylet, 118 (108–125.) vs. 85 (80–90) µm, higher V, 91 (90–93) vs. 82.5 (82–83), higher number of annuli from anterior end to excretory pore, Rex, 60 (54–66) vs. 44 (43–460), lower Ran, 28 (24–25) vs. 59 (53–60), lower VL/VB, 2.5 (2.0–2.9) vs. 5.1 (4.7– 5.2) and shorter tail, 94 (76–111) vs. 142 (132–147) µm. From H. metleri, differs by the shape of lip region (conoid with narrow ovate oral disc vs. truncate with rectangular oral disc), slenderer body, a = 21.7 (18.9–23.7) vs. 28.3 (23–38), lower R, 275 (255–297) vs. 414 (385– 2455), shorter stylet, 118 (108–125) vs. 143 (122–158) µm, higher V, 91 (90–93) vs. 85 (83–87), and lower RVan, 15–22 vs. 24–36. From H. nucleata differs by shorter body length 1057 (896–1218) vs. 1450 (1240–1550) µm, lower R, 275 (255–297) vs. 347 (320–373), slenderer body, a = 21.7 (18.9–23.7) vs. 33 (30–38), lower c' =2.4 (2.1–3.1) vs. 4.4 (3.3–5.5), shorter stylet, 118 (108–125) vs. 138 (130–150) µm, higher V, 91 (90–93) vs. 82 (79–85), lower RV, 46 (42–53) vs. 83 (62–92), lower Ran, 28 (24–25) vs. 57 (48–64). From H. similis (after Subbotin et al., 2014) differs by longer stylet length, 118 (108–125) vs. 100.3 (91–108) µm, higher V, 91 (90–93) vs. 79.8 (78–81), lower RV, 46 (42–53) vs. 64.4 (57–70), lower Ran, 28 (24–25) vs. 42.8 (36–51), lower VL/VB, 2.5 (2.0–2.9) vs. 5.9 (4.8–7.6). From H. vaccinii differs by slenderer body, a = 21.7 (18.9–23.7) vs. 30.1 (25.6–35.3), longer stylet, 118 (108– 125) vs. 102 (95–112) µm, higher V, 91 (90–93) vs. 76.7 (74.7–80.4), lower c' =11.3 (10.4–12.6) vs. 15.6 (14.9– 16.7), lower RVan (15–22 vs. 30–35), longer tail (after Subbotin et al., 2014) 94 (76–111) vs. 116.5 (113–121) µm, lower R, 275 (255–297) vs. 304.5 (273–339), lower RV, 46 (42–53) vs. 73.3 (70–76), lower Ran, 28 (24–25) vs. 49.6 (46–52). Type host and locality. The type specimens were extracted from the rhizosphere of camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl), Hu-shan Garden, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China, on October 2, 2017. The geographical position of the sampling site is 120°11"60' E; 30°21"47' N. Etymology. The species is named in honor of Dr. Sergei A. Subbotin for his extraordinary contribution to our knowledge of nematode taxonomy and systematics. Type-material. Holotype female, 10 female paratypes (slide numbers ZJU-19-01-ZJU-19-06) deposited in the nematode collection, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Two female paratypes deposited in the Nematode collection in Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Córdoba, Spain. Two females (slide number T-6986p) at USDA nematode collection, Beltsville, MD, USA. Polytomous key code. According to the polytomous key of Chitambar and Subbotin (2014), the new species has the following specific alphanumeric codes: A4, B2, C1, D21, E2, F12, G3, H3, I2, J2, K4, L3, M2, N2, O2, P1, Q3, R6, S2, T2, U2, V2, W1, X1. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic relationships. The sequenced fragments of D2–D3 of 28S rRNA, ITS, and the partial 18S rRNA were ca 729–732 bp, 797–799 bp, and 1795–1798 bp, respectively. Sequences from H. subbotini n. sp. matched well with the Hemicycliophora spp. sequences deposited in GenBank all of them is clearly different. Three new D2–D3 of 28S rRNA gene sequences of H. subbotini n. sp. (MG701275 - MG701277) were obtained in the present study showing 99% similarity among them (1–2 bp, 1–2 indels). These sequences showed a 92–93% identity (differed in 43–53 bp) with several Hemicycliophora spp. such as H. epicharoides (KF430512, KF430513), Hemicycliophora sp. 13 (KF430507), Hemicycliophora sp. 9 (KF430511, AY780973, KF430515), H. signata (MG019824), Hemicycliophora sp. 2 (KF430516, KF430517), and H. obtusa (KF430521). Three new ITS sequences of H. subbotini n. sp. (MG701272 - MG701274) were obtained in the present study (identical among them), showing 87–88% identity (79–87 bp) with H. californica (KF430576) and H. raskii (KF430577). Three near-full-length 18S rRNA sequences of H. subbotini n. sp. (MG701278 - MG701278) (identical among them), showed a high similarity with other three Hemicycliophora spp. being 97–98% similar (49–52 bp) to H. thienemanni (AY284629, AY284628, EU3066341) and H. thornei (KJ636437). Phylogenetic relationships among Hemicycliophora species inferred from analyses of D2–D3 expansion segments of 28S and ITS sequences using BI are given in Figures 4 and 5. The D2–D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA tree (Fig. 4), based on a multiple edited alignment of 80 sequences and 667 total characters, revealed nine major well-to low supported clades (PP = 1.00, PP ≤0.70, respectively), I, II, III, IV, Va, Vb, VI, VII, and VIII as numbered by Subbotin et al. (2014) and Van den Berg et al. (2018). Hemicycliophora subbotini n. sp. appeared as a separate basal clade within species of clade I, II, and III (Fig. 4). For ITS rRNA tree (Fig. 5), the 50% majority-rule BI tree from a multiple sequence alignment of 91 sequences and 723 characters also showed seven (I to VIb) major well to moderately supported clades (PP = 1.00, PP =0.87, respectively). Hemicycliophora subbotini n. sp., H. californica Brzeski 1974 and H. raskii Brzeski 1974 clustered together in a moderately supported clade Vb (PP = 0.93) (Fig. 5). No phylogenetic tree based on the nearfull 18S rRNA was carried out in this research since only three species for this gene have been sequenced.
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- 2018
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36. Systematic position of the genus Atetylenchus Khan, 1973 (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) with description of two new species.
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Hosseinvand, Manouchehr, Eskandari, Ali, Castillo, Pablo, Palomares-Rius, Juan E., and Ghaderi, Reza
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NEMATODES ,INSECT anatomy ,SPECIES ,VULVA ,RIBOSOMAL RNA ,TAILS ,MOLECULAR phylogeny - Abstract
Summary: Two new and one known species of Atetylenchus recovered from Dezful, Khuzestan Province, south-western Iran, are illustrated and described using morphological, morphometric and molecular data. Atetylenchus dezfuliensis n. sp. is characterised by medium-sized body 700-998 μ m long, stylet 10.0-11.5 μ m long, characteristic tail shape, first tapering regularly but then cylindrical to slightly clavate and 90-136 μ m long, phasmids located at one-third anterior part of tail and short spicules 18.7 μ m long. Atetylenchus longilabiatus n. sp. is characterised by small-sized body 593-720 μ m long, prominent lip region, stylet 9.5-12.5 μ m long, conical tail with hook-shaped terminus and 42-63 μ m long, phasmids located near mid-tail and short spicules 17.5 μ m long. Atetylenchus cf. graminus is characterised by small-sized body 643-787 μ m long, stylet 10.7-11.7 μ m long, vulva located at 51.7-55.1% of the body length, and conical tail with finely rounded end and 63-69 μ m long. Molecular data are provided for the characterisation of this genus from these two new and one known species using ribosomal genes (18S and 28S rRNA). This genus is molecularly separated from Psilenchus , but closely related in both genes. These molecular markers showed different phylogenies for both genera; partial 18S showed their relationship with Tylenchidae, while 28S rRNA showed their relationship with Merliniidae. A key to the genus is provided for species identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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37. Sigmolenchus sinuosus n. gen., n. sp. (Tylenchidae: Ecphyadophorinae), a new member of the family.
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Gharahkhani, Azadeh, Pourjam, Ebrahim, Abolafia, Joaquín, Castillo, Pablo, and Pedram, Majid
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RIBOSOMAL DNA ,CYTOCHROME oxidase ,MARINE sediments ,MANGROVE forests ,NUCLEOTIDE sequence ,MITOCHONDRIAL DNA - Abstract
Summary: Sigmolenchus n. gen., is proposed as a new member of the Tylenchidae. The new genus is proposed based upon light and scanning electron microscopic (LM and SEM) observations and phylogenetic analyses based upon small, large and internal transcribed spacer sequences of ribosomal DNA (SSU, LSU D2-D3, ITS rDNA) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COI mtDNA) sequences. It is characterised partly by its slender body, but mainly by having a dorso-ventrally flattened, smooth and elevated cephalic region, unique elongate sinuous amphidial openings, each appearing as a wavy slit with three peaks, originating from the vicinity of the labial plate, extending posteriorly and reaching and passing the first body annulus, and a spacious amphidial fovea. It has an anteriorly rounded outline under LM, knobbed stylet, its conus comprising about one-third of the total length, lateral field with a single band, metacorpus with a distinct valve, vulva with small lateral flaps, and males common with tylenchoidiform spicules. The new genus is morphologically compared with seven tylenchid genera, viz., Chilenchus , Ecphyadophoroides , Filenchus , Labrys , Lelenchus , Sakia , and Tenunemellus , mainly by having small slender body and dorso-ventrally flat cephalic region, and is placed under the subfamily Ecphyadophorinae because of its slender body, elevated smooth cephalic region, long amphidial openings and spacious amphidial fovea. It was recovered from marine muddy sediments taken 2 m deep in mangrove forests off southern Iran. Currently S. sinuosus n. gen., n. sp. is monotypic. In SSU phylogeny, the new genus formed an unsupported sister relationship with Filenchus discrepans , and in LSU phylogeny it occupied a placement inside a major clade including several Tylenchinae genera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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38. Cryptic diversity and species delimitation in the Xiphinema americanum-group complex (Nematoda: Longidoridae) as inferred from morphometrics and molecular markers
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Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Navas Cortés, Juan Antonio, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, C., Palomares Rius, Juan E., Castillo, Pablo, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, CSIC - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Junta de Andalucía, and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
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Nematoda ,Dorylaimida ,Animalia ,Adenophorea ,Biodiversity ,Longidoridae ,Taxonomy - Abstract
The Xiphinema americanum-group constitutes a complex of about 55 species of polyphagous plant-ectoparasitic nematodes with a worldwide distribution. This group of plant-parasitic nematodes is one of the most difficult dagger nematode species complexes for diagnosis because the morphology is very conservative and morphometric characters often overlap. We conducted nematode surveys in cultivated and wild olives in southern Spain from 2012 to 2014, from which we identified 16 nematode populations of the X. americanum-group, five of which were tentatively identified as belonging to three new species and are described herein as Xiphinema plesiopachtaicum sp. nov.,Xiphinema vallense sp. nov., and Xiphinema astaregiense sp. nov., and 11 populations belonging to nine known species: Xiphinema brevisicum, Xiphinema duriense, Xiphinema incertum, Xiphinema luci, Xiphinema madeirense, Xiphinema opisthohysterum, Xiphinema pachtaicum, Xiphinema parapachydermum, and Xiphinema rivesi. A phenetic study based on multivariate factor analyses was developed to compare some of these related species by using morphometric features. In the factor analysis the first four factors accounted for 73.1% of the total variance of the selected characters, identifying body length, body length/maximum body width (a), body length/pharyngeal length (b), body length/tail length (c), and tail length/body width at anus (c′) ratios, distance from anterior end to vulva as percentage of body length (V), stylet length, oral aperture-guiding ring distance, and lip region width as key morphometric characters to differentiate a restricted set of species within the X.pachtaicum-subgroup that includes X.plesiopachtaicum sp. nov. and X.vallense sp. nov. Multivariate analysis of variance using these specific characters allowed to differentiate species in the X.pachtaicum complex or groups of them using morphometric characters (body length, a, b, c, c′, V, stylet length, lip region width, oral aperture-guiding ring distance, female tail length, and hyaline region length). Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ribosomal DNA genes [D2-D3 expansion segments of large ribosomal subunit 28S, and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1)] and the protein-coding mitochondrial gene, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (coxI) were congruent, showing two main clades separating most of the species of X.americanum-subgroup ‘sensu stricto’ from the X.pachtaicum-subgroup. Agreement between phylogenetic trees and some morphological characters (viz. total stylet length, vulva position, and a ratio) were tested by reconstruction of their histories on rRNA-based trees using parsimony and Bayesian approaches. Thus, integrative taxonomy, based on a combination of multivariate morphological and molecular analyses constitutes a new insight into the identification of X.americanum-group species., This research is part of the PhD project of the first author and was supported by grant AGL2012-37521 from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain, grant 219262 ArimNET_ERANET FP7 2012-2015 Project PESTOLIVE ‘Contribution of olive history for the management of soilborne parasites in the Mediterranean basin’ from Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), grants P12-AGR 1486 and AGR-136 from Consejería de Economía, Innvovación y Ciencia of the Junta de Andalucía, and Union Europea, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo regional, ‘Una manera de hacer Europa’. A. J. Archidona-Yuste is a recipient of research contract BES-2013-063495 from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain. The authors thank J. Martín Barbarroja and G. León Ropero from IAS-CSIC for the excellent technical assistance.
- Published
- 2016
39. Genetic diversity, and description of a new dagger nematode, Xiphinema afratakhtehnsis sp. nov., (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae) in natural forests of southeastern Gorgan, northern Iran.
- Author
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Fouladvand, Zeinab Mirzaie, Pourjam, Ebrahim, Castillo, Pablo, and Pedram, Majid
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CYTOCHROME oxidase ,CHLOROPLAST DNA ,INSECT anatomy ,GENITALIA ,RIBOSOMAL RNA ,MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ,SOIL sampling - Abstract
The most prevalent dagger nematode recovered from rhizospheric soil samples of forest trees in the Afrātakhteh region of Golestan province (Iran) was Xiphinema afratakhtehnsis sp. nov. and it is described and illustrated with integrative approaches using both morphological and molecular criteria. It belongs to the morphospecies group 6 of the intragenic historical grouping of Xiphinema non-americanum species. The new species is characterized by females with 3.3–4.9 mm sized body, lip region separated from the rest of body by a depression, anteriorly expanded, 16–18 μm wide, vulva located at 47.2–58.5%, odontostyle 155–173 μm and odontophore 89–107 μm long, female genital system composed of two equally developed branches, the tubular part of each having spines, short symmetrically rounded female tail to symmetrically rounded with a small mucro-like projection at the end in a few females, rare males (n = 1 out of 74 females) with 83 μm long dorylaimoid spicules and four juvenile developmental stages. The third-stage juveniles (J3) have a characteristic tail shape (short, symmetrically conical with a club-shaped long mucro) demarcating the species, and being typologically useful for its separation from closely similar species (except X. cohni, with currently no data on its juvenile stages) viz. X. adenohystherum, X. iranicum, X. mazandaranense, X. nuragicum, X. pyrenaicum, X. robbinsi, X. sphaerocephalum and X. zagrosense. Molecular phylogenetic studies using genomic (partial large subunit and internal transcribed spacer 1 ribosomal RNA genes: D2-D3 and ITS1 rDNA) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI mtDNA) revealed the new species forming a unique lineage in all reconstructed trees using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. The sequenced isolates of the new species formed a monophyletic group in the D2-D3 tree. The sequenced isolates of the new species for their COI mtDNA formed four subclades in COI mtDNA phylogeny, and four haplotypes in corresponding analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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40. Characterisation of two Chinese native Hemicriconemoides species (Nematoda: Criconematidae) with updated descriptions of H. chitwoodi Esser, 1960 and Criconemoides myungsugae Choi & Geraert, 1975.
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Maria, Munawar, Cai, Ruihang, Castillo, Pablo, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, and Zheng, Jingwu
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CRICONEMATIDAE ,RHIZOSPHERE ,WOODY plants ,SCANNING electron microscopy ,PHYLOGENY - Abstract
Summary: Populations of Hemicriconemoides chitwoodi , H. fujianensis , H. parasinensis , and Criconemoides myungsugae isolated in China from the rhizosphere soil of woody perennials were characterised molecularly, important morphological details being elucidated by SEM observations. The morphometric data of the Chinese populations were compared with all previously reported populations. The SEM observations of en face views indicated that H. chitwoodi and H. parasinensis have lip patterns belonging to type 1 and phylogenetically both species clustered with other Hemicriconemoides species that showed the same kind of lip pattern. On the other hand, H. fujianensis showed a lip pattern belonging to type 2 and phylogenetically appears basal to the above-mentioned clade. SEM observation of C. myungsugae showed that the first lip annulus forms a non-projecting uninterrupted disc and the labial annulus is a rectangular shape with slight dorsal and ventral indentations. Phylogenetic relationships among Criconemoides spp. are apparently not well resolved. The present study provides updated morphological descriptions, molecular diagnostics and phylogenetic relationships of H. chitwoodi , H. fujianensis , H. parasinensis , and C. myungsugae , the last species being the first report from China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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41. Integrative taxonomy of Xiphinema histriae and Xiphinema lapidosum from Spain.
- Author
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Ruihang Cai, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Palomares-Rius, Juan E., Jingwu Zheng, and Castillo, Pablo
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TAXONOMY ,MORPHOLOGY ,NEMATODES ,SPECIES ,ECOSYSTEMS ,MORPHOMETRICS ,SOUTHERN root-knot nematode - Abstract
Three populations of Xiphinema non- americanum group species were detected in agricultural and natural ecosystems, during routine surveys for plant-parasitic nematodes in Spain. Based on morphological and molecular analyses, the species were identified as Xiphinema histriae and Xiphinema lapidosum, being this the first record and molecular characterization of both species in Spain. The morphometrics and morphology of the Spanish populations agree with those of the original description and paratype specimens and the present study provided a first description of the second to fourth juvenile stages of both species. A detailed study on the morphology in the Spanish populations of X. histriae, as well as in paratypes, showed a pseudo- Z-organ with weakly muscularized wall and containing numerous small dense granular bodies, which was different to the original description by Lamberti et al. (1993). This new finding suggests that X. histriae must be considered a member of the morphospecies Group 5 of X. non-americanum. Phylogenetic analysis based on D2 to D3 expansion segments of 28S gene, ITS1 and partial CoxI gene indicated that X. histriae and X. lapidosum are phylogenetically related with other Xiphinema non-americanum group spp. reported from Spain. Considering the pathological and economic importance of this group of nematodes, the combination of morphological characters, measurements, and molecular analysis is crucial for accurate identification of these species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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42. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Xiphinema ifacolum Luc, 1961 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Sri Lanka.
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Susulovska, Solomia, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Susulovsky, Andrij, Castillo, Pablo, and Archidona-Yuste, Antonio
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DAGGER nematodes ,MORPHOMETRICS ,MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ,TAXONOMY ,RIBOSOMAL RNA genetics - Abstract
Females and juveniles from a population of Xiphinema ifacolum from Sri Lanka are described based on morphology, morphometrics and molecular analyses. Morphologically, females and juveniles from Sri Lanka are similar to original descriptions and other reports from Brazil, Cameroon, Liberia, and São Tomé and Príncipe. The identity of the species was also confirmed by 18S rRNA gene sequences deposited in NCBI from Brazil (AY297826). Integrative diagnosis was completed with molecular data using D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS1 region, partial 18S-rRNA and the partial mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (coxI). This is the third molecular characterisation for a species of the X. non- americanum Group 4, after X. oleae and X. tica. The use of different ribosomal and mitochondrial markers in this study, particularly, D2-D3, ITS1 and partial coxI , provided a precise and unequivocal tool for the identification of X. ifacolum and contributes to a better knowledge of the diversity within Xiphinema. Morphospecies Group 4 appears to be a paraphyletic group within the X. non- americanum assemblage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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43. Molecular phylogeny, diagnostics, and diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes of the genus Hemicycliophora (Nematoda: Hemicycliophoridae)
- Author
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Subbotin, Sergei A., Chitambar, John J., Chizhov, Vladimir N., Stanley, Jason D., Inserra, Renato N., Doucet, Marcelo Edmundo, Mcclure, Michael, Ye, Weimin, Yeates, George, Mollov, Dimitre S., Cantalapiedra Navarrete, Carolina, Vovlas, Nicola, Van Den Berg, Esther, and Castillo, Pablo
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Tylenchida ,cryptic species ,Nematoda ,sheath nematodes ,Bayesian inference ,D2-D3 ,rDNA ,Zoología, Ornitología, Entomología, Etología ,Biodiversity ,Secernentea ,Ciencias Biológicas ,PCR-ITS-RFLP ,Criconematidae ,Animalia ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,ancestral state reconstructions ,Taxonomy - Abstract
The genus Hemicycliophora (Nematoda: Hemicycliophoridae) contains 132 valid species of plant-parasitic nematodes, collectively known as ‘sheath nematodes’. Hemicycliophora spp. are characterized morphologically by a long stylet with rounded basal knobs and a cuticular sheath, present in juvenile and adult stages. Populations of 20 valid and 14 putative species of Hemicycliophora and Loofia from several countries were characterized morphologically using light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and molecularly using the D2-D3 segments of 28S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA gene sequences. LM and SEM observations provided new details on the morphology of these species. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLPs) of the D2-D3 of 28S rDNA were proposed for identification of the species. Phylogenetic relationships within populations of 36 species of the genus Hemicycliophora using 102 D2-D3 of 28S rDNA and 97 ITS rRNA gene sequences as inferred from Bayesian analysis are reconstructed and discussed. Ancestral state reconstructions of diagnostic characters (body and stylet length, number of body annuli, shape of vulval lip and tail), using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference, revealed that none of the traits are individually reliable characters for classifying the studied sheath nematode. The Shimodaira–Hasegawa test rejected the validity of the genus Loofia. This is the most complete phylogenetic analysis of Hemicycliophora species conducted so far. Fil: Subbotin, Sergei A.. California Department of Food and Agriculture; Estados Unidos. Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Rusia Fil: Chitambar, John J.. California Department of Food and Agriculture; Estados Unidos Fil: Chizhov, Vladimir N.. Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Rusia Fil: Stanley, Jason D.. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services; Estados Unidos Fil: Inserra, Renato N.. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services; Estados Unidos Fil: Doucet, Marcelo Edmundo. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicas y Naturales. Centro de Zoologia Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Cordoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecologia Animal; Argentina Fil: Mcclure, Michael. University Of Arizona; Estados Unidos Fil: Ye, Weimin. North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services; Estados Unidos Fil: Yeates, George. Fil: Mollov, Dimitre S.. University Of Minnesota; Estados Unidos Fil: Cantalapiedra Navarrete, Carolina. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible; España Fil: Vovlas, Nicola. Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante; Italia Fil: Van Den Berg, Esther. ARC-Plant Protection Research Institute; Sudáfrica Fil: Castillo, Pablo. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible; España
- Published
- 2014
44. Integrative taxonomy of the stunt nematodes of the genera Bitylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus (Nematoda, Telotylenchidae) with description of two new species and a molecular phylogeny
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Handoo, Zafar A., Palomares-Rius, Juan E., Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Liébanas, Gracia, Subbotin, Sergei A., Castillo, Pablo, European Commission, CSIC - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), and Russian Foundation for Basic Research
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Tylenchida ,Chromadorea ,Tail tip annulation ,Nematoda ,Telotylenchidae ,Bayesian inference ,D2–D3 expansion segments of the large ribosomal subunit (28S) ,18S ,Belonolaimidae ,Biodiversity ,Shimodaira–Hasegawa test ,Secernentea ,Rhabditida ,Stylet knob inclination ,Internal transcribed spacer ,Cryptic species ,Animalia ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Stunt nematodes are characterized by phenotypic plasticity, with overlapping morphology and morphometry leading to potential misidentification. Consequently, the application of integrative taxonomic approaches is useful to species delimitation based on a combination of different perspectives, e.g. morphology and DNA sequences. We conducted nematode surveys in cultivated and natural environments in Spain and the USA, from which we identified 18 known species of the family Telotylenchidae and two new taxa within the studied samples. These species were morphologically, morphometrically, and molecularly characterized. The results of light and scanning electron microscopic observations, and molecular and phylogenetic analysis also allowed two new species to be distinguished, described herein as Bitylenchus hispaniensis sp. nov. and Tylenchorhynchus mediterraneus sp. nov. The phylogenetic analysis was carried out using molecular data from nuclear ribosomal DNA genes [D2–D3 expansion segments of the large ribosomal subunit (28S), internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and partial small ribosomal subunit (18S)]. We also provide here a test of alternative hypotheses that confirms the monophyly of both Tylenchorhynchus and Bitylenchus sensu Siddiqi's classification but does not support Fortuner & Luc's conceptual view of Tylenchorhynchus as a large genus. Ancestral state reconstructions of several diagnostic morphological characters using a maximum parsimony approach showed congruence in morphological and molecular evolution for stylet knob inclination and tail tip annulation. Our analysis emphasizes some of the problems related to the taxonomy and phylogeny of nematodes of Telotylenchinae. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London, The last author acknowledges support from grant KBBE 219262 ArimNET_ERANET FP7 2012–2015 Project PESTOLIVE ‘Contribution of olive history for the management of soilborne parasites in the Mediterranean basin’ from Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), grant AGL2012-37521 from ‘Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad’ of Spain, grants P12-AGR 1486 and AGR-136 from ‘Consejería de Economía, Innvovación y Ciencia’ from Junta de Andalucía, grant AGL2009-06955 from ‘Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación’ of Spain, and Union Europea, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo regional, ‘Una manera de hacer Europa’. The fifth author acknowledges the support from the Russian Foundation of Basic Research, project number 14-04-00953 A.
- Published
- 2014
45. Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Paralongidorus sali Siddiqi, Hooper, and Khan, 1963 with a Description of the First-Stage Juvenile and Male of Longidorus jonesi Siddiqi, 1962 from China.
- Author
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Ruihang Cai, Maria, Munawar, Nan Qu, Castillo, Pablo, and Jingwu Zheng
- Subjects
NEMATODE morphology ,MOLECULAR biology ,LONGIDORIDAE ,PLANT nematodes ,NEMATODE phylogeny - Abstract
Longidorids are economically important plant-parasitic nematodes because several species are virus vectors. Populations of Paralongidorus sali and Longidorus jonesi, isolated from woody perennials of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, were characterized molecularly and morphologically. The morphometric data of the Chinese populations of both species were compared with other populations. The present study provided a first record of the occurrence of Paralongidorus in China coupled with description of the first-stage juvenile and male of L. jonesi. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S and D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S gene indicated that L. jonesi clustered with L. jonesi reported from Japan and P. sali grouped with P. bikanerensis from Iran. Considering the pathological and economic importance of this group of nematodes, the study emphasized the need of updated descriptions from accurately identified specimens, isolation of sufficient material for examination, and molecular and phylogenetic analysis for a better understanding and diagnostics of Longidorid nematodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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46. Diversity of root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne Göeldi, 1892 (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae) associated with olive plants and environmental cues regarding their distribution in southern Spain.
- Author
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Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Rapoport, Hava F., Castillo, Pablo, Palomares-Rius, Juan E., and Liébanas, Gracia
- Subjects
ROOT-knot nematodes ,OLIVE ,OILSEED plants ,SOIL texture - Abstract
Root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne are recognised worldwide as a major production constraint in crops of primary economic importance. Knowledge of their diversity and prevalence, as well as the major environmental and agronomical cues for understanding their distribution in specific areas is of vital importance for designing control measures to reduce significant damage. We provide the first detailed information on the diversity, distribution and levels of Meloidogyne species infecting wild and cultivated olive soils in a wide-region in southern Spain that included 499 sampling sites. Overall Meloidogyne spp. were found in 6.6% of sampled olive plants, with 6.6% and 6.5% for cultivated and wild olive, respectively. We identified five previously described Meloidogyne spp. (Meloidogyne arenaria, M. baetica, M. hapla, M. incognita, M. javanica) and one new species (Meloidogyne oleae sp. nov.) which, characterized using integrative taxonomy, increases the known biodiversity of Meloidogyne spp. affecting olive. Meloidogyne arenaria and M. incognita were only found infecting cultivated olive varieties, while, M. baetica was only found infecting wild olive. Three major parameters drive the distribution of Meloidogyne spp. in cultivated olives in southern Spain, cover vegetation on alley, irrigation and soil texture, but different species respond differently to them. In particular the presence of M. incognita is highly correlated with sandy loamy soils, the presence of M. javanica with irrigated soils and cover vegetation, while the presence of M. arenaria is correlated with the absence of cover vegetation on alley and absence of irrigation. These parameters likely influence the selection of each particular Meloidogyne species from a major dispersal source, such as the rooted plantlets used to establish the orchards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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47. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Hemicriconemoides paracamelliae sp. n. (Nematoda: Criconematidae) and two known species of Hemicriconemoides from China.
- Author
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MARIA, Munawar, Ruihang CAI, CASTILLO, Pablo, and Jingwu ZHENG
- Subjects
PLANT nematodes ,NEMATODE morphology ,SPERMATHECA ,VULVA ,NEMATODE anatomy - Abstract
Sheathoid nematodes of the genus Hemicriconemoides are migratory root-ectoparasites of many crops but damage is documented for only a few species. Hemicriconemoides paracamelliae sp. n., isolated in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, from the rhizosphere of Cinninghamia lanceolata, is described together with H. kanayaensis and H. parataiwanensis. These three species are characterised morphologically and molecularly with important morphological details elucidated by SEM photographs. The new species can be characterised by the en face view having a dorsoventrally orientated oral disc with slit-like opening, and the labial plate being composed of two lateral semi-globular shaped projections on the lateral sides of the oral disc. This new species has the first lip annulus expanded and slightly wider than the second, stylet 83 (80-85) µm long, excretory pore located 5-6 annuli posterior to the base of the pharyngeal bulb, vulva slit-like, vulval flaps absent, spermatheca rounded to oblong-shaped, and anus located 5-8 annuli posterior to vulva. The tail is elongated, conoid, with the terminal annuli curving dorsally or ventrally to form a finely rounded tip. The study provides the first record of H. kanayaensis from mainland China, a new host association of H. parataiwanensis, and molecular sequencing data of the 18S, 28S D2-D3 and ITS sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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48. Description and molecular phylogeny of one new and one known needle nematode of the genus <italic>Paralongidorus</italic> (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from grapevine in Portugal using integrative approach.
- Author
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Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Carlos, Mota, Manuel, Castillo, Pablo, Santos, Margarida Teixeira, and Palomares-Rius, Juan E.
- Abstract
A new and a known longidorid nematode,
Paralongidorus lusitanicus n. sp. andParalongidorus plesioepimikis , are described and illustrated from populations extracted from soil associated with grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from Escaroupim and Pó (central-Western Portugal), respectively. The new needle nematodeP. lusitanicus n. sp. is characterised by a very large body size (8072-12,022 μm), an expanded and rounded lip region,ca 30 μm wide, with a clear constriction followed by a depression posterior to the amphidial aperture, amphidial fovea very large (11.0-19.0 μm), stirrup-shaped, with conspicuous slit-like aperture as shown in scanning electron microscopy studies, a very long and flexible odontostyle (180.0-223.0 μm), guiding ring located at 28.0-41.5 μm from anterior end, vulva anterior to the mid-body (34-41%), a dorsally convex-conoid tail with rounded terminus (29-42 μm long), bearing two or three pairs of caudal pores and males common (ratio 1:1.6 females) with spiculesca 80 μm long. Morphological and morphometric traits forP .plesioepimikis fit well with the original description, and is reported for the first time in Portugal. Integrative diagnosis of both species was completed with molecular data obtained using D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rDNA, ITS1-rDNA and partial 18S-rDNA. The phylogenetic relationships of these species with otherParalongidorus spp. using these three molecular markers indicated thatP. lusitanicus n. sp. clustered together with otherParalongidorus spp. forming a sister clade withP .plesioepimikis , both of them sharing a large body, long odontostyle, an anteriorly located vulva and an expanded and rounded lip region with a clear constriction followed by a depression posterior to the amphidial aperture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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49. Morphological and molecular characterisation of two new Hemicycliophora species (Tylenchida: Hemicycliophoridae) with a revision of the taxonomic status of some known species and a phylogeny of the genus.
- Author
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VAN DEN BERG, Esther, TIEDT, Louwrens R., LIÉBANAS, Gracia, CHITAMBAR, John J., STANLEY, Jason D., INSERRA, Renato N., CASTILLO, Pablo, and SUBBOTIN, Sergei A.
- Subjects
HEMICYCLIOPHORA ,HEMICYCLIOPHORIDAE ,TAXONOMY ,PHYLOGENY ,NEMATODES ,PHYLOGENETIC models - Abstract
Hemicycliophora presently contains 132 valid species of sheath nematodes. Within several samples obtained from surveys in Canada, South Africa, Spain and the USA, we distinguished six valid and six putative unidentified species by integrating the results of morphological and molecular analyses. Valid species included: H. californica, H. gracilis, H. parvana, H. poranga, H. raskii, and H. signata. The putative unidentified species were indicated as Hemicycliophora sp. 10, sp. 12, sp. 15, sp. 16, sp. 17, and sp. 18. Two new species of sheath nematodes from Spain and the USA were described and named as H. onubensis sp. n. and H. robbinsi sp. n., respectively. Hemicycliophora wyei is proposed as a junior synonym of H. parvana and H. ripa is proposed as a junior synonym of H. poranga. Eighteen valid and 13 unidentified species of sheath nematodes were characterised using the partial COI mtDNA gene. A total of 94 new sequences of which 77 were for the COI mtDNA gene were obtained in this study. Phylogenetic relationships within Hemicycliophora, using the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rDNA, ITS rRNA and COI gene sequences, are presented as inferred from Bayesian analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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50. A new dagger nematode, Xiphinema poasense n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae), from Costa Rica.
- Author
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VARELA-BENAVIDES, Ingrid, PERAZA-PADILLA, Walter, CANTALAPIEDRA-NAVARRETE, Carolina, PALOMARES-RIUS, Juan E., CASTILLO, Pablo, and ARCHIDONA-YUSTE, Antonio
- Subjects
EUCALYPTUS ,DAGGER nematodes ,RIBOSOMAL RNA ,PHYLOGENY ,VULVA ,ANATOMY - Abstract
A new dagger nematode, Xiphinema poasense n. sp., is described and illustrated from three populations extracted from soil associated with a combined plantation of Eucalyptus sp., Cupressus sp. and Pennisetum sp. and wild plants from a tropical premontane forest in Costa Rica. The new dagger nematode is characterised by a moderate body size 2612 (2416-3042) µm long, a rounded lip region 15.0 (13.5-16.5) µm broad, separated from the body contour by a shallow depression, amphidial fovea large, stirrupshaped, a very long odontostyle (175 (164-188) µm), stylet guiding ring located 167 (136-181) µm from anterior end, vulva situated anterior to mid-body (36-40%), anterior genital branch complete but strongly reduced, without uterine differentiation, female tail short, hemispherical to convex-conoid with a c' ratio = 0.7 (0.6-0.8) and bearing two pairs of caudal pores, and male absent. Integrative diagnosis was completed with molecular data using D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS1 region, partial 18S-rRNA and the partial mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (coxI). The phylogenetic relationships based on D2-D3 segments of this species with other Xiphinema spp. of the X. non-americanum group indicated that X. poasense n. sp. clustered with other species with a reduced anterior genital branch from the morphospecies Group 2, viz., X. costaricense and X. krugi. However, the phylogeny of coxI and partial 18S rRNA gene revealed that the new species did not cluster with Xiphinema species having the anterior genital branch absent or reduced (i.e., morphospecies Groups 1 and 2, respectively). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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